CN114558556A - Method for jointly preparing gel filler for purifying nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage by using solid wastes - Google Patents
Method for jointly preparing gel filler for purifying nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage by using solid wastes Download PDFInfo
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- CN114558556A CN114558556A CN202210024767.2A CN202210024767A CN114558556A CN 114558556 A CN114558556 A CN 114558556A CN 202210024767 A CN202210024767 A CN 202210024767A CN 114558556 A CN114558556 A CN 114558556A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/26—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
- B01J20/28047—Gels
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for jointly preparing a gel filler for purifying nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage by using solid wastes, which comprises the following steps: (1) pretreating kitchen waste raw materials, adding a certain mass of sludge, and grinding into slurry by using a wall breaking machine to obtain sludge-kitchen mixed slurry; (2) taking a certain volume of sludge-kitchen mixed slurry, and applying a certain microwave energy by using a microwave reactor; (3) sequentially adding an oxidant, a propping agent, a monomer solution, a cross-linking agent and an initiator into the sludge-kitchen mixed slurry, and stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed; (4) and (4) continuously stirring the slurry obtained in the step (3) under the condition of constant-temperature water bath until the slurry reaches the required viscosity, and standing to obtain the gel filler for purifying nitrogen and phosphorus in the sewage. The invention fully utilizes the resource attributes of the two raw materials, can realize the synergistic effect of '1 +1 > 2', and can realize the resource utilization of solid wastes and the adsorption of nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste resource utilization, and particularly relates to a method for jointly preparing a gel filler for purifying nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage by using solid waste.
Background
The annual output of kitchen waste and sludge in China is huge, but a part of traditional treatment technologies aim at disposal, and a large amount of resource waste is caused. The kitchen waste contains a large amount of functional groups such as-OH, -COOH and the like, and the sludge contains inorganic substances such as silicon dioxide and the like, so that the kitchen waste can be crosslinked and polymerized into gel serving as a filler, and the gel can be used in an adsorption column in the field of sewage treatment to realize high-value-added conversion of waste.
In recent years, the prevention and treatment form of sewage pollution in China is severe, so that total phosphorus gradually becomes the first pollutant of surface water in key lakes and reservoirs and the economic zones of Yangtze river, inorganic nitrogen and phosphate become the first pollutants of offshore areas, nitrogen and phosphorus pollution rises to be the main problem of water pollution prevention and treatment, and the prevention and treatment form becomes a prominent bottleneck influencing the water quality improvement of drainage basins. In 2018, the ecological environment department issues a notice, and places are required to pay high attention to nitrogen and phosphorus pollution prevention and control work, the total nitrogen and phosphorus emission amount of key industries is strictly controlled and gradually reduced, and the water quality improvement of a basin is promoted. However, the traditional technologies such as chemical precipitation, coagulation filtration and biological methods all have the problems of low nitrogen and phosphorus purification efficiency, low resource degree, high cost and the like. In order to solve the problems, the development of a method for jointly preparing the gel filler for purifying nitrogen and phosphorus in the sewage by using the solid waste is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides the method for jointly preparing the gel filler for purifying nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage by using the solid wastes, which is environment-friendly, low in cost, simple in preparation process, capable of realizing resource co-treatment of various wastes and good in effect of purifying nitrogen and phosphorus.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the method for preparing the gel filler for purifying nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage by combining solid wastes comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreating kitchen waste raw materials, adding a certain mass of sludge, and grinding into slurry by using a wall breaking machine to obtain sludge-kitchen mixed slurry;
(2) taking a certain volume of sludge-kitchen mixed slurry, and applying a certain microwave energy by using a microwave reactor;
(3) sequentially adding an oxidant, a propping agent, a monomer solution, a cross-linking agent and an initiator into the sludge-kitchen mixed slurry, and stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed;
(4) and (4) continuously stirring the slurry obtained in the step (3) under the condition of constant-temperature water bath until the slurry reaches the required viscosity, and standing to obtain the gel filler for purifying nitrogen and phosphorus in the sewage.
The specific process of the step (1) is as follows: the pretreatment of the kitchen waste comprises the steps of sorting out big bones, paper towels, plastic bags and foam impurities, filtering through a screen with the aperture of 0.150 mm to remove kitchen waste leachate, mixing with distilled water with the same volume, adding sludge with certain mass, crushing in a wall breaking machine to obtain slurry which is uniformly dispersed, and filtering through a screen with the aperture of 0.125 mm to obtain sludge-kitchen mixed slurry.
In the step (1), the water content of the sludge raw material is 70-80%, and the mass of the added sludge is 1-20% of that of the uniformly dispersed sludge-kitchen mixed slurry.
In the step (2), the microwave radiation power is 210-560W, and the microwave reaction time is 110 s.
The oxidizing agent in the step (3) is CaO2、H2O2Or K2MnO4The oxidant is used for releasing carbon components in the raw materials, and the adding amount of the oxidant is 0.2-1.5 g per 50 mL of slurry.
The propping agent in the step (3) refers to inorganic matters containing silicate, such as sludge ash, fly ash, coconut ash or hectorite, and also comprises carbon components released by an oxidant in sludge-kitchen slurry, and is used for enhancing the mechanical property of the gel filler for purifying nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage, wherein the adding amount of the propping agent is 3-10 g per 50 mL of the slurry.
The monomer solution in the step (3) is an aqueous solution of acrylamide, sodium alginate or vinyl chloride simple compounds, and has the function of causing polymerization reaction or polycondensation reaction to synthesize a high molecular compound, and the adding amount of the monomer solution is 4-8 mL per 50 mL of slurry.
The cross-linking agent in the step (3) is a compound such as sodium trimetaphosphate, anhydride or N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, and the like, and has the function of interacting with a monomer initiator to initiate a cross-linking reaction when the polymerization is carried out to a certain degree, and the adding amount of the cross-linking agent is 0.08-0.25 g per 50 mL of slurry.
The initiator in the step (3) is persulfate, and the adding amount of the persulfate is 0.15-0.35 g per 50 mL of slurry.
The temperature of the water bath in the step (4) is 60-80 ℃, the stirring mode is mechanical stirring, the rotating speed is 150-260 rad/min, and the viscosity of the gel filler is 60.0 rpm, 3500 mpa & s-30.0 rpm or 15500 mpa & s.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the gel filler for purifying nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage prepared by the invention takes the kitchen waste and the sludge as raw materials, fully utilizes the resource attributes of the kitchen waste and the sludge, can realize the synergistic effect of '1 +1 > 2', and can realize the resource utilization of solid waste and the adsorption of nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage. The gel filler has excellent adsorption property, can fully absorb nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage, purifies water, and can be widely applied to the fields of sewage treatment plants, agriculture and the like. The nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption gel filler has wide raw material sources and obvious treatment effect, and is beneficial to recycling, reduction and harmlessness of wastes.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM photograph of a kitchen waste raw material;
FIG. 2 is an SEM photograph of the added sludge raw material;
FIG. 3 is an SEM photograph of the resulting gel-type filler;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the purification rate of nitrogen in the wastewater by the obtained gel filler;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the purification efficiency of the obtained gel-type filler for purifying phosphorus in wastewater.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided to further illustrate the salient features of the present invention, and are intended to be illustrative of the present invention and not to be limiting thereof.
Example 1
The method for preparing the gel filler for purifying nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage by combining solid wastes comprises the following steps:
(1) 200 g of kitchen waste is taken, filtered by a screen with the aperture of 0.150 mm to remove kitchen waste leachate, 4 g of sludge is added to be mixed with 200 mL of distilled water, and the mixture is crushed into sludge-kitchen mixed slurry which is uniformly dispersed in a wall breaking machine. Fig. 1 and fig. 2 are SEM photographs of a kitchen waste raw material and an added sludge raw material, respectively.
(2) Taking 50 mL of slurry obtained after mixing the sludge and the kitchen, and radiating for 110 s by using a microwave reactor under the power of 350W.
(3) Adding 0.7 g of CaO into the sludge-kitchen mixed slurry respectively21 g of fly ash, 3.5 g of acrylamide, 0.15 g of 0.15 g N-N' methylene bisacrylamide and 0.25 g of sodium persulfate, stirring and mixing uniformly, placing in a constant-temperature water bath kettle at 70 ℃, stirring at a rotating speed of 225 rad/min at a constant temperature until the viscosity is 6.0 rpm and 96002 mpa · s, and standing to obtain the gel filler for purifying nitrogen and phosphorus in the sewage. As shown in fig. 3.
Example 2
The following steps can be adopted for purifying the sewage by adopting the gel filler obtained in the example 1:
and carrying out vacuum freeze drying on the gel filler for 24 hours, respectively taking 1.0 g of the gel filler for purifying nitrogen and phosphorus in the sewage, placing the gel filler into two 250 mL conical bottles, respectively adding 250 mL of prepared solutions containing nitrogen and phosphorus with the concentrations of 200 mg/L and 100 mg/L into the conical bottles, placing the conical bottles in a constant-temperature water bath at room temperature, and oscillating the conical bottles for 2 hours to finish purification. And (3) sucking 10 mL of solution from the nitrogen and phosphorus preparation solution by using a syringe respectively every 20 min, filtering the solution through a 0.45-micrometer filter membrane, and measuring the ammonia nitrogen and phosphate concentration of the obtained filtrate by using a spectrophotometer. The change of nitrogen and phosphorus in the solution at different time periods is shown in table 1, and the corresponding nitrogen and phosphorus purification rate of the sewage is shown in fig. 4 and 5.
TABLE 1 Nitrogen phosphorus content at different periods of time
| Sampling time (min) | 20 | 40 | 60 | 80 | 100 | 120 |
| Purification ratio of Nitrogen in solution (%) | 25.04 | 45.71 | 54.33 | 62.54 | 69.92 | 73.63 |
| Purification ratio of phosphorus in solution (%) | 29.63 | 65.84 | 77.93 | 86.52 | 91.88 | 96.25 |
In the method, the purification rates of ammonia nitrogen and phosphate in the sewage are measured to be 73.63% and 96.25% respectively after the purification is finished.
Example 3
The gel filler obtained in the embodiment 1 can be used for adsorbing nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage, and can be used as a nitrogen and phosphorus slow release agent after adsorbing the nitrogen and phosphorus in the sewage, and can be applied to soil. 1 g of the gel filler for purifying nitrogen and phosphorus in the sewage is applied to the soil, and compared with the soil without the gel filler, the content of nitrogen and phosphorus in the soil is improved to a certain extent by performing a soil application experiment for 30 d, and the specific conditions are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 soil application Experimental indices
| Control group | Experimental group | |
| Total nitrogen content (g/kg) | 0.983 | 1.654 |
| Total phosphorus content (g/kg) | 0.852 | 1.526 |
| Organic matter content (g/kg) | 15.34 | 28.78 |
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments or portions thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for preparing the gel filler for purifying nitrogen and phosphorus in sewage by combining solid wastes is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreating kitchen waste raw materials, adding a certain mass of sludge, and grinding into slurry by using a wall breaking machine to obtain sludge-kitchen mixed slurry;
(2) taking a certain volume of sludge-kitchen mixed slurry, and applying a certain microwave energy by using a microwave reactor;
(3) sequentially adding an oxidant, a propping agent, a monomer solution, a cross-linking agent and an initiator into the sludge-kitchen mixed slurry, and stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed;
(4) and (4) continuously stirring the slurry obtained in the step (3) under the condition of constant-temperature water bath until the slurry reaches the required viscosity, and standing to obtain the gel filler for purifying nitrogen and phosphorus in the sewage.
2. The method for jointly preparing the gel filler for purifying nitrogen and phosphorus in the sewage by using the solid wastes as claimed in claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the specific process of the step (1) is as follows: the pretreatment of the kitchen waste comprises the steps of sorting out big bones, paper towels, plastic bags and foam impurities, filtering through a screen with the aperture of 0.150 mm to remove kitchen waste leachate, mixing with distilled water with the same volume, adding sludge with certain mass, crushing in a wall breaking machine to obtain slurry which is uniformly dispersed, and filtering through a screen with the aperture of 0.125 mm to obtain sludge-kitchen mixed slurry.
3. The method for jointly preparing the gel filler for purifying nitrogen and phosphorus in the sewage by using the solid wastes as claimed in claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the step (1), the water content of the sludge raw material is 70-80%, and the mass of the added sludge is 1-20% of that of the uniformly dispersed sludge-kitchen mixed slurry.
4. The method for jointly preparing the gel filler for purifying nitrogen and phosphorus in the sewage by using the solid wastes as claimed in claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following steps of: in the step (2), the microwave radiation power is 210-560W, and the microwave reaction time is 110 s.
5. The method for jointly preparing the gel filler for purifying nitrogen and phosphorus in the sewage by using the solid wastes as claimed in claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the oxidizing agent in the step (3) is CaO2、H2O2Or K2MnO4The oxidant is used for releasing carbon components in the raw materials, and the adding amount of the oxidant is 0.2-1.5 g per 50 mL of slurry.
6. The method for jointly preparing the gel filler for purifying nitrogen and phosphorus in the sewage by using the solid wastes as claimed in claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the propping agent in the step (3) refers to inorganic matters containing silicate, such as sludge ash, fly ash, coconut ash or hectorite, and also comprises carbon components released by an oxidizing agent in sludge-kitchen slurry, and the propping agent is used for enhancing the mechanical property of the sludge-kitchen-based soil slow-release fertilizer, and the adding amount of the propping agent is 3-10 g per 50 mL of slurry.
7. The method for jointly preparing the gel filler for purifying nitrogen and phosphorus in the sewage by using the solid wastes as claimed in claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the monomer solution in the step (3) is an aqueous solution of acrylamide, sodium alginate or vinyl chloride simple compounds, and has the function of causing polymerization reaction or polycondensation reaction to synthesize a high molecular compound, and the adding amount of the monomer solution is 4-8 mL per 50 mL of slurry.
8. The method for jointly preparing the gel filler for purifying nitrogen and phosphorus in the sewage by using the solid wastes as claimed in claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the cross-linking agent in the step (3) is a compound such as sodium trimetaphosphate, anhydride or N, N' -methylene bisacrylamide, and the like, and has the function of interacting with a monomer initiator to initiate a cross-linking reaction when the polymerization is carried out to a certain degree, and the adding amount of the cross-linking agent is 0.08-0.25 g per 50 mL of slurry.
9. The method for jointly preparing the gel filler for purifying nitrogen and phosphorus in the sewage by using the solid wastes as claimed in claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the initiator in the step (3) is persulfate, and the adding amount of the persulfate is 0.15-0.35 g per 50 mL of slurry.
10. The method for jointly preparing the gel filler for purifying nitrogen and phosphorus in the sewage by using the solid wastes as claimed in claim 1, is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the temperature of the water bath in the step (4) is 60-80 ℃, the stirring mode is mechanical stirring, the rotating speed is 150-260 rad/min, and the viscosity of the gel filler is 60.0 rpm, 3500 mpa & s-30.0 rpm or 15500 mpa & s.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116870842A (en) * | 2023-09-08 | 2023-10-13 | 中创宏远（北京）环保科技有限公司 | Preparation process of novel kitchen equipment filler |
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Cited By (2)
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