CN114557299B

CN114557299B - Three-dimensional columnar fixed shellfish culture increasing device for outside island and reef sea area

Info

Publication number: CN114557299B
Application number: CN202210274959.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴常文
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2022-03-21
Filing date: 2022-03-21
Publication date: 2022-12-06
Anticipated expiration: 2042-03-21
Also published as: CN114557299A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of marine shellfish culture, and relates to an outside island reef sea area three-dimensional columnar fixed shellfish culture device, which comprises a mooring rope, a plurality of columnar culture bodies and anchor piles, wherein each columnar culture body comprises a connecting pipe, a balancing weight, a large floating ball and a shellfish attachment assembly, the connecting pipe is internally provided with the connecting rope, the outer wall of the connecting pipe is provided with a guide pipe, the outer wall of the guide pipe is provided with a plurality of guide rings, the top of the balancing weight is provided with the connecting ring, the outer wall of the balancing weight is provided with a plurality of through holes, the shellfish attachment assembly is provided with a plurality of small floating balls, the connecting pipe is vertically fixed on the balancing weight, the large floating ball is positioned above the connecting pipe, the large floating ball is fixedly connected with the end part of the other end of the connecting rope, and the mooring rope and the anchor pile are matched to fix the whole device in a deep sea water area. The invention can maximize the utilization of the culture area of the deep sea water area at the periphery of the island sea area at the outer side, and has better wind and wave resistance.

Description

Three-dimensional columnar fixed shellfish culture increasing device for outside island and reef sea area

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of marine shellfish culture, in particular to a three-dimensional columnar fixed shellfish culture device in an outside island reef sea area.

Background

In recent years, the environmental quality of the offshore area in China is improved totally, the area proportion of the excellent water quality of the offshore area in 2019 reaches 76.6%, and the percentage point is increased by 12.9% compared with that in 2012. However, the coastal region land pollution sources such as large amount of industrial, agricultural and domestic wastewater discharge continue to have great influence on marine ecological environment, marine pollution sources such as mariculture, ports and docks, ship navigation and the like cannot be ignored, the near-shore sea water quality improvement effect is not stable, and the near-shore inferior four-class water quality area still accounts for 11.7% in 2019.

The mariculture industry plays a role in providing high-quality protein sources for people and faces the extrusion of coastal sea area space environments, and the only direction is to expand the mariculture industry to deep and open sea areas. At present, mariculture is mainly focused on coastal sea areas, and deep open sea culture is almost blank. According to preliminary statistics, 90% of mariculture is concentrated in sea areas within 10 meters and the like, 10% of mariculture is concentrated between 10-30m and the like, and development of deep and open sea culture spaces at 30m and the like is almost not performed.

At present, the mode of breeding the shellfish adopts raft culture, and the sea area that raft culture is suitable for is shallow sea area, and the peripheral shallow sea area of outside island reef sea area is less, and deep sea area is great, is not conform to raft culture equipment's sea area selection like this, and deep sea area has the characteristics of stormy waves height rivers urgency moreover, and raft culture equipment self anti-storm-flow performance is relatively poor, leads to raft culture equipment can't be applicable to outside island reef sea area like this and breeds the shellfish.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the invention provides a three-dimensional columnar fixed shellfish culture device in an outside island sea area, aiming at solving the problem that raft culture equipment cannot be applied to the deep sea area of the outside island sea area due to poor wind wave resistance of the raft culture equipment.

The invention provides an outside island reef sea area three-dimensional columnar fixed shellfish culture device, which comprises a mooring rope, a plurality of columnar culture bodies and anchor piles, wherein each columnar culture body comprises a connecting pipe, a balancing weight, a large floating ball and a shellfish attaching assembly, a connecting rope is arranged in each connecting pipe, a detachable guide pipe is arranged on the outer wall, close to the top of each connecting pipe, a plurality of guide rings matched with the mooring rope are arranged on the outer wall of each guide pipe, a connecting ring used for fixedly connecting one end part of the rope is arranged at the top of each balancing weight, a plurality of through holes for the mooring rope to penetrate through are formed in the outer wall of each balancing weight, a plurality of shellfish attaching assemblies are arranged on each shellfish attaching assembly, each shellfish attaching assembly is used for providing a shellfish attaching area, a small floating ball used for providing upward buffering force is arranged at the bottom of each shellfish attaching assembly, each connecting pipe is vertically fixed on the corresponding balancing weight, the large floating ball is positioned above the connecting pipe, the other end part of the large floating ball is fixedly connected with the connecting rope, all the shellfish attaching assemblies are sequentially connected to the connecting pipes from bottom to the connecting pipes, and the mooring rope and the anchor piles are matched to fix the whole shellfish culture device in a deep sea area; the columnar aquaculture body is formed by combining a connecting pipe, a balancing weight, a large floating ball and a plurality of shellfish attaching components, the balancing weight is matched with the large floating ball to enable the connecting pipe to keep a vertical state in seawater as far as possible, all the shellfish attaching components are fixed on the connecting pipe from bottom to top, a fixing area on the connecting pipe is reasonably utilized, the upward buffering force of the small floating ball is utilized to offset the settlement force caused by the gravity of the shellfish attaching components, the effect of separating the two shellfish attaching components is certainly achieved, then all the columnar aquaculture bodies are fixed in a deep sea water area through a fixing rope and an anchor pile, the deep sea water area aquaculture area of the periphery of the island reef sea area at the outer side can be maximally utilized by the whole device, and the wind and wave resistance of the whole device is high.

In some embodiments, the shellfish attaching assembly comprises a culture frame and a frame cover, wherein a feeding opening is formed in the top of the culture frame, a sleeve pipe in sliding fit with the connecting pipe is arranged in the culture frame, a detachable attaching part is arranged on the sleeve pipe, external threads are arranged on the outer wall of the top of the sleeve pipe, the frame cover is used for sealing the feeding opening of the culture frame, a fixing pipe is arranged in the middle of the frame cover, internal threads matched with the external threads are arranged on the inner wall of the fixing pipe, and a plurality of water inlet holes are formed in the culture frame and the frame cover; the shellfish breeding area is provided by the breeding frame, the infant attachment area can be provided by the attachment part, and the frame cover can be quickly fixed on the sleeve.

In some embodiments, one attachment part is provided, the attachment part comprises a plurality of first culture pieces, a plurality of water inlet holes are formed in the first culture pieces, and all the first culture pieces are connected to the sleeve at equal angles; shellfish can be attached to the first culture sheet.

In some embodiments, a first fixed sliding block is arranged at the bottom of the first cultivation sheet, and a plurality of fixed sliding grooves matched with the first fixed sliding block are formed in the outer wall of the sleeve; first breed piece and utilize the sliding fit of first fixed slider and fixed spout can install to the sleeve pipe fast on.

In some embodiments, two of the attachment parts are provided, a partition plate is further arranged between the two attachment parts, a plurality of water inlet holes are formed in the partition plate, the partition plate divides the interior of the cultivation frame into an upper cultivation area and a lower cultivation area, the attachment parts comprise a plurality of second cultivation pieces, a plurality of water inlet holes are formed in the second cultivation pieces, and all the second cultivation pieces are connected to the sleeve at equal angles; thus, shellfish can be prevented from being concentrated on the lower half part of the culture frame for reproduction.

In some embodiments, a second fixed sliding block is arranged at the bottom of the second cultivation sheet, and a plurality of fixed sliding grooves matched with the second fixed sliding block are formed in the outer wall of the sleeve; the second is bred the piece and can be installed to the sleeve pipe fast to the sliding fit of fixed slider of second and fixed spout.

In some embodiments, the outer wall of the fixed pipe is provided with anti-skid grains; the phenomenon of skidding can be avoided when the frame cover is opened manually.

In some embodiments, the bottom of the balancing weight is provided with a plurality of anti-slip cones; the stability after the anti-skidding awl can increase the balancing weight and set a bottom.

In some embodiments, the top of the counterweight block is provided with a notch, the connecting ring is positioned on the bottom of the notch, and flexible rubber is filled between the groove wall of the notch and the outer wall of the connecting pipe close to the bottom of the connecting pipe; avoid the condition of connecting pipe bottom fracture.

In some embodiments, a connecting disc is arranged at the top of the large floating ball, a force measuring device is arranged at the bottom of the connecting disc, a through hole for a connecting rope to pass through is formed in the middle of the large floating ball, the aperture of the through hole is smaller than the diameter of the connecting disc, and the force measuring device is connected with the other end of the connecting rope; and judging the growth rate of the shellfish in the whole columnar culture body by using a force measuring device.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

firstly, the three-dimensional columnar fixed shellfish culture device in the external island sea area adopts the mooring ropes and the anchor piles to fix all columnar culture bodies in the deep sea water of the external island sea area, has good anti-wave capability, is formed by combining the connecting pipe, the balancing weight, the large floating ball and a plurality of shellfish attachment assemblies, can keep the connecting pipe in a vertical state in the sea water as much as possible by matching the balancing weight with the large floating ball, is fixed on the connecting pipe from bottom to top by all shellfish attachment assemblies, and utilizes the upward buffering force of the small floating ball to offset partial settlement force caused by the gravity of the shellfish attachment assemblies.

Secondly, the stereoscopic columnar fixed shellfish culture device for the island sea area at the outer side is convenient and fast to assemble the culture frame and the frame cover, and has enough shellfish culture space after assembly.

Thirdly, the three-dimensional columnar fixed shellfish culture device in the external island reef sea area can divide the interior of the culture frame into an upper culture area and a lower culture area through the partition plate, so that the juvenile shellfish can be prevented from being concentrated in the lower culture area and being attached.

Fourthly, according to the stereoscopic columnar fixed shellfish culture device in the outside island-reef sea area, the connecting disc is arranged on the large floating ball, the force measuring device is arranged at the bottom of the connecting disc and connected with the end part of the connecting rope, so that the condition of the settlement force of the corresponding columnar culture body can be detected by using the force measuring device, and the condition of the yield of shellfish in the corresponding columnar culture body can be known.

Compared with raft culture equipment, the three-dimensional columnar fixed shellfish culture device for the outside island-reef sea area can culture shellfish growing in deep sea water, and the culture variety of the shellfish culture device is far larger than that of the raft culture equipment.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the three-dimensional columnar fixed shellfish culture device in the outside island reef sea area of the invention,

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a columnar cultivation body,

figure 3 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view taken along linebase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A of figure 2,

FIG. 4 is a partially disassembled view of a columnar cultivation body,

figure 5 is a structural view of a first embodiment of the shellfish attachment assembly,

figure 6 is a structural view of a second embodiment of the shellfish attachment assembly,

FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of a columnar farming body;

reference numerals: 1. fixing a mooring rope; 2. anchoring piles; 3. a connecting pipe; 31. connecting ropes; 32. a guide tube; 321. a guide ring; 4. a balancing weight; 41. a connecting ring; 42. perforating; 43. an anti-slip cone; 44. a flexible rubber; 5. a big floating ball; 51. a connecting disc; 52. a via hole; 53. a force measuring device; 6. a shellfish-attaching member; 61. a culture frame; 611. the feeding is open; 612. a sleeve; 6121. fixing the chute; 62. a frame cover; 621. a fixed tube; 63. an attachment member; 631. a first cultivation slice; 6311. a first fixed slide block; 632. a second cultivation slice; 6321. a second fixed slide block; 64. a partition plate; 7. and a small floating ball.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention.

In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 7, an outside island-reef sea area three-dimensional columnar fixed shellfish culture device includes a mooring rope 1, a plurality of columnar culture bodies and an anchor pile 2, and all the columnar culture bodies can be fixed in a deep sea water area by using the mooring rope 1 and the anchor pile 2, so that the whole device has good wind and wave resistance.

Preferably, the number of the columnar culture bodies is 10-50, and the distance between two adjacent columnar culture bodies is larger than half of the length of the columnar culture bodies. The anchor pile 2 can be bound by steel pipes, bamboo chips and the like, has the diameter of 30-50 cm and the length of 3-5 m, is vertically driven into the sea bottom and is connected with the mooring rope 1.

The whole device is arranged in the sea area near the external island, the water depth of the sea area near the external island is 20-40m, the flow rate is not more than 1.5 m/s, and typhoon with the level of 12 can be resisted by adopting the scheme.

The columnar breeding body provides an environment in which shellfish can be bred in deep sea water, and comprises a connecting pipe 3, a balancing weight 4, a large floating ball 5 and a shellfish attaching assembly 6, wherein a connecting rope 31 is arranged in the connecting pipe 3, a detachable guide pipe 32 is arranged on the outer wall of the connecting pipe 3 close to the top of the connecting pipe, a plurality of guide rings 321 matched with the fixing mooring rope 1 are arranged on the outer wall of the guide pipe 32, a connecting ring 41 used for fixedly connecting one end part of the connecting rope 31 is arranged at the top of the balancing weight 4, a plurality of through holes 42 for the fixing mooring rope 1 to pass through are arranged on the outer wall of the balancing weight 4, and a plurality of anti-skidding cones 43 are arranged at the bottom of the balancing weight 4 in order to provide stability of the balancing weight 4 after bottoming; in order to avoid the situation that the connecting pipe 3 is cracked at the joint of the connecting pipe 3 and the balancing weight 4, a notch is arranged at the top of the balancing weight 4, flexible rubber 44 is filled between the groove wall of the notch and the outer wall of the connecting pipe 3 close to the bottom of the notch, and the flexible rubber 44 is used for providing buffer for the joint of the connecting pipe 3 and the balancing weight 4; the shellfish attaching component 6 is provided with a plurality of shellfish attaching components, and the bottom of the shellfish attaching component 6 is provided with a small floating ball 7 for providing upward buffering force.

Preferably, the big floating ball 5 and the small floating ball 7 can be made of plastic or foam materials, and the big floating ball 5 and the small floating ball 7 can be arranged in a spherical shape or a cylindrical shape.

Preferably, the connecting pipe 3 should have a certain rigidity, that is, a certain rigidity of the connecting rope 31, which effectively prevents the small floating ball 7 and the shellfish attaching member 6 from collapsing due to gravity, especially tidal current. Preferably, the length of the connecting rope 31 is consistent with the depth of the small tide and high tide. The connecting rope 31 is just in a vertical state when the tide is high, and the large floating ball 5 floats on the water surface; when the tide level is lower than the small tide, the connecting rope 31 is in an inclined state, and the large floating ball 5 floats on the water surface; when the tide level is higher than the small tide, the connecting rope 31 is in a vertical state, and the large floating ball 5 sinks into the water, so that the large floating ball 5 can float on the water surface for a certain time every day, the daily management is convenient, the connecting rope 31 can be ensured to be relatively vertical, and the system is convenient to rigidly extend.

Preferably, the large floating ball 5 can be marked with scales, the water surface is observed to be positioned at the scales on the large floating ball 5 in the initial state during the flat tide, the settlement force borne by the large floating ball 5 is continuously increased along with the growth of the cultured shellfish, and then the water surface is observed to be positioned at the scales on the large floating ball 5 during the flat tide, so that the growth condition of the shellfish can be judged.

Further, set up connection pad 51 at the top of big floater 5, the bottom of connection pad 51 is equipped with ergograph 53, and the via hole 52 that supplies to connect rope 31 to pass is seted up at the middle part of big floater 5, and the aperture of via hole 52 is less than the diameter of connection pad 51, and ergograph 53 is connected with the other end of connecting rope 31, can let ergograph 53 detect the condition that corresponds column breed body settling force like this to learn the condition that corresponds the internal shellfish output of column breed.

The data measured by the force measuring device 53 can be transmitted into a computer through a wireless transmission technology, the growth rate of the cultured shellfish can be calculated according to a calculation formula, then the cultured shellfish can be harvested by a farmer according to a calculation structure, and the calculation formula for calculating the yield of the cultured shellfish is as follows:

K1=（L-L0）/t

K2=（1nN-LnN）/t

wherein K1 is absolute growth rate, K2 is specific growth rate, L and N both represent the average weight of the force measuring devices 53 cultured shellfish obtained by the current measurement, L0 and N0 represent the average weight of the force measuring devices 53 cultured shellfish obtained by the last measurement, and t is time.

The shellfish attaching assembly 6 provides a shellfish breeding area, the shellfish attaching assembly 6 comprises a breeding frame 61 and a frame cover 62, a feeding opening 611 is formed in the top of the breeding frame 61, a sleeve pipe 612 which is in sliding fit with the connecting pipe 3 is arranged in the breeding frame 61, a detachable attaching part 63 is arranged on the sleeve pipe 612, external threads are arranged on the outer wall of the top of the sleeve pipe 612, a fixing pipe 621 is arranged in the middle of the frame cover 62, internal threads which are matched with the external threads are arranged on the inner wall of the fixing pipe 621, and a plurality of water inlet holes are formed in the breeding frame 61 and the frame cover 62; breed frame 61 and frame cover 62 can assemble fast, and frame cover 62 can seal the feeding uncovered 611 of breeding frame 61, takes place the phenomenon of skidding when avoiding artifical the opening frame cover 62, consequently has set up anti-skidding line on the outer wall of fixed pipe 621.

Preferably, the cultivation frame 61 may be spherical or cylindrical.

Let shellfish adhere to it through attaching part 63, attaching part 63 can be one or also can be two, when attaching part 63 is one, attaching part 63 includes the first piece 631 of breeding of a plurality of, is equipped with a plurality of inlet opening on the first piece 631 of breeding, in order to improve the convenience of the first piece 631 of breeding of installing to sleeve pipe 612, consequently has set up first fixed slider 6311 in the bottom of first piece 631 of breeding, has seted up a plurality of fixed spout 6121 with first fixed slider 6311 complex on the outer wall of sleeve pipe 612.

Preferably, the first culturing section 631 has a rough surface, so that the young shellfish can be easily attached.

When the number of the attachment members 63 is two, a separation plate 64 is further disposed between the two attachment members 63, a plurality of water inlet holes are disposed on the separation plate 64, the separation plate 64 separates the interior of the cultivation frame 61 into an upper cultivation area and a lower cultivation area, and due to gravity, juvenile mollusks may concentrate on the lower cultivation area to attach, thereby affecting the growth of the mollusks, the attachment members 63 include a plurality of second cultivation pieces 632, the second cultivation pieces 632 are provided with a plurality of water inlet holes, in order to improve the convenience of mounting the second cultivation pieces 632 on the sleeve 612, the bottom of the second cultivation pieces 632 is provided with a second fixed slide block 6321, and the outer wall of the sleeve 612 is provided with a plurality of fixed sliding grooves 6121 matched with the second fixed slide block 6321.

Preferably, the second culture sheet 632 has a rough surface, so that young shellfish can be easily attached.

Preferably, the invention is applicable to all deep sea areas suitable for shellfish farming.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an outside island reef sea area three-dimensional column fixation shellfish increases breeds device, includes solid mooring rope (1), its characterized in that still includes body and anchor pile (2) are bred to a plurality of column, the body is bred to the column includes connecting pipe (3), balancing weight (4), big floater (5) and shellfish attached component (6), be equipped with in connecting pipe (3) and connect rope (31), be equipped with guiding tube (32) that can dismantle on the outer wall that connecting pipe (3) are close to its top, the outer wall of guiding tube (32) is equipped with a plurality of and solid mooring rope (1) complex guide ring (321), the top of balancing weight (4) is equipped with go-between (41) that are used for fixed connection rope (31) one end tip, be equipped with perforation (42) that a plurality of confession moored rope (1) passed on the outer wall of balancing weight (4), shellfish attached component (6) are equipped with a plurality of, shellfish attached component (6) are used for providing shellfish attached region, the bottom of shellfish attached component (6) is equipped with little (7) that are used for providing upward buffer power, connecting pipe (3) are the vertical fixing rope (5) is fixed on the balancing weight (4), connect the floater (5) and connect the connecting pipe (3) and connect big floater (3) and connect the connecting pipe (31) in order, the mooring rope (1) and the anchor pile (2) are matched to fix the whole device in the deep sea water area;

a notch is formed in the top of the balancing weight (4), the connecting ring (41) is located on the bottom of the notch, and flexible rubber (44) is filled between the groove wall of the notch and the outer wall, close to the bottom, of the connecting pipe (3);

a connecting disc (51) is arranged at the top of the large floating ball (5), a force measuring device (53) is arranged at the bottom of the connecting disc (51), a through hole (52) for the connecting rope (31) to pass through is formed in the middle of the large floating ball (5), the aperture of the through hole (52) is smaller than the diameter of the connecting disc (51), and the force measuring device (53) is connected with the end part of the other end of the connecting rope (31);

shellfish adheres to subassembly (6) including breeding frame (61) and frame cover (62), the top of breeding frame (61) is equipped with the uncovered (611) of feeding, be equipped with in breeding frame (61) with connecting pipe (3) sliding fit's sleeve pipe (612), be equipped with on sleeve pipe (612) and adhere to part (63) that can dismantle, be equipped with the external screw thread on the outer wall at sleeve pipe (612) top, frame cover (62) are used for sealing the uncovered (611) of feeding of breeding frame (61), the middle part of frame cover (62) is equipped with fixed pipe (621), be equipped with on the inner wall of fixed pipe (621) with external screw thread complex internal thread, all be equipped with a plurality of inlet opening on breeding frame (61) and frame cover (62).

2. The outside island reef sea area solid columnar sessile shellfish culture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: attach part (63) and be equipped with one, attach part (63) and include a plurality of first breed piece (631), be equipped with a plurality of inlet opening on first breed piece (631), all first breed pieces (631) are the connection of equidirectional angle on sleeve pipe (612).

3. The outside island reef sea area solid columnar sessile shellfish culture device of claim 2, which is characterized in that: the bottom of the first breeding piece (631) is provided with a first fixed sliding block (6311), and the outer wall of the sleeve (612) is provided with a plurality of fixed sliding grooves (6121) matched with the first fixed sliding block (6311).

4. The outside island reef sea area solid columnar sessile shellfish culture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: adhere to part (63) and be equipped with two, still be equipped with division board (64) between two parts (63) of adhering to, be equipped with a plurality of inlet opening on division board (64), division board (64) will breed frame (61) internal partitioning and go up breed district and breed district down, it breeds piece (632) including a plurality of second to adhere to part (63), be equipped with a plurality of inlet opening on second breed piece (632), all second breed pieces (632) are the angular connections such as being on sleeve pipe (612).

5. The outside island reef sea area solid column-shaped fixed shellfish culture device of claim 4, which is characterized in that: the bottom of second breed piece (632) is equipped with second fixed slider (6321), seted up a plurality of fixed spout (6121) with the fixed slider (6321) complex of second on the outer wall of sleeve pipe (612).

6. The outside island reef sea area solid columnar sessile shellfish culture device of claim 1, which is characterized in that: the outer wall of the fixed pipe (621) is provided with anti-skid grains.

7. The outside island reef sea area solid columnar sessile shellfish culture device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom of balancing weight (4) is equipped with a plurality of antiskid awl (43).