CN114552142B

CN114552142B - Main power switch and new energy vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN114552142B
Application number: CN202210180494.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘钊; 许丰; 王传义
Original assignee: Xuzhou Xugong Automobile Manufacturing Co ltd
Current assignee: Xuzhou Xugong Automobile Manufacturing Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-02-25
Filing date: 2022-02-25
Publication date: 2023-09-12
Anticipated expiration: 2042-02-25
Also published as: CN114552142A

Abstract

The application discloses a power supply main switch and a new energy vehicle, which relate to the field of automobile electrical appliances and are used for conveniently realizing emergency power taking. The power supply main switch comprises a shell component, a pole component, a contact assembly and an electricity taking component. The housing assembly has a mounting cavity. The pole assembly comprises a first pole and a second pole which are arranged separately; the first pole is installed on the shell component and is partially positioned in the installation cavity; the second pole is also mounted to the housing assembly and partially within the mounting cavity. The contact assembly is movably mounted in the mounting cavity, and the contact assembly has an electrical connection position and a disconnection position. The electricity taking component comprises an anode electricity taking part and a cathode electricity taking part; one end of the positive electrode electricity taking part is positioned in the installation cavity, and the other end of the positive electrode electricity taking part is positioned outside the installation cavity; the positive electrode electricity taking part is electrically connected with the second pole; the middle part of the negative electrode electricity taking part is positioned in the installation cavity, and the two ends of the negative electrode electricity taking part are positioned outside the installation cavity. The scheme can conveniently take electricity.

Description

Main power switch and new energy vehicle

Technical Field

The application relates to the field of automobile electrical appliances, in particular to a main power switch and a new energy vehicle.

Background

With the development of new energy technology, the engineering vehicle also starts to use a rechargeable battery. As vehicle emissions upgrade, aftertreatment devices are increasingly larger; meanwhile, the industry pursues ultra-long endurance, the volume of the oil tank is also larger and larger, the arrangement space of the storage batteries at two sides of the vehicle is occupied, and the storage batteries can only be arranged in a rear mode.

The inventors found that at least the following problems exist in the prior art: when the storage battery fails or is deficient, the carriage or the trailer blocks the storage battery and cannot be directly connected with an external power supply to start the vehicle, and at the moment, an anode-cathode electricity taking interface is required to be arranged on the outer side of the vehicle for emergency starting of the vehicle. The current vehicles all adopt the power main switch and the emergency power-taking interface to be arranged separately, and the arrangement difficulty is high and the arrangement cost is high because the space of the vehicles is very small.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a power supply main switch and a new energy vehicle, which are used for conveniently realizing emergency power taking.

The embodiment of the application provides a power supply main switch, which comprises:

a housing assembly having a mounting cavity;

a pole assembly including a first pole and a second pole arranged separately; the first pole is mounted on the shell assembly and is partially positioned in the mounting cavity; the second pole is also mounted to the housing assembly and is partially located in the mounting cavity;

a contact assembly movably mounted within the mounting cavity, the contact assembly having an electrical connection position and a separation position; when the contact assembly is at an electric connection position, the contact assembly is electrically connected with the first pole and the second pole so as to conduct the first pole and the second pole; when the contact assembly is in a separation position, the contact assembly is separated from the first pole and the second pole so as to disconnect the first pole and the second pole; and

the power taking assembly comprises an anode power taking part and a cathode power taking part; one end of the positive electrode electricity taking part is positioned in the installation cavity, and the other end of the positive electrode electricity taking part is positioned outside the installation cavity; the positive electrode electricity taking part is electrically connected with the second pole; the middle part of the negative electrode electricity taking part is positioned inside the installation cavity, and two ends of the negative electrode electricity taking part are positioned outside the installation cavity.

In some embodiments, the power master switch further comprises:

a drive mechanism movably mounted to the housing assembly; the driving mechanism is fixedly connected with the contact assembly so as to drive the contact assembly to switch between the electric connection position and the separation position.

In some embodiments, the drive mechanism comprises:

the handle is installed on the shell assembly through threaded connection and partially extends into the installation cavity;

one end of the first spring is fixedly connected with the handle, and the other end of the first spring abuts against the contact assembly; and

the second spring is positioned at one side of the contact assembly away from the first spring; one end of the second spring is connected with or abutted against the inner wall of the mounting cavity, and the other end of the second spring abuts against the contact assembly.

In some embodiments, the drive mechanism further comprises:

the knob is positioned between the handle and the first spring and is fixedly connected with the handle; and

the rotating shaft is positioned between the knob and the first spring and is in abutting connection or fixed connection with the first spring; the rotating shaft is provided with a groove, the knob is attached to the inner wall and the bottom wall of the groove, and the bottom wall is configured to be an inclined plane; the knob rotates along the inner wall of the rotating shaft and pushes the rotating shaft to move along the circumferential direction of the rotating shaft.

In some embodiments, the knob comprises:

the fixing part comprises fixing columns and fixing blocks positioned at two sides of the fixing columns; the fixed columns are fixedly connected with the fixed blocks; the fixed column is also fixedly connected with the handle; and

the clamping part comprises a support column and a clamping block positioned on the periphery of the support column; the clamping block is positioned in the groove and can rotate along the side wall of the groove; the support column is fixedly connected with the fixing part.

In some embodiments, the number of the clamping parts is two, and the two clamping parts are symmetrically distributed relative to the central axis of the support column; the grooves of the rotating shaft are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the clamping parts.

In some embodiments, a limiting boss is further provided on the inner wall of the groove of the rotation shaft to limit the rotation angle of the knob relative to the rotation shaft.

In some embodiments, the outer wall of the rotating shaft is provided with a first guide groove, and the inner part of the shell is provided with a first guide block; the first guide block is positioned in the first guide groove so as to play a role in guiding the movement of the rotating shaft along the axis direction of the rotating shaft.

In some embodiments, the number of first guide grooves is a plurality, each of the first guide grooves being uniformly distributed along the outer wall of the swivel; the first guide blocks are in one-to-one correspondence with the first guide grooves.

In some embodiments, the housing assembly comprises:

a first housing; and

the second shell is fixedly connected with the first shell, and the first shell and the second shell enclose a mounting cavity;

the positive electrode electricity taking part extends out of the mounting cavity from one side of the shell assembly, and the negative electrode electricity taking part extends out of the mounting cavity from one side and the other side of the shell assembly; the pole assembly extends from the other side of the housing assembly out of the mounting cavity.

In some embodiments, the housing assembly further comprises:

and a separation part fixed to the second housing, the first pole and the second pole being separated by the separation part.

In some embodiments, the portion of the negative electrode power take-off portion that is located outside the other side of the housing assembly is offset from the portion of the power take-off assembly that is located outside the other side of the housing assembly in the thickness direction of the housing assembly.

In some embodiments, the power master switch further comprises:

the positive electrode electricity taking part and the negative electrode electricity taking part are detachably sleeved on one side of the shell assembly.

In some embodiments, the insulating sleeve assembly includes:

the sleeving part is sleeved on the outer side of the handle in a sliding manner and comprises a first extending end and a second extending end;

the first insulation sleeve is fixed at the first extending end of the first extending end; and

the second insulation sleeve is fixed at the second extending end of the second extending end;

the sleeving part is provided with a first insulating sleeve and a second insulating sleeve, the first insulating sleeve and the second insulating sleeve are moved along the handle, so that the first insulating sleeve is sleeved on the positive electrode electricity taking part and is separated from the positive electrode electricity taking part to be switched, and the second insulating sleeve is sleeved on the negative electrode electricity taking part and is separated from the negative electrode electricity taking part to be switched.

In some embodiments, a second guide groove is arranged on the outer side of the handle, and a second guide block is correspondingly arranged on the outer wall of the sleeving part; when the insulating sleeve component is positioned at a position sleeved on the positive electrode electricity taking part and the negative electrode electricity taking part, the second guide block is positioned in the second guide groove; when the insulating sleeve component is not positioned at the position where the positive electrode electricity taking part and the negative electrode electricity taking part are sleeved, the second guide block is staggered with the second guide groove.

In some embodiments, the first housing and the second housing are both made of an insulating material.

In some embodiments, the power master switch further comprises:

the positive electrode electricity taking part comprises a main body and a boss, and the boss is positioned on the surface of the main body; the electric connecting sheet is clamped between the boss and the second shell; the edge of the electric connection sheet is electrically connected with the second pole.

In some embodiments, the positive and negative powered portions are different in size and/or different in shape.

The embodiment of the application also provides a new energy vehicle, which comprises the power supply main switch provided by any technical scheme of the application.

In some embodiments, the new energy vehicle further comprises:

the negative electrode electricity taking part of the power supply main switch is in metal contact with the metal part of the frame; and

a battery including a positive electrode and a negative electrode; the negative electrode electricity taking part of the power supply main switch is electrically connected with the frame, the first pole column is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the storage battery, and the second pole column is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the storage battery.

The power supply main switch provided by the technical scheme comprises a first pole and a second pole, wherein the first pole is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the storage battery of the new energy vehicle, and the second pole is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the storage battery of the new energy vehicle. The first pole and the second pole are switched between an electrical connection position and a separation position by the position movement of the contact assembly. Because the positive electrode electricity taking part is always electrically connected with the second pole, electricity can be taken from the new energy vehicle under the emergency condition without arranging other external electric interfaces. The first pole, the second pole, the positive electrode electricity taking part and the negative electrode electricity taking part are all arranged on the first shell and the second shell.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and do not constitute a limitation on the application. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a power main switch according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a front view structure of a power main switch according to an embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 2.

Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of B-B of fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a knob of a power master switch according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a front view of a knob of a power master switch according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 7 is a schematic side view of a knob of a power master switch according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a top view of a knob of a power master switch according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a knob bottom view of a power master switch according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a structure of a rotary shaft and a bottom view of a power master switch according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a front view of a rotating shaft of a power main switch according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a side view of a rotation axis of a main switch of a power supply according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a top view of a rotation axis of a power master switch according to an embodiment of the present application.

Reference numerals:

1. a housing assembly; 2. a pole assembly; 3. a contact assembly; 4. an electricity taking component; 5. a driving mechanism; 6. an insulating sleeve assembly; 7. an electrical connection piece; 8. a lock nut; 9. a zigzag gasket; 10. an insert;

11. a mounting cavity; 12. a first guide block; 13. a first housing; 14. a second housing; 15. an isolation part;

141. a boss;

21. a first pole; 22. a second post;

41. a positive electrode electricity taking part; 42. a negative electrode electricity taking part;

411. a main body; 412. a boss;

51. a handle; 52. a first spring; 53. a second spring; 54. a knob; 55. a rotating shaft; 56. a pushing block;

511. a second guide groove;

541. a fixing part; 542. an engagement portion;

541a, fixing posts; 541b, a fixed block;

542a, support columns; 542b, engagement blocks;

551. a groove; 552. a first guide groove;

551a, limit boss;

561. positioning columns; 562. a concave portion;

61. a socket joint part; 62. a first insulating sleeve; 63. and a second insulating sleeve.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme provided by the application is described in more detail below with reference to fig. 1 to 13.

The embodiment of the application provides a power supply main switch which comprises a shell component 1, a pole component 2, a contact assembly 3 and a power taking component 4.

The housing assembly 1 has a mounting cavity 11. The housing assembly 1 is the mounting base for the other components. The housing assembly 1 may be made of a metallic material and then covered with a layer of insulating material on both the inner and outer surfaces. Alternatively, the housing assembly 1 is made of an insulating material such as polytetrafluoroethylene, sheet epoxy, resin, or the like.

In some embodiments, the housing assembly 1 includes a first housing 13 and a second housing 14. The first housing 13 and the second housing 14 are fixedly connected, specifically both are connected by bolts. The first housing 13 and the second housing 14 enclose a mounting cavity 11. The first housing 13 and the second housing 14 may be made of metal materials, and then both the inner surface and the outer surface are covered with insulating material layers to insulate the first housing 13 and the second housing 14 from other components, so that neither the first housing 13 nor the second housing 14 is conductive to other components. Alternatively, the first housing 13 and the second housing 14 are made of an insulating material such as polytetrafluoroethylene, a sheet epoxy resin, a resin, or the like. The materials of the first housing 13 and the second housing 14 may be the same or different. For example, the first housing 13 is made of a metal material and the surface is covered with a layer of insulating material, and the second housing 14 is made of an insulating material. Or vice versa. Alternatively, the first housing 13 and the second housing 14 are made of different insulating materials.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the pole assembly 2 includes a first pole 21 and a second pole 22 that are separately arranged; the first pole 21 is mounted to the housing assembly 1 and is partially located in the mounting cavity 11; a second pole 22 is also mounted to the housing assembly 1 and is partially located in the mounting cavity 11.

Specifically, the first pole 21 is fixedly connected with the second housing 14, and is partially located in the mounting cavity 11, specifically, the first pole 21 is fixedly connected with the second housing 14 by injection molding. The second pole 22 is fixedly connected with the second housing 14 and is partially located in the mounting cavity 11, specifically, the second pole 22 is also fixedly connected with the second housing 14 by injection molding.

The contact assembly 3 is movably mounted in the mounting cavity 11. The contact assembly 3 has an electrical connection position and a disconnection position. When the contact assembly 3 is at the electrical connection position, the contact assembly 3 is electrically connected to the first pole 21 and the second pole 22 to conduct the first pole 21 and the second pole 22. When the contact assembly 3 is in the separated position, the contact assembly 3 is separated from both the first pole 21 and the second pole 22 to disconnect the first pole 21 and the second pole 22. The moving modes of the contact assembly 3 are various, and a mechanical control mechanism and an electric control mechanism can be adopted. How the movement of the contact assembly 3 is achieved will be described in detail later.

In some embodiments, the mains switch further comprises a drive mechanism 5. The drive mechanism 5 is movably mounted to the housing assembly 1. The driving mechanism 5 is fixedly connected with the contact assembly 3 to drive the contact assembly 3 to switch between an electrical connection position and a separation position. The driving mechanism 5 adopts a mechanical movement mode, so that the control is simpler and the operation is convenient. For the power switch assembly, the size of the structure is very small, excessive arrangement space is not needed, and under the premise, the mechanical driving mechanism 5 is adopted, so that on one hand, the integration degree of the power switch assembly is improved, and on the other hand, enough installation space is provided for the arrangement of the power taking component 4, so that the integration degree of the power master switch is further improved, the functions of the power master switch are expanded, and the application scene of the energy vehicle where the power master switch is located is further expanded.

In some embodiments, the drive mechanism 5 includes a handle 51, a first spring 52, and a second spring 53.

Referring to fig. 1 and 3, a handle 51 is mounted to the housing assembly 1 by a threaded connection and extends partially into the mounting cavity 11. The handle 51 is inserted and is simpler to operate. The portion of the handle 51 located outside the mounting chamber 11 is designed to be easily grasped in a grip-like structure and is bent toward the side of the handle 51. The part is also provided with a weight-reducing through hole, which is convenient for holding by hand on one hand so as to rotate the handle 51 and further change the working state of the contact assembly 3; on the other hand, the integration degree of the power supply main switch is high, and the operation is convenient.

The first spring 52 is located entirely within the mounting cavity 11. One end of the first spring 52 is fixedly connected with the handle 51, and the other end of the first spring 52 abuts against the contact assembly 3. The first spring 52 is, for example, a compression spring.

The second spring 53 is also located entirely in the mounting cavity 11. The second spring 53 is located on the side of the contact assembly 3 remote from the first spring 52. One end of the second spring 53 is connected or abutted with the inner wall of the mounting cavity 11, and the other end of the second spring 53 abuts against the contact assembly 3. The second spring 53 is also, for example, a compression spring.

With continued reference to fig. 1, 3, and 4, in some embodiments, the drive mechanism 5 further includes a knob 54 and a swivel 55. The knob 54 is located between the handle 51 and the first spring 52, and the knob 54 is fixedly connected with the handle 51. The rotating shaft 55 is positioned between the knob 54 and the first spring 52, and the rotating shaft 55 is in abutting connection or fixed connection with the first spring 52; the rotation shaft 55 is provided with a groove 551, the knob 54 is attached to the inner wall and the bottom wall of the groove 551, and the bottom wall is configured as an inclined plane; wherein, the knob 54 rotates along the inner wall of the rotation shaft 55, which pushes the rotation shaft 55 to move along the circumferential direction thereof.

Referring to fig. 5-9, knob 54 is generally cylindrical and is divided into upper and lower sections. The upper part is a fixing part 541, and the knob 54 is fixed to the handle 51 by the fixing part 541. The lower part is an engaging part 542, and the knob 54 is engaged with the rotation shaft 55 by the opening and closing part, so that the rotation of the knob 54 is converted into linear movement of the rotation shaft 55 along the axis direction thereof. The linear motion of the rotation shaft 55 pushes the contact assembly 3 to move, so that the contact assembly 3 can be switched between the electrical connection position and the separation position.

Specifically, the fixing portion 541 includes a fixing column 541a and fixing blocks 541b located on both sides of the fixing column 541 a; the fixed columns 541a are fixedly connected to the respective fixed blocks 541b; the fixed column 541a is also fixedly coupled to the handle 51. The engaging portion 542 includes a support column 542a and an engaging block 542b located in the circumferential direction of the support column 542 a; the clamping block 542b is located in the groove 551 and can rotate along the side wall of the groove 551; the support column 542a is fixedly connected to the fixing portion 541.

In some embodiments, the number of the engaging portions 542 is two, and the two engaging portions 542 are symmetrically distributed with respect to the central axis of the supporting column 542 a; the grooves 551 of the rotation shaft 55 are disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the engaging portions 542. The two symmetrical engaging portions 542 are provided, so that the action areas of the knob 54 and the rotation shaft 55 are larger and more uniform, the linear movement of the rotation shaft 55 is more stable, and the situations of large side displacement and small side displacement are not easy to occur.

In some embodiments, the inner wall of the groove 551 of the rotation shaft 55 is further provided with a limiting boss 551a to limit the rotation angle of the knob 54 relative to the rotation shaft 55. Through the rotation angle of the accurate control knob 54 of structural design, alleviateed operating personnel's operation burden for operating personnel can the accurate control swivel 55 angle of swivel 55, and then the displacement volume of accurate control contact assembly 3.

When the first pole 21 and the second pole 22 need to be conducted, the movement process of the contact assembly 3 is as follows: the handle 51 is turned. The knob 54 is fixedly connected to the handle 51, i.e. the knob 54 is fixedly connected to the end of the handle 51 inserted into the first housing 13, and the knob 54 rotates synchronously with the handle 51. The top of the rotation shaft 55 is in contact with the knob 54, and the knob 54 can push the rotation shaft 55 to move axially, and the lower part of the rotation shaft 55 is kept in contact with the first spring 52. The rotation shaft 55 moves along the axis direction of the rotation shaft, so that the contact assembly 3 is pushed to move towards the first pole 21 and the second pole 22 until the contact assembly 3 abuts against the first pole 21 and the second pole 22. Thereafter, with continued rotation of the knob 54, the rotation shaft 55 continues to move axially, and the first spring 52 compresses the contact assembly 3. When the handle 51 stops rotating, the knob 54 contacts with the limit boss 551a of the rotation shaft 55, and both are locked. The second spring 53 on the other side of the contact assembly 3 is compressively deformed by the contact assembly 3 during movement of the contact assembly 3 toward the first and second poles 21 and 22.

The first pole 21 and the second pole 22 are conducted through the contact assembly 3, and the power supply main switch is conducted. The first pole column 21 is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the storage battery of the new energy vehicle, and the second pole column 22 supplies power to the starter and the whole vehicle electric appliance. Since the second pole 22 is electrically connected to the positive electrode power taking portion 41, an external electric appliance can take power from the positive electrode power taking portion 41.

When it is desired to disconnect the first pole 21 and the second pole 22, the handle 51 is turned in the off direction. The handle 51 drives the knob 54 to leave the rotating shaft 55, and the first spring 52 is not pressed any more and gradually returns to the original state. The forces exerted by the first spring 52 and the second spring 53 on the spindle 55 and the contact assembly 3 are no longer balanced, and the restoring force exerted by the second spring 53 pushes the contact assembly 3 away from the first pole 21 and the second pole 22. The positive electrode electricity taking part 41 is not electrified, so that the effect of breaking the whole vehicle is achieved.

In order to make the contact between the contact assembly 3 and the second spring 53 more reliable, in some embodiments, the driving mechanism 5 further includes a pushing block 56, where the pushing block 56 is provided with a positioning column 561 for sleeving the second spring 53, and the positioning column 561 has a recess 562 in a circumferential direction. One end of the second spring 53 is sleeved on the positioning column 561, and the other end abuts against the inner wall of the second housing 14.

Referring to fig. 1-3, in some embodiments, the housing assembly 1 further includes a spacer 15, the spacer 15 being secured to the second housing 14, the first pole 21 and the second pole 22 being separated by the spacer 15.

The spacer 15 is, for example, a plate, and a spacer 15 is provided between the first pole 21 and the second pole 22. A spacer 15 is also provided on the side of the first pole 21 remote from the second pole 22.

The negative electrode power taking portion 42 described later is located closer to the second pole 22 and farther from the first pole 21. Since the negative electrode power taking portion 42 needs to be connected to the frame of the new energy vehicle, the isolation portion 15 is not provided on the side of the second pole 22 away from the first pole 21. On the one hand, the design makes the first pole column 21 and the second pole column 22 far away and separated as far as possible so as to ensure the use safety. On the other hand, the installation of the negative electrode power taking part 42 is not affected, and a convenient installation environment is provided for the negative electrode power taking part 42.

With continued reference to fig. 1-4, the power take-off assembly 4 includes a positive power take-off 41 and a negative power take-off 42. One end of the positive electrode electricity taking part 41 is positioned inside the installation cavity 11, and the other end is positioned outside the installation cavity 11; the positive electrode power taking portion 41 is electrically connected to the second post 22. The middle part of the negative electrode electricity taking part 42 is positioned inside the installation cavity 11, and two ends of the negative electrode electricity taking part 42 are positioned outside the installation cavity 11.

The positive electrode power taking part 41 and the negative electrode power taking part 42 are fixed on the second casing 14 through injection molding, and the positive electrode power taking part 41 is in metal contact with the second pole 22 through a connecting sheet, namely the positive electrode power taking part 41 and the second pole 22 are normally on. When the second pole 22 is disconnected from the first pole 21, the positive electrode power taking portion 41 is also in a power-off state. The negative electrode electricity taking part 42 penetrates through the installation cavity 11, namely, two ends of the negative electrode electricity taking part 42 are located outside the installation cavity 11.

The back side of the negative electrode electricity taking part 42 is fixed on the frame or the metal plate through a locking nut and a zigzag gasket. The zigzag gasket punctures the metal surface paint layer in the assembly process, and is conducted with the negative electrode of the storage battery through the frame bonding, so that the negative electrode electricity taking part 42 is always grounded. The interface on the outside of the negative electrode power taking part 42 serves as an external power taking negative electrode.

The whole power supply main switch is also fixed on the whole vehicle through a lock nut and a mounting hole insert of the negative electrode electricity taking part 42.

In some embodiments, the outer wall of the swivel 55 is provided with a first guide slot 552 and the interior of the housing is provided with a first guide block 12; the first guide block 12 is located in the first guide groove 552 to guide the movement of the rotation shaft 55 in the own axis direction.

The first guide groove 552 is specifically a linear groove. Referring to fig. 10, a process hole is formed in the outer wall of the rotation shaft 55, and the process hole is communicated with the groove 551.

In some embodiments, the number of first guide grooves 552 is a plurality, each first guide groove 552 being evenly distributed along the outer wall of the swivel 55; the first guide blocks 12 are in one-to-one correspondence with the first guide grooves 552.

As shown in fig. 10 and 13, four first guide grooves 552 are provided along the axial direction of the rotation shaft 55, and the four first guide grooves 552 are distributed at intervals of 90 °. Correspondingly, each first guide groove 552 corresponds to one first guide block 12.

The position of the pole assembly 2 and the power take-off assembly 4 relative to the mounting cavity 11 is described below.

Referring to fig. 1, 3 and 4, the positive electrode power taking part 41 protrudes from one side of the housing assembly 1 through the mounting cavity 11, and the negative electrode power taking part 42 protrudes from both one side and the other side of the housing assembly 1 through the mounting cavity 11; the pole assembly 2 protrudes from the other side of the housing assembly 1 through the mounting cavity 11.

The arrangement is such that the portion to be operated later is on the same side as the handle and the portion to be kept connected to the frame and the battery is on the other side, and this side is not leaking during use of the mains switch and is closed.

With continued reference to fig. 1, 3 and 4, in some embodiments, the portion of the negative powered portion 42 that is located on the other side of the housing assembly 1 is offset from the portion of the powered assembly 4 that is located on the other side of the housing assembly 1 in the thickness direction of the housing assembly 1.

In some embodiments, the power main switch further comprises an insulating sleeve assembly 6, and the insulating sleeve assembly 6 is detachably sleeved on one side part of the shell assembly 1 of the positive electrode power taking part 41 and the negative electrode power taking part 42.

Referring to fig. 1 and 4, the positive electrode power take-off portion 41 has only one end extending out of the mounting cavity 11, and the end is sleeved with the insulating sleeve member 6. The part of the positive electrode power taking part 41 extending out of the mounting cavity 11 is positioned on the same side as the handle 51 by taking the mounting cavity 11 as a boundary. Both ends of the negative electrode power taking part 42 extend out of the mounting cavity 11, but only one end on the side of the handle 51 is sleeved with the insulating sleeve assembly 6. The other end of the negative electrode power taking part 42 is positioned in a region which is not contacted by an operator in the use process, and the part is connected with the frame through a connecting piece such as a lock nut, so that the part is not sleeved with the insulating sleeve assembly 6.

The insulating sleeve assembly 6 is integrated and can cover the positive electrode power taking part 41 and the negative electrode power taking part 42. The positive electrode electricity taking part 41 and the negative electrode electricity taking part 42 are protected through the integrated insulating sleeve assembly 6, and the insulating sleeve assembly 6 is embedded into the handle 51 to prevent falling.

Referring to fig. 1, 3 and 4, in some embodiments, the insulating sleeve assembly 6 includes a socket 61, a first insulating sleeve 62, and a second insulating sleeve 63. The sleeve portion 61 is slidably sleeved on the outer side of the handle 51, and the sleeve portion 61 includes a first protruding end 611 and a second protruding end 612. The first insulating sleeve 62 is fixed to the first protruding end 611. The second insulating sleeve 63 is fixed to the second protruding end 612. The sleeve connection portion 61 moves along the handle 51 with the first insulating sleeve 62 and the second insulating sleeve 63, so that the first insulating sleeve 62 switches between covering the positive electrode power taking portion 41 and leaving the positive electrode power taking portion 41, and the second insulating sleeve 63 switches between covering the negative electrode power taking portion 42 and leaving the negative electrode power taking portion 42.

When the insulating sleeve assembly 6 is positioned at the position covering the positive electrode power taking part 41 and the negative electrode power taking part 42, the insulating sleeve assembly 6 is tightly attached to the outer side surface of the first shell 13, and at least the surface of the first shell 13 is insulating, so that the insulating sleeve assembly has a good protective effect.

When the insulating sleeve assembly 6 is at a position away from the positive electricity taking part 41 and the negative electricity taking part 42, the insulating sleeve assembly 6 is away from the positive electricity taking part 41 and the negative electricity taking part 42, as shown in fig. 1.

With continued reference to fig. 1, in some embodiments, the outer side of the handle 51 is provided with a second guide groove, and the outer wall of the socket 61 is correspondingly provided with a second guide block. When the insulating sleeve assembly 6 is positioned at the position of sleeving the positive electrode power taking part 41 and the negative electrode power taking part 42, the second guide block is positioned in the second guide groove. When the insulating sleeve assembly 6 is not positioned at the position of sleeving the positive electrode power taking part 41 and the negative electrode power taking part 42, the second guide block is staggered with the second guide groove.

In some embodiments, the positive power take-off 41 and the negative power take-off 42 are different in size. And/or the positive electrode power taking portion 41 and the negative electrode power taking portion 42 are different in shape.

Specifically, the positive electrode power taking part 41 and the negative electrode power taking part 42 of the power supply main switch respectively adopt different pole specifications to prevent reverse connection, and the periphery of the pole is stamped with "+" - "symbols to prompt so as to prevent wrong connection of the positive electrode and the negative electrode. The positive electrode electricity taking part 41 and the negative electrode electricity taking part 42 are respectively provided with two grooves 551, so that the conductive area is larger in order to be suitable for the specification of a market power clamp, and the grooves 551 are matched with the insulating sleeve assembly 6 to prevent the insulating sleeve assembly 6 from falling off.

In some embodiments, the power supply main switch further comprises an electric connection sheet 7, the electric connection sheet 7 is located inside the installation cavity 11, the positive electrode power taking part 41 comprises a main body 411 and a boss 412, and the boss 412 is located on the surface of the main body 411; the electric connecting sheet 7 is clamped between the boss 412 and the second shell 14; the edge of the electrical connection pad 7 is electrically connected to the second post 22.

Referring to fig. 3, the positive electrode power taking portion 41 is provided with a plurality of bosses 411 along its outer circumferential surface in the axial direction, one of which is fitted with the boss 141 of the inner wall of the second casing 14 to sandwich the electric connection piece 7. It is also possible to fix the electrical connection piece 7 directly to the projection 141 of the inner wall of the second housing 14 by injection molding or other means. Thus, the electric connection piece 7 can play a role in installing and positioning the positive electrode electricity taking part 41, so that the positive electrode electricity taking part 41 can be positioned and installed more accurately.

The working conditions of the power supply main switch are described below.

The first working condition is that the external electric appliance takes power from the main power switch. The external electric appliance is connected with the positive electrode power taking port. The following operations are then performed on the mains switch: the handle 51 is turned to a position where the contact assembly 3 contacts the first pole 21 and the second pole 22, and the first pole 21 and the second pole 22 are turned on, i.e. the handle 51 is opened. The current of the battery flows to the second pole 22 via the first pole 21, and then flows to the positive electrode power taking portion 41 via the second pole 22, thereby completing power taking.

The second working condition is that the power is supplied to the starter and the electric device on the new energy vehicle from the main power switch. The starter and the electrical device remain electrically connected to the second pole 22. The handle 51 is turned to a position where the contact assembly 3 contacts the first pole 21 and the second pole 22, and the first pole 21 and the second pole 22 are turned on, i.e. the handle 51 is opened. The current of the storage battery flows to the second pole 22 through the first pole 21, and then flows to the starter and the electric device through the second pole 22, completing the power supply.

The first working condition and the second working condition can exist at the same time or alternatively exist.

The third working condition is that an external power supply is adopted to supply power to a starter and an electric device on the new energy vehicle. The handle 51 is now in the closed position. An external power source is electrically connected to the positive electrode power taking portion 41. The current supplied from the external power supply flows to the second pole 22 via the positive electrode power taking portion 41, and flows to the starter and the electric device on the new energy vehicle via the second pole 22.

The fourth working condition is that an external power supply is adopted to charge a storage battery on the new energy vehicle, and the situation occurs when the storage battery fails or is deficient in power. The handle 51 is now in the open position. An external power source is electrically connected to the positive electrode power taking portion 41. The current supplied from the external power supply flows to the second pole 22 via the positive electrode power taking portion 41, flows to the first pole 21 via the second pole 22, and then flows to the positive electrode of the battery electrically connected to the first pole 21.

According to the power supply main switch provided by the technical scheme, the first pole column 21, the second pole column 22, the positive electrode power taking part 41 and the negative electrode power taking part 42 are integrated into a whole, so that the integration degree is high, the structure is compact, the whole vehicle arrangement space is saved, the problem of difficult emergency power taking is solved, thicker and longer external power supply lines are omitted, loop connection points are reduced, the cost is reduced, the reliability of the whole vehicle is improved, and the whole vehicle cost is greatly reduced; in addition, no additional support and power line are needed, insulation protection is not needed for the support, and the cost is greatly reduced; in addition, the power supply main switch has a series of advantages of accurate installation, accurate control, convenient and reliable operation and the like.

In some embodiments, the new energy vehicle further comprises a frame and a battery. The negative electricity taking part 42 of the main power switch is in metal contact with the metal part of the frame. The storage battery comprises a positive electrode and a negative electrode; the negative electrode electricity taking part 42 of the power supply main switch is electrically connected with the frame, the first pole column 21 is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the storage battery, and the second pole column 22 is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the storage battery.

In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present application and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the protection of the present application.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and are not limiting; although the application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may be modified or some technical features may be replaced with others, which may not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A mains switch, comprising:

a housing assembly (1) having a mounting cavity (11);

a pole assembly (2) comprising a first pole (21) and a second pole (22) arranged separately; the first pole (21) is mounted to the housing assembly (1) and is partially located in the mounting cavity (11); the second pole (22) is also mounted to the housing assembly (1) and is partially located in the mounting cavity (11);

a contact assembly (3) movably mounted in the mounting cavity (11), the contact assembly (3) having an electrical connection position and a disconnection position; when the contact assembly (3) is at an electric connection position, the contact assembly (3) is electrically connected with the first pole (21) and the second pole (22) so as to conduct the first pole (21) and the second pole (22); when the contact assembly (3) is in a separation position, the contact assembly (3) is separated from the first pole (21) and the second pole (22) so as to disconnect the first pole (21) and the second pole (22);

the electricity taking assembly (4) comprises an anode electricity taking part (41) and a cathode electricity taking part (42); one end of the positive electrode electricity taking part (41) is positioned in the installation cavity (11), and the other end of the positive electrode electricity taking part is positioned outside the installation cavity (11); the positive electrode electricity taking part (41) is electrically connected with the second pole (22); the middle part of the negative electrode electricity taking part (42) is positioned in the installation cavity (11), and both ends of the negative electrode electricity taking part (42) are positioned outside the installation cavity (11); and

a drive mechanism (5) movably mounted to the housing assembly (1); the driving mechanism (5) is fixedly connected with the contact assembly (3) so as to drive the contact assembly (3) to switch between the electric connection position and the separation position.

2. A mains switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive mechanism (5) comprises:

a handle (51) which is mounted on the housing assembly (1) by means of a threaded connection and which extends partially into the mounting cavity (11);

a first spring (52), one end of which is fixedly connected with the handle (51) and the other end of which abuts against the contact assembly (3); and

a second spring (53) located on a side of the contact assembly (3) remote from the first spring (52); one end of the second spring (53) is connected with or abutted against the inner wall of the mounting cavity (11), and the other end of the second spring (53) abuts against the contact assembly (3).

3. The mains switch according to claim 2, characterized in that the drive mechanism (5) further comprises:

a knob (54) located between the handle (51) and the first spring (52), the knob (54) being fixedly connected with the handle (51); and

the rotating shaft (55) is positioned between the knob (54) and the first spring (52), and the rotating shaft (55) is in abutting connection or fixed connection with the first spring (52); the rotating shaft (55) is provided with a groove (551), the knob (54) is attached to the inner wall and the bottom wall of the groove (551), and the bottom wall is configured as an inclined plane; wherein, the knob (54) rotates along the inner wall of the rotating shaft (55), and the rotating shaft (55) is pushed to move along the circumferential direction.

4. A mains switch according to claim 3, characterized in that the knob (54) comprises:

a fixing part (541) including a fixing column (541 a) and fixing blocks (541 b) located at both sides of the fixing column (541 a); the fixed columns (541 a) are fixedly connected with the fixed blocks (541 b); the fixed column (541 a) is also fixedly connected with the handle (51); and

an engagement section (542) that includes a support column (542 a) and an engagement block (542 b) located in the circumferential direction of the support column (542 a); the clamping block (542 b) is positioned in a groove (551) of the rotating shaft (55) and can rotate along the side wall of the groove (551); the support column (542 a) is fixedly connected with the fixing portion (541).

5. The power master switch according to claim 4, wherein the number of the engaging portions (542) is two, and the two engaging portions (542) are symmetrically distributed with respect to a central axis of the support column (542 a); the grooves (551) of the rotation shaft (55) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the clamping parts (542).

6. A mains switch according to claim 3, characterized in that the inner wall of the groove (551) of the rotation shaft (55) is further provided with a limit boss (551 a) to limit the rotation angle of the knob (54) with respect to the rotation shaft (55).

7. A mains switch according to claim 3, characterized in that the outer wall of the swivel (55) is provided with a first guide groove (552), the interior of the housing being provided with a first guide block (12); the first guide block (12) is located in the first guide groove (552) to guide the movement of the rotation shaft (55) in the direction of the axis thereof.

8. The total power switch of claim 7, wherein the number of first guide grooves (552) is plural, each first guide groove (552) being uniformly distributed along an outer wall of the swivel (55); the first guide blocks (12) are in one-to-one correspondence with the first guide grooves (552).

9. The mains switch according to claim 2, characterized in that the housing assembly (1) comprises:

a first housing (13); and

the second shell (14) is fixedly connected with the first shell (13), and the first shell (13) and the second shell (14) enclose a mounting cavity (11);

wherein the positive electrode electricity taking part (41) extends out of the mounting cavity (11) from one side of the shell assembly (1), and the negative electrode electricity taking part (42) extends out of the mounting cavity (11) from one side and the other side of the shell assembly (1); the pole assembly (2) protrudes from the other side of the housing assembly (1) from the mounting cavity (11).

10. The mains switch according to claim 9, characterized in that the housing assembly (1) further comprises:

and a spacer (15) fixed to the second housing (14), wherein the first pole (21) and the second pole (22) are separated by the spacer (15).

11. The total power switch according to claim 9, characterized in that in the thickness direction of the housing assembly (1), the portion of the negative electricity taking portion (42) located outside the other side of the housing assembly (1) is offset from the portion of the electricity taking assembly (4) located outside the other side of the housing assembly (1).

12. The power master switch as claimed in claim 9, further comprising:

the insulation sleeve component (6), the positive electrode electricity taking part (41) and the negative electrode electricity taking part (42) are both detachably sleeved with the insulation sleeve component (6) at one side part of the shell component (1).

13. The mains switch according to claim 12, characterized in that the insulating sleeve assembly (6) comprises:

the sleeving part (61) is sleeved on the outer side of the handle (51) in a sliding manner, and the sleeving part (61) comprises a first extending end (611) and a second extending end (612);

a first insulating sleeve (62) fixed to the first protruding end (611); and

a second insulating sleeve (63) fixed to the second protruding end (612);

wherein, cup joint portion (61) carry first insulating cover (62) with second insulating cover (63) is along handle (51) is removed, so that first insulating cover (62) is in the cover positive pole get electric portion (41) and leave positive pole get electric portion (41) switch, second insulating cover (63) cover negative pole get electric portion (42) and leave negative pole get electric portion (42) switch.

14. The power supply main switch according to claim 13, characterized in that a second guide groove is arranged on the outer side of the handle (51), and a second guide block is correspondingly arranged on the outer wall of the sleeving part (61); when the insulating sleeve assembly (6) is positioned at a position sleeved with the positive electrode electricity taking part (41) and the negative electrode electricity taking part (42), the second guide block is positioned in the second guide groove; when the insulating sleeve assembly (6) is not positioned at the position where the positive electrode electricity taking part (41) and the negative electrode electricity taking part (42) are sleeved, the second guide block is staggered with the second guide groove.

15. The mains switch according to claim 9, characterized in that the first housing (13) and the second housing (14) are both made of insulating material.

16. The power master switch as claimed in claim 9, further comprising:

the electric connection piece (7) is positioned in the mounting cavity (11), the positive electrode electricity taking part (41) comprises a main body and a boss, and the boss is positioned on the surface of the main body; the electric connecting sheet (7) is clamped between the boss and the second shell (14); the edge of the electric connection piece (7) is electrically connected with the second pole (22).

17. The power supply main switch according to claim 1, characterized in that the positive electrode power taking portion (41) and the negative electrode power taking portion (42) are different in size and/or the shapes of the positive electrode power taking portion (41) and the negative electrode power taking portion (42) are different.

18. A new energy vehicle, characterized by comprising: the mains switch of any one of claims 1 to 17.

19. The new energy vehicle of claim 18, further comprising:

the negative electrode electricity taking part (42) of the power supply main switch is in metal contact with a metal part of the frame; and

a battery including a positive electrode and a negative electrode; the negative pole electricity taking part (42) of the power supply main switch is electrically conducted with the frame, the first pole column (21) is electrically connected with the positive pole of the storage battery, and the second pole column (22) is electrically connected with the negative pole of the storage battery.