CN114551962A - High-capacity and high-safety battery structure - Google Patents
High-capacity and high-safety battery structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN114551962A CN114551962A CN202111674235.5A CN202111674235A CN114551962A CN 114551962 A CN114551962 A CN 114551962A CN 202111674235 A CN202111674235 A CN 202111674235A CN 114551962 A CN114551962 A CN 114551962A
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
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- WVSNNWIIMPNRDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-dodecafluorohexan-2-one Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F WVSNNWIIMPNRDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- QQZOPKMRPOGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxohexane Chemical compound CCCCC(C)=O QQZOPKMRPOGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
- H01M10/0413—Large-sized flat cells or batteries for motive or stationary systems with plate-like electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M10/4257—Smart batteries, e.g. electronic circuits inside the housing of the cells or batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/486—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for measuring temperature
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/659—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by heat storage or buffering, e.g. heat capacity or liquid-solid phase changes or transition
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/317—Re-sealable arrangements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a high-capacity and high-safety battery structure, wherein the interior of a battery is divided into 10 pole groups, each pole group is provided with an independent supporting structure, a flow channel and a current collector and is positioned in the same electrolyte environment, the output of each pole group is finally collected to the total positive pole and the total negative pole of the battery through a bus, a multi-stage protective layer is arranged, a phase-change heat-absorbing fire-extinguishing material is filled in each pole group, each pole group is provided with a plurality of temperature sensors and gas sensors, and an intelligent control system quickly opens an internal explosion-proof valve when the thermal runaway in the battery is found according to the information collected by the sensors. The invention has the advantages of large structural capacity, high specific energy, intrinsic safety, intelligent control and the like, and can be applied to large equipment such as submarines and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a high-capacity and high-safety battery structure.
Background
At present, the shape of the battery is a rectangular body, and if the battery is designed according to the conventional design, the middle position of a diaphragm and a pole piece in the height direction is easy to deform under the influence of gravity; meanwhile, when the pole group in the battery is integrated, a large amount of heat can be accumulated under normal working conditions; from the analysis of manufacturing process angle, the difficulty coefficient is very big, and difficult assurance lamination uniformity.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to effectively solve the problems in the background art, the invention provides a high-capacity and high-safety battery structure.
The specific technical scheme is as follows;
the utility model provides a high safe battery structure of large capacity, the inside 10 utmost point groups that divide into of battery, every utmost point group possess independent bearing structure, flow channel and current collection body, all be in the same electrolyte environment, the output of every utmost point group is finally collected to the total positive pole and the total negative pole of battery through the generating line, set up multistage protective layer and fill phase transition heat absorption fire extinguishing material, every utmost point group all sets up a plurality of temperature sensor and gas sensor, intelligence management and control system is according to the information that the sensor gathered, open inside explosion-proof valve when discovering the inside thermal runaway of battery fast.
Preferably, the pole group is a laminated pole group combination mode.
Preferably, the supporting structure adopts an aluminum shell with the thickness of 8mm as a support, reinforcing ribs are welded outside the aluminum shell to ensure the structural strength, the internal explosion-proof threshold value is 1.8MPa, and the frame strength needs to be greater than the explosion-proof valve strength.
Preferably, the phase-change heat-absorbing fire-extinguishing material is perfluorohexanone.
Preferably, the flow channel is designed to be liquid-cooled for heat dissipation, the frames on the two sides are used as cold plates,
preferably, a melting type safety pressure relief device is arranged on three sides and the bottom surface of each pole group.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention has the advantages of large structural capacity, high specific energy, intrinsic safety, intelligent management and control and can be applied to large equipment such as submarines and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a front view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientation or positional relationship indicated in the drawings, which are merely for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first," "second," etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more unless otherwise specified.
In the description of the invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted", "connected", "fixedly connected" and "fixedly connected" are to be understood in a broad sense, e.g. they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the creation of the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.
The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The utility model provides a high safe battery structure of large capacity, includes that intelligence management and control structure 1, battery outer valve 2, copper post converge flow structure 3, heat pipe heat conduction structure 4, lamination multipole group block structure 5, utmost point group frame construction 6, high safe explosion-proof shell battery structure 7, interior valve 8, perfluor hexanone prevent chain structure of putting out a fire 9. The 9 high security explosion-proof casings of linkage fire extinguishing structure are prevented to perfluor hexanone is the whole support of battery, intelligence management and control structure 1 and battery outer valve 2 are installed at its top, copper column structure 3 that converges stretches out from its top, it links to each other with lamination multipolar group structure 5, utmost point group frame construction 6 is the inside support of heat pipe heat conduction structure 4 and lamination multipolar group packet structure, and heat pipe heat conduction structure 4 and lamination multipolar group structure 5 link to each other, interior valve 88 is installed on utmost point group frame construction 6, perfluor hexanone is prevented that linkage fire extinguishing structure 9 packs between utmost point group frame construction 6 and high security explosion-proof casing battery structure 7.
A novel laminated multipole component set structure as described above does not employ the usual winding method. Because the coiling needle is larger and the pole group is thicker in the coiling mode, the gap between the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece is not easy to control at the corner, the powder is easy to fall off, and the safety and the reliability are poor. The laminated pole group combination mode can ensure that the contact between the positive pole and the negative pole is more uniform, the utilization rate of materials is improved, the bulging in the thickness direction of the battery can be inhibited to a certain degree, and the arrangement and the heat dissipation of the battery pack are facilitated. And the laminated structure has stronger current bearing capacity than the wound structure, and can effectively improve the power performance of a large-capacity battery.
The utility model provides an foretell neotype liquid cooling heat dissipation and heat pipe heat conduction structure, adopts the liquid cooling heat dissipation in the design, and both sides frame holds concurrently as the cold drawing, and the heat flux density of liquid cooling can reach 15w/cm2 the most, and later stage design runner is through adjusting the velocity of water flow and income water temperature, control battery equilibrium temperature and whole difference in temperature. Because the size of the battery in the height direction is large, the large surface of each electrode group is directly contacted with a capillary heat pipe with the thickness of 1.2mm (the heat conductivity coefficient of the heat pipe can reach 15000w/m.K), heat is quickly transferred by utilizing phase change heat transfer and capillary action, and the temperature difference is reduced.
The novel internal and external explosion-proof valve and intelligent monitoring structure is characterized in that a melting type safety pressure relief device similar to a safety valve and a rupture disk is arranged on the three side faces and the bottom face of each pole group.
Internal valve setting: sensors are uniformly distributed at each position in the battery, once the thermal runaway occurs locally, the air pressure is greater than 1.8MPa, the temperature is higher than 80 ℃, the concentration of hydrogen and carbon monoxide is higher than 0.05db, the sensors transmit signals at millisecond level, internal valves are quickly opened, and the thermal runaway and the thermal spreading range of the battery are guaranteed not to exceed one pole group. The height of the valve is lower than the liquid level height of the perfluorohexanone, so that the gas is directly introduced into the perfluorohexanone to reduce the temperature. At present, a microscopic optical fiber sensor is available on the market, the temperature sensing can achieve the precision of 0.2 ℃, the application range is-269-300 ℃, the response time is 5-30 Hz, and the pressure sensing can achieve the range of 2 psi.
External valve setting: the battery capacity is large, once thermal runaway occurs, the gas production rate also increases rapidly, and in the thermal runaway process, the pressure response time is slightly earlier than the temperature response time. Supposing that thermal runaway completely occurs in one electrode group, the maximum pressure in the battery is about 9.3MPa, the maximum pressure is 3.45MP in balance, the actual temperature is lower than the balance temperature in the test because gas is poured out and is directly introduced into the perfluorohexanone, and the internal pressure of the battery is lower than 3.45MP in principle. The outer explosion-proof valve is arranged on the upper shell of the battery, the threshold value sets the upper limit of the initial maximum pressure to be 10MPa, the air pressure difference exists between the upper limit of the initial maximum pressure and the inner valve, and the time for cooling the gas is saved.
The utility model provides an foretell neotype utmost point group frame bearing structure 7, utmost point group frame adopt 8mm thick aluminum hull as supporting, and the design of outside aluminum hull helps battery heat dissipation and samming, welds the strengthening rib and guarantees structural strength outside the aluminum hull, and interior explosion-proof threshold value 1.8MPa, frame strength need be greater than explosion-proof valve intensity.
The utility model provides a novel perfluorohexanone prevent chain structure of putting out a fire which characterized in that: the fire extinguishing concentration of the perfluorohexanone is 4-6%, the safety margin is higher, the evaporation heat is only 1/25 times that of water, the vapor pressure is 25 times that of the water, and the fire extinguishing effect is achieved mainly by means of heat absorption. In the aspect of environmental protection, the fire extinguishing agent is a green environment-friendly fire extinguishing agent, and is safer for human bodies when in use. The perfluorohexanone is liquid at normal temperature, is not a dangerous article, and can be safely stored and transported in a wide temperature range by using a common container under the normal pressure state. In order to determine the consumption of the perfluorohexanone, the thermal runaway analysis of the battery is carried out, the optimal fire extinguishing time of the battery is the first 30s, the design of the sensor and the explosion-proof valve ensures that the perfluorohexanone is in contact with the inside of the battery within 5s, oxygen is isolated quickly, the fire extinguishing effect is achieved, and meanwhile, the perfluorohexanone can absorb heat quickly.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: under the normal working state, the interior of the battery is divided into 10 pole groups, so that the specific energy and the structural strength are improved; the internal thermal runaway self-inhibition capacity is designed, and the battery has intrinsic safety by arranging a protective layer and filling a phase change heat absorption fire extinguishing material (perfluorohexanone); and designing an intelligent management and control system to monitor the state of the battery according to the sensor and the internal explosion-proof valve. Once an accident happens, oxygen is isolated by utilizing the anaerobic characteristic of the perfluorohexanone, the thermal runaway is prevented from further spreading, the gas is cooled in the perfluorohexanone firstly by utilizing the position pressure difference setting of the inner explosion-proof valve and the outer explosion-proof valve, then the gas is discharged through the explosion-proof valves, and meanwhile, the strength of the shell is enhanced, so that the pressure-resistant strength of the shell is far greater than the threshold value of the explosion-proof valves.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a high safe battery structure of large capacity, a serial communication port, the inside 10 utmost point groups that divide into of battery, every utmost point group possesses independent bearing structure, flow channel and current collection body, all be in the same electrolyte environment, the output of every utmost point group finally collects total positive pole and the total negative pole to the battery through the generating line, set up multistage protective layer and fill phase transition heat absorption fire extinguishing material, every utmost point group all sets up a plurality of temperature sensor and gas sensor, intelligence management and control system is according to the information that the sensor gathered, open inside explosion-proof valve fast when discovering the inside thermal runaway of battery.
2. A large capacity high safety battery structure as set forth in claim 1, wherein the pole group is a laminated pole group combination.
3. A high-capacity high-safety battery structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the supporting structure uses an aluminum case with a thickness of 8mm as a support, and a reinforcing rib is welded on the outside of the aluminum case to ensure the structural strength, the internal explosion-proof threshold is 1.8MPa, and the frame strength needs to be greater than the explosion-proof valve strength.
4. The high-capacity high-safety battery structure according to claim 1, wherein the phase-change heat-absorbing fire-extinguishing material is perfluorohexanone.
5. The high-capacity high-safety battery structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the flow channel is designed to be cooled by liquid, and the frames on both sides also serve as cold plates.
6. A large-capacity high-safety battery structure as set forth in claim 1, wherein a fusing-type safety pressure relief device is provided at three sides and the bottom of each pole group.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111674235.5A CN114551962A (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | High-capacity and high-safety battery structure |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111674235.5A CN114551962A (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | High-capacity and high-safety battery structure |
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| CN114551962A true CN114551962A (en) | 2022-05-27 |
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| 李惠;吉维肖;曹余良;詹晖;杨汉西;艾新平;: "锂离子电池热失控防范技术", 储能科学与技术, no. 03, pages 376 - 383 * |
| 王春力;贡丽妙;亢平;谭业超;李明明;: "锂离子电池储能电站早期预警系统研究", 储能科学与技术, no. 06, pages 1152 - 1158 * |
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