CN114551786A - Large-size cylindrical lithium ion secondary battery pole piece and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Large-size cylindrical lithium ion secondary battery pole piece and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114551786A CN114551786A CN202210116494.4A CN202210116494A CN114551786A CN 114551786 A CN114551786 A CN 114551786A CN 202210116494 A CN202210116494 A CN 202210116494A CN 114551786 A CN114551786 A CN 114551786A
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 22
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract description 22
- 229920005594 polymer fiber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 21
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000572 Lithium Nickel Cobalt Manganese Oxide (NCM) Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FBDMTTNVIIVBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[Mn+2].[Co+2].[Ni+2].[Li+] Chemical compound [O-2].[Mn+2].[Co+2].[Ni+2].[Li+] FBDMTTNVIIVBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002134 carbon nanofiber Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dilithium;dioxido(dioxo)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Mn]([O-])(=O)=O QHGJSLXSVXVKHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002931 mesocarbon microbead Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- FSSPGSAQUIYDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Propane sultone Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCO1 FSSPGSAQUIYDCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000019901 Anxiety disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036506 anxiety Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- PGRMNXHYAZYNPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoro hydrogen carbonate Chemical compound OC(=O)OF PGRMNXHYAZYNPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- AHIWWUJXDLMOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methoxysulfonylmethanesulfonic acid Chemical compound COS(=O)(=O)CS(O)(=O)=O AHIWWUJXDLMOKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021392 nanocarbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012858 packaging process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
- H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of lithium ion secondary batteries, in particular to a large-size cylindrical lithium ion secondary battery pole piece and a preparation method thereof. This battery pole piece includes: the current collector is provided with a through hole; the polymer fiber layers are respectively arranged on two sides of the current collector, and two sides of the current collector, which are provided with openings, are in contact with the polymer fiber layers; and, two or more active layers disposed in contact with the polymer fiber layer; when the polymer fiber layer and the active layer are provided in multiple layers, the polymer fiber layer and the active layer are alternately arranged in contact; in the polymer fiber layer, the diameter of the polymer fiber is 0.05-0.2 μm, and the mass percentage of the conductive agent is 50-80%. The battery pole piece can effectively improve the wettability and permeability of the electrolyte, thereby prolonging the cycle life of a battery cell.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of lithium ion secondary batteries, in particular to a large-size cylindrical lithium ion secondary battery pole piece and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Lithium ion secondary batteries are important components of electric vehicles. The lithium ion secondary battery may be classified into a cylindrical battery, a square battery, and a pouch battery according to a packaging process.
The cylindrical battery is compared square battery and laminate polymer battery, has advantages such as processing equipment maturity height, production efficiency height, with low costs, battery uniformity height, is used by a large number of electric automobile car factories in a large number. In anxiety to mileage of electric vehicles, increasing the energy density per unit volume and unit mass of lithium ion secondary batteries is one of the most important optimization directions.
In contrast, one of the optimization methods is to improve the energy density of the positive and negative electrode materials, which requires long-time research and development and reliability tests; another method is to increase the volume of the unit lithium ion secondary battery.
However, making the battery large also brings great challenges to the cell process, such as coating consistency problem of large pole pieces, electrolyte infiltration problem, defect control and the like. The problem of electrolyte infiltration is particularly serious, in the process of liquid injection, the electrolyte infiltrates the pole pieces from two ends of the pole group to the middle through capillary force, because the large cylindrical pole piece is too wide, the electrolyte is difficult to infiltrate the middle area of the pole pieces, the capacity of the battery is low after charging, the cycle life of the battery is shortened due to easy occurrence of lithium precipitation in the cycle process of the middle area, and the safety of the battery is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a large-size cylindrical lithium ion secondary battery pole piece and a preparation method thereof.
A first object of the present invention is to provide a battery pole piece, comprising:
the current collector is provided with a through hole;
the polymer fiber layers are respectively arranged on two sides of the current collector, and two sides of the current collector, which are provided with openings, are in contact with the polymer fiber layers; and the combination of (a) and (b),
more than two active layers, the active layers being disposed in contact with the polymer fiber layer;
when the polymer fiber layer and the active layer are provided in multiple layers, the polymer fiber layer and the active layer are alternately arranged in contact;
in the polymer fiber layer, the diameter of the polymer fiber is 0.05-0.2 μm, and the mass percentage of the conductive agent is 50-80%.
The battery pole piece provided by the invention can effectively improve the wettability and permeability of the battery electrolyte, further improve the cycle life of a battery cell, and effectively solve the problem of insufficient impregnation of the electrolyte of the large-size cylindrical lithium ion secondary battery pole piece. The wettability and the permeability of the electrolyte are effectively improved through the high-porosity high-conductivity polymer fiber layer in the battery pole piece; through the current collectors with proper through holes, the electrolyte can be quickly infiltrated along the vertical direction of the pole piece besides being infiltrated along the horizontal direction of the pole piece, and the cycle life of the battery cell is prolonged.
The invention discovers that when the diameter of the polymer fiber is 0.05-0.2 mu m and the mass percent of the conductive agent is 50-80%, the wetting performance of the electrolyte is good, and meanwhile, the prepared battery pole piece has excellent conductive performance and longer cycle life.
As a preferred embodiment, the shape of the through-hole is an arbitrary shape.
In the specific implementation process, a person skilled in the art may set the through holes by using a mechanical drilling method or a laser drilling method, and preferably, the laser drilling method is used.
In a preferred embodiment, the through holes are circular, the diameter of each through hole is 1-25 μm, and the distance between adjacent through holes is 1-10 mm.
When the diameter of the through hole is smaller than 1 μm, it is difficult to precisely control the punching precision; when the diameter of the through hole is larger than 25 micrometers, the slurry is easy to drop out of the hole under the action of gravity when the polymer fiber layer is prepared, and the preparation of the polymer fiber layer is influenced.
In a preferred embodiment, the through holes are circular, the diameter of each through hole is 1-10 μm, and the distance between adjacent through holes is 1-5 mm.
When the distance between the adjacent through holes is less than 1mm, the current collector is easy to break when the polymer fiber layer is prepared; when the distance between the adjacent through holes is larger than 5mm, the area occupation ratio of the through holes is smaller, and the infiltration of electrolyte in the vertical direction of the pole piece is not facilitated. The present invention further found that when the diameter of the through-hole and the distance of the adjacent through-holes are in the above ranges, the permeability of the electrolytic solution can be further improved.
In a preferred embodiment, in the polymer fiber layer, the polymer fibers are any one or more of polypropylene fibers, polyacrylic acid fibers and polyacrylonitrile fibers, and polypropylene fibers are more preferred.
In particular implementations, the polymer fiber layer may be prepared by spraying through a melt blowing apparatus.
In a preferred embodiment, in the polymer fiber layer, the conductive agent is selected from any one or more of carbon black, acetylene black, carbon fiber, carbon nanotube, graphene and VGCF, and more preferably carbon black or acetylene black.
In a preferred embodiment, in the positive electrode battery pole piece, the active material of the active layer is selected from any one or more of lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganate, lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide and lithium cobaltate; preferably, in the positive electrode battery pole piece, the surface density of the active substance in the active layer is 100-300 mg/10cm2。
In a preferred embodiment, in the negative electrode battery pole piece, the active material of the active layer is selected from any one or more of artificial graphite, natural graphite, mesocarbon microbeads, silicon oxide, silicon carbide and lithium titanate;
preferably, in the negative electrode battery pole piece, the surface density of the active layer is α × B × C/D, where α is a negative electrode excess coefficient, B is the surface density of the active material in the positive electrode active layer, C is the gram volume of the active material in the positive electrode active layer, and D is the gram volume of the active material in the negative electrode active layer.
In the specific implementation process, when the positive battery pole piece is prepared, an aluminum foil current collector can be adopted; when preparing the negative electrode battery pole piece, a copper foil current collector can be adopted.
In the specific implementation process, when the positive electrode battery pole piece is prepared, the adopted binder is one or more of polyvinylidene fluoride, styrene butadiene rubber latex or poly (acrylonitrile); when the negative electrode battery pole piece is prepared, the adopted binder is one or more of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, styrene butadiene rubber latex, polyvinylidene fluoride or poly (acrylonitrile).
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the battery pole piece, which comprises the following steps:
(1) punching a through hole on the current collector to obtain a through hole current collector;
(2) arranging polymer fiber layers on two sides of the through hole current collector opening in a contact manner; in the polymer fiber layer, the diameter of the polymer fiber is 0.05-0.2 mu m, and the mass percentage of the conductive agent is 50-80%;
(3) arranging an active layer on the surface of the polymer fiber layer in a contact manner; or the like, or, alternatively,
and (2) arranging an active layer on the surface of the polymer fiber layer in a contact manner, and then alternately arranging the polymer fiber layer and the active layer on the surface of the active layer in a contact manner in sequence to obtain the battery pole piece containing multiple polymer fiber layers and active layers.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide a lithium battery, which comprises the battery pole piece. Preferably, the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate are included at the same time.
In a specific embodiment, the separator in the lithium battery can be a polypropylene single-layer film, a polyethylene single-layer film or a polypropylene-polyethylene-polypropylene three-layer composite film, or a composite separator composed of the separator and ceramic, or a ceramic coated separator composed of the separator, ceramic and PVDF.
In a particular embodiment, an electrolyte in a lithium battery includes a solvent, a soluble lithium salt, and an additive; the solvent can adopt one or more of ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate or ethyl acetate, the soluble lithium salt can adopt lithium hexafluorophosphate, and the additive can adopt one or more of propane sultone, vinylene carbonate, lithium bis-fluorosulfonyl imide, lithium difluoro oxalato borate, methyl methane disulfonate, lithium difluoro oxalato phosphate or fluoro carbonate.
The lithium battery provided by the invention has better electrolyte infiltration performance and longer battery core cycle life, is applied to electric automobiles, can improve the battery capacity, ensures the safety of the battery and simultaneously improves the endurance capacity of the lithium battery.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the battery pole piece provided by the invention can effectively improve the wettability and permeability of the battery electrolyte, further improve the cycle life of a battery cell, and effectively solve the problem of insufficient impregnation of the electrolyte of the large-size cylindrical lithium ion secondary battery pole piece.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The specific techniques or conditions not indicated in the examples are all conventional methods or techniques or conditions described in the literature of the field or according to the product specifications. The reagents and instruments used are conventional products which are available from normal commercial vendors, not indicated by manufacturers.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a battery pole piece, in particular to a lithium ion secondary battery positive pole piece, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) the positive current collector is made of an aluminum foil with the thickness of 15 micrometers, through holes are drilled by laser, the diameter of each through hole is 2 micrometers, and the distance between every two adjacent through holes is 5 mm;
(2) spraying a high-porosity high-conductivity polypropylene fiber layer on the upper layer and the lower layer of the perforated aluminum foil through polypropylene melt-blowing equipment, wherein the thickness of the high-porosity high-conductivity polypropylene fiber layer is 1.5 mu m, and the diameter of the polypropylene fiber layer is 0.05-0.1 mu m; adding carbon black as a conductive agent, wherein the mass percent of the conductive agent is 72%;
(3) homogenizing lithium iron phosphate, carbon nano tube and polyvinylidene fluoride according to the mass ratio of 97:1.5:1.5, coating on a perforated aluminum foil with high-porosity and high-conductivity polypropylene fiber layers at the upper layer and the lower layer, and passing through a rollerPressing and cutting to obtain the positive pole piece, wherein the active material lithium iron phosphate coating surface density of the positive pole piece is controlled to be (123.0 +/-2.5) mg/10cm2。
Example 2
The embodiment provides a battery pole piece, in particular to a lithium ion secondary battery cathode pole piece, and the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) the negative current collector adopts an aluminum foil with the thickness of 6 microns, through holes are punched by laser, the diameter of each through hole is 2 microns, and the distance between every two adjacent through holes is 5 mm;
(2) spraying a high-porosity and high-conductivity polypropylene fiber layer on the upper layer and the lower layer of the perforated copper foil through polypropylene melt-blowing equipment, wherein the thickness of the high-porosity and high-conductivity polypropylene fiber layer is 1.5 mu m, and the diameter of the polypropylene fiber layer is 0.05-0.1 mu m; adding carbon black as a conductive agent, wherein the mass percent of the conductive agent is 72%;
(3) homogenizing artificial graphite, nano carbon black particles, a binder CMC and a binder SBR according to a mass ratio of 95.5:2.0:1.5:1.0, coating the homogenized slurry on a perforated copper foil with high-porosity and high-conductivity polypropylene fiber layers on the upper layer and the lower layer, rolling and slitting to obtain a negative pole piece, wherein the surface density of the artificial graphite serving as an active substance of the negative pole piece is controlled to be (64.0 +/-1.3) mg/10cm2。
Example 3
The embodiment provides a lithium battery, which includes the positive electrode plate prepared in embodiment 1 and the negative electrode plate prepared in embodiment 2, and specifically includes the following steps:
(1) preparing a pole group: winding the positive pole piece prepared in the embodiment 1, the negative pole piece prepared in the embodiment 2 and a diaphragm positioned between the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece to form a pole group, wherein the diaphragm is a polyethylene ceramic membrane with the thickness of 12 mu m;
(2) battery equipment: and (2) putting the electrode group prepared in the step (1) into a steel shell, and sequentially performing roller slot, vacuum drying, electrolyte injection, sealing, formation and capacity grading to obtain the lithium battery.
Wherein the electrolyte solvent is ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate and ethyl acetate; the lithium salt is lithium hexafluorophosphate; the additive is propane sultone, vinylene carbonate and lithium bis-fluorosulfonyl imide; the mass percentage of the components is 15:30:18:12:15:3:3: 4.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a battery pole piece, in particular to a lithium ion secondary battery positive pole piece, and the preparation method is only different from embodiment 1 in that the diameter of each through hole is 5 micrometers, and the distance between every two adjacent through holes is 5 mm.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a battery pole piece, in particular to a lithium ion secondary battery positive pole piece, and the preparation method is only different from embodiment 1 in that the diameter of each through hole is 2 micrometers, and the distance between every two adjacent through holes is 10 mm.
Example 6
The embodiment provides a battery pole piece, in particular to a lithium ion secondary battery cathode pole piece, and the preparation method is only different from the embodiment 2, the diameter of each through hole is 5 micrometers, and the distance between every two adjacent through holes is 5 mm.
Example 7
The embodiment provides a battery pole piece, in particular to a lithium ion secondary battery cathode pole piece, and the preparation method is only different from that of embodiment 2, the diameter of each through hole is 2 micrometers, and the distance between every two adjacent through holes is 10 mm.
Example 8
This example provides a lithium battery using the positive electrode sheet obtained in example 4 and the negative electrode sheet obtained in example 2, which is different from example 3 only.
Example 9
This example provides a lithium battery, which differs from example 3 only in that the positive electrode sheet prepared in example 5 and the negative electrode sheet prepared in example 2 are used.
Example 10
This example provides a lithium battery, which differs from example 3 only in that the positive electrode sheet prepared in example 1 and the negative electrode sheet prepared in example 6 are used.
Example 11
This example provides a lithium battery, differing only from example 3, using the positive electrode sheet prepared in example 1 and the negative electrode sheet prepared in example 7.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example provides a lithium battery, differing only from example 3, using 15 μm aluminum foil as the positive electrode current collector and 6 μm copper foil as the negative electrode current collector.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides a battery pole piece, in particular to a lithium ion secondary battery positive pole piece, and the preparation method is only different from the embodiment 1 in that the diameter of the polypropylene fiber is 0.5-0.8 mu m.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example provides a lithium battery using the positive electrode sheet prepared in comparative example 2 and the negative electrode sheet prepared in example 2, which is different from example 3 only.
Test examples
Lithium batteries prepared in examples and comparative examples were charged to 3.6V at a rate of 1C and discharged to 2V at a rate of 1C at 25C, and full charge discharge cycle tests were performed until the capacity of the lithium ion secondary battery was less than 80% of the initial capacity, and the number of cycles was tested, and the specific data are shown in table 1. As can be seen from Table 1, the lithium ion secondary battery prepared by using the battery pole piece of the invention has excellent cycle performance. Also, increasing pore size and decreasing pore spacing can improve battery cycle life.
TABLE 1 Battery cycle number test results
Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove with respect to a general description and specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (10)
1. A battery pole piece, comprising:
the current collector is provided with a through hole;
the polymer fiber layers are respectively arranged on two sides of the current collector, and two sides of the current collector, which are provided with openings, are in contact with the polymer fiber layers; and the combination of (a) and (b),
more than two active layers, the active layers being disposed in contact with the polymer fiber layer;
when the polymer fiber layer and the active layer are provided in multiple layers, the polymer fiber layer and the active layer are alternately arranged in contact;
in the polymer fiber layer, the diameter of the polymer fiber is 0.05-0.2 μm, and the mass percentage of the conductive agent is 50-80%.
2. The battery pole piece of claim 1, wherein the shape of the through hole is an arbitrary shape.
3. The battery pole piece according to claim 2, wherein the through holes are circular in shape, the diameter of each through hole is 1-25 μm, and the distance between adjacent through holes is 1-10 mm.
4. The battery pole piece according to claim 3, wherein the through holes are circular, the diameter of each through hole is 1-10 μm, and the distance between adjacent through holes is 1-5 mm.
5. The battery pole piece according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein in the polymer fiber layer, the polymer fiber is any one or more of polypropylene fiber, polyacrylic acid fiber and polyacrylonitrile fiber.
6. The battery pole piece according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein in the polymer fiber layer, the conductive agent is selected from any one or more of carbon black, acetylene black, carbon fiber, carbon nanotube, graphene and VGCF.
7. The battery pole piece according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein in the positive battery pole piece, the active material of the active layer is selected from any one or more of lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganate, lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide and lithium cobaltate;
preferably, in the positive electrode battery pole piece, the surface density of the active substance in the active layer is 100-300 mg/10cm2。
8. The battery pole piece according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein in the negative battery pole piece, the active material of the active layer is selected from one or more of artificial graphite, natural graphite, mesocarbon microbeads, silicon oxide, silicon carbide and lithium titanate;
preferably, in the negative electrode battery pole piece, the surface density of the active layer is α × B × C/D, where α is a negative electrode excess coefficient, B is the surface density of the active material in the positive electrode active layer, C is the gram volume of the active material in the positive electrode active layer, and D is the gram volume of the active material in the negative electrode active layer.
9. The preparation method of the battery pole piece according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) punching a through hole on the current collector to obtain a through hole current collector;
(2) arranging polymer fiber layers on two sides of the through hole current collector opening in a contact manner; in the polymer fiber layer, the diameter of the polymer fiber is 0.05-0.2 mu m, and the mass percentage of the conductive agent is 50-80%;
(3) arranging an active layer on the surface of the polymer fiber layer in a contact manner; or the like, or, alternatively,
and (2) arranging an active layer on the surface of the polymer fiber layer in a contact manner, and then alternately arranging the polymer fiber layer and the active layer on the surface of the active layer in a contact manner in sequence to obtain the battery pole piece containing multiple polymer fiber layers and active layers.
10. A lithium battery comprising the battery electrode sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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