CN114549802A - Three-dimensional model data automatic association and positioning method based on OCR technology - Google Patents
Three-dimensional model data automatic association and positioning method based on OCR technology Download PDFInfo
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- G06T19/00—Manipulating 3D models or images for computer graphics
- G06T19/20—Editing of 3D images, e.g. changing shapes or colours, aligning objects or positioning parts
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
- G06F16/28—Databases characterised by their database models, e.g. relational or object models
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
- G06F16/28—Databases characterised by their database models, e.g. relational or object models
- G06F16/284—Relational databases
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- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/50—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of still image data
- G06F16/56—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of still image data having vectorial format
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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- G06F16/50—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of still image data
- G06F16/58—Retrieval characterised by using metadata, e.g. metadata not derived from the content or metadata generated manually
- G06F16/5866—Retrieval characterised by using metadata, e.g. metadata not derived from the content or metadata generated manually using information manually generated, e.g. tags, keywords, comments, manually generated location and time information
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2219/00—Indexing scheme for manipulating 3D models or images for computer graphics
- G06T2219/004—Annotating, labelling
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2219/00—Indexing scheme for manipulating 3D models or images for computer graphics
- G06T2219/20—Indexing scheme for editing of 3D models
- G06T2219/2008—Assembling, disassembling
Abstract
The invention discloses an OCR technology-based three-dimensional model data automatic association and positioning method, which comprises the following steps: s1, component splitting is carried out on the three-dimensional model, and coding and attribute adding are carried out on the split three-dimensional model component; s2, separating geometric elements and attribute elements after webpage-side publishing of the three-dimensional model; s3, uploading the file, and automatically identifying and extracting the content in the file through an OCR technology; s4, matching the three-dimensional model component codes or attributes with the content of the files recognized through the OCR technology; and S5, automatically associating the successfully matched file with the three-dimensional model component. The method updates the mode and the mode of the association of the three-dimensional model component and the file data, optimizes the processes of the splitting and the coding of the three-dimensional model and the association of the model data, improves the utilization efficiency and the quality of the data, and improves the efficiency of the association positioning between the three-dimensional model component and the associated file.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of three-dimensional models, in particular to a three-dimensional model data automatic association and positioning method based on an OCR technology.
Background
With the development of three-dimensional model technology, OCR and algorithm models, the traditional two-dimensional expression mode tends to be gradually replaced by application software centering on a three-dimensional model in various engineering software applications due to the lack of spatial position sense. However, the method still has more problems from two dimensions to three dimensions, from the client to the webpage end, and from simplification to refinement. The method for indexing the document by the three-dimensional model component based on the bridge is disclosed in Chinese patent literature, the publication number is CN111666369A, the publication date is 2020-09-15, the original document is split into single-page electronic documents to be respectively stored on the basis of the directory organization structure of the original electronic document, and the component is selected to add a component label on the basis of the three-dimensional information model, wherein the label stores the storage position of the single-page electronic document related to the component; when adding labels to the components, automatically adding document labels to the single-page electronic documents, wherein the document labels store component numbers and position information related to the documents, and by utilizing the characteristic of BIM technical visualization, maintenance personnel can quickly select the components in the three-dimensional model, and jump to all the related electronic documents and display by clicking the component labels of the components; also, by clicking on a document tag of an electronic document, a jump may be made directly to the three-dimensional information model, displaying the component location associated with the document tag.
However, the technique still has the following problems: how to split the components of the three-dimensional model is not explained in the technology, and how to rapidly divide the three-dimensional model is an important content for solving the working efficiency; the three-dimensional model component has both geometric elements and attribute elements, the two types of elements are usually stored in a three-dimensional model and need to be quickly peeled off to realize digital-analog separation, but the digital-analog separation is not carried out in the technology, so that the further application is not facilitated; in the technology, only the association technology of the electronic document and the three-dimensional model component is used, but in reality, documents in different formats such as CAD and pdf need to be associated, and content reading and association of the documents in different formats need to be considered.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problem that the prior art lacks an integrated and automatic process which can realize the steps from three-dimensional model splitting, file association and accurate content positioning, provides an OCR (optical character recognition) technology-based three-dimensional model data automatic association and positioning method, updates the mode and the mode of association of a three-dimensional model component and file data, optimizes the flows of three-dimensional model splitting, encoding and model data association, improves the utilization efficiency and quality of data, and improves the efficiency of association positioning between the three-dimensional model component and an associated file.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an OCR technology-based three-dimensional model data automatic association and positioning method comprises the following steps:
s1, component splitting is carried out on the three-dimensional model, and coding and attribute adding are carried out on the split three-dimensional model component;
s2, separating geometric elements and attribute elements after webpage-side publishing of the three-dimensional model;
s3, uploading the file, and automatically identifying and extracting the content in the file through an OCR technology;
s4, matching the three-dimensional model component codes or attributes with the contents of the files identified by the OCR technology;
and S5, automatically associating the successfully matched file with the three-dimensional model component.
According to the method, automatic segmentation and automatic stream coding are carried out on the three-dimensional model component based on the space position; the loading efficiency of the large-scale model component at the webpage end is improved through the webpage end lightweight technology and the digital-analog separation technology, and data association is facilitated; through OCR technology, automatically carrying out full-text retrieval and identification on file contents in various formats; matching the three-dimensional model component and the file in full content by adopting a code algorithm of a traversal tree through a mathematical matching algorithm to form an association relation; through a labeling technology, the file content related to the three-dimensional model component is automatically subjected to labeling management, and the matched content position is automatically accurately positioned and presented through a label.
Preferably, in S1, first, a plurality of vertical splitting reference lines are selected in the horizontal direction of the three-dimensional model, and splitting is performed in the vertical direction according to the vertical splitting reference lines; and then selecting a plurality of horizontal splitting reference lines in the vertical direction, and splitting in the horizontal direction according to the horizontal splitting reference lines.
The three-dimensional model component splitting aims at fine management, the splitting requirements of different industries are different, and the requirements of different implementation stages are different. In the dam operation management of the water conservancy and hydropower industry, the requirement for the splitting of the dam is not high, and the splitting management can be carried out according to the dam section; for bridge operation management in the highway industry, bridge diseases need to be detected and monitored respectively according to bridge components, and the requirement on the splitting granularity of bridges is high. The requirements are different at different stages of the same industry, the dam is taken as an example, at the construction stage, the management of the dam needs to be embodied to each layer, and at the moment, the three-dimensional model splitting needs to be divided into sections according to the elevation and the actual construction height in a fine mode.
Preferably, the encoding of the three-dimensional model building blocks in S1 includes systematic encoding for displaying the system or position where the three-dimensional model building blocks are located and pipeline encoding for displaying the order of the split three-dimensional model building blocks.
The coding addition and attribute addition of the three-dimensional model components in the invention also require automated means. The code is composed of several fields, and different fields represent different meanings. According to the system or the position of the three-dimensional model component, the system code of the part before the code can be determined, and then the stream code addition is added, so that the system code is determined firstly, and the stream code is determined according to the coding direction.
Preferably, in S2, the three-dimensional model is converted into a specific format by a web-side three-dimensional weight reduction technique, and then geometric elements and attribute elements of the three-dimensional model are separated, the geometric elements are stored in an unstructured database, and the attribute elements are stored in a structured database.
The three-dimensional model component for webpage end publishing is a three-dimensional model which can be opened only by a client, is displayed on a webpage through a webpage end technology, and meanwhile, a database technology is introduced to separate a digital model, so that data association is facilitated and webpage end loading efficiency is improved. Compared with the traditional digital-analog separation method, the lightweight publishing technology firstly performs webpage-side lightweight publishing to ensure the integration of the model and the data, and then performs digital-analog separation through the database technology. In the issuing process, data are also stored in the model, so that the problem of data loss caused by lightweight issuing after line-model separation is avoided, and further use of the data is facilitated.
Preferably, the various types of files automatically recognized and extracted by the OCR technology in S3 include office, pdf, and cad formats.
The OCR technology is an optical character recognition technology, can quickly recognize the contents in office and pdf files, adopts an 'activated label' technology for CAD technology, labels key contents in advance, can accurately position to a specific position under the condition of meeting full-text matching, and is convenient for bidirectional linkage application.
Preferably, in S4, the code and attribute of the first three-dimensional model component are matched with all the identified and extracted document contents according to the stream code of the three-dimensional model component, if matching, the first three-dimensional model component is automatically associated with the three-dimensional model component, and the other three-dimensional model components are sequentially matched and associated according to the stream code.
According to the invention, each three-dimensional model component is subjected to full-text matching with all identified and extracted file contents through a traversal algorithm, and all files capable of being matched with the three-dimensional model component are associated, so that the accuracy and the integrity of an association result are ensured.
Preferably, in S5, the three-dimensional model member and the associated file are linked in two directions, and the associated file can be found from the three-dimensional model member, and the three-dimensional model member associated therewith can be located from either file.
In the invention, all files related to the three-dimensional model component can be automatically obtained by clicking one three-dimensional model component, and then the files are browsed to search and obtain the required file content. In addition, by selecting any one of the files, the three-dimensional model component associated with the file can be automatically positioned through the viewport in a special color.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: a brand-new method for accurately associating the three-dimensional model components with the data is provided, and technologies and methods such as automatic segmentation, automatic coding, OCR (optical character recognition), labeling and the like of the three-dimensional model components are fused. Through automatic segmentation and coding of the three-dimensional model component, a refined data carrier and a space position carrier are provided for engineering project construction association and operation management; by means of an OCR technology, original file level association is improved to content level association, and management accuracy and precision are greatly improved; through the label technology, the specific position of the file can be quickly positioned, the two-way linkage efficiency between the three-dimensional model component and the associated file is improved, and the efficiency of solving practical problems of engineering projects is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of three-dimensional model component encoding and attribute addition in the present embodiment.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, a three-dimensional model data automatic association and positioning method based on OCR technology includes the following steps.
S1, component splitting is carried out on the three-dimensional model, and coding and attribute adding are carried out on the split three-dimensional model component;
in S1, firstly, selecting a plurality of vertical splitting reference lines in the horizontal direction of the three-dimensional model, and splitting in the vertical direction according to the vertical splitting reference lines; selecting a plurality of horizontal splitting reference lines in the vertical direction, and splitting in the horizontal direction according to the horizontal splitting reference lines;
and S1, the encoding of the three-dimensional model components comprises system encoding and pipeline encoding, wherein the system encoding is used for displaying the system or the position of the three-dimensional model components, and the pipeline encoding is used for displaying the sequence of the split three-dimensional model components.
S2, separating geometric elements and attribute elements after webpage-side publishing of the three-dimensional model;
in S2, the three-dimensional model is converted into a specific format through a webpage-side three-dimensional lightweight technology, and then the separation of the geometric elements and the attribute elements of the three-dimensional model is carried out, wherein the geometric elements are stored in a non-relational database in a non-structured form, and the attribute elements are stored in a relational database in a structured form.
S3, uploading the file, and automatically identifying and extracting the content in the file through an OCR technology; various types of files for automatically recognizing and extracting contents by the OCR technology in S3 include office, pdf, and cad formats.
S4, matching the three-dimensional model component codes or attributes with the contents of the files identified by the OCR technology;
and S4, according to the flow coding of the three-dimensional model components, matching the coding and attribute in the first three-dimensional model component with all the identified and extracted file contents in full text, if matching, automatically generating association with the three-dimensional model component, and sequentially matching and associating other three-dimensional model components according to the flow coding.
S5, automatically associating the successfully matched file with the three-dimensional model component;
in S5, the three-dimensional model component and the associated file are linked in a bidirectional mode, and the associated file can be automatically obtained by clicking the three-dimensional model component; by selecting either file, the associated three-dimensional model component can be automatically positioned through the viewport in a particular color.
According to the method, automatic segmentation and automatic stream coding are carried out on the three-dimensional model component based on the space position; the loading efficiency of the large-scale model component at the webpage end is improved through the webpage end lightweight technology and the digital-analog separation technology, and data association is facilitated; through OCR technology, automatically carrying out full-text retrieval and identification on file contents in various formats; matching the three-dimensional model component and the file in full content by adopting a code algorithm of a traversal tree through a mathematical matching algorithm to form an association relation; through a labeling technology, the file content related to the three-dimensional model component is automatically subjected to labeling management, and the matched content position is automatically accurately positioned and presented through a label.
The three-dimensional model component splitting aims at fine management, the splitting requirements of different industries are different, and the requirements of different implementation stages are different. In the dam operation management of the water conservancy and hydropower industry, the requirement for the splitting of the dam is not high, and the splitting management can be carried out according to the dam section; for bridge operation management in the highway industry, bridge diseases need to be detected and monitored respectively according to bridge components, and the requirement on the splitting granularity of bridges is high. The requirements are different at different stages of the same industry, the dam is taken as an example, at the construction stage, the management of the dam needs to be embodied to each layer, and at the moment, the three-dimensional model splitting needs to be divided into sections according to the elevation and the actual construction height in a fine mode.
The coding addition and attribute addition of the three-dimensional model components in the present invention also require automated means. The code is composed of several fields, and different fields represent different meanings. According to the system or the position of the three-dimensional model component, the system code of the part before the code can be determined, and then the stream code addition is added, so that the system code is determined firstly, and the stream code is determined according to the coding direction.
The three-dimensional model component for webpage end publishing is a three-dimensional model which can be opened only by a client, is displayed on a webpage through a webpage end technology, and meanwhile, a database technology is introduced to separate a digital model, so that data association is facilitated and webpage end loading efficiency is improved. Compared with the traditional digital-analog separation method, the lightweight publishing technology firstly performs webpage-side lightweight publishing to ensure the integration of the model and the data, and then performs digital-analog separation through the database technology. In the issuing process, data are also stored in the model, so that the problem of data loss caused by lightweight issuing after line-model separation is avoided, and further use of the data is facilitated.
The OCR technology is an optical character recognition technology, can quickly recognize the contents in office and pdf files, adopts an 'activated label' technology for CAD technology, labels key contents in advance, can accurately position to a specific position under the condition of meeting full-text matching, and is convenient for bidirectional linkage application.
According to the invention, each three-dimensional model component is subjected to full-text matching with all identified and extracted file contents through a traversal algorithm, and all files capable of being matched with the three-dimensional model component are associated, so that the accuracy and the integrity of an association result are ensured.
In the invention, all files related to the three-dimensional model component can be automatically obtained by clicking one three-dimensional model component, and then the files are browsed to search and obtain the required file content. In addition, by selecting any one of the files, the three-dimensional model component associated with the file can be automatically positioned through the viewport in a special color.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the three-dimensional model of the road bridge is used as an object for detailed description, and the following steps are included.
And (3) splitting the components of the three-dimensional model of the highway bridge according to requirements in three-dimensional modeling software. The granularity requirements of common management of highway bridges in the stages of design, construction and operation are high, the components are automatically split according to positions and types through a three-dimensional model automatic splitting tool, a pile foundation, a bearing platform, an upright post and a bridge deck block model are formed after splitting, and the components are orderly organized according to the number of route piles and project red line information to form a road subgrade model divided by hundred meters of piles. When splitting, in three-dimensional modeling software, firstly, drawing a plurality of vertical splitting reference lines in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction through an automatic splitting tool in the horizontal direction, and then clicking an automatic splitting button to vertically split in the Z-axis direction; and drawing a plurality of horizontal splitting datum lines with different elevations in the Z-axis direction through the automatic splitting tool in the vertical direction, and then clicking the automatic splitting button again to split the components of the three-dimensional model in the horizontal direction.
And coding and adding related attributes to the split three-dimensional model component. As shown in fig. 2, the three-dimensional bridge model is automatically subjected to running water coding in the forward direction of the X axis or the Y axis after being split, and the system code is composed of four fields, namely a unit project, a subsection project, a sub-subsection project and a project, and the system code of the four fields and the running water code attached to the system code jointly form the code of the three-dimensional model component. One part of the attribute information inherits the inherent data of the three-dimensional model, including the size information, the cost information, the material information, the stress information and the like of the three-dimensional model, and the other part of the attribute information is manually input, including the construction process information, the personnel information, the organization information and the like.
And issuing the three-dimensional model component of the disassembled road bridge at the webpage end. And performing efficient rendering and publishing on the bridge model at a webpage end by utilizing a three-dimensional model lightweight engine technology. The three-dimensional model of the highway bridge is displayed on the webpage through the webpage end technology, and the webpage end loading efficiency is improved.
The method comprises the steps of separating geometric elements and attribute elements of a three-dimensional model of the highway bridge by using a database technology, storing data of the three-dimensional model in a relational database, storing the model of the three-dimensional model in a non-relational database, storing the geometric elements of a three-dimensional highway bridge member in a non-structured database, and storing attribute information of the three-dimensional highway bridge member in a structured database, so that digital-analog separation is realized.
And uploading various files in a software system, wherein the files comprise files in the formats of office, pdf, CAD and the like related to the highway bridge. The content in these files is then automatically identified and extracted by OCR techniques. The OCR technology is an optical character recognition technology and can quickly recognize contents in office and pdf files, an 'activated label' technology is adopted for CAD files, key contents are labeled in advance, namely for each CAD drawing, a format conversion tool is firstly adopted to convert the CAD drawing into a format which can be opened by a webpage end, then the CAD drawing is automatically opened at a system background, the contents in the CAD drawing are automatically recorded in a background database in the opening process, a corresponding relation with the CAD drawing is formed, data labels are printed through the database technology to form a corresponding relation with a model code or attribute, and under the condition that full-text matching is met, the specific position can be accurately positioned, and bidirectional linkage application is facilitated.
Through the corresponding relation of codes or characters, the full text matches the three-dimensional model component codes or attributes with the contents recognized by various files through an OCR technology. And (3) full-text matching technology is adopted, namely, a traversal algorithm is adopted, the full-text matching is carried out on the code and the attribute in the first three-dimensional model component and the contents of all files from the first time according to the flow code of the three-dimensional model component of the highway bridge, if the full-text matching is carried out, the full-text matching is automatically associated with the three-dimensional model component, and the matching association of other three-dimensional model components is carried out sequentially according to the flow code. And automatically associating the successfully matched file and the three-dimensional model component. Bidirectional linkage can be performed on the three-dimensional model members of the highway bridges and the associated files, and when one three-dimensional model member of the highway bridge is clicked, the three-dimensional model member of the highway bridge can automatically jump to the associated file; on the contrary, by selecting any file, the three-dimensional model component associated with the file can be automatically displayed in the whole three-dimensional model of the road bridge, and the color displayed by the three-dimensional model component is different from that of the rest three-dimensional model components.
After the association operation of the three-dimensional model and the uploaded data, namely the file, is completed, the three-dimensional model component is clicked, and the file with the corresponding relation with the three-dimensional model component code or attribute can be automatically loaded. When a plurality of files correspond to the same three-dimensional model component, all the associated files can be arranged from near to far according to the uploading time of the files, the file with the latest uploading time is arranged at the top, and the file with the earliest uploading time is arranged at the bottom. In addition, when the OCR technology is used for file content recognition, the key content in the file is labeled in advance by using the 'activated label' technology, and the key content is correspondingly associated with the code or the attribute of the three-dimensional model component through the label. In which case clicking on the three-dimensional model component may locate directly to the location of the tagged specific content or chapter section in the associated file.
The above embodiments are further illustrated and described in order to facilitate understanding of the invention, and no unnecessary limitations are to be understood therefrom, and any modifications, equivalents, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the invention should be included therein.
Claims (7)
1. An OCR technology-based three-dimensional model data automatic association and positioning method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, component splitting is carried out on the three-dimensional model, and coding and attribute adding are carried out on the split three-dimensional model component;
s2, separating geometric elements and attribute elements after webpage-side publishing of the three-dimensional model;
s3, uploading the file, and automatically identifying and extracting the content in the file through an OCR technology;
s4, matching the three-dimensional model component codes or attributes with the contents of the files identified by the OCR technology;
and S5, automatically associating the successfully matched file with the three-dimensional model component.
2. An OCR technology-based automatic three-dimensional model data associating and positioning method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S1, a plurality of vertical splitting reference lines are first selected in the horizontal direction of the three-dimensional model, and splitting is performed in the vertical direction according to the vertical splitting reference lines; and then selecting a plurality of horizontal splitting reference lines in the vertical direction, and splitting in the horizontal direction according to the horizontal splitting reference lines.
3. An OCR-technology-based three-dimensional model data automatic association and positioning method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the encoding of the three-dimensional model building blocks in S1 includes systematic encoding for displaying the system or position of the three-dimensional model building blocks and pipeline encoding for displaying the order of the split three-dimensional model building blocks.
4. An OCR technology-based automatic three-dimensional model data association and positioning method as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein in S2, after converting the three-dimensional model into a specific format by a webpage-side three-dimensional lightweight technology, the separation of the geometric elements and the attribute elements of the three-dimensional model is performed, the geometric elements are stored in an unstructured database, and the attribute elements are stored in a structured database.
5. An OCR-technology-based three-dimensional model data automatic association and location method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the various types of files automatically recognized and extracted content by OCR technology in S3 include office, pdf and CAD format.
6. An OCR-based automatic three-dimensional model data associating and positioning method according to claim 3, wherein in S4, the codes and attributes of the first three-dimensional model component are matched with all the identified and extracted document contents in full text according to the stream coding of the three-dimensional model components, and if matching, the association is automatically generated with the three-dimensional model component, and the other three-dimensional model components are sequentially matched and associated according to the stream coding.
7. An OCR technology-based automatic three-dimensional model data association and positioning method as claimed in claim 1, 2, 3, 5 or 6, wherein in S5, the three-dimensional model component and the associated file are linked in two directions, the corresponding associated file can be found through the three-dimensional model component, and the three-dimensional model component associated with the three-dimensional model component can also be positioned through any file.
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| CN116257926A (en) * | 2023-05-09 | 2023-06-13 | 宇动源(北京)信息技术有限公司 | BIM-based Internet of things data binding method, device, equipment and storage medium |
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| CN116257926B (en) * | 2023-05-09 | 2023-08-22 | 宇动源(北京)信息技术有限公司 | BIM-based Internet of things data binding method, device, equipment and storage medium |
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