CN114546577B - Data visualization method and system - Google Patents
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- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
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Abstract
The application provides a data visualization method and a data visualization system, which are used for acquiring data and configuration information for rendering, and rendering and displaying the data according to the configuration information by using a Web component matched with the data in type. Because multiple types of Web components are provided, visualization of multiple different types of data can be achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of electronic information, and in particular, to a data visualization method and system.
Background
More and more user systems need to access not only traditional mapping data types (such as vector data and image data), but also new mapping data types (such as oblique photography models, BIM, laser point clouds, etc.), and various big data with location information (such as data from the internet, mobile internet, and internet of things). The data types accessed by the system are more and more complex, and correspondingly, the data visualization requirements are higher. However, the existing visual design system focuses on the function of analyzing reports, and cannot support various forms of visualization.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a data visualization method and a data visualization system, and aims to solve the problem that various forms of visualization cannot be supported.
In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical solutions:
A data visualization system, comprising:
The system comprises a data management module, a visual configuration module and a rendering module;
The data management module is used for acquiring data for rendering;
The visual configuration module is used for acquiring configuration information;
The rendering module comprises a plurality of types of Web components; the rendering module is used for rendering and displaying the data according to the configuration information by using the Web components with the matched types of the data.
Optionally, the visual configuration module is configured to obtain configuration information, including:
The visual configuration module is specifically used for acquiring the component association configuration information and the interaction event configuration information;
The rendering module is configured to render and display the data according to the configuration information by using the Web component with the matched data types, and includes:
The rendering module is specifically configured to associate, through the component association configuration information, an interaction sub-component, and render the component and the interaction sub-component.
Optionally, the rendering module is further configured to:
Generating an associated monitor and trigger according to the interaction event configuration information;
The monitor is used for setting a monitor event for the interaction sub-component, and the trigger is used for responding to the monitor event monitored by the monitor and triggering and executing the association event preconfigured by the monitor event.
Optionally, the visual configuration module is configured to obtain configuration information, including:
the visual configuration module is specifically used for acquiring the layout of components in the display interface of any one equipment end;
The rendering module is configured to render and display the data according to the configuration information by using the Web component with the matched data types, and includes:
the rendering module is specifically configured to perform rendering according to a set of layout matching a size of a display window of a display device, calculate a width and a height of a pixel rendered by the component according to the size of the display window and the matched layout, and perform drawing in a current browser by using the width and the height.
Optionally, the layout includes:
the component occupies rows and columns, and the display window occupies rows and columns.
Optionally, the rendering module is configured to match a set of layouts according to a size of a display window of the display device, and includes:
the rendering module is specifically configured to match a PC-side layout with the display window having a width greater than a first value, and match a tablet-side or cell-side layout with the display window having a width not greater than the first value according to a ratio of a length and a width of the window.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
And the application publishing module is used for acquiring the configuration information from the visual configuration module, storing the configuration information in an on-line server host, and generating and displaying a two-dimensional code by using an application address fed back by the on-line server.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
The mobile equipment is used for acquiring an access address by scanning the two-dimensional code and sending an access request to the online server;
The visual configuration module is further configured to: acquiring configuration information sent by the online server;
The rendering module is further configured to:
transmitting the data acquired from the data source and the configuration information transmitted by the online server to the mobile device;
The mobile device is further configured to: and rendering the data sent by the rendering module according to the configuration information sent by the rendering module.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
And the permission control module is used for setting the use permission of the user and/or the group to the functions of the system.
A method of visualizing data, comprising:
acquiring data and configuration information for rendering;
and rendering and displaying the data according to the configuration information by using the Web component with the matched type of the data.
According to the data visualization method and system, data and configuration information for rendering are obtained, and the data are rendered and displayed according to the configuration information by using the Web component matched with the data in type. Because multiple types of Web components are provided, visualization of multiple different types of data can be achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a visualization system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an exemplary structure of a map component according to an embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating a schematic of a schematic component according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present application will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
Fig. 1 is a diagram of a data visualization system according to an embodiment of the present application, including: the system comprises a data management module, a visual configuration module, a rendering module, an application publishing module and a permission control module.
The functions of the respective modules will be described in detail below in connection with functions that can be realized by the system shown in fig. 1.
1. The visual configuration module is used for acquiring configuration information in a man-machine interaction mode and configuring the system by using the configuration information.
Specifically, the configuration of the visual design module includes a layout configuration sub-module, an attribute configuration sub-module, and an interaction event configuration sub-module.
The attribute configuration submodule is used for configuring the attribute and the style of the Web component. The interaction event configuration submodule is used for configuring interaction events of the Web component. The layout configuration sub-module is used for configuring the layout of the application.
That is, the visual design module can acquire the attribute of the Web component, the interaction event and the configuration information of the layout of the application through a man-machine interaction mode (including but not limited to a drag operation on the interaction interface), and apply the configuration information to the corresponding module serving as a configuration object in the system.
It will be appreciated that the visual design module may also store configuration information. Specifically, each sub-module stores the respective configuration information.
2. The data management module is used for extracting data for rendering and providing data caching and query functions.
Specifically, the data management module comprises a data extraction sub-module, a data caching sub-module and a data query sub-module.
The data extraction submodule dynamically extracts a map description JSON file from a server indicated by the data service link through the managed data service link, wherein the JSON file describes a standard format of map content in a data source and comprises the following steps: the name of the map, the service address, the base map of the map, the vector layer superimposed in the map, the visual layer superimposed in the map, the projection coordinate system of the map, and the spatial information such as the range and the center point of the map.
The types of the service addresses include: superMap REST map services, superMap REST data services, superMap REST three-dimensional services, superMap REST real-time data services, internet map services, three-party map services, and three-party data services.
The data extraction sub-module analyzes the map description JSON file, extracts data from the server through the service address, wherein the streaming data service needs to establish connection through a WebSocket of the HTML5 to acquire the data, and other services acquire the data through an HTTP/HTTPS protocol.
Examples of extracted source data formats include: stored in SuperMap iPortal/iServer/iEdge/Online server: two-dimensional map tiles, two-dimensional vector tiles, three-dimensional scene tiles, three-dimensional model tiles, excel data, CSV data, JSON data, geoJSON data, stream data, and the like. Stored in the internet map server: street map tiles, terrain tiles, image tiles, annotation tiles, and the like. Stored in a three-way server: timing JSON data, excel data, CSV data, JSON data, geoJSON data, etc. Stored in a three-way server: video streams, pictures, web pages, etc.
The data caching submodule is used for caching data and extracting data by the data extracting submodule. The data query sub-module may search for data matching the query instruction from the data cache sub-module in response to the query instruction (entered by the user) and output search results.
3. And the rendering module acquires data and visualizes the data according to the configuration information.
The rendering module includes: the system comprises a data acquisition sub-module, a configuration information acquisition sub-module, a Web component, a component rendering sub-module and an interaction event processing sub-module.
The data acquisition submodule is used for acquiring the data extracted by the data extraction submodule. The configuration information acquisition sub-module is used for acquiring the configuration information acquired by the visual configuration sub-module.
In fig. 1, the Web component includes: a chart component and a map component are examples. In some implementations, the Web component may also include portions not shown in fig. 1, some examples of which are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
It will be appreciated that in embodiments of the present application, only visualization of chart data and map data is illustrated.
The component rendering sub-module sends the map data and the configuration information of the map component to the map component, and the map component renders and displays the map according to the map data and the configuration information of the map component.
An example of a map component structure is shown in fig. 2, and in conjunction with fig. 2, the component rendering sub-module delivers map data and configuration information of the map component to the View Model layer (ViewModel) of the map component for business processing, then to the Model layer (Model) for data conversion, then to the View layer (View) for data conversion by calling the interface provided by HTML5 Canvas/WebGL objects, according to the attribute configuration information: data source information, style information, layout information and the like are sequentially drawn on a map base map (a two-dimensional map, a two-dimensional image, a three-dimensional terrain, a three-dimensional model, point cloud data, oblique photographing data, vector tiles and the like), an overlapped vector image layer (JSON data, geoJSON data and the like), an overlapped visual image layer (a thematic map, a thermodynamic diagram, a grid map, a density map, an O-D map and the like) and the like in the current screen range, and rendering adjustment is performed on the rotation angle, the vertical angle, the light source information and the like of the map.
The component rendering sub-module sends the chart data and the configuration information of the chart component to the chart component, and the chart component renders and displays a chart according to the chart data and the configuration information of the chart component.
One structural example of a diagram component is shown in fig. 3, and in conjunction with fig. 3, the component rendering submodule delivers diagram data and configuration information of the diagram component to a View Model layer (ViewModel) of the diagram component for business processing, then to a Model layer (Model) for data conversion, then to a View layer (View) for data conversion by calling an interface provided by an HTML5 Canvas/WebGL object, and according to the attribute configuration information: data source information, style information, layout information and the like, and performing visual chart rendering on the data.
4. The component rendering sub-module and the interaction event processing sub-module jointly realize the interaction function of the view.
The configuration of the interactivity event may include component association configuration information and interactivity event configuration information.
The component rendering sub-module associates corresponding map interaction sub-components (indicated by the component association configuration information) at a View layer (View) of the map component through the component association configuration information, then renders the map sub-components, and a user can perform interactive operations on the rendered map and geographic data, such as scaling, translation, calculation and the like on the map, and performs interactive operations such as layer management, searching, inquiry and the like on the rendered geographic data through an interface of the map sub-components.
The map interaction sub-component refers to a component (control) capable of realizing man-machine interaction operation, and some examples of the map interaction sub-component are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
And the interaction event processing submodule generates an associated monitor and trigger according to the interaction event configuration information. The monitor sets a monitor event for the map interaction sub-component, and once the monitor monitors the monitor event, the monitor triggers an associated trigger, and the associated trigger triggers and executes an associated event preconfigured by the monitor event so as to respond to the monitor event.
It can be appreciated that the correspondence of listeners, triggers, listening events and associated events can be configured in an interaction event configuration.
It will be appreciated that the above setting of listening events to map interaction sub-components by a listener is by way of example only, and listening events may be set by all displayable components.
Table 3 is an example of snoop events that a listener may set, and components that may set snoop events:
TABLE 3 Table 3
Examples of associated events corresponding to triggers, and components that may set the associated events are shown in Table 4:
TABLE 4 Table 4
Examples of some interaction scenarios that can be implemented in conjunction with the examples of table 3 and table 4 are shown in table 5:
TABLE 5
5. The visual configuration module and the component rendering module provide a display interface of the adaptive screen.
The layout configuration submodule in the visual configuration module comprises: the mobile phone terminal comprises a PC terminal configuration sub-module, a tablet terminal configuration sub-module and a mobile phone terminal configuration sub-module.
And the configuration submodule of any one equipment side is used for configuring the layout of the components in the display interface of the equipment. Each set (display interface of any one device) of layout comprises: the number of rows and columns occupied by the component, and the number of rows and columns of the window as a whole (i.e., the window as a whole). In one implementation, the PC side layout includes a window width greater than 540 pixels, and the tablet side and cell phone side layout includes a window width less than or equal to 540 pixels.
The rendering module further includes a layout rendering sub-module.
The layout rendering sub-module is used for matching a set of layouts according to the size (width and height) of a real display window of the display device to render: the window width is larger than 540 pixels, the PC end layout is matched, the window width is smaller than or equal to 540 pixels, and the tablet end or the mobile phone end layout is matched according to the ratio of the length and the width of the window (the ratio of the mobile phone is larger than that of the tablet).
The layout rendering sub-module is further to: according to the size of the real display window (the width and the height of the real display window) and the matched layout (the row number occupied by the component and the whole row number of the window), the width (denoted as P1) and the height (denoted as P2) of the pixel finally rendered by the component are calculated, and the final drawing is performed in the current browser by using the P1 and the P2.
In some implementations, p1= (W1/8/L1) x 8 x c1, p2= (W2/8/L2) x 8 x c2.
P1 is the pixel width of the component rendering, P2 is the pixel height of the component rendering, W1 is the real window width, W2 is the real window height, L1 is the whole window column number, L2 is the whole window column number, C1 is the column number occupied by the component, and C2 is the column number occupied by the component.
6. The mobile device realizes quick preview by scanning the two-dimension code.
The application publishing module obtains configuration information (information configuring Web components, data sources, layouts, styles, etc.) from the visualization configuration module and hosts the stored configuration information on an online server. Online servers include, but are not limited to: superMap iPortal or SuperMap Online. The online server feeds back the application address to the application release module, and the application release module generates and displays the two-dimensional code by using the application address.
The mobile device obtains the access address by scanning the two-dimension code, and sends an access request to the online server, the online server sends the managed configuration information to the mobile device, and a rendering module on the mobile device renders the data obtained from the data source according to the configuration information.
7. The permission control module is used for setting the permission of application retrieval, viewing and editing for the appointed user/group, and the permission of retrieval, viewing and editing can be disclosed for all users.
In summary, the system shown in fig. 1 has the following advantages:
1. Professional geographic data visualization
Support specialized geographic data visualization: two-dimensional maps, two-dimensional images, three-dimensional terrain, three-dimensional models, point cloud data, oblique photography data, vector tiles, time-series data (which may be: real-time monitoring data, time-series position data, time-series satellite images, time-series meteorological data, etc.), and the like; support visualization of rich geographic mapping achievements: thematic map, thermodynamic diagram, grid map, density map, O-D map, etc., while enabling sharing of data among multiple Web components and efficient read, update policies.
2. Support interactive operation, multiple map interactions
The map component and the visual chart component can be interactively operated, and various interaction events can be configured for operations such as zooming, clicking, moving of the map, clicking of the visual chart and the like, for example: filtering data, switching data, highlighting elements, zooming to a map, adding to the map and the like, and simultaneously, a plurality of map components can be linked for visualization to assist a user in data exploration, early warning, scheduling and other scenes.
3. PC end and mobile end window automatic adaptation
The method supports the self-adaptive layout of screens with any size, such as large screen equipment, wide screen equipment, desktop equipment, mobile terminal equipment and the like, supports the custom editing and storage of the layout of the mobile terminal equipment (flat panel and mobile phone), and supports the editing and storage of the layout by selecting the specified size or the custom ultra-wide screen size, thereby adapting to the screen with any size. After the application is established, the effect of previewing and viewing in the mobile terminal device can be further rapidly achieved by scanning the two-dimensional code.
The functions of the methods of embodiments of the present application, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored on a computing device readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, a part of the present application that contributes to the prior art or a part of the technical solution may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, comprising several instructions for causing a computing device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a mobile computing device or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a usb disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (RAM, random Access Memory), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.
In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, so that the same or similar parts between the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (9)
1. A data visualization system, comprising:
The system comprises a data management module, a visual configuration module and a rendering module;
The data management module is used for acquiring data for rendering;
The visual configuration module is used for acquiring configuration information;
the rendering module comprises a plurality of types of Web components; the rendering module is used for rendering and displaying the data according to the configuration information by using the Web components with the matched types of the data;
the visual configuration module is used for acquiring configuration information and comprises:
The visual configuration module is specifically used for acquiring the component association configuration information and the interaction event configuration information;
The rendering module is configured to render and display the data according to the configuration information by using the Web component with the matched data types, and includes:
The rendering module is specifically configured to, through the component association configuration information, associate a map interaction sub-component with a view layer of a map component, render the component and the map interaction sub-component, so that a user performs interactive operation on the rendered map and geographic data through an interface of the map interaction sub-component;
The rendering module is configured to render and display the data according to the configuration information by using the Web component with the matched data types, and includes:
And based on the component rendering sub-module in the rendering module, delivering map data and configuration information of the map component to a view model layer of the map component for service processing, delivering the map data and the configuration information to the model layer for data conversion after service processing, delivering the map data and the configuration information to an interface provided by the view layer through invoking an HTML5 Canvas/WebGL object after data conversion, at least sequentially drawing a map base map, a superimposed vector layer or a superimposed visual layer in a current screen range according to at least data source information, style information and layout information in attribute configuration information, and at least rendering and adjusting a rotation angle, a vertical angle and light source information of a map, wherein the map base map at least comprises: two-dimensional maps, two-dimensional images, three-dimensional terrain, three-dimensional models, point cloud data, oblique photography data, and vector tiles; the vector image layer at least comprises: JSON data, geoJSON data; the visual layer at least comprises: thematic map, thermodynamic map, grid map, density map, and O-D map.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the rendering module is further configured to:
Generating an associated monitor and trigger according to the interaction event configuration information;
The monitor is used for setting a monitor event for the interaction sub-component, and the trigger is used for responding to the monitor event monitored by the monitor and triggering and executing the association event preconfigured by the monitor event.
3. The system of any of claims 1-2, wherein the visualization configuration module is further configured to obtain configuration information, comprising:
the visual configuration module is specifically used for acquiring the layout of components in the display interface of any one equipment end;
The rendering module is configured to render and display the data according to the configuration information by using the Web component with the matched data types, and further includes:
the rendering module is specifically configured to perform rendering according to a set of layout matching a size of a display window of a display device, calculate a width and a height of a pixel rendered by the component according to the size of the display window and the matched layout, and perform drawing in a current browser by using the width and the height.
4. A system according to claim 3, wherein the layout comprises:
the component occupies rows and columns, and the display window occupies rows and columns.
5. A system according to claim 3, wherein the rendering module is configured to match a set of layouts according to the size of the display window of the display device, comprising:
the rendering module is specifically configured to match a PC-side layout with the display window having a width greater than a first value, and match a tablet-side or cell-side layout with the display window having a width not greater than the first value according to a ratio of a length and a width of the window.
6. The system of claim 1, further comprising:
And the application publishing module is used for acquiring the configuration information from the visual configuration module, storing the configuration information in an on-line server host, and generating and displaying a two-dimensional code by using an application address fed back by the on-line server.
7. The system of claim 6, further comprising:
The mobile equipment is used for acquiring an access address by scanning the two-dimensional code and sending an access request to the online server;
The visual configuration module is further configured to: acquiring configuration information sent by the online server;
The rendering module is further configured to:
transmitting the data acquired from the data source and the configuration information transmitted by the online server to the mobile device;
The mobile device is further configured to: and rendering the data sent by the rendering module according to the configuration information sent by the rendering module.
8. The system of claim 1, further comprising:
And the permission control module is used for setting the use permission of the user and/or the group to the functions of the system.
9. A method of visualizing data, comprising:
acquiring data and configuration information for rendering;
Rendering and displaying the data according to the configuration information by using the Web component with the matched type of the data;
Acquiring configuration information for rendering, including:
acquiring component association configuration information and interaction event configuration information;
The Web component using the type matching of the data renders the data and displays the data according to the configuration information, and comprises the following steps:
Associating map interaction sub-components at a view layer of a map component through the component association configuration information, rendering the component and the map interaction sub-components, and enabling a user to conduct interactive operation on the rendered map and geographic data through an interface of the map interaction sub-components;
The Web component using the type matching of the data renders the data and displays the data according to the configuration information, and comprises the following steps:
The method comprises the steps that based on component rendering sub-modules in a rendering module, map data and configuration information of the map components are transmitted to a view model layer of the map components to be subjected to service processing, the service processing is transmitted to the model layer to be subjected to data conversion, the data conversion is transmitted to an interface provided by the view layer through calling HTML5 Canvas/WebGL objects, at least a map base map, a superimposed vector image layer or a superimposed visual image layer in a current screen range is at least sequentially drawn according to data source information, style information and layout information in attribute configuration information, and at least the rotation angle, the vertical angle and the light source information of a map are at least subjected to rendering adjustment, and the map base map at least comprises: two-dimensional maps, two-dimensional images, three-dimensional terrain, three-dimensional models, point cloud data, oblique photography data, and vector tiles; the vector image layer at least comprises: JSON data, geoJSON data; the visual layer at least comprises: thematic map, thermodynamic map, grid map, density map, and O-D map.
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