CN114545224A - High-speed switch valve fault detection system and detection method based on noise characteristic information - Google Patents
High-speed switch valve fault detection system and detection method based on noise characteristic information Download PDFInfo
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/327—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers
- G01R31/3271—Testing of circuit interrupters, switches or circuit-breakers of high voltage or medium voltage devices
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- G—PHYSICS
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Abstract
The invention provides a high-speed switch valve fault detection system and a detection method based on noise characteristic information, which are characterized by comprising a noise signal acquisition system and a control system; the noise signal acquisition system comprises a sound pressure sensor, an acquisition card and data acquisition software; the control system comprises a driving program, a high-speed switch valve hardware processor and a switch power supply; by applying the technical scheme, the time domain graph can be generated according to the noise information of the moving part in the high-speed switch valve during working, the moving part fault point in the high-speed switch valve is judged by comparing the peak point of the collected noise time domain graph and the peak point of the reference time domain graph, and the real-time health state of the high-speed switch valve can be detected, and the efficiency of judging the fault point can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-speed switch valve fault detection, in particular to a high-speed switch valve fault detection system and a high-speed switch valve fault detection method based on noise characteristic information.
Background
The high-speed switch valve is generally composed of an armature, a push rod, a valve core, a valve seat, a shell and a gasket. Because the high-speed switch valve's machining precision requirement is high, production cycle is long, and the monomer is with high costs, consequently direct whole change can increase manufacturing cost when breaking down, causes unnecessary wasting of resources. However, in the prior art, the fault point detection aiming at the damage of a certain part of the high-speed switch valve is not realized, the utilization rate of other parts is improved, and the production cost is reduced. At present, the existing method for detecting the quality of the electromagnetic valve is to use a universal meter to measure the resistance of a coil of the electromagnetic valve and determine the quality of the electromagnetic valve according to the size of the resistance, and the traditional method cannot accurately detect the damage of a certain part of a high-speed switch valve. Because the high-speed switch valve is installed in the valve block during operation and the working stroke is short, whether the internal structure of the high-speed switch valve is damaged or not can not be judged directly by naked eyes. Compare simultaneously in other electromagnetic type ooff valves, the valve volume of high speed switch is less, and the structure is complicated, and small part is more and higher to assembly environment and technical requirement, if unpack apart it and detect the damage position of part, not only can waste a large amount of time and manpower, can influence the performance in later stage moreover, lead to the whole damage of high speed ooff valve even, cause unnecessary loss of property.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, an object of the present invention is to provide a high-speed switching valve fault detection system and a detection method based on noise characteristic information, which are capable of generating a time domain graph according to noise information of a moving component inside a high-speed switching valve during operation, and determining a fault point of the moving component inside the high-speed switching valve by comparing peak points of an acquired noise time domain graph and a reference time domain graph, so as to detect a real-time health state of the high-speed switching valve and improve efficiency of determining the fault point.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the high-speed switching valve fault detection system and method based on noise characteristic information comprises a noise signal acquisition system and a control system; the noise signal acquisition system comprises a sound pressure sensor, an acquisition card and data acquisition software; the control system comprises a driving program, a high-speed switch valve hardware processor and a switch power supply; the fault detection steps implemented based on the fault detection system include:
driving the high-speed switch valve to work by using a control system, and acquiring a sound pressure noise time domain image of the high-speed switch valve by using a noise signal acquisition system;
researching the structural characteristics of the high-speed switch valve, analyzing the main cause of vibration noise of the high-speed switch valve, and marking peak points in a noise time domain graph in a one-to-one correspondence mode with main noise parts on the basis of the noise characteristics of the high-speed switch valve;
under the condition of selecting the same frequency and the same period, collecting a noise signal when the fault-free high-speed switch valve normally operates as a reference time domain graph, collecting a noise signal when the tested high-speed switch valve operates as a tested time domain graph, comparing shock peak points of the tested time domain graph and the reference time domain graph, and if the shock peak points of the tested time domain graph and the reference time domain graph are different, indicating that the tested high-speed switch valve has faults.
In a preferred embodiment, the frequency control of the high-speed switching valve is selected according to the actual working condition, and the time length of noise collection is selected according to twice the period of the high-speed switching valve.
In a preferred embodiment, the sound pressure sensor and the high-speed switch valve are located in a free field environment isolated from external noise interference, and the rest of hardware is outside the free field environment.
In a preferred embodiment, the sound pressure sensor is placed directly above the high-speed switching valve.
In a preferred embodiment, the high-speed switch valve is provided with a shell, a coil is arranged on the inner wall of the shell, and a movable armature and an iron core are arranged inside the shell; a gasket is arranged between the movable armature and the upper inner wall of the shell, the opening of the shell is fixedly connected with a guide sleeve, one end of the iron core is abutted against the guide sleeve, and the other end of the iron core is abutted against the movable armature; a first accommodating cavity is formed in one end, facing the upper inner wall of the shell, of the movable armature; a first spring is arranged in the first accommodating cavity; a valve core is arranged in the guide sleeve; a first abdicating channel is arranged in the iron core, a first push rod is arranged in the first abdicating channel, and one end of the first push rod is abutted against the valve core; one end of the guide sleeve, which is far away from the shell, is connected with a valve seat; the valve core extends to the inner part of the valve seat; a second abdicating channel is arranged in the valve core, and a second push rod is arranged in the second abdicating channel; a second accommodating cavity is formed in the bottom of the valve seat, and a second spring is arranged in the second accommodating cavity; the second spring is arranged at the top and the bottom of one end of the second push rod.
In a preferred embodiment, the noise characteristic and peak marking mode of the high-speed switching valve are as follows: in the high-speed switch valve, the collision between the movable armature and the first push rod, between the first push rod and the valve core and between the valve core and the valve seat is a main noise source, the collision between the movable armature and the first push rod, between the first push rod and the valve core and between the valve core and the valve seat occur simultaneously, the distances between the movable armature and the first push rod, between the first push rod and the valve core and between the movable armature and the valve core and the valve seat and the sound pressure sensor right above the high-speed switch valve are different, the three peaks are represented as three peak values at different time on a noise time domain diagram, and the three peak values are marked as the collision of the three positions according to the distances between the three positions and the sound pressure sensor.
In a preferred embodiment, the peak marks of the high-speed switch valve are specifically:
the noise time domain graph starting shock peak point comprises the following steps:
starting a first peak point, and setting the first peak point as a peak point of a movable armature-first push rod;
starting a second peak point, and setting the second peak point as a peak point of the first push rod-valve core;
starting a third peak point, and setting the third peak point as a peak point of the valve core-valve seat;
the noise time domain graph closing shock peak point comprises the following steps:
closing the first peak point, and setting the first peak point as a peak point of the movable armature-gasket;
closing the second peak point, and setting the second peak point as a peak point of the movable armature-the first push rod;
and closing the third peak point and setting the third peak point as the peak point of the first push rod-valve core.
In a preferred embodiment, if the opening first peak point is different from the opening first reference peak point, the fault of the movable armature-first push rod part of the high-speed switch valve is indicated; if the starting second peak point is different from the starting second reference peak point, the first push rod-valve core component of the high-speed switch valve is in fault; and if the third peak value is not the same as the third reference peak value, the valve core-valve seat component of the high-speed switch valve is in failure.
In a preferred embodiment, if the closing first peak point is different from the closing first reference peak point, the fault of the moving armature-first push rod part of the high-speed switch valve is indicated; if the closing second peak point is different from the closing second reference peak point, the first push rod-valve core component of the high-speed switch valve is in fault; and if the closing third peak point is different from the closing third reference peak point, the valve core-valve seat component of the high-speed switch valve is in failure.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
by adopting the non-contact noise detection method, the fault part of the high-speed switch valve can be accurately, quickly and in real time judged, other parts are prevented from being damaged during disassembly and assembly, the cost risk of utilizing manual misjudgment is reduced, and the fault detection efficiency is greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a high-speed switching valve fault detection system based on noise characteristic information according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the high-speed switching valve and the corresponding part of the noise peak according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a noise time domain diagram of the high-speed switching valve according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application; as used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The invention provides a high-speed switching valve fault detection system and a high-speed switching valve fault detection method based on noise characteristic information, and the technical scheme is shown in a figure 1. The fault detection system comprises a noise acquisition system and a control system of the switch valve, and the schematic diagram of the fault detection system is shown in figure 2. The fault detection system comprises a noise acquisition system: the data acquisition software, the data acquisition system and hardware, the sound pressure sensor and the high-speed acquisition software run on an upper computer, the upper computer is connected with the data acquisition hardware, and the data acquisition hardware is connected with the sound pressure sensor. The control system of the switch valve comprises a COMPACTRIO driver, a COMPACTRIO hardware processor, a high-speed switch valve and a 24V switch power supply, wherein the 24V switch power supply and an upper computer running the COMPACTRIO driver are connected with the COMPACTRIO hardware processor, and the COMPACTRIO hardware processor is connected with the high-speed switch valve through a lead.
The fault detection steps implemented based on the fault detection system include:
driving the high-speed switch valve to work by using a control system, and acquiring a sound pressure noise time domain image of the high-speed switch valve by using a noise signal acquisition system;
researching the structural characteristics of the high-speed switch valve, analyzing the main cause of vibration noise of the high-speed switch valve, and marking peak points in a noise time domain graph in a one-to-one correspondence mode with main noise parts on the basis of the noise characteristics of the high-speed switch valve;
under the condition of selecting the same frequency and the same period, collecting a noise signal when the fault-free high-speed switch valve normally operates as a reference time domain graph, collecting a noise signal when the tested high-speed switch valve operates as a tested time domain graph, comparing shock peak points of the tested time domain graph and the reference time domain graph, and if the shock peak points of the tested time domain graph and the reference time domain graph are different, indicating that the tested high-speed switch valve has faults.
The frequency control of the high-speed switch valve is selected according to actual working conditions, and the time length of noise collection is selected according to twice the period of the high-speed switch valve. The sound pressure sensor and the high-speed switch valve are positioned in a free field environment isolated from external noise interference, and other hardware is positioned outside the free field environment. Since the peak mark mode is related to the position of the sound pressure sensor, the sound pressure sensor in the first step is placed right above the high-speed switch valve.
The internal structure diagram of the high-speed switch valve is shown in fig. 3, the high-speed switch valve is provided with a shell 1, the inner wall of the shell 1 is provided with an electromagnetic coil 3, and the inside of the shell 1 is provided with a movable armature 8 and an iron core 4; a gasket 2 is arranged between the movable armature 8 and the upper inner wall of the shell 1, a guide sleeve 5 is fixedly connected to an opening of the shell 1, one end of the iron core 4 is abutted against the guide sleeve 5, and the other end of the iron core 4 is abutted against the movable armature 8; a first accommodating cavity 12 is formed at one end, facing the upper inner wall of the shell 1, of the movable armature 8; a first spring 11 is arranged in the first accommodating cavity 12, and two ends of the first spring 11 respectively support against the gasket 2 and the movable armature 8; a valve core 6 is arranged in the guide sleeve 5; a first abdicating channel is arranged in the iron core 4, a first push rod 9 is arranged in the first abdicating channel, and one end of the first push rod 9 is abutted against the valve core 6; one end of the guide sleeve 5, which is far away from the shell 1, is connected with a valve seat 7; the valve core 6 extends to the inner part of the valve seat 7; a second abdicating channel is arranged in the valve core 6, and a second push rod 10 is arranged in the second abdicating channel; a second accommodating cavity 14 is formed in the bottom of the valve seat 7, and a second spring 13 is arranged in the second accommodating cavity 14; the second spring 13 pushes up and bottoms one end of the second push rod 10.
When the high-speed switch valve operates, the electromagnetic coil 3 drives the armature 8 to do rapid reciprocating switch motion, impact among components can occur in each opening and closing action, noise generated by the impact is relatively large and regular, and main noise of the high-speed switch valve is mainly generated by three parts, namely the armature 8-first push rod 9 component, the first push rod 9-valve core 6 component and the valve core 6-valve seat 7 component.
The detection method comprises the following specific operation steps:
in implementation, in order to avoid interference of other noises, the sound pressure sensor and the high-speed switching valve are required to be placed in a semi-anechoic laboratory, and the rest of hardware is placed outside the laboratory. Since the noise peak marking mode is related to the position of the sound pressure sensor, the sound pressure sensor is arranged right above the high-speed switch valve.
The 24V switching power supply supplies power to the COMPACTRIO hardware processor, a COMPACTRIO driving program runs on the PC, the driving frequency of the high-speed switching valve is set to be 250Hz, and the COMPACTRIO hardware processor drives the high-speed switching valve to run according to the given frequency. The running time is not more than three minutes, so that the working performance of the high-speed switch valve is prevented from being influenced due to long-time running, and the detected data is invalid to generate misjudgment.
The driving frequency is 250Hz, and the working principle of one period is that +24V voltage is output in the 0 th ms, minus 24V voltage is output in the 1 st ms, 0V voltage is output in the 2 nd ms, the voltage is kept for 2ms, and the operation is carried out by taking 4ms as one period. The data acquisition software is started on the PC, the acquisition time is set to be 8ms, an acquisition program is operated, the sound pressure sensor transmits a noise signal generated by the high-speed switch valve in the silencing laboratory to the data acquisition hardware processor, the data acquisition hardware processor performs filtering and noise reduction on the signal and then transmits the signal to the PC, the data acquisition software converts the processed signal into a time domain diagram to be output, and the noise time domain diagram of the high-speed switch valve is shown in fig. 4.
The collision of three parts, namely a movable armature 8-a first push rod 9, the first push rod 9-a valve core 6 and the valve core 6-a valve seat 7 in the high-speed switch valve is a main noise source, and the three collision parts are a first collision part 15, a second collision part 16 and a third collision part 17 respectively; the three parts collide simultaneously, but the distances between the three parts and the sound pressure sensor right above the high-speed switch valve are different, the three parts are represented as three peaks at different time on a noise time domain diagram, and the three peaks are marked as the collision of the three parts according to the distances between the three parts and the sound pressure sensor. As shown in fig. 4, the specific contents of the noise peak mark of the high-speed switching valve are as follows:
the noise time domain graph starting shock peak point comprises the following steps:
starting a first peak point, and setting the first peak point as a peak point of the movable armature 8-the first push rod 9;
starting a second peak point, and setting the second peak point as a peak point of the first push rod 9-valve core 6;
starting a third peak point, and setting the third peak point as a peak point of the valve core 6-the valve seat 7;
the noise time domain graph closing shock peak value point comprises the following steps:
closing the first peak point, and setting the first peak point as a peak point of the movable armature 8-gasket 2;
closing the second peak point, and setting the second peak point as the peak point of the movable armature 8-the first push rod 9;
closing the third peak point, and setting the third peak point as a peak point of the first push rod 9-valve core 6;
and detecting a noise signal of the measured high-speed switch valve during operation as a measured time domain graph, comparing the collected measured time domain graph with the shock peak point of the reference time domain graph, and if the shock peak points of the measured time domain graph and the reference time domain graph are different, indicating that the measured high-speed switch valve has a fault. The specific implementation steps are as follows:
if the starting first peak point is different from the starting first reference peak point, the movable armature 8-first push rod 9 component of the high-speed switch valve is in fault;
if the starting second peak point is different from the starting second reference peak point, the first push rod 9-valve core 6 component of the high-speed switch valve is in fault;
if the third peak value point is different from the third reference peak value point, the valve core 6-valve seat 7 part of the high-speed switch valve is in fault.
If the closing first peak point is different from the closing first reference peak point, the movable armature 8-first push rod 9 component of the high-speed switch valve is in fault;
if the closing second peak point is different from the closing second reference peak point, the first push rod 9-valve core 6 part of the high-speed switch valve is in fault;
and if the third closing peak point is different from the third closing reference peak point, the valve core 6-valve seat 7 part of the high-speed switch valve is in fault.
Claims (9)
1. The high-speed switching valve fault detection system and the detection method based on the noise characteristic information are characterized by comprising a noise signal acquisition system and a control system; the noise signal acquisition system comprises a sound pressure sensor, an acquisition card and data acquisition software; the control system comprises a driving program, a high-speed switch valve hardware processor and a switch power supply; the fault detection steps implemented based on the fault detection system include:
driving the high-speed switch valve to work by using a control system, and acquiring a sound pressure noise time domain image of the high-speed switch valve by using a noise signal acquisition system;
researching the structural characteristics of the high-speed switch valve, analyzing the main cause of vibration noise of the high-speed switch valve, and marking peak points in a noise time domain graph in a one-to-one correspondence mode with main noise parts on the basis of the noise characteristics of the high-speed switch valve;
under the condition of selecting the same frequency and the same period, collecting a noise signal when the fault-free high-speed switch valve normally operates as a reference time domain graph, collecting a noise signal when the tested high-speed switch valve operates as a tested time domain graph, comparing shock peak points of the tested time domain graph and the reference time domain graph, and if the shock peak points of the tested time domain graph and the reference time domain graph are different, indicating that the tested high-speed switch valve has faults.
2. The system and the method for detecting the fault of the high-speed switching valve based on the noise characteristic information according to claim 1, wherein the frequency control of the high-speed switching valve is selected according to actual working conditions, and the time length of noise collection is selected according to twice the period of the high-speed switching valve.
3. The system and the method for detecting the fault of the high-speed switching valve based on the noise characteristic information according to claim 1, wherein the sound pressure sensor and the high-speed switching valve are located in a free field environment isolated from external noise interference, and the rest hardware is outside the free field environment.
4. The system and method for detecting a fault of a high-speed switching valve based on noise characteristic information according to claim 1, wherein the sound pressure sensor is placed right above the high-speed switching valve.
5. The system and the method for detecting the fault of the high-speed switching valve based on the noise characteristic information are characterized in that the high-speed switching valve is provided with a shell, a coil is arranged on the inner wall of the shell, and a movable armature and an iron core are arranged inside the shell; a gasket is arranged between the movable armature and the upper inner wall of the shell, a guide sleeve is fixedly connected with an opening of the shell, one end of the iron core is abutted against the guide sleeve, and the other end of the iron core is abutted against the movable armature; a first accommodating cavity is formed in one end, facing the upper inner wall of the shell, of the movable armature; a first spring is arranged in the first accommodating cavity; a valve core is arranged in the guide sleeve; a first abdicating channel is arranged in the iron core, a first push rod is arranged in the first abdicating channel, and one end of the first push rod is abutted against the valve core; one end of the guide sleeve, which is far away from the shell, is connected with a valve seat; the valve core extends to the inner part of the valve seat; a second abdicating channel is arranged in the valve core, and a second push rod is arranged in the second abdicating channel; a second accommodating cavity is formed in the bottom of the valve seat, and a second spring is arranged in the second accommodating cavity; the second spring is arranged at the top and the bottom of one end of the second push rod.
6. The high-speed switching valve fault detection system and method based on noise characteristic information according to claim 5, wherein the specific contents of the noise characteristic and the peak marking mode of the high-speed switching valve are as follows: in the high-speed switch valve, the collision between the movable armature and the first push rod, between the first push rod and the valve core and between the valve core and the valve seat is a main noise source, the collision between the movable armature and the first push rod, between the first push rod and the valve core and between the valve core and the valve seat occur simultaneously, the distances between the movable armature and the first push rod, between the first push rod and the valve core and between the movable armature and the valve core and the valve seat and the sound pressure sensor right above the high-speed switch valve are different, the three peaks are represented as three peak values at different time on a noise time domain diagram, and the three peak values are marked as the collision of the three positions according to the distances between the three positions and the sound pressure sensor.
7. The system and the method for detecting the fault of the high-speed switching valve based on the noise characteristic information as claimed in claim 6, wherein the specific content of the peak mark of the high-speed switching valve is as follows:
the noise time domain graph starting shock peak point comprises the following steps:
starting a first peak point, and setting the first peak point as a peak point of a movable armature-first push rod;
starting a second peak point, and setting the second peak point as a peak point of the first push rod-valve core;
starting a third peak point, and setting the third peak point as a peak point of the valve core-valve seat;
the noise time domain graph closing shock peak point comprises the following steps:
closing the first peak point, and setting the first peak point as a peak point of the movable armature-gasket;
closing the second peak point, and setting the second peak point as a peak point of the movable armature-the first push rod;
and closing the third peak point, and setting the third peak point as the peak point of the first push rod-valve core.
8. The system and the method for detecting the fault of the high-speed switch valve based on the noise characteristic information as claimed in claim 7, wherein if the starting first peak point is different from the starting first reference peak point, the fault of the moving armature-first push rod component of the high-speed switch valve is indicated; if the starting second peak point is different from the starting second reference peak point, the first push rod-valve core component of the high-speed switch valve is in fault; and if the third peak value is not the same as the third reference peak value, the valve core-valve seat component of the high-speed switch valve is in failure.
9. The system and the method for detecting the fault of the high-speed switch valve based on the noise characteristic information as claimed in claim 7, wherein if the closing first peak point is different from the closing first reference peak point, the fault of the moving armature-first push rod component of the high-speed switch valve is indicated; if the closing second peak point is different from the closing second reference peak point, the first push rod-valve core component of the high-speed switch valve is in fault; and if the closing third peak point is different from the closing third reference peak point, the valve core-valve seat component of the high-speed switch valve is in failure.
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