CN114544972A - 一种快速区分小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌与中间型耶尔森氏菌的检测方法 - Google Patents
一种快速区分小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌与中间型耶尔森氏菌的检测方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种快速区分小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌与中间型耶尔森氏菌的检测方法,利用基质辅助激光解析电离飞行时间质谱检测小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌与中间型耶尔森氏菌的肽指纹图谱,根据两种耶尔森氏菌特征峰的不同,鉴定其特征蛋白,区分小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌与中间型耶尔森氏菌。本发明采用的方法比现有的传统生化实验鉴定时间缩短1‑2天,可以快速区分小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌与中间型耶尔森氏菌,实现快速检测。该方法自动化程度高,检测时间短,有效降低一线检测人员接触食源致病菌的几率,减少食源致病菌对人和环境污染的风险。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种利用基质辅助激光解析电离飞行时间质谱(Matrix-AssistedLaser Desorption Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry,MALDI-TOF MS)技术快速区分小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌与中间型耶尔森氏菌的检测方法。
背景技术
小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌(Yersinia enterocolitica)的分布很广,可存在于生的蔬菜、乳和乳制品、肉类、豆制品、沙拉、牡蛎、蛤和虾。也存在于环境中,如湖泊、河流、土壤和植被。已从家畜、狗、猫、山羊、灰鼠、水貂和灵长类动物的粪便中分离出该菌。在港湾周围,许多鸟类包括水禽和海鸥可能是带菌者。它能引起一种叫做耶尔森氏菌病(Yersiniosis)的人兽共患病,不但能够感染猪、牛、羊等各类动物,而且被感染的动物排出的粪便中也携带该菌,从而污染人类食用的食品、水源等资源,导致人类发生呕吐、腹泻等不适症状,严重者甚至能够威胁到生命。世界各地陆续报道的由本菌引起的败血症,其死亡率可达34%~50%。并且,由于该菌的生存条件极广,生长温度0℃~44℃,甚至报道在-2℃仍可生存,生长环境pH4.0~pH10.0,可以适应中强酸碱。因此,小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌是对人类身体健康具有极大威胁的一种细菌。受到小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌污染的食物与正常食物在外形与味觉上没有区别,因此准确、快速地检测食品中的小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌具有十分重要的意义。小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌的检测多采用传统的生化反应实验等,该方法所需时间长,一般情况下需要5-7天,很难满足快速检测的需要。
食品安全国家标准《GB 4789.8-2016食品微生物学检验小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌检验》中,小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌典型菌落在CIN-1上为深红色中心,周围具有无色透明圈(红色牛眼状菌落),菌落大小为1mm-2mm,在改良Y琼脂平板上为无色透明、不黏稠的菌落。中间型耶尔森氏菌(Yersinia intermedia)在平板上形态与小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌相似,两者难以区分,生化鉴定鉴定所需时间长、实验步骤繁琐。
随着现代科学技术的不断发展,特别是免疫学、分子生物学的不断发展,人们已创建了不少快速的小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌检测方法。PCR技术,是一种快速、灵敏、特异性好的技术,但是目前该技术还是依赖于传统方法的前增菌步骤,增菌液中可能含有PCR抑制剂,从而影响PCR的扩增结果。小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌和中间型耶尔森氏菌都属于耶尔森氏菌属,文献报道耶尔森氏菌属抗原性复杂,其抗原特性与其它肠杆菌科的抗原成分相似,难以进行属种间特异性鉴别。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种快速区分小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌与中间型耶尔森氏菌的检测方法,以克服现有技术的上述缺点,从而为食品安全提供科学的依据和指导作用。
本发明的主要原理为:利用基质辅助激光解析电离飞行时间质谱(Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry,MALDI-TOF MS)技术检测小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌与中间型耶尔森氏菌蛋白图谱,根据两种菌产生的蛋白特征峰达到区分的目的,具体包括下列步骤:
1、小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌与中间型耶尔森氏菌的待测样品制备
接种环分别转接小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌与中间型耶尔森氏菌到胰蛋白胨大豆琼脂平板上,26℃培养24~48h;刮取样品5-10mg,加入300μl水,混匀后再加入900μl无水乙醇,仔细混匀。高速离心2min,弃去上请。加入50μl 70%甲酸,仔细混匀,再加入50μl乙腈,仔细混匀,超声破壁10min,高速离心2min,吸出上清。先点1μl样品上清,放干后再点1μlCHCA(α-氰基-4-羟基肉桂酸)基质,晾干后上机进行检测。
2、MALDI-TOF MS/MS分析
参数设置:分析采用反射模式,氮气激光光源,激光频率:80Hz,质谱扫描范围:200-2000Da,每个样品激光轰击次数:100次。
3、蛋白图谱分析
质谱采集的数据通过MASCOT数据库匹配蛋白序列,NCBI网站搜索鉴定蛋白种类。
本发明的有益效果:
本发明的方法作为一种筛选工具,比现有的传统生化实验鉴定时间缩短1-2天,可以快速区分小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌与中间型耶尔森氏菌,实现快速检测。相对于PCR方法和免疫方法,该筛选方法自动化程度更高,降低一线检测人员接触食源致病菌的几率,减少食源致病菌对人和环境污染的风险。
说明书附图
图1是小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌的部分蛋白一级质谱图。
图2是中间型耶尔森氏菌的部分蛋白一级质谱图。
图3是小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌的部分蛋白二级质谱图。
图4是中间型耶尔森氏菌的部分蛋白二级质谱图。
具体实施方式
下列实施例进一步说明本发明,但不应当作对本发明的限制。
实施例1
(1)小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌(NICPBP52203)与中间型耶尔森氏菌(CGMCC 1.6197)培养物的制备
接种环无菌操作分别转接小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌和中间型耶尔森氏菌到营养琼脂平板上,26℃培养24h。刮取样品5-10mg,加入300μl水,混匀后再加入900μl无水乙醇,仔细混匀。高速离心2min,弃去上请。加入50μl 70%甲酸,仔细混匀,再加入50μl乙腈,仔细混匀,超声破壁10min,高速离心2min,吸出上清。先点1μl上清,放干后再点1μl CHCA基质,晾干后上机进行检测。
(2)MALDI-TOF MS/MS分析
分析采用反射模式,氮气激光光源,激光频率:80Hz,质谱扫描范围:200-2000Da,每个样品激光轰击次数:100次。
(3)蛋白图谱分析
质谱采集的数据通过MASCOT数据库匹配蛋白序列,NCBI网站搜索鉴定蛋白种类。
结果见图1-4,图1-4是小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌与中间型耶尔森氏菌的部分蛋白质谱图谱。
方法验证
一种快速区分小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌和中间型耶尔森氏菌的检测方法,该方法对来源于泡菜等食品中的小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌和中间型耶尔森氏菌进行方法验证,通过比较国家标准GB 4789.8-2016和该方法,检测数据表明通过特征蛋白(DUF3560 domain-containing protein)的差异有效区分小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌和中间型耶尔森氏菌,方法的稳定性良好,可以应用于日常检测中区分小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌和中间型耶尔森氏菌。
当然,上述说明并非是对本发明的限制,本发明也并不限于上述举例,本技术领域的普通技术人员,在本发明的实质范围内,作出的变化、改型、添加或替换,都应属于本发明的保护范围。
Claims (3)
1.一种快速区分小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌与中间型耶尔森氏菌的检测方法,其特征在于,利用基质辅助激光解析电离飞行时间质谱技术检测小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌与中间型耶尔森氏菌的蛋白图谱,根据两种耶尔森氏菌特征峰的不同,鉴定其特征蛋白以区分小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌与中间型耶尔森氏菌。
2.如权利要求1所述的检测方法,其特征在于,小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌与中间型耶尔森氏菌二级质谱所得的特征蛋白不同。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的检测方法,其特征在于,所述的检测方法具体包括下列步骤:
(1)小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌与中间型耶尔森氏菌的待测样品制备
接种环分别转接小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌与中间型耶尔森氏菌到胰蛋白胨大豆琼脂平板上,26 ℃培养24 h;刮取样品5-10 mg,加入300 μl水,混匀后再加入900 μl无水乙醇,仔细混匀;高速离心2 min,弃去上请;加入50 μl 70%甲酸,仔细混匀,再加入50 μl乙腈,仔细混匀,超声破壁10 min,高速离心2 min,吸出上清;先点1 μl上清,放干后再点1 μl CHCA基质,晾干后上机进行检测;
(2)MALDI-TOF MS/MS分析
参数设置:分析采用反射模式,氮气激光光源,激光频率: 80Hz,质谱扫描范围: 200-2000Da,每个样品激光轰击次数: 100 次;
(3)小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌与中间型耶尔森氏菌的特征蛋白区分
小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌与中间型耶尔森氏菌产生的蛋白图谱不同,主要区别在某些特征峰不一致,小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌核质比主要在713、860、876,中间型耶尔森氏菌核质比主要在860、876;在核质比为713处,小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌所具有的特征蛋白为DUF3560domain-containing protein。
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