CN114542278A - Hydrogen ignition type methanol engine combustion system and control method - Google Patents
Hydrogen ignition type methanol engine combustion system and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114542278A CN114542278A CN202011297511.6A CN202011297511A CN114542278A CN 114542278 A CN114542278 A CN 114542278A CN 202011297511 A CN202011297511 A CN 202011297511A CN 114542278 A CN114542278 A CN 114542278A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B69/00—Internal-combustion engines convertible into other combustion-engine type, not provided for in F02B11/00; Internal-combustion engines of different types characterised by constructions facilitating use of same main engine-parts in different types
- F02B69/02—Internal-combustion engines convertible into other combustion-engine type, not provided for in F02B11/00; Internal-combustion engines of different types characterised by constructions facilitating use of same main engine-parts in different types for different fuel types, other than engines indifferent to fuel consumed, e.g. convertible from light to heavy fuel
- F02B69/04—Internal-combustion engines convertible into other combustion-engine type, not provided for in F02B11/00; Internal-combustion engines of different types characterised by constructions facilitating use of same main engine-parts in different types for different fuel types, other than engines indifferent to fuel consumed, e.g. convertible from light to heavy fuel for gaseous and non-gaseous fuels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
- F02M25/10—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding acetylene, non-waterborne hydrogen, non-airborne oxygen, or ozone
- F02M25/12—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding acetylene, non-waterborne hydrogen, non-airborne oxygen, or ozone the apparatus having means for generating such gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M31/00—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
- F02M31/02—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating
- F02M31/16—Other apparatus for heating fuel
- F02M31/18—Other apparatus for heating fuel to vaporise fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M31/00—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture
- F02M31/02—Apparatus for thermally treating combustion-air, fuel, or fuel-air mixture for heating
- F02M31/16—Other apparatus for heating fuel
- F02M31/18—Other apparatus for heating fuel to vaporise fuel
- F02M31/183—Control
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a hydrogen ignition type methanol engine combustion system, which comprises a methanol engine, a methanol storage, a fuel supply system for supplying gasified methanol fuel to a gas mixer, an ignition agent supply system for supplying hydrogen ignition agent to the gas mixer, and a mixed gas formed by mixing the gasified methanol fuel, the hydrogen ignition agent and air input by an air inlet pipe according to a proportion, wherein the mixed gas is input into a cylinder of the methanol engine through an air inlet manifold and an air inlet channel. The invention eliminates the methanol fuel high-pressure injection system on the methanol engine. In the hydrogen ignition type methanol engine combustion system provided by the invention, the ignition agent supply system can immediately provide hydrogen ignition agent for the gas mixer when the methanol engine is started, the spark plug provides electric spark to ignite the hydrogen ignition agent in the mixed gas to form ignition flame, and then the ignition flame is used for igniting the rest mixed gas, so that the problem of difficult cold start of the methanol engine can be effectively solved. The invention also provides a control method of the combustion system of the hydrogen ignition type methanol engine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of methanol engines, in particular to a hydrogen ignition type methanol engine combustion system and a control method.
Background
With the continuous improvement of living standard of people, the environmental protection consciousness is gradually increased. With the increasing shortage of petroleum resources on the earth, various new energy automobiles are also generated and are continuously matured with the technological development. Methanol is a substance synthesized from coal, natural gas and other raw materials, and is considered as a first clean fuel for replacing petroleum fuel. Methanol has received widespread attention from people because it has a wide supply chain in china, has the advantages of low price and low pollution discharge generated by combustion on engines. However, the methanol engine is difficult to start at low temperature, which is one of the main reasons why the methanol engine cannot be widely popularized in a large scale at present, and is one of the problems that the methanol engine is urgently needed to overcome at present. In addition, methanol has certain corrosiveness, which can cause the service life of a methanol nozzle to be too short, and the methanol nozzle needs to be frequently replaced, so that the user is inconvenient and the use cost is increased, which is one of the problems to be solved urgently at present.
Researchers have made a lot of researches on dual-fuel combustion, such as adding methanol into diesel oil or gasoline and igniting methanol by an ignition agent, and the application of methanol engines in the automobile industry is greatly limited due to the complex combustion system, high cost, difficult control, poor reliability, easy occurrence of some series of side effects and the like of the methanol engines.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to eliminate a methanol nozzle and solve the problem that the conventional ignition type methanol engine combustion system is difficult to start at a low temperature, so that a simple and practical ignition type methanol engine combustion system using single fuel is designed.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows: the utility model provides a hydrogen ignites ignition formula methyl alcohol engine combustion system, includes methyl alcohol engine and methyl alcohol memory, methyl alcohol engine include the cylinder body, set up in air intake manifold and intake duct, exhaust manifold and exhaust passage on the cylinder body, and set up in at least one cylinder assembly in the cylinder body, cylinder assembly include the cylinder body with set up in spark plug on the cylinder body, its characterized in that still includes:
a liquid methanol high-pressure injection system is eliminated, and comprises a liquid methanol high-pressure pump, a high-pressure common rail (used for stabilizing the high-pressure of the liquid methanol), and a high-pressure nozzle;
the fuel supply system is communicated with the methanol storage and provides gasified methanol fuel for the gas mixer, and comprises a methanol evaporator which is communicated with the methanol storage and is used for evaporating liquid methanol into gaseous methanol, and a methanol gas input pipeline which is communicated with the methanol evaporator and the gas mixer;
the ignition agent supply system is communicated with the methanol storage and provides hydrogen ignition agent for the gas mixer, and comprises a methanol cracker for converting methanol fuel communicated with the methanol storage into the hydrogen ignition agent, a hydrogen storage in which the hydrogen ignition agent is prestored and a hydrogen input pipeline for communicating the hydrogen storage with the gas mixer, wherein the methanol cracker is communicated with the methanol cracker;
the gas mixer will the gaseous methyl alcohol fuel the air of hydrogen ignition agent and air input pipeline input mixes into the mist according to the proportion, will again the mist passes through air intake manifold and intake duct input in the methyl alcohol engine cylinder, the gas mixer include the mixing chamber, set up in rather than the intercommunication on the gas mixing chamber the methyl alcohol gas input pipeline, the hydrogen input pipeline air input pipeline and with the mist output pipeline of air intake manifold intercommunication.
Further, the volume ratio of the hydrogen ignition agent in the mixed gas in the gas mixer to the mixed gas is 1-30%.
Further, the methanol storage device comprises a methanol output pipeline, and a low-pressure pump used for increasing the output pressure of the methanol fuel in the methanol output pipeline is arranged on the methanol output pipeline.
Specifically, a methanol heater for heating the methanol fuel in the methanol output pipeline in the first stage is further arranged on the methanol output pipeline.
Specifically, the methanol engine is communicated with the methanol heater through the exhaust passage and an exhaust manifold, a turbine is arranged between the exhaust manifold and the methanol heater, and an exhaust pipe is arranged at the output end of the methanol heater.
Specifically, the air inlet pipe is provided with an air compressor, the air compressor and the turbine are coaxially connected to form a supercharger, and the air inlet pipe is also provided with an air flow control valve which can adjust the flow of input air to control the mixing ratio of the mixed air.
Furthermore, a hydrogen flow control valve for controlling the output quantity of hydrogen is arranged on the ignition agent pipeline, and a methanol flow control valve for controlling the input quantity of methanol fuel is arranged on the methanol cracker input pipeline.
Further, the methanol cracker is communicated with the hydrogen storage device through a hydrogen pressure control valve, and the hydrogen pressure control valve is used for regulating and controlling the opening and closing of an input pipeline of the hydrogen storage device.
Furthermore, a methanol gas flow control valve for controlling the flow of the gasified methanol fuel entering the gas mixer is arranged on the fuel pipeline.
The combustion system of the hydrogen ignition type methanol engine provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: the methanol engine ignition system is provided with a fuel supply system and an ignition agent supply system, the fuel supply system can immediately provide gasified methanol fuel for a gas mixer when the methanol engine is started, the ignition agent supply system can immediately provide hydrogen ignition agent for the gas mixer when the methanol engine is started, the gasified methanol fuel, the hydrogen ignition agent and air are mixed in proportion through the gas mixer and then are input into a cylinder, the hydrogen ignition agent in the mixed gas is ignited through electric sparks provided by a spark plug in the cylinder to form ignition flame, and the rest mixed gas is ignited through the ignition flame, so that the problem of difficult cold start of the methanol engine can be effectively solved; the fuel supply system provides the gasified methanol fuel for the methanol engine, so that the traditional high-pressure injection system of liquid methanol can be eliminated, the high-pressure injection system of liquid methanol is eliminated, a high-pressure common rail (used for stabilizing the high-pressure of the liquid methanol) and a high-pressure nozzle are eliminated, and the combustion efficiency of the methanol fuel in the cylinder is ensured; the ignition agent supply system can participate in the whole cold start process of the methanol engine, and can greatly shorten the cold start time of the methanol engine; meanwhile, the methanol fuel cracking device is also arranged, so that the methanol fuel in the fuel supply system can be catalytically produced into hydrogen serving as an ignition agent in the operation process of the methanol engine, the hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen storage device, and the sufficient ignition agent is provided for combustion in a cylinder of the methanol engine, so that the methanol fuel cracking device is suitable for wide popularization and use in the automobile industry.
The invention also provides a control method of the combustion system of the hydrogen ignition type methanol engine, which comprises the following steps:
s1, starting the methanol engine, wherein the methanol fuel in the methanol storage enters the fuel supply system and the ignition agent supply system respectively, the fuel supply system provides gasified methanol fuel for the gas mixer, the ignition agent supply system provides hydrogen ignition agent in the hydrogen storage for the gas mixer, the gasified methanol fuel, the hydrogen ignition agent and air are mixed according to a proportion and then enter the cylinder of the methanol engine through the air inlet manifold and the air inlet passage, the hydrogen ignition agent in the mixed gas is ignited by electric spark provided by a spark plug in the cylinder to form a pilot flame, and the rest part of the mixed gas is ignited by the pilot flame to complete a normal combustion process;
and S2, starting the methanol cracker, and heating and catalyzing the methanol fuel in the methanol cracker to generate hydrogen.
The control method of the hydrogen ignition type methanol engine combustion system provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage device can be directly used as the ignition agent to enter the gas mixer to form mixed gas when the methanol engine is in cold start, and the methanol engine is started through the mixed gas, so that the technical problem of difficult cold start of the methanol engine is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a working schematic diagram of a hydrogen ignition type methanol engine combustion system provided by the invention.
In the figure: 1-methanol engine, 2-cylinder, 3-spark plug, 4-exhaust channel, 5-exhaust manifold, 6-inlet channel, 7-inlet manifold and 8-gas mixer;
10-supercharger, 11-turbine, 12-compressor, 13-air flow control valve;
21-methanol storage, 22-low pressure pump, 23-methanol heater;
31-methanol evaporator, 32-methanol gas flow control valve;
41-methanol flow control valve, 42-methanol cracker, 43-hydrogen pressure control valve, 44-hydrogen storage, 45-hydrogen flow control valve;
51-methanol gas input pipeline, 52-hydrogen gas input pipeline, 53-air input pipeline and 54-mixed gas output pipeline.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides a hydrogen ignition type methanol engine combustion system. The hydrogen ignition type methanol engine combustion system takes methanol fuel as basic fuel and hydrogen as ignition agent, the methanol fuel is heated and gasified in the conveying process of the methanol fuel, then the methanol fuel is mixed with the hydrogen ignition agent and air in a gas mixer 8 to form mixed gas, the hydrogen ignition agent in the mixed gas is ignited by electric sparks provided by a spark plug 3 in a cylinder 2 of the methanol engine 1 to form ignition flame, and the rest mixed gas is ignited and combusted by the ignition flame, so that a piston in the cylinder 2 of the methanol engine 1 is pushed to drive the engine to output power. According to the hydrogen ignition type methanol engine combustion system provided by the invention, in the normal operation process of the methanol engine 1, a small part of methanol fuel in the methanol storage 21 is catalytically cracked into hydrogen of an ignition agent, the hydrogen is stored in the hydrogen storage 44, and the sufficient hydrogen ignition agent is provided for the next start or the working cycle of the engine.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the hydrogen ignition type methanol engine combustion system includes a methanol engine 1, a methanol storage 21, a methanol evaporator 31 which is communicated with the methanol storage 21 and supplies vaporized methanol fuel to a gas mixer 8, an ignition agent supply system 42 which is communicated with the methanol storage 21 and supplies hydrogen ignition agent to the gas mixer 8, and an air input pipe 53 which mixes the vaporized methanol fuel, the hydrogen ignition agent and air input from the air input pipe into the gas mixer 8 in proportion to form a mixed gas, and inputs the mixed gas into a cylinder 2 of the methanol engine 1 through an air intake manifold 7 and an air intake duct 6. According to the methanol engine 1, the hydrogen ignition agent in the mixed gas provided by the gas mixer 8 is ignited by the electric spark provided by the spark plug 3 to form the ignition flame, and then the rest gas in the mixed gas formed by the gas mixer 8 is ignited by the ignition flame to complete the normal combustion process in the methanol engine 1, so that the technical problem of difficult starting in the normal cold starting process of the methanol engine 1 can be solved, the combustion process can be improved in the normal working cycle of the methanol engine, the utilization rate of methanol fuel is greatly improved, and the pollutant emission after the methanol engine is combusted is reduced. In the hydrogen ignition agent supply system, basic methanol fuel is provided by the methanol storage 21, and then the methanol fuel is cracked by using the action of high temperature and a catalyst to prepare the hydrogen ignition agent which can be ignited by the spark plug 3 of the methanol engine 1, so that enough hydrogen ignition agent is always kept in the long-time repeated use process of the methanol engine 1 and the cold start process of the methanol engine 1.
Further, in the combustion system of the hydrogen ignition type methanol engine provided by the invention, the methanol engine 1 comprises at least one cylinder 2, an air inlet passage 6, an air inlet manifold 7, an air outlet passage 4 and an exhaust manifold 5. In the present embodiment, four cylinders 2 are disposed in the methanol engine 1 in a row, and the fuel supply system and the ignition agent supply system communicate the methanol engine 1 with the methanol storage 21, so that sufficient fuel can be supplied to the methanol engine 1 at all times. The cylinder 2 provided in the methanol engine 1 includes a spark plug 3. The cylinder 2 is communicated with a gas mixer 8 through an air inlet passage 6 and an air inlet manifold 7 to realize the supply of the gasified methanol fuel, the hydrogen ignition agent and the air. The cylinder 2 of the methanol engine 1 does not need to be provided with a high-pressure nozzle for injecting methanol fuel, and the methanol fuel is directly gasified by a fuel supply system, mixed with a hydrogen ignition agent and air and then input into the cylinder 2 to realize the combustion process of the methanol fuel. It is possible to save the cost of the methanol injection system and to avoid the methanol injection system malfunction which often occurs, compared to the conventional methanol engine 1.
Further, the methanol fuel output from the methanol storage 21 provided by the present invention passes through the low pressure pump 22. The low-pressure pump 22 can provide conveying power for the methanol fuel, and ensure that the methanol fuel is finally conveyed into the methanol engine 1 to be effectively combusted. The methanol fuel output from the low pressure pump 22 enters the methanol heater 23. The methanol heater 23 performs a first stage heating of the methanol fuel. The methanol heater 23 can raise the temperature of all methanol fuels as soon as possible, and can perform preliminary temperature rise for the methanol fuel to be gasified before entering the methanol evaporator 31, or for the methanol fuel to be cracked into a hydrogen ignition agent before entering the methanol cracker 42. The temperature of the methanol fuel heated by the first stage of the methanol heater 23 is increased, so that the time for gasifying the methanol fuel in the methanol evaporator 31 can be shortened, and the efficiency for cracking the methanol fuel into hydrogen in the methanol cracker 42 can be improved. The methanol heater 23 disposed on the methanol delivery pipe may heat the methanol fuel by using the residual heat of the exhaust gas generated by the methanol engine 1, or may heat the methanol fuel in a primary heating manner by other electric heating methods. Most of the heated methanol fuel enters the methanol evaporator 31 for gasification, and a small part of the heated methanol fuel enters the methanol cracker 42 through the methanol flow control valve and is cracked under the action of the catalyst to generate hydrogen as an ignition agent.
Further, the fuel supply system provided on the methanol engine 1 includes a methanol vaporizer 31 that realizes vaporization of the methanol fuel in communication with the methanol storage 21 and a methanol gas flow rate control valve 31 in communication with the gas mixer 8. The fuel supply system supplies most of the methanol fuel in the methanol storage 21 to the methanol vaporizer 31 to be vaporized. The methanol vaporizer 31 may be configured to perform a second-stage heating of the methanol fuel, to further increase the temperature of the methanol fuel to be vaporized, and to introduce the vaporized methanol fuel into the gas mixer 8 through the methanol gas flow control valve 32. The methanol gas flow control valve 32 is provided to adjust the methanol gas required for the input to the gas mixer according to the speed and load of the automobile.
Further, the hydrogen ignition agent supply system provided on the methanol engine 1 includes a methanol flow control valve 41 communicating with the methanol storage 21, a methanol cracker 42 cracking the methanol fuel into the hydrogen ignition agent, a hydrogen storage 44 in which hydrogen is prestored and communicating with the methanol cracker 42, and a hydrogen input pipe 52 communicating the hydrogen storage 44 with the gas mixer 8. The hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage 44 in the ignition agent supply system can supply hydrogen as an ignition agent into the gas mixer 8 immediately at the start of the methanol engine 1. The ignition agent supply system participates in the whole cold start process of the methanol engine 1, solves the problem of difficulty in cold start of the methanol engine 1, can greatly shorten the cold start time of the methanol engine 1, and improves the cold start efficiency of the methanol engine 1.
In the ignition agent supply system provided by the invention, the hydrogen gas pre-stored in the hydrogen gas storage 44 is used for ensuring that the methanol engine 1 can provide enough hydrogen gas which can be used as the ignition agent and is needed by cold start for the mixed gas of the gas mixer 8 for multiple times when being used for the first time. Therefore, the hydrogen storage 44 needs to ensure a corresponding appropriate capacity according to the power of the engine, so that the whole amount of hydrogen in the hydrogen storage 44 can be used for the cold-start methanol engine 1 to be ignited for many times.
Specifically, the hydrogen gas storage 44 stores hydrogen gas in an amount 10 times to 20 times, or even greater, than the amount of hydrogen gas required for at least 10 single cold starts of the methanol engine. During the normal operation of the methanol engine 1, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage 44 may continuously participate in the operation of the methanol engine 11, or after the operation of the methanol engine 1 is stabilized, the input and mixing of the hydrogen ignition agent may be stopped. However, in order to ensure that sufficient hydrogen ignition agent is available to generate a pilot flame each time the methanol engine 1 is ignited, it is necessary to be able to generate hydrogen to replenish the hydrogen reservoir 44 during normal operation of the methanol engine 1.
Further, the ignition type methanol engine combustion system provided by the invention further comprises a gas mixer 8, wherein the mixer 8 comprises a gas mixing chamber, methanol gas is input through a methanol gas input pipeline 51, hydrogen is input through a hydrogen input pipeline 52, air is input through an air input pipeline 53, and mixed gas is output through a mixed gas output pipeline 54. Specifically, the mixer 8 inputs the gasified methanol fuel supplied from the fuel supply system into the mixing chamber of the gas mixer 8 through the methanol gas input pipe 51, inputs the ignition agent hydrogen supplied from the ignition agent supply system into the mixing chamber of the gas mixer 8 through the hydrogen gas input pipe 52, inputs the outside air into the mixing chamber of the gas mixer 8 through the air input pipe 53, mixes the inputted various gases in proportion to form the required mixed gas through the mediation of the methanol gas flow control valve 32, the hydrogen flow control valve 45 and the air flow control valve 13, sends the mixed gas to the intake manifold 7 through the mixed gas output pipe 54, and finally inputs the mixed gas into the cylinder 2 of the methanol engine 1 through the intake manifold 7 and the intake duct 6, thereby realizing the combustion process of the mixed gas in the methanol engine 1.
Specifically, the mixing chamber in the gas mixer 8 provides a gas mixing space for mixing the gasified methanol fuel fed from the fuel feeding system with air and the hydrogen ignition agent fed from the ignition agent feeding system to form a mixed gas. Wherein, the hydrogen ignition agent in the mixed gas formed in the mixing chamber of the gas mixer 8 is required to be ensured to be 1-30% in volume ratio (according to the speed and load change of the automobile), so that the ignition plug 3 in the cylinder 2 of the methanol engine 1 can ignite the hydrogen ignition agent to form a pilot flame, thereby ensuring that other mixed gas in the cylinder 2 can be fully combusted. If the volume ratio of the hydrogen ignition agent to the mixed gas is less than 1%, flame cannot be ignited by a spark plug when the methanol engine 1 is in cold start in the cylinder 2, and the methanol engine 1 cannot be in normal cold start. If the volume ratio of the hydrogen ignition agent to the mixed gas is greater than 30%, it cannot be guaranteed that the ignition agent supply system can always provide sufficient hydrogen ignition agent for use, and sufficient use of the hydrogen ignition agent required in the normal cold start process of the subsequent methanol engine 1 will be affected. During the cold start of the methanol engine 1, the temperature in the cylinder 2 is low, so that the demand of the hydrogen ignition agent in the mixed gas in the cylinder 2 is large, and the volume of the hydrogen ignition agent accounts for a high proportion of the volume of the mixed gas. After the methanol engine 1 normally operates, the demand of hydrogen in the mixed gas in the cylinder 2 is reduced, the amount of hydrogen used as a combustion-supporting ignition agent can be adjusted according to actual needs, and even when the methanol engine 1 normally operates, the input of the hydrogen ignition agent can be closed. In the hydrogen ignition type methanol engine combustion system provided by the invention, the hydrogen storage 44 is used for storing hydrogen for use in cold start and normal operation of the methanol engine 1, so that when the methanol engine 1 is started in an initial state and the methanol cracker 42 does not generate hydrogen, a sufficient amount of hydrogen with a sufficient concentration can be immediately provided for the interior of the mixer 8. The hydrogen in the hydrogen storage 44 in the ignition agent supply system can immediately provide hydrogen as an ignition agent for the gas mixer 8 when the methanol engine 1 is in cold start, and form mixed gas in the gas mixer 8, so that the technical problem that the methanol engine 1 is difficult to cold start and is difficult to burn is solved, the cold start time of the methanol engine 1 can be greatly shortened, and the cold start efficiency of the methanol engine 1 is improved; and this ignition agent feed system provides sufficient ignition agent for cylinder 2 of methanol engine 1, can also improve the inside methanol fuel combustion efficiency of methanol engine 10, improves the utilization ratio of methanol fuel.
Further, in the combustion system of the ignition type methanol engine provided by the invention, a methanol cracker 42 for supplying the hydrogen as the ignition agent to a hydrogen storage 44 is also arranged in the fuel supply system. The methanol cracker 42 converts a small portion of the methanol fuel supplied from the methanol storage 21 into hydrogen gas, which is an ignition agent in the present invention. The methanol cracker 42 can realize the self-production self-sufficiency of the ignition type methanol engine combustion system in the normal working process of the ignition type methanol engine, and ensure that the methanol fuel catalyzes to generate the hydrogen ignition agent in the normal running process of the methanol engine 1, so that the hydrogen ignition agent is used for cold start of the methanol engine 1 and is ignited by electric sparks generated by a spark plug 3 in a cylinder 2 in the normal working process. The heated methanol fuel output by the methanol heater passes through the methanol flow control valve 41, a small part of the methanol fuel enters the methanol cracker 42 after the control of the methanol flow control valve 41, the methanol fuel is reheated in the methanol cracker 42 and cracked to generate hydrogen under the action of the catalyst, and the hydrogen in the methanol cracker 42 is conveyed to the hydrogen storage 44 for storage through the control of the hydrogen pressure control valve 43.
Specifically, the methanol cracker 42 provided by the present invention is provided with a secondary heater. The secondary heater in the methanol cracker 42 further heats the methanol fuel that has been primarily heated by the methanol heater 23. On one hand, the working temperature in the methanol cracker 42 can be ensured to meet the temperature required by the methanol cracking hydrogen, and on the other hand, the efficiency of converting the methanol fuel in the methanol cracker 42 into the hydrogen ignition agent can be improved, thereby ensuring that the methanol fuel can be subjected to an efficient and effective conversion process in the methanol cracker 42.
Specifically, a methanol flow control valve 41 and a hydrogen pressure control valve 43 are respectively provided on an input pipe and an output pipe of the methanol cracker 42 to control the input amount of the methanol fuel into the methanol cracker 42 and the start and end of the hydrogen output. When the hydrogen in the methanol cracker 42 is sufficiently saturated, the methanol fuel input can be shut off by the methanol flow control valve 41. The hydrogen cracked by the methanol cracker 42 enters the hydrogen storage 44 to be stored through the regulation and control of the hydrogen pressure control valve 43, when the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen storage 44 is smaller than the preset pressure value on the hydrogen pressure control valve 43, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage 44 is consumed to the extent that the hydrogen needs to be supplemented, at the moment, the hydrogen pressure control valve 43 is gradually opened along with the reduction of the internal pressure of the hydrogen storage 44, the hydrogen in the methanol cracker 42 is input into the hydrogen storage 44 to be stored, the hydrogen stored in the hydrogen storage 44 is ensured to meet the requirement of the normal work of the methanol engine 1, and the hydrogen can be supplemented for the hydrogen storage 44 according to the requirement through the regulation of the hydrogen pressure control valve 43. When the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage 44 is full or reaches the preset pressure value of the hydrogen pressure control valve 43, the hydrogen pressure control valve 43 closes the output channel of the methanol cracker 42, and along with the continuous supplement of the methanol fuel, the hydrogen in the methanol cracker 42 is gradually saturated, and at this time, the hydrogen pressure control valve 43 is closed, so that the methanol storage 21 stops providing methanol to the methanol cracker 42, and further the work of the methanol cracker 42 is stopped.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the hydrogen storage 44 in the ignition agent supply system is communicated with the gas mixer 8 through a hydrogen input pipe 52, and a hydrogen flow control valve 45 for controlling the hydrogen output is arranged on the ignition agent hydrogen input pipe 52. The hydrogen gas input into the gas mixer 8 is controlled by the hydrogen gas flow rate control valve 45. When the internal temperature of the methanol engine 1 meets the combustion temperature of the methanol fuel, the input amount of hydrogen entering the gas mixer 8 is reduced by adjusting the hydrogen flow control valve 45, so as to meet the requirement of the ignition agent required by the normal operation in the cylinder 2 of the methanol engine 1. When the temperature in the methanol engine 1 is lowered or the methanol engine 1 needs to be started again, the input amount of the hydrogen gas entering the gas mixer 8 is adjusted by the hydrogen gas flow control valve 45, so as to increase the concentration of the hydrogen gas in the gas mixer 8.
Further, in the fuel supply system of the present invention, the methanol gas feed line 51 is provided with a methanol gas flow control valve 32 for controlling the flow rate of the vaporized methanol fuel into the gas mixer 8. The input amount of the methanol fuel vaporized in the methanol gas input line 51 into the gas mixer 8 is controlled by the methanol gas flow control valve 32.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, in the combustion system of a hydrogen ignition type methanol engine provided by the present invention, combustion exhaust gas in a cylinder 2 of the methanol engine 1 enters an exhaust manifold 5 through an exhaust passage 4, and then is communicated with a methanol heater 23, and high temperature exhaust gas output by the exhaust manifold 5 drives a turbine 11 on an exhaust gas turbocharger 10. The turbine 11 coaxially drives the compressor 12 to increase the input air pressure, and the engine inflation efficiency is improved. The exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust manifold 5 passes through the turbine 11 and then enters the methanol heater 23, so that the residual heat of the exhaust gas from the methanol engine 1 can be fully utilized to heat the methanol flowing through the methanol heater 23, and the high-temperature heat of the exhaust gas discharged from the methanol engine 1 can be converted into useful work to be used as methanol fuel for primary heating. The exhaust gas passes through the methanol heater 23 and then enters an exhaust gas post-treatment device (not shown) through an exhaust pipe, and the exhaust gas treated by the post-treatment device is discharged into the atmosphere.
The invention also provides a control method of the combustion system of the hydrogen ignition type methanol engine 1, which comprises the following steps:
s1, enabling the methanol fuel in the methanol storage 21 to respectively enter a fuel supply system and an ignition agent supply system, enabling the fuel supply system to provide gasified methanol fuel for the gas mixer 8, enabling the ignition agent supply system to provide hydrogen ignition agent in the hydrogen storage 44 for the gas mixer 8, enabling the gasified methanol fuel, the hydrogen ignition agent and air input by the air input pipeline 53 to be mixed in the gas mixer 8 in proportion to form mixed gas, enabling the mixed gas to be output by a mixed gas output pipeline 54 and enter the cylinder 2 of the methanol engine 1 through the air inlet pipeline 6 through the air inlet manifold 7, enabling the hydrogen in the mixed gas to be ignited through electric sparks provided by the spark plug 3 in the cylinder 2 to form flames, and enabling the rest part of the mixed gas to be ignited through the ignition flames to finish a normal combustion process;
specifically, the control method of the hydrogen ignition type methanol engine combustion system is that at S1: in the step of starting the methanol engine 1, the hydrogen flow control valve 45 on the pilot fuel hydrogen input pipe 52 controls the input amount of the hydrogen pilot fuel into the gas mixer 8 so that the input amount of the hydrogen pilot fuel meets the amount required by the mixed gas, and at this time, the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage 44 enters the gas mixer 8 through the pilot fuel hydrogen input pipe 52. Meanwhile, the gasified methanol fuel output from the methanol evaporator 31 enters the gas mixer 8 through the methanol gas flow control valve 32, and the methanol evaporator 31 ensures that the gasified methanol fuel is formed when entering the gas mixer 8. The hydrogen ignition agent, the gasified methanol fuel and the air are fully mixed in the gas mixer 8, and the gas mixer 8 forms mixed gas according to the proportion of various gases, so that the mixed gas suitable for being ignited by the spark plug 3 is formed in the gas mixer 8. The volume ratio of the hydrogen ignition agent in the mixed gas in the gas mixer 8 to the mixed gas is 1-30%, then the mixed gas is input into a cylinder 2 of the methanol engine 1 through an air inlet passage 6 through an air inlet manifold 7, and the hydrogen in the mixed gas is firstly ignited by a spark plug 3 to form pilot flame. And igniting the rest part in the mixed gas through the pilot flame to finish the normal combustion process, and further pushing a piston in a cylinder 2 of the methanol engine 1 to move to output engine driving power.
In step S1, a methanol fuel preprocessing step in the methanol storage 21 is further included, in which the methanol fuel in the methanol storage 21 is driven by the low-pressure pump 22 to enter the methanol heater 23 for the first-stage heating. This methanol heater 23's first order heating can make methanol fuel preliminary heating up, can improve the gasification efficiency of methanol evaporator 31 in the fuel feed system on the one hand, and on the other hand can provide preliminary heating for methanol cracker 42 in the ignition agent feed system, improves methanol cracker 42's catalytic speed.
In step S1, the method further comprises a step of recycling the exhaust gas of the methanol engine 1, wherein the step of recycling comprises outputting the exhaust gas generated by the combustion of the methanol engine 1 through the exhaust passage 4 and delivering the exhaust gas to the methanol heater 23 through the exhaust manifold 5. The high-temperature heat of the exhaust gas is transferred to the methanol fuel in the methanol heater 23, the exhaust gas in the exhaust manifold 5 drives the turbine 11 to rotate, so that the turbine 12 is driven to pressurize, finally, the exhaust gas passing through the methanol heater 23 enters an exhaust gas post-treatment device (not shown) through an exhaust pipe, and the exhaust gas treated by the post-treatment device is discharged into the atmosphere.
And S2, starting the methanol cracker 42, and allowing the methanol fuel regulated by the methanol fuel flow control valve 41 to enter the methanol cracker 42 for high-temperature catalysis to generate hydrogen.
At S2: in the step of starting the methanol cracker 42, most of the methanol fuel in the methanol storage 21 is gasified by the methanol evaporator in the fuel supply system, and a small part of the methanol fuel is adjusted by the methanol fuel flow control valve 41 and then enters the methanol cracker 42 for catalytic reaction. The methanol fuel entering the methanol cracker 42 is further heated to a cracking temperature by a secondary heater (not shown) in the methanol cracker 42, and is cracked into hydrogen gas by the catalytic action of a catalyst arranged inside.
And S3, replenishing hydrogen for the hydrogen storage 44 in the ignition agent supply system: when the pressure value of the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage 43 is greater than or equal to the preset value of the hydrogen pressure control valve 43, the hydrogen pressure control valve 43 is closed, and the hydrogen generated in the methanol cracker 42 is stored inside the methanol cracker 42. When the pressure value of the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage 44 is smaller than the preset value of the hydrogen pressure control valve 43, the hydrogen pressure control valve 43 is opened, and the hydrogen produced in the methanol cracker 42 is sent to the hydrogen storage 44 through the hydrogen pressure control valve 43 to be stored, so as to supplement the hydrogen consumed when the methanol engine 1 is started in the step S1.
S4: closing the methanol cracker 42: when the hydrogen pressure control valve 43 is closed, the methanol fuel is continuously conveyed to the methanol cracker 42, and when the hydrogen in the methanol cracker 42 is gradually saturated, the methanol flow control valve 41 arranged on the methanol input pipeline of the methanol cracker 42 is closed, and the methanol storage 21 stops providing the methanol fuel for the methanol cracker 42, so that the methanol cracker 42 stops working.
S5, closing the ignition agent supply system: when the internal temperature of the methanol engine 1 rises to the normal combustion process plateau temperature, the hydrogen flow rate control valve 45 on the hydrogen input line 52 may be closed. The supply of the hydrogen ignition agent to the gas mixer 8 is stopped, and at this time, the spark plug 3 in the methanol engine 1 can directly ignite the mixed gas without the hydrogen ignition agent supplied in the gas mixer 8. In the normal working process of the methanol engine 1, the ignition agent supply system is closed, so that the service life of the ignition agent supply system 4 can be effectively prolonged.
According to the control method of the hydrogen ignition type methanol engine combustion system, hydrogen in the hydrogen storage 44 can be directly used as an ignition agent to enter the gas mixer 8 to form mixed gas when the methanol engine is in cold start, the methanol engine 1 is started through the mixed gas, the technical problem of difficulty in cold start of the methanol engine is solved, meanwhile, the methanol fuel is catalytically generated by using the operation of the methanol engine 1 and stored in the hydrogen storage 44 to prepare for starting the methanol engine 1 next time, the cold start time of the methanol engine 1 can be greatly shortened, and meanwhile, enough hydrogen ignition agent can be stored in the ignition agent supply system for use when the methanol engine 1 is started next time.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a hydrogen ignites ignition formula methyl alcohol engine combustion system, includes methyl alcohol engine and methyl alcohol memory, methyl alcohol engine include the cylinder body, set up in air intake manifold and intake duct, exhaust manifold and exhaust passage on the cylinder body, and set up in at least one cylinder assembly in the cylinder body, cylinder assembly include the cylinder body with set up in spark plug on the cylinder body, its characterized in that still includes:
a liquid methanol high-pressure injection system is eliminated, and comprises a liquid methanol high-pressure pump, a high-pressure common rail (used for stabilizing the high-pressure of the liquid methanol), and a high-pressure nozzle;
the fuel supply system is communicated with the methanol storage and provides gasified methanol fuel for the gas mixer, and comprises a methanol evaporator which is communicated with the methanol storage and is used for evaporating liquid methanol into gaseous methanol, and a methanol gas input pipeline which is communicated with the methanol evaporator and the gas mixer;
the ignition agent supply system is communicated with the methanol storage and provides hydrogen ignition agent for the gas mixer, and comprises a methanol cracker for converting methanol fuel communicated with the methanol storage into the hydrogen ignition agent, a hydrogen storage in which the hydrogen ignition agent is prestored and a hydrogen input pipeline for communicating the hydrogen storage with the gas mixer, wherein the methanol cracker is communicated with the methanol cracker;
the gas mixer will the gaseous methyl alcohol fuel the air of hydrogen ignition agent and air input pipeline input mixes into the mist according to the proportion, will again the mist passes through air intake manifold and intake duct input in the methyl alcohol engine cylinder, the gas mixer include the mixing chamber, set up in rather than the intercommunication on the gas mixing chamber the methyl alcohol gas input pipeline, the hydrogen input pipeline air input pipeline and with the mist output pipeline of air intake manifold intercommunication.
2. A hydrogen ignition type methanol engine combustion system as set forth in claim 1, wherein the volume ratio of the hydrogen ignition agent in the mixed gas in the gas mixer is 1% -30%.
3. A hydrogen ignition type methanol engine combustion system as set forth in claim 1, wherein said methanol storage comprises a methanol output line, and a low pressure pump for increasing the output pressure of the methanol fuel in said methanol output line is provided on said methanol output line.
4. A hydrogen ignition type methanol engine combustion system as defined in claim 3, wherein the methanol output pipeline is further provided with a methanol heater for performing the first stage heating of the methanol fuel in the methanol output pipeline.
5. The combustion system of a hydrogen ignition type methanol engine as claimed in claim 4, wherein the methanol engine is communicated with the methanol heater through the exhaust passage and an exhaust manifold, a turbine is arranged between the exhaust manifold and the methanol heater, and an exhaust pipe is arranged at the output end of the methanol heater.
6. A hydrogen ignition type methanol engine combustion system as defined in claim 5, characterized in that a compressor is arranged on the air inlet pipe, the compressor is coaxially connected with the turbine to form a supercharger, and an air flow control valve is arranged on the air inlet pipe and can adjust the input air flow to control the mixing ratio of the mixture.
7. A hydrogen ignition type methanol engine combustion system as defined in claim 1, wherein a hydrogen flow control valve for controlling the output of hydrogen is provided on the ignition agent pipeline, and a methanol flow control valve for controlling the input of methanol fuel is provided on the input pipeline of the methanol cracker.
8. A hydrogen ignition type methanol engine combustion system as defined in claim 1, wherein said methanol cracker is connected with said hydrogen storage via a hydrogen pressure control valve, the hydrogen pressure control valve is used for regulating and controlling the opening and closing of the input pipeline of said hydrogen storage.
9. A hydrogen-ignited methanol-ignited engine combustion system as defined in claim 1, wherein said fuel line is provided with a methanol gas flow control valve for controlling the flow of vaporized methanol fuel into said gas mixer.
10. A control method of a hydrogen ignition type methanol engine combustion system as defined in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the steps of:
s1, starting the methanol engine, wherein the methanol fuel in the methanol storage respectively enters the fuel supply system and the ignition agent supply system, the fuel supply system provides gasified methanol fuel for the gas mixer, the ignition agent supply system provides hydrogen ignition agent in the hydrogen storage for the gas mixer, the gasified methanol fuel, the hydrogen ignition agent and air are mixed in proportion and then enter the cylinder of the methanol engine through the air inlet manifold and the air inlet passage, the hydrogen ignition agent in the mixed gas is ignited by the electric spark provided by the spark plug in the cylinder to form an ignition flame, and the rest part of the mixed gas is ignited by the ignition flame to complete the normal combustion process;
and S2, starting the methanol cracker, and heating and catalyzing the methanol fuel in the methanol cracker to generate hydrogen.
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| CN110273790A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-09-24 | 深圳瑞科天启科技有限公司 | The methanol engine system and its operating method of a kind of hydrogen from methyl alcohol as detonator |
| CN111520258A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-08-11 | 南方科技大学 | Compression ignition type methanol engine combustion system and control method |
| CN111520259A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-08-11 | 南方科技大学 | Ignition type methanol engine combustion system and control method |
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2020
- 2020-11-19 CN CN202011297511.6A patent/CN114542278A/en active Pending
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1821558A (en) * | 2006-03-14 | 2006-08-23 | 郑国璋 | Method for fuel methanol of igniting type engine |
| CN110273790A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-09-24 | 深圳瑞科天启科技有限公司 | The methanol engine system and its operating method of a kind of hydrogen from methyl alcohol as detonator |
| CN111520258A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2020-08-11 | 南方科技大学 | Compression ignition type methanol engine combustion system and control method |
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