CN114542149A - Underground roadway rock burst prevention supporting anchor cable - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an underground roadway rock burst prevention support anchor cable which is used for intensively fixing a plurality of groups of anchor cables in a drill hole and an end fixing piece fixedly connected with the bottom of the left side of the drill hole; the device comprises a fixed cylinder embedded and coaxially fixed at the right end of a drill hole, a guide disc is coaxially embedded in a shell at the bottom of the left side of the fixed cylinder, the guide disc is in sealing connection with the fixed cylinder through a sealing gasket, a grouting box body is coaxially arranged at the disc surface of the right side of the guide disc, and the grouting box body is fixedly connected with the inner cylinder wall of the fixed cylinder through a J-shaped fixed plate; the energy-absorbing tensioning device is coaxially arranged in the fixed cylinder and comprises an energy-absorbing component for absorbing energy and tensioning the anchor cable axially and an inner tensioning component for radially tensioning and supporting; the outer tensioning assembly is coaxially arranged at the right end of the fixing barrel body, the right end of each group of anchor cables is separated, expanded and guided, and laid on the surface of the roadway, and the anchor cables corresponding to the adjacent drilled holes are connected and fixed through the adapting pressing fixing seat piece embedded into the inner wall of the roadway.

Description

A kind of underground roadway anti-shock ground pressure support anchor cable

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of mining support, in particular to an anchor cable for anti-shock ground pressure support for underground roadways.

Background technique

Rock burst refers to the dynamic phenomenon of sudden and violent destruction of the rock mass around the roadway or working face due to the instantaneous release of elastic deformation energy, resulting in the phenomenon of coal and rock mass throwing, loud noise and air waves. The cable support structure stretches the rock mass, thereby absorbing and resisting the instantaneously released elastic deformation energy generated by the impact ground pressure. However, in the existing anchor cable support device, the structure is simple, the tensile strength of the support is reduced, the tension adjustment performance of the anchor cable is poor, and it is easy to break and loosen with the bottom of the borehole, which leads to the absorption of elastic deformation energy. And the resistance strength is low, resulting in a poor stabilization effect on the rock mass.

Therefore, those skilled in the art provide an underground roadway anti-shock ground pressure supporting anchor cable to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a kind of underground roadway anti-collision ground pressure supporting anchor cable, characterized in that: it includes:

Anchor cables, the anchor cables are in multiple groups, which are used for centralized fixing inside the borehole;

The bottom of the left side of the drilled hole is connected to the fixed end fixture;

A fixed cylinder embedded in and coaxially fixed to the right end of the drilled hole, the left bottom shell of the fixed cylinder is coaxially embedded with a guide plate, and the guide plate is sealed with the fixed cylinder through a sealing gasket, so A grouting box is coaxially arranged on the right side of the guide plate, and the grouting box is connected and fixed with the inner cylinder wall of the fixed cylinder through a J-shaped fixing plate;

an energy-absorbing tensioning device coaxially arranged inside the fixed cylinder, the energy-absorbing tensioning device comprising an energy-absorbing assembly for axial energy-absorbing tensioning of the anchor cable and an inner tensioning assembly for radial tensioning support;

The outer tensioning assembly coaxially arranged on the right end of the fixed cylinder body separates and expands the right end of each group of anchor cables and lays them on the surface of the roadway. The adapter press-fixing seat is connected and fixed.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the part of the anchor cable passing through the energy-absorbing assembly and the right end of the inner tensioning assembly is an outer anchor cable, and the outer anchor cable is introduced into the outer tension assembly and has greater flexibility.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the number of anchor cables centrally and fixedly installed on the end fixing member is set to seven groups, six groups are arranged in an equilateral hexagon outside, and a group of axial anchors are arranged on the axis Sow.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the energy absorbing assembly includes:

Three sets of connecting ring cylinders are arranged at equal distances in the axial direction, and locking cylinders are embedded and fixed in their interiors, and each locking cylinder corresponds to each group of anchor cables one-to-one and locks and fixes the anchor cables. The outer ring wall of the cylinder is fixed with joint seats arranged in a circumferential arrangement, and the axially adjacent joint seats are hingedly connected by the eight-character expansion rods respectively, and the top of the expansion angle of each group of the eight-shaped expansion rods is A card seat is installed;

A plurality of groups of annular clamping grooves are arranged along the inner wall of the fixed cylinder, and the annular clamping grooves are correspondingly fitted and clamped with the clamping plate seat.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the locking cylinder includes:

the locking cylinder, the left and right ends of the locking cylinder are coaxially fixed with a connecting cylinder, and the connecting cylinder is filled with an elastic sliding mesh frame of a ring-shaped cylindrical structure;

Along the inner cylinder wall of the locking cylinder are hingedly installed multiple sets of axially linearly arranged and multiple sets of radially circumferentially arranged locking rods. The inner and adjacent locking rods are connected by inner tension springs, and the locking rods located at the leftmost and right ends of each group of axially coplanar are hingedly connected with the corresponding left and right inner walls of the locking cylinder through compression elastic rods;

A rough anti-skid sleeve in a cylindrical structure and sleeved on the outer wall of the anchor cable, along the outer side wall of the rough anti-skid sleeve, axially linearly arranged limit slip rings are fixed, and adjacent said limit slip rings and locking rods are alternately arranged, The annular surface of the limited slip ring is an inclined annular surface.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a locking ring piece is embedded in the rough anti-skid sleeve corresponding to the limited slip ring.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the inclination angle between the limited slip ring, the locking rod and the horizontal plane is 60°.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the inner tensioning assembly includes:

A guide plate 2 which can be axially slid is set on the outside of the anchor cable. The outer ring wall of the guide plate 2 is fixed with a T-shaped telescopic rod seat that can be radially expanded and contracted and is fixedly arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the clamping plate seat. The T-shaped telescopic rod seat is provided with a sliding sleeve seat, and the outer side of one end of the T-shaped telescopic rod seat away from the card seat is sleeved with a slidable connecting slip ring, and the upper end of the connecting slip ring is connected to the upper end of the T-shaped telescopic rod seat through a compression spring. The lower end surface of the sliding sleeve seat is connected and connected, and the left and right sides of the second guide plate are symmetrically provided with a guide plate 1 sleeved on the outside of the anchor cable;

The fixing bases are arranged in multiple groups and are respectively installed on the middle of the inclined elastic rod in the figure-eight expansion rod, outside the guide plate 1 and arranged in a circular arrangement, and on the outer ring wall of the connection slip ring and arranged symmetrically on the left and right;

The first connecting rod is configured into multiple groups, and respectively connects the fixed seat on each group of inclined elastic rods with the fixed seat on the guide plate one on the corresponding side of the inclined elastic rod;

The second connecting rod is configured into multiple groups, and respectively connects the fixed seat on the guide plate 1 with the fixed seat on the same plane and on the same side on the guide plate 1.

The guide rods are arranged in multiple groups and are slidably connected through the first guide plate and the second guide plate.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the outer tensioning assembly includes:

The hydraulic rods arranged in a circle have a hexagonal guide frame fixed on the right output end, and a rotating tensioning wheel is arranged in the middle of the hexagonal guiding frame, and the tensioning wheel is installed near the outer diameter of the fixed cylinder. There is a fixing column for locking and fixing the axial anchor cable, the inner diameter of the tensioning wheel is installed with a winding column for winding the axial anchoring cable, and a corresponding position of the tensioning wheel and the hexagonal guide frame is provided. Retention card cavities arranged in a circle, and the retention card cavities and the fixed column have the same radius;

The right end portion of the fixed cylinder and the hexagonal end portion of the hexagonal guide frame are respectively provided with a pressing wheel group, the pressing wheel group corresponds to each group of anchor cables one-to-one, and guides and clamps the anchor cables.

As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the connecting and pressing seat pieces are arranged in a honeycomb equilateral hexagonal shape, and are used to draw out the adjacent pressing roller groups in the same plane in the hexagonal guide frame. The anchor cables are connected with the same line and pressed and locked.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an anti-shock ground pressure supporting anchor cable for underground roadway, which has the following beneficial effects:

In the present invention, the self-adaptive regulation structure is formed by the combination of the energy-absorbing component in the energy-absorbing tensioning device and the inner tensioning component, and then the forced tension and retraction of the anchor cable are matched to buffer energy absorption and tension, so as to promote A safe and effective support effect is formed between the anchor cable and the rock mass, and the anchor cable inside the drilling and the anchor cable on the roadway surface form an integrated tensile structure, which increases the surface stress area of the roadway at one end of the fixed cylinder. At the same time, it is avoided that when the local small area of the roadway surface at one end of the fixed cylinder is subjected to the same tensile force, the pressure in this area is forced to increase, causing tearing and collapse of the support point in this area. With the fixed cylinder axis line of the eight-shaped expansion rod that is centrally symmetric, a support frame body in the form of a diamond-shaped support is formed again, thereby improving its uniformity of force and controllability of deformation, so as to improve the better and more The regular deformation adapts to the elastic potential energy generated by the stretching and pulling of the anchor cable, and improves the ability of the anchor cable to reset, so as to prevent the deformation amount from failing to follow the generation rate and amount of the elastic potential energy when the anchor cable is momentarily subjected to a strong tensile force. lead to the breakage of the anchor cable.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the supporting anchor cable of the present invention;

2 is an enlarged schematic view of the partial structure of the energy-absorbing tensioning device of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the implementation of the clamping plate seat, the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod of the present invention;

4 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of the locking cylinder of the present invention;

In the figure: 1. End fixing part; 2. Anchor cable; 21. Outline anchor cable; 3. Fixed cylinder; 4. Guide plate; 5. Gasket; 6. Grouting box; 7. Energy absorption tension Tightening device; 8. Energy absorption assembly; 9. Inner tensioning assembly; 10. Hydraulic rod; 11. Outer tensioning assembly; 81, locking cylinder; 82, connecting ring cylinder; 83, eight-character expansion rod; 84, external tension spring; 85, connecting seat; 86, annular card slot; 87, card seat; 91, fixing seat ;92, guide plate one; 93, guide plate two; 94, T-type telescopic rod seat; 95, compression spring; 96, connecting rod one; 97, connecting rod two; 98, guide rod; 111, tensioning wheel; 112, fixed column; 113, winding column; 114, retention card cavity; 811, locking cylinder; 812, connecting cylinder; 813, elastic sliding mesh frame; 814, locking rod; 815, inner tension spring; 816 , Compression elastic rod; 817, rough anti-skid sleeve; 818, locking ring piece; 819, limited slip ring.

Detailed ways

1-4, the present invention provides a technical solution: an underground roadway anti-shock ground pressure supporting anchor cable, which includes:

Anchor cable 2, the anchor cable 2 is in multiple groups, which are used for centralized fixing inside the borehole; an end fixing piece 1 is connected and fixed at the bottom of the left side of the drilling hole, and the multiple groups of anchor cables 2 are fixed by the end fixing piece 1. Centrally fix, and then send the end fixing piece 1 into the bottom of the borehole and the rock formation at the bottom of the borehole for fixing;

The fixed cylinder 3 embedded in and coaxially fixed to the right end of the drilled hole, the left casing of the fixed cylinder 3 is coaxially embedded with a guide plate 4, and the guide plate 4 and the fixed cylinder 3 pass through a gasket 5. Sealed connection, the right side of the guide plate 4 is coaxially provided with a grouting box 6. The grouting box 6 is connected and fixed with the inner cylinder wall of the fixed cylinder 3 through the J-shaped fixing plate 13. 2. After the fixing is completed, inject solidified slurry into the grouting box 6, so that the anchor cable 2 and the solidified slurry, the grouting box 6, the J-type fixing plate 13 and the fixed cylinder 3 form an integrated support structure;

An energy-absorbing tensioning device 7 is coaxially arranged inside the fixed cylinder 3, and the energy-absorbing tensioning device 7 includes an energy-absorbing assembly 8 for axial energy-absorbing tensioning of the anchor cable 2 and an inner radial tensioning support. The tensioning component 9, through the combination of the energy absorbing component 8 and the inner tensioning component 9, is an adaptive regulation structure, so as to cooperate with buffer energy absorption and tension for the tension and retraction of the anchor cable 2, so as to promote the anchor cable 2 Form a safe and effective supporting effect with the rock mass;

The outer tensioning assembly 11, which is coaxially arranged at the right end of the fixed cylinder 3, separates the right end of each group of anchor cables 2 and guides them outward and lays them on the surface of the roadway, and passes through the corresponding anchor cables in the adjacent boreholes. The transfer pressing seat 12 embedded in the inner wall of the roadway is connected and fixed, so that the anchor cable 2 forms an integral tensile structure with the roadway surface inside the borehole, and the force area of the roadway surface at one end of the fixed cylinder 3 is increased. This avoids that when a locally small area of the roadway surface located at one end of the fixed cylinder 3 is subjected to the same tensile force, the pressure in this area is forced to increase, causing tearing and collapse of the support point in this area.

In this embodiment, the part of the anchor cable passing through the energy absorbing assembly 8 and the right end of the inner tensioning assembly 9 is the outer profile anchor cable 21, and the outer profile anchor cable 21 is introduced through the outer tensioning assembly 11 and has greater flexibility; Therefore, it is convenient to lay the anchor cables on the roadway surface to form a support net.

In this embodiment, the number of anchor cables 2 that are centrally and fixedly installed on the end fixing member 1 is set to seven groups, six groups are arranged in an equilateral hexagonal shape on the outside, and a group of axial anchor cables is arranged at the axis. Among them, the outer six sets of anchor cables are used for the spreading of the support net on the roadway surface, and the axial anchor cables are used for fixing and pulling, which further improves the comprehensive strength of the support.

In this embodiment, the energy absorbing assembly 8 includes:

Three sets of connecting ring cylinders 82 are arranged at equal distances in the axial direction, and locking cylinders 81 are embedded and fixed in the interiors, and each locking cylinder 81 corresponds to each group of anchor cables 2 one-to-one and locks the anchor cables 2 Tightly fixed, the outer ring wall of the connecting ring cylinder 82 is fixed with connecting seats 85 arranged in a circumferential arrangement, and the axially adjacent connecting seats 85 are hingedly connected by the eight-character expansion rod 83, and each group of the eight-character A clamping plate seat 87 is installed at the top end of the expansion angle of the expansion and expansion rod member 83, and an outer tension spring 84 is installed on the inclined elastic rod member in the eight-character expansion and contraction rod member 83. The outer tension spring 84 is in its initial state. It is in a stretched state, so that the figure-eight expansion rod 83 has an internal shrinkage tending force, and then the anchor cable is tightened; And the number of the expansion and expansion rods 83 is an even number, so that every two sets of expansion rods 83 with the axis line of the fixed cylinder body 3 being center-symmetrical, again form a support frame body in the form of a diamond support, In turn, the uniformity of force and the controllability of deformation are improved, thereby improving the elastic potential energy generated by the better and more regular deformation adapting to the extension of the anchor cable, and the improvement of the restoring ability of the anchor cable, so as to prevent the anchor cable from being instantly affected by strong force. When the tensile force is increased, the deformation amount fails to follow the generation rate and amount of its elastic potential energy, resulting in the rupture of the anchor cable;

Along the inner wall of the fixed cylinder body 3, there are several groups of annular clamping grooves 86 closely arranged in the axial direction. The annular card groove 86 of the card plate seat 87 restricts the axial displacement of the card seat 87 .

In this embodiment, the locking cylinder 81 includes:

The locking cylinder 811, its left and right ends are coaxially fixed with a connecting cylinder 812, and the connecting cylinder 812 is filled with an elastic sliding mesh frame 813 with a ring-shaped cylindrical structure;

Along the inner cylinder wall of the locking cylinder 811 are hingedly installed multiple sets of axially linearly arranged and multiple sets of radially circumferentially arranged locking rods 814. The locking rods 814 are all inclined to one side of the roadway surface. The locking rods 814 in the same plane and adjacent to each other are connected by the inner tension spring 815, and the locking rods 814 located at the most left and right ends of each group in the same plane in the axial direction are connected with the locking cylinder 811 by the compression elastic rod 816. Corresponding to the left and right inner wall hinged connection;

A rough anti-skid sleeve 817 in a cylindrical structure and sleeved on the outer wall of the anchor cable 2, along the outer side wall of the rough anti-skid sleeve 817 is fixed with a limited slip ring 819 arranged in an axial line, and adjacent to the limited slip ring 819 and the lock The tightening rods 814 are alternately arranged, and the annular surface of the limited slip ring 819 is an inclined annular surface;

The outer end of the locking rod 814 is spherical, so that after contacting with the rough anti-skid sleeve 817 , when the anchor cable drives the rough anti-skid sleeve 817 to displace, the locking rod 814 rotates and contacts the rough anti-skid sleeve 817 with its spherical end surface. surface, thereby avoiding damaging contact in the form of plane friction, thereby avoiding the reduction of the roughness coefficient of the locking rod 814 and the rough anti-skid sleeve 817;

As a preferred embodiment, the rough anti-skid sleeve 817 is a wire drum prepared from interlaced short steel wires, and is poured with solidified slurry. The diameter of the pouring outer ring is smaller than the outer diameter of the wire drum, so as to leave the wire head and form a rough surface, In order to rub against the spherical surface of the end of the locking rod 814, and when the anchor cable is subjected to a large tensile force, the anchor cable has a tendency to extend into the direction of the drilling, so that the locking rod 814 is pressed against the rough anti-skid sleeve 817. The strength also increases accordingly, thereby simultaneously improving the radial clamping strength of the anchor cable, thereby reducing the slippage rate of the anchor cable.

In this embodiment, the rough anti-skid sleeves 817 corresponding to the limited slip rings 819 are embedded with locking ring pieces 818 , so as to improve the coaxial locking strength with the anchor cable and avoid dislocation and slipping.

In this embodiment, the inclination angle between the slip limiting ring 819 and the locking rod 814 and the horizontal plane is 60°.

In this embodiment, the inner tensioning assembly 9 includes:

An axially slidable guide plate 2 93 is set on the outside of the anchor cable 2 , and the outer ring wall of the guide plate 2 93 is fixed with a radially retractable and fixedly arranged one-to-one corresponding to the clamping plate seat 87 . T-shaped telescopic rod seat 94, a sliding sleeve seat is provided on the T-shaped telescopic rod seat 94, and a slidable connecting slip ring is sleeved on the outer side of one end of the T-shaped telescopic rod seat 94 away from the clamping plate seat 87. The upper end of the slip ring is connected with the lower end surface of the sliding sleeve seat through a compression spring 95, and the left and right sides of the second guide plate 93 are provided with a guide plate 92 sleeved on the outside of the anchor cable 2, and the guide plate The disc one 92 is symmetrically arranged, thereby forming a radially retractable structure, avoiding the increase of the expansion angle of the eight-character expansion rod when the anchor cable is stretched, resulting in a decrease in the radial locking strength of the anchor cable;

The fixing bases 91 are arranged in multiple groups, and are respectively installed on the middle part of the inclined elastic rod in the figure-eight expansion rod member 83, the outside of the guide plate 1 92 and arranged in a circumferential arrangement, and on the outer ring wall of the connecting slip ring and are symmetrical to the left and right. set up;

The connecting rod one 96 is configured into multiple groups, and respectively connects the fixed seat on each group of inclined elastic rods with the fixed seat on the guide plate one 92 on the corresponding side of the inclined elastic rod;

The second connecting rod 97 is configured into multiple groups, and respectively connects the fixed seat on the guide plate one 92 with the fixed seat 91 on the same plane and on the same side on the guide plate one 92;

The guide rods 98 are configured into multiple groups, and are slidably connected through the first guide plate 92 and the second guide plate 93 . connect;

Through the transmission and pressing of the second connecting rod 97 and the first connecting rod 96, the radial and axial locking strength of the anchor cable is made to be in a large state in real time.

In this embodiment, the outer tensioning assembly 11 includes:

The hydraulic rods 10 arranged in a circumferential arrangement have a hexagonal guide frame fixed on the right output end, and a rotating tension wheel 111 is arranged in the middle of the hexagonal guide frame, and the tension wheel 111 is close to the fixed cylinder 3 . A fixing column 112 for locking and fixing the axial anchor cable is installed at the outer diameter, and a wrapping column 113 for wrapping the axial anchor cable is installed at the inner diameter of the tensioning pulley 111, which is located between the tensioning pulley 111 and the Corresponding positions of the hexagonal guide frame are provided with retention card cavities 114 arranged in a circle, and the retention card cavities and the fixed column 112 have the same radius; the hydraulic rod 10 can quickly adjust the tension of the anchor cable, and it is concise It is efficient, and the gap formed with the roadway surface is reserved, which promotes the formation of the anchor cable network area on the roadway surface, which buffers the forced stretching of the anchor cable in the borehole, and the outer anchor cable located in the fixed cylinder 3. The inclination angle of the outer profile is 30°;

The right end portion of the fixed cylinder 3 and the hexagonal end portion of the hexagonal guide frame are respectively provided with a pressing wheel group 14, the pressing wheel group 14 corresponds to each group of anchor cables one-to-one, and guides and clamps the anchor cables.

In the present embodiment, the transfer pressing seat 12 is arranged in a honeycomb equilateral hexagon, and is used to connect the anchor cables drawn from the adjacent pressing wheel groups 14 in the hexagonal guide frame and in the same plane. The same line is connected and pressed and locked, so that the anchor cable in the borehole and the anchor cable mesh on the roadway surface form an overall force-coordinated support structure, thereby improving the overall support strength of the anchor cable support.

In specific implementation, it includes the following steps:

S1: Fix the corresponding number of anchor cables on the end fixing parts, and guide them into the borehole, grouting with the bottom of the borehole, and pass the outer ends of the anchor cables through the guide plate, the grouting box, and the energy absorption in sequence. Tensioning device, and it is fixed with the outer tensioning component;

S2: After the adjustment of the external tensioning components is completed, inject solidification slurry into the grouting box for solidification;

S3: The tension strength of the anchor cable on the right end of the energy-absorbing tensioning device is regulated by the hydraulic rod. At the same time, the anchor cable on the roadway surface is consolidated through the transfer and pressing seat, so that the anchor cable on the roadway surface is in a honeycomb hexagonal shape. The tensile structure is completed to complete the laying of the supporting anchor cables for the roadway.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. Equivalent replacements or changes to the inventive concept shall all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of underground roadway anti-shock ground pressure supporting anchor cable, is characterized in that: it comprises: Anchor cables (2), the anchor cables (2) are in multiple groups, which are used for centralized fixing inside the borehole; Connect the fixed end fixture (1) at the bottom of the left side of the drilled hole; A fixed cylinder (3) embedded in and coaxially fixed to the right end of the borehole, the left casing of the fixed cylinder (3) is coaxially embedded with a guide plate (4), and the guide plate (4) It is sealed with the fixed cylinder (3) through the sealing gasket (5), and a grouting box (6) is coaxially arranged on the right side of the guide plate (4), and the grouting box (6) passes through the J-shaped The fixing plate (13) is connected and fixed with the inner cylinder wall of the fixing cylinder (3); An energy-absorbing tensioning device (7) coaxially provided inside the fixed cylinder (3), the energy-absorbing tensioning device (7) comprising an energy-absorbing assembly ( 8) and the inner tensioning assembly (9) of the radial tensioning support; The outer tensioning assembly (11), which is coaxially arranged on the right end of the fixed cylinder (3), separates and expands the right end of each group of anchor cables (2) and guides them outwards, lays them on the surface of the roadway, and communicates with the adjacent boreholes. Corresponding anchor cables are connected and fixed through a transfer pressing seat piece (12) embedded in the inner wall of the roadway. 2 . An underground roadway anti-shock ground pressure supporting anchor cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: the part of the anchor cable passing through the energy absorbing assembly (8) and the right end of the inner tensioning assembly (9) is an outer profile anchor A cable (21), the outer profile anchor cable (21) is introduced through the outer tensioning component (11) and has flexibility. 3 . The anti-shock ground pressure supporting anchor cable for underground tunnels according to claim 1 , wherein the number of anchor cables ( 2 ) centrally and fixedly installed on the end fixing piece ( 1 ) is set to seven. 4 . There are six groups arranged in an equilateral hexagon outside, and a group of axial anchor cables are arranged at the axis. 4 . The anti-shock ground pressure supporting anchor cable for underground roadway according to claim 1 , wherein the energy absorbing assembly ( 8 ) comprises: Three sets of connecting ring cylinders (82) are arranged equidistantly in the axial direction, and locking cylinders (81) are embedded and fixed in their interiors, and each locking cylinder (81) corresponds to each group of anchor cables (2) one-to-one The anchor cable (2) is locked and fixed. The outer ring wall of the connecting ring cylinder (82) is fixed with connecting seats (85) arranged in a circumferential arrangement. The expansion and expansion rods (83) are hingedly connected, and a clamping plate seat (87) is installed on the top of the expansion angle of each group of the eight-character expansion and expansion rods (83); A plurality of groups of annular snap grooves (86) are arranged in close axial arrangement along the inner wall of the fixed cylinder (3). solid. 5 . The anti-collision ground pressure supporting anchor cable for underground tunnels according to claim 4 , wherein the locking cylinder (81) comprises: A locking cylinder (811), the left and right ends of which are coaxially fixed with an engaging cylinder (812), and the engaging cylinder (812) is filled with an elastic sliding mesh frame (813) with a ring-shaped cylindrical structure; Along the inner wall of the locking cylinder (811) are hingedly mounted multiple sets of axially linearly arranged and multiple sets of radially circumferentially arranged locking rods (814), the locking rods (814) are all facing one side of the roadway surface Inclined arrangement, each group of adjacent locking rods (814) in the same axial plane are connected by inner tension springs (815), and the locking rods (814) located at the leftmost and right ends of each group of axially the same plane ) are hingedly connected to the corresponding left and right inner walls of the locking cylinder (811) by compressing the elastic rod (816); A rough anti-skid sleeve (817) in the form of a cylindrical structure and sleeved on the outer wall of the anchor cable (2), along the outer side wall of the rough anti-skid sleeve (817), axially linearly arranged limit slip rings (819) are fixed, and are adjacent to The limited slip ring (819) and the locking rod (814) are alternately arranged, and the annular surface of the limited slip ring (819) is an inclined annular surface. 6 . The anti-shock ground pressure support anchor cable for underground tunnels according to claim 5 , wherein a locking ring is embedded in the rough anti-skid sleeves ( 817 ) corresponding to the limited slip rings ( 819 ). Piece (818). 7 . The anti-shock ground pressure supporting anchor cable for underground tunnels according to claim 5 , wherein the inclination angle between the limited slip ring ( 819 ), the locking rod ( 814 ) and the horizontal plane is 60° . 8 . The anti-shock ground pressure supporting anchor cable for underground tunnels according to claim 5 , wherein the inner tensioning assembly ( 9 ) comprises: An axially slidable guide plate two (93) is sleeved on the outside of the anchor cable (2), and the outer ring wall of the guide plate two (93) is fixed on the outer ring wall which can be radially retracted and is connected with the clamping plate seat (87). ) one-to-one corresponding fixed T-shaped telescopic rod seat (94), the T-shaped telescopic rod seat (94) is provided with a sliding sleeve seat, and the T-shaped telescopic rod seat (94) is far away from the clamping plate seat (87) ) is sheathed with a slidable connecting slip ring, the upper end of the connecting slip ring is connected with the lower end surface of the sliding sleeve seat through a compression spring (95), and the left and right sides of the second guide plate (93) A guide plate one (92) sleeved on the outside of the anchor cable (2) is provided symmetrically on the side; The fixing bases (91) are arranged in multiple groups and are respectively installed in the middle of the inclined elastic rod in the figure-eight expansion rod (83), outside the guide plate one (92) and arranged in a circumferential arrangement, and are connected to the outer ring of the slip ring on the wall and arranged symmetrically on the left and right; The first connecting rod (96) is configured into multiple groups, and respectively connects the fixed seat on each group of inclined elastic rods with the fixed seat on the guide plate one (92) on the corresponding side of the inclined elastic rod; The second connecting rod (97) is configured in multiple groups, and respectively connects the fixed seat on the guide plate one (92) with the fixed seat (91) on the same plane and on the same side on the guide plate one (92); The guide rods (98) are configured in multiple groups, and are slidably connected through the first guide plate (92) and the second guide plate (93), and the left and right ends of the guide rod (98) are respectively embedded in the connecting cylinders (812) on the corresponding sides. ) inside and connected to the elastic sliding mesh frame (813). 9 . The anti-shock ground pressure supporting anchor cable for underground tunnels according to claim 3 , wherein the outer tensioning assembly ( 11 ) comprises: The hydraulic rods (10) arranged in a circumferential arrangement have a hexagonal guide frame fixed at the right output end, and a rotating tensioning wheel disc (111) is arranged in the middle of the hexagonal guiding frame, and the tensioning wheel disc (111) is provided on the A fixing column (112) for locking and fixing the axial anchor cable is installed close to the outer diameter of the fixed cylinder (3), and the inner diameter of the tensioning sheave (111) is installed around the axial anchor cable. Around the post (113), there are circumferentially arranged retaining card cavities (114) located at the corresponding positions of the tensioning sheave (111) and the hexagonal guide frame. 112) with the same radius; The right end of the fixed cylinder (3) and the hexagonal end of the hexagonal guide frame are respectively provided with a pressing wheel group (14), the pressing wheel group (14) corresponds to each group of anchor cables one by one, Cable for guide clamping. 10 . An anti-shock ground pressure support anchor cable for underground tunnels according to claim 9, characterized in that: the transfer and pressure-fixing seat pieces (12) are arranged in a honeycomb equilateral hexagon, and are used for Connect the anchor cables drawn from the adjacent pressure roller groups (14) in the hexagonal guide frame and in the same plane in the same line, and press and lock them.

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