CN114541357A - Contaminated soil separation method for building construction contaminated soil - Google Patents
Contaminated soil separation method for building construction contaminated soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN114541357A CN114541357A CN202210099890.0A CN202210099890A CN114541357A CN 114541357 A CN114541357 A CN 114541357A CN 202210099890 A CN202210099890 A CN 202210099890A CN 114541357 A CN114541357 A CN 114541357A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
- E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/02—Foundation pits
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/12—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil
- E02D3/123—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil and compacting the soil
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D31/00—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution
- E02D31/02—Protective arrangements for foundations or foundation structures; Ground foundation measures for protecting the soil or the subsoil water, e.g. preventing or counteracting oil pollution against ground humidity or ground water
- E02D31/025—Draining membranes, sheets or fabric specially adapted therefor, e.g. with dimples
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D2600/00—Miscellaneous
- E02D2600/30—Miscellaneous comprising anchoring details
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/30—Landfill technologies aiming to mitigate methane emissions
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Abstract
The invention discloses a contaminated soil barrier method for contaminated soil in building construction, which comprises the following steps: s1, firstly, carrying out leveling and compacting treatment on the bottom, the side wall and the outer edge of the building foundation pit, then excavating a connecting groove in the building foundation pit, laying anchoring nails on the side wall of the building foundation pit, and finally spraying a chemical blocking agent to the bottom and the side wall of the building foundation pit; s2, paving HDPE impermeable membranes and geotextiles on the side wall and the bottom of the building foundation pit; s3, casting a concrete barrier layer on the surface of the geotextile, and finally covering an clay layer on the surface of the concrete barrier layer; the invention has reasonable design, can effectively obstruct the diffusion path of pollutants in the soil to the interior of the building, improves the safety of the building and is suitable for popularization and use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil remediation and treatment, in particular to a contaminated soil blocking method for contaminated soil in building construction.
Background
The foundation pit is a soil pit excavated at the design position of the foundation according to the elevation of the foundation and the plane size of the foundation. Before excavation, an excavation scheme is determined according to geological and hydrological data and the conditions of buildings nearby the site, and waterproof drainage work is performed. The persons with low excavation depth can use the method of putting side slope to make the earth slope stable, and the size of the slope is determined according to the relevant construction project. When a deeper foundation pit and a building adjacent to the deeper foundation pit are excavated, a foundation pit wall supporting method, a concrete-sprayed wall protecting method and a large foundation pit are used, and even an underground continuous wall and a columnar column type bored pile are used for interlocking, so that an outer soil layer is prevented from collapsing; if there is no influence on nearby buildings, the underground water level can be lowered by well point method, and slope-releasing open cut is adopted.
After the excavation of the building foundation pit is finished, the foundation pit is exposed in the natural environment, and pollutants in the soil easily cause secondary pollution to the surrounding environment; meanwhile, if pollutants in the soil are not blocked, health risks are easily caused to human bodies; at present, the polluted soil is generally treated by barrier landfill, and the working principle of the soil barrier landfill is to bury the polluted soil in a barrier landfill site composed of barrier materials such as high-density polyethylene films and the like, so that the polluted soil is isolated from the surrounding environment, and pollutants in the polluted soil are prevented from migrating along with rainfall or underground water to pollute the surrounding environment and influence the health of human bodies. The barrier treatment of the polluted site is close to the pollution control level of the hazardous waste landfill in China, only the contaminated soil can be subjected to barrier landfill, but the contaminated soil cannot be purified, and the pollutant leakage can still occur after a long time, so that the secondary pollution to the surrounding soil is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides a contaminated soil barrier method for contaminated soil in building construction.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a contaminated soil barrier method for contaminated soil in building construction comprises the following steps:
s1, treating the building foundation pit;
s1-1, firstly, carrying out flattening and compacting treatment on the bottom, the side wall and the outer edge of the building foundation pit; then excavating a connecting groove with the width of 10-20 cm and the depth of 15-30 cm at the lowest end of the side wall excavation surface of the building foundation pit;
s1-2, uniformly distributing the powder with the density of 3-7 pieces/m on the side wall of the foundation pit2The anchoring nails are used for detecting the concentration and leaching toxicity of organic pollutants in soil in the internal area of the building foundation pit, and finally, chemical barrier agents are uniformly sprayed to the bottom and the side wall of the building foundation pit; the spraying amount of the chemical barrier agent is 10-25 ml/m2；
S2, primary blocking;
s2-1, firstly, paving a first HDPE (high-density polyethylene) anti-seepage film on the side wall of the building foundation pit, fixing the first HDPE anti-seepage film through the anchoring nails obtained in S1-2, extending the bottom of the first HDPE anti-seepage film into the connecting groove obtained in the step S1-1, then paving a second HDPE anti-seepage film at the bottom of the building foundation pit, extending the edge of the second HDPE anti-seepage film into the connecting groove, finally filling lime soil into the connecting groove, and compacting;
s2-2, covering geotextiles on the surfaces of the first HDPE impermeable membrane and the second HDPE impermeable membrane in the step S2-1, overlapping the seam of the geotextile on the side wall of the building foundation pit and the seam of the geotextile at the bottom, and fixing the seam by using a pressing strip;
s3, secondary blocking;
s3-1, carrying out building foundation pit formwork support on the surface of the geotextile in the step S2-2, then casting a concrete material into the mould, and covering and maintaining for 15-28 days to form a concrete barrier layer; wherein the thickness of the concrete barrier layer is 8-15 cm;
s3-2, covering a clay layer with the thickness of 4-9 cm on the surface of the concrete barrier layer in the step S3-1, and compacting to finish the barrier of the polluted soil.
Further, after the step S1-1 is completed, excavating an isolation trench at a position 0.8-1.5 m outwards above the excavation surface of the building foundation pit, and leveling and compacting the region between the isolation trench and the excavation surface of the building foundation pit; in the step S2-1, the upper end of the first HDPE impermeable membrane extends into the isolation ditch, then lime soil is backfilled into the isolation ditch, the isolation ditch is excavated outwards above the excavation surface of the building foundation pit, earth surface sewage can be prevented from flowing backwards into the building foundation pit, and the isolation effect of polluted soil is improved.
Further, in step S1-2, the chemical barrier agent is prepared by mixing perlite powder, nano titanium dioxide powder, coal ash, hydrogen peroxide, and ferrous sulfate solution according to a weight ratio of 2:1:2:40:30, wherein the mass concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is 2-8%, and the mass concentration of the ferrous sulfate solution is 1-4%; by spraying the chemical blocking agent with the proportion to the bottom and the side wall of the building foundation pit, peculiar smell diffusion in the polluted soil can be effectively blocked.
Further, after the step S2-2 is completed, carrying out cement mortar plastering protection treatment on the surface of the geotextile; through carrying out cement mortar plastering protection treatment to geotechnical cloth surface, can improve geotechnical cloth's firm degree to improve geotechnical cloth's protective effect.
Further, in step S3-1, an anti-seepage agent, which is 2-5 wt% of the weight of the concrete material, is added to the concrete material, and the anti-seepage agent includes, in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of calcium peroxide, 5-9 parts of sodium fatty acid, 6-12 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 3-6 parts of polyacrylamide, 5-13 parts of borax and 20-45 parts of purified water; by adding the anti-seepage agent formed by the proportion into the concrete material, the anti-seepage effect of the concrete material can be improved, and meanwhile, the concrete material can be prevented from being aged, deformed and peeled off in the using process.
Further, the preparation method of the anti-seepage agent comprises the following steps: 1) respectively weighing calcium peroxide, sodium aliphatate, nano-silicon dioxide, polyacrylamide, borax and purified water according to a proportion; 2) adding purified water into a reaction container, heating to 50-85 ℃, then sequentially adding the rest materials into the reaction container, and continuously stirring for 30-50 min at 120-260 rad/min; 3) and (3) when the mixed material is cooled to 40-70 ℃, preserving heat for 1-2 h, and finally naturally cooling to room temperature.
Further, in step S3-2, a soil binder is added to the clay layer, wherein the addition amount of the soil binder is 5-9 mg/m3(ii) a The soil adhesive is prepared by mixing corn starch, plant fiber, chitosan and deionized water according to the weight ratio of 1:2:1: 3; the soil adhesive with the proportion is added into the soil layer, so that the bonding strength of the clay layer and a concrete material is improved, and the pollutant blocking effect of the clay layer is improved.
Further, in the step S2-1, the thickness of the first HDPE impermeable film and the thickness of the second HDPE impermeable film are 1.3-2.5 mm, and the surface roughness Ra is 3-5; is favorable for improving the structural strength of the anti-seepage film and the anti-seepage effect.
Further, before the step S1-1, embedding a permeation tube at the bottom of the building foundation pit, excavating an extraction well outside the building foundation pit, and communicating the permeation tube with the extraction well; through setting up infiltration pipe and leaching well, be favorable to in time extracting the inside deposit liquid of building foundation ditch to pollutant has been avoided in the deposit liquid to building internal diffusion.
Further, before the step S1, building a sealed isolation shed above the building foundation pit; through setting up sealed canopy of keeping apart, can effectively avoid polluting the diffusion of in the work progress peculiar smell pollutant.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are embodied in the following points:
the construction method is reasonable in design, and the capability of migration and diffusion of pollutants in the soil is weakened by carrying out leveling and compacting treatment on the interior of the building foundation pit, so that a foundation is laid for barrier remediation of the organic contaminated soil;
secondly, the barrier agent disclosed by the invention is sprayed on the inner wall and the bottom of the building foundation pit, so that peculiar smell diffusion in the polluted soil can be effectively blocked, and the health threat of the diffusion of pollutants to people is avoided; the safety of building construction is improved;
thirdly, the HDPE impermeable membrane, the geotextile, the concrete barrier layer and the clay layer are sequentially paved in the building foundation pit, so that the migration and diffusion of pollutants in the soil to the inside of the building can be effectively prevented, and the pollutants leached out of the soil can be absorbed and decomposed, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the risk of harming the organic polluted soil.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a distribution diagram of the permeation tube of the present invention in a construction pit.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A contaminated soil barrier method for contaminated soil in building construction comprises the following steps:
s1, treating the building foundation pit;
s1-1, firstly, carrying out flattening and compacting treatment on the bottom, the side wall and the outer edge of the building foundation pit; then excavating a connecting groove with the width of 10cm and the depth of 15cm at the lowest end of the excavation surface of the side wall of the building foundation pit;
s1-2, uniformly distributing the powder with the density of 3/m on the side wall of the foundation pit2The anchoring nails are used for detecting the concentration and leaching toxicity of organic pollutants in soil in the internal area of the building foundation pit, and finally, chemical barrier agents are uniformly sprayed to the bottom and the side wall of the building foundation pit;
wherein the spraying amount of the chemical barrier agent is 10ml/m2(ii) a The chemical barrier agent is prepared by mixing perlite powder, nano titanium dioxide powder, coal ash, hydrogen peroxide and ferrous sulfate solution according to the weight ratio of 2:1:2:40:30, wherein the mass concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is 2%, and the mass concentration of the ferrous sulfate solution is 1%; by spraying the chemical blocking agent with the proportion to the bottom and the side wall of the building foundation pit, peculiar smell diffusion in the polluted soil can be effectively blocked;
s2, primary blocking;
s2-1, firstly, paving a first HDPE (high-density polyethylene) anti-seepage film on the side wall of the building foundation pit, fixing the first HDPE anti-seepage film through the anchoring nails obtained in S1-2, extending the bottom of the first HDPE anti-seepage film into the connecting groove obtained in the step S1-1, then paving a second HDPE anti-seepage film at the bottom of the building foundation pit, extending the edge of the second HDPE anti-seepage film into the connecting groove, finally filling lime soil into the connecting groove, and compacting;
s2-2, covering geotextiles on the surfaces of the first HDPE impermeable membrane and the second HDPE impermeable membrane in the step S2-1, overlapping the seam of the geotextile on the side wall of the building foundation pit and the seam of the geotextile at the bottom, and fixing the seam by using a pressing strip;
s3, secondary blocking;
s3-1, carrying out building foundation pit formwork support on the surface of the geotextile in the step S2-2, then casting a concrete material into the mould, and covering and maintaining for 15 days to form a concrete barrier layer; wherein the thickness of the concrete barrier layer is 8 cm;
s3-2, covering a clay layer with the thickness of 4cm on the surface of the concrete barrier layer in the step S3-1, and compacting to finish the barrier of the polluted soil;
in this embodiment, a schematic structural diagram of a building foundation pit is shown in fig. 1.
Example 2
A contaminated soil barrier method for contaminated soil in building construction comprises the following steps:
s1, treating the building foundation pit;
s1-1, firstly, building a sealed isolation shed above a building foundation pit; then embedding a permeation tube at the bottom of the building foundation pit, excavating an extraction well outside the building foundation pit, and communicating the permeation tube with the extraction well; leveling and compacting the bottom, the side wall and the outer edge of the building foundation pit; then excavating a connecting groove with the width of 15cm and the depth of 24cm at the lowest end of the side wall excavation surface of the building foundation pit; excavating an isolation ditch at a position 0.8m outwards above the excavation surface of the building foundation pit, and leveling and compacting the area between the isolation ditch and the excavation surface of the building foundation pit;
s1-2, uniformly distributing the powder with the density of 5 pieces/m on the side wall of the foundation pit2Then detecting the interior area of the building foundation pitThe concentration and leaching toxicity of organic pollutants in the soil are controlled, and finally, chemical barrier agents are uniformly sprayed to the bottom and the side wall of the building foundation pit;
wherein the spraying amount of the chemical barrier agent is 22ml/m2(ii) a The chemical barrier agent is prepared by mixing perlite powder, nano titanium dioxide powder, coal ash, hydrogen peroxide and ferrous sulfate solution according to the weight ratio of 2:1:2:40:30, wherein the mass concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is 6%, and the mass concentration of the ferrous sulfate solution is 3%; by spraying the chemical blocking agent with the proportion to the bottom and the side wall of the building foundation pit, peculiar smell diffusion in the polluted soil can be effectively blocked;
s2, primary blocking;
s2-1, firstly, paving a first HDPE (high-density polyethylene) anti-seepage film on the side wall of the building foundation pit, fixing the first HDPE anti-seepage film through the anchoring nails obtained in S1-2, extending the bottom of the first HDPE anti-seepage film into the connecting groove obtained in the step S1-1, extending the upper end of the first HDPE anti-seepage film into the isolation groove, then backfilling lime soil into the isolation groove, and excavating the isolation groove outwards above the excavation surface of the building foundation pit to prevent surface sewage from pouring into the building foundation pit and improve the isolation effect of polluted soil; then laying a second HDPE anti-seepage film at the bottom of the building foundation pit, extending the edge of the second HDPE anti-seepage film into the connecting groove, finally filling lime soil into the connecting groove, and compacting;
s2-2, covering geotextiles on the surfaces of the first HDPE impermeable membrane and the second HDPE impermeable membrane in the step S2-1, overlapping the seam of the geotextile on the side wall of the building foundation pit and the seam of the geotextile at the bottom, and fixing the seam by using a pressing strip;
s3, secondary blocking;
s3-1, carrying out building foundation pit formwork support on the surface of the geotextile in the step S2-2, then casting a concrete material into the mould, and covering and maintaining for 22 days to form a concrete barrier layer; wherein the thickness of the concrete barrier layer is 12 cm;
s3-2, covering a clay layer with the thickness of 6cm on the surface of the concrete barrier layer in the step S3-1, and compacting to finish the barrier of the polluted soil;
in this embodiment, a schematic structural diagram of the building foundation pit is shown in fig. 1, and a distribution diagram of the permeation tube in the building foundation pit is shown in fig. 2.
Example 3
A contaminated soil barrier method for contaminated soil in building construction comprises the following steps:
s1, treating the building foundation pit;
s1-1, firstly, carrying out flattening and compacting treatment on the bottom, the side wall and the outer edge of the building foundation pit; then excavating a connecting groove with the width of 20cm and the depth of 30cm at the lowest end of the side wall excavation surface of the building foundation pit;
s1-2, uniformly distributing the powder with the density of 7/m on the side wall of the foundation pit2The anchoring nails are used for detecting the concentration and leaching toxicity of organic pollutants in soil in the internal area of the building foundation pit, and finally, chemical barrier agents are uniformly sprayed to the bottom and the side wall of the building foundation pit;
wherein the spraying amount of the chemical barrier agent is 25ml/m2(ii) a The chemical barrier agent is prepared by mixing perlite powder, nano titanium dioxide powder, coal ash, hydrogen peroxide and ferrous sulfate solution according to the weight ratio of 2:1:2:40:30, wherein the mass concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is 8%, and the mass concentration of the ferrous sulfate solution is 4%; by spraying the chemical blocking agent with the proportion to the bottom and the side wall of the building foundation pit, peculiar smell diffusion in the polluted soil can be effectively blocked;
s2, primary blocking;
s2-1, firstly, paving a first HDPE (high-density polyethylene) anti-seepage film on the side wall of the building foundation pit, fixing the first HDPE anti-seepage film through the anchoring nails obtained in S1-2, extending the bottom of the first HDPE anti-seepage film into the connecting groove obtained in the step S1-1, then paving a second HDPE anti-seepage film at the bottom of the building foundation pit, extending the edge of the second HDPE anti-seepage film into the connecting groove, finally filling lime soil into the connecting groove, and compacting; wherein the first HDPE impermeable membrane and the second HDPE impermeable membrane have a thickness of 1.3mm and a surface roughness Ra of 3; the structural strength of the anti-seepage film is improved, and the anti-seepage effect is improved;
s2-2, covering geotextiles on the surfaces of the first HDPE impermeable membrane and the second HDPE impermeable membrane in the step S2-1, overlapping the seam of the geotextile on the side wall of the building foundation pit and the seam of the geotextile at the bottom, and fixing the seam by using a pressing strip; carrying out cement mortar plastering protection treatment on the surface of the geotextile; the firmness degree of the geotextile can be improved by carrying out cement mortar plastering protection treatment on the surface of the geotextile, so that the protection effect of the geotextile is improved;
s3, secondary blocking;
s3-1, carrying out building foundation pit formwork support on the surface of the geotextile in the step S2-2, then casting a concrete material into the mould, and covering and maintaining for 28 days to form a concrete barrier layer; wherein the thickness of the concrete barrier layer is 15 cm;
s3-2, covering a clay layer with the thickness of 9cm on the surface of the concrete barrier layer in the step S3-1, and compacting to finish the barrier of the polluted soil;
in this embodiment, a schematic structural diagram of a building foundation pit is shown in fig. 1.
Example 4
A contaminated soil barrier method for contaminated soil in building construction comprises the following steps:
s1, treating the building foundation pit;
s1-1, firstly, carrying out flattening and compacting treatment on the bottom, the side wall and the outer edge of the building foundation pit; then excavating a connecting groove with the width of 10cm and the depth of 15cm at the lowest end of the side wall excavation surface of the building foundation pit;
s1-2, uniformly distributing the powder with the density of 3/m on the side wall of the foundation pit2The anchoring nails are used for detecting the concentration and leaching toxicity of organic pollutants in soil in the internal area of the building foundation pit, and finally, chemical barrier agents are uniformly sprayed to the bottom and the side wall of the building foundation pit;
wherein the spraying amount of the chemical barrier agent is 10ml/m2(ii) a The chemical barrier agent is prepared by mixing perlite powder, nano titanium dioxide powder, coal ash, hydrogen peroxide and ferrous sulfate solution according to the weight ratio of 2:1:2:40:30, wherein the mass concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is 2%, and the mass concentration of the ferrous sulfate solution is 1%; by spraying the chemical blocking agent with the proportion to the bottom and the side wall of the building foundation pit, peculiar smell diffusion in the polluted soil can be effectively blocked;
s2, primary blocking;
s2-1, firstly, paving a first HDPE (high-density polyethylene) anti-seepage film on the side wall of the building foundation pit, fixing the first HDPE anti-seepage film through the anchoring nails obtained in S1-2, extending the bottom of the first HDPE anti-seepage film into the connecting groove obtained in the step S1-1, then paving a second HDPE anti-seepage film at the bottom of the building foundation pit, extending the edge of the second HDPE anti-seepage film into the connecting groove, finally filling lime soil into the connecting groove, and compacting;
s2-2, covering geotextiles on the surfaces of the first HDPE impermeable membrane and the second HDPE impermeable membrane in the step S2-1, overlapping the seam of the geotextile on the side wall of the building foundation pit and the seam of the geotextile at the bottom, and fixing the seam by using a pressing strip;
s3, secondary blocking;
s3-1, carrying out building foundation pit formwork support on the surface of the geotextile in the step S2-2, then casting a concrete material into the mould, and covering and maintaining for 15 days to form a concrete barrier layer; wherein the thickness of the concrete barrier layer is 8 cm;
the concrete material is added with an anti-seepage agent which is 2 wt% of the weight of the concrete material, and the anti-seepage agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of calcium peroxide, 5 parts of sodium fatty acid, 6 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 3 parts of polyacrylamide, 5 parts of borax and 20 parts of purified water; by adding the anti-seepage agent formed by the proportion into the concrete material, the anti-seepage effect of the concrete material can be improved, and meanwhile, the concrete material can be prevented from aging, deforming and peeling in the using process; the preparation method of the anti-seepage agent comprises the following steps: 1) respectively weighing calcium peroxide, sodium aliphatate, nano-silicon dioxide, polyacrylamide, borax and purified water according to a proportion; 2) adding purified water into a reaction container, heating to 50 ℃, then sequentially adding the rest materials into the reaction container, and continuously stirring for 30min at 120 rad/min; 3) when the mixed material is cooled to 40 ℃, preserving heat for 1h, and finally naturally cooling to room temperature;
s3-2, covering a clay layer with the thickness of 4cm on the surface of the concrete barrier layer in the step S3-1, and compacting to finish the barrier of the polluted soil.
In this embodiment, a schematic structural diagram of a building foundation pit is shown in fig. 1.
Example 5
A contaminated soil barrier method for contaminated soil in building construction comprises the following steps:
s1, treating the building foundation pit;
s1-1, firstly, carrying out flattening and compacting treatment on the bottom, the side wall and the outer edge of the building foundation pit; then excavating a connecting groove with the width of 20cm and the depth of 30cm at the lowest end of the side wall excavation surface of the building foundation pit;
s1-2, uniformly distributing the powder with the density of 7/m on the side wall of the foundation pit2The anchoring nails are used for detecting the concentration and leaching toxicity of organic pollutants in soil in the internal area of the building foundation pit, and finally, chemical barrier agents are uniformly sprayed to the bottom and the side wall of the building foundation pit;
wherein the spraying amount of the chemical barrier agent is 25ml/m2(ii) a The chemical barrier agent is prepared by mixing perlite powder, nano titanium dioxide powder, coal ash, hydrogen peroxide and ferrous sulfate solution according to the weight ratio of 2:1:2:40:30, wherein the mass concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is 2%, and the mass concentration of the ferrous sulfate solution is 3%; by spraying the chemical blocking agent with the proportion to the bottom and the side wall of the building foundation pit, peculiar smell diffusion in the polluted soil can be effectively blocked;
s2, primary blocking;
s2-1, firstly, paving a first HDPE (high-density polyethylene) anti-seepage film on the side wall of the building foundation pit, fixing the first HDPE anti-seepage film through the anchoring nails obtained in S1-2, extending the bottom of the first HDPE anti-seepage film into the connecting groove obtained in the step S1-1, then paving a second HDPE anti-seepage film at the bottom of the building foundation pit, extending the edge of the second HDPE anti-seepage film into the connecting groove, finally filling lime soil into the connecting groove, and compacting;
s2-2, covering geotextiles on the surfaces of the first HDPE impermeable membrane and the second HDPE impermeable membrane in the step S2-1, overlapping the seam of the geotextile on the side wall of the building foundation pit and the seam of the geotextile at the bottom, and fixing the seam by using a pressing strip;
s3, secondary blocking;
s3-1, carrying out building foundation pit formwork support on the surface of the geotextile in the step S2-2, then casting a concrete material into the mould, and covering and maintaining for 26 days to form a concrete barrier layer; wherein the thickness of the concrete barrier layer is 13 cm;
s3-2, covering a clay layer with the thickness of 5cm on the surface of the concrete barrier layer in the step S3-1, and compacting to finish the barrier of the polluted soil;
wherein the clay layer is added with soil binder, and the addition amount of the soil binder is 5mg/m3(ii) a The soil adhesive is prepared by mixing corn starch, plant fiber, chitosan and deionized water according to the weight ratio of 1:2:1: 3;
in this embodiment, a schematic structural diagram of a building foundation pit is shown in fig. 1.
Example 6
A contaminated soil barrier method for contaminated soil in building construction comprises the following steps:
s1, treating the building foundation pit;
s1-1, firstly, building a sealed isolation shed above a building foundation pit, then embedding a permeation tube at the bottom of the building foundation pit, excavating an extraction well outside the building foundation pit, and communicating the permeation tube with the extraction well; leveling and compacting the bottom, the side wall and the outer edge of the building foundation pit; then excavating a connecting groove with the width of 20cm and the depth of 30cm at the lowest end of the excavation surface of the side wall of the building foundation pit; excavating an isolation ditch at a position 1.5m outwards above the excavation surface of the building foundation pit, and leveling and compacting the area between the isolation ditch and the excavation surface of the building foundation pit;
s1-2, uniformly distributing the powder with the density of 7/m on the side wall of the foundation pit2The anchoring nails are used for detecting the concentration and leaching toxicity of organic pollutants in soil in the internal area of the building foundation pit, and finally, chemical barrier agents are uniformly sprayed to the bottom and the side wall of the building foundation pit;
wherein the spraying amount of the chemical barrier agent is 25ml/m2(ii) a The chemical barrier agent is prepared by mixing perlite powder, nano titanium dioxide powder, coal ash, hydrogen peroxide and ferrous sulfate solution according to the weight ratio of 2:1:2:40:30, wherein the mass concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is 8%, and the mass concentration of the ferrous sulfate solution is 4%; by spraying the chemical resistor with the proportion to the bottom and the side wall of the building foundation pitThe separating agent can effectively separate the peculiar smell diffusion in the polluted soil;
s2, primary blocking;
s2-1, firstly, paving a first HDPE (high-density polyethylene) anti-seepage film on the side wall of the building foundation pit, fixing the first HDPE anti-seepage film through the anchoring nails obtained in S1-2, extending the bottom of the first HDPE anti-seepage film into the connecting groove obtained in the step S1-1, extending the upper end of the first HDPE anti-seepage film into the isolation groove, then backfilling lime soil into the isolation groove, and excavating the isolation groove outwards above the excavation surface of the building foundation pit to prevent surface sewage from pouring into the building foundation pit and improve the isolation effect of polluted soil; then laying a second HDPE anti-seepage film at the bottom of the building foundation pit, extending the edge of the second HDPE anti-seepage film into the connecting groove, finally filling lime soil into the connecting groove, and compacting;
wherein the first HDPE impermeable membrane and the second HDPE impermeable membrane have a thickness of 2.5mm and a surface roughness Ra of 5; the structural strength of the anti-seepage film is improved, and the anti-seepage effect is improved;
s2-2, covering geotextiles on the surfaces of the first HDPE impermeable membrane and the second HDPE impermeable membrane in the step S2-1, overlapping the seam of the geotextile on the side wall of the building foundation pit and the seam of the geotextile at the bottom, and fixing the seam by using a pressing strip; carrying out cement mortar plastering protection treatment on the surface of the geotextile; the firmness degree of the geotextile can be improved by carrying out cement mortar plastering protection treatment on the surface of the geotextile, so that the protection effect of the geotextile is improved;
s3, secondary blocking;
s3-1, carrying out building foundation pit formwork support on the surface of the geotextile in the step S2-2, then casting a concrete material into the mould, and covering and maintaining for 28 days to form a concrete barrier layer; wherein the thickness of the concrete barrier layer is 15 cm; the concrete material is added with an anti-seepage agent which is equivalent to 5 wt% of the weight of the concrete material, and the anti-seepage agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25 parts of calcium peroxide, 9 parts of sodium fatty acid, 12 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 6 parts of polyacrylamide, 13 parts of borax and 45 parts of purified water; by adding the anti-seepage agent formed by the proportion into the concrete material, the anti-seepage effect of the concrete material can be improved, and meanwhile, the concrete material can be prevented from aging, deforming and peeling in the using process; the preparation method of the anti-seepage agent comprises the following steps: 1) respectively weighing calcium peroxide, sodium aliphatate, nano-silicon dioxide, polyacrylamide, borax and purified water according to a proportion; 2) adding purified water into a reaction vessel, heating to 85 ℃, then sequentially adding the rest materials into the reaction vessel, and continuously stirring for 50min at 260 rad/min; 3) when the mixed material is cooled to 70 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours, and finally naturally cooling to room temperature;
s3-2, covering a clay layer with the thickness of 9cm on the surface of the concrete barrier layer in the step S3-1, and compacting to finish the barrier of the polluted soil;
wherein the clay layer is added with soil binder, and the addition amount of the soil binder is 9mg/m3(ii) a The soil adhesive is prepared by mixing corn starch, plant fiber, chitosan and deionized water according to the weight ratio of 1:2:1: 3; the soil adhesive with the proportion is added into the soil layer, so that the bonding strength between the clay layer and the concrete material is improved, and the pollutant blocking effect of the clay layer is improved;
in this embodiment, a schematic structural diagram of the building foundation pit is shown in fig. 1, and a distribution diagram of the permeation tube in the building foundation pit is shown in fig. 2.
Test examples
Respectively carrying out barrier repair on polluted soil on a building foundation pit in the construction process of a certain building site in northern China by using the methods of the embodiments 1 to 6, detecting the concentration of organic pollutants in the building foundation pit after the repair is finished, and calculating the barrier rate of the pollutants; the calculation results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 Effect of examples on the rejection of organic pollutants in contaminated soils
As can be seen from the data in table 1, in example 2, compared with example 1, the isolation trench is excavated outwards above the excavation surface of the building foundation pit, and the first HDPE impermeable membrane is laid, so that the surface sewage can be prevented from flowing backwards into the building foundation pit, and the isolation effect of the polluted soil is improved; the permeation pipe is arranged at the bottom of the building foundation pit, so that the deposition liquid in the building foundation pit can be extracted in time, and pollutants in the deposition liquid are prevented from diffusing into the building; by arranging the sealed isolation shed above the building foundation pit, the diffusion of odor pollutants in the construction process can be effectively avoided;
compared with the embodiment 1, the embodiment 3 has the advantages that the firmness of the geotextile can be improved by carrying out cement mortar plastering protection treatment on the surface of the geotextile, so that the protection effect of the geotextile is improved; the thickness and the surface roughness of the first HDPE impermeable membrane and the second HDPE impermeable membrane are controlled, so that the structural strength of the impermeable membranes is improved, and the impermeable effect is improved;
compared with the embodiment 1, the embodiment 4 has the advantages that the anti-seepage agent prepared by mixing calcium peroxide, sodium aliphatate, nano-silica, polyacrylamide, borax and purified water is added into the concrete material, so that the anti-seepage effect of the concrete material can be improved, the concrete material can be prevented from aging, deforming and peeling in the using process, and the barrier effect of pollutants in the organic pollutant polluted soil can be improved;
compared with the embodiment 1, the soil adhesive prepared by mixing the corn starch, the plant fiber, the chitosan and the deionized water is added into the clay layer, so that the bonding strength between the clay layer and the concrete material is improved, and the pollutant blocking effect of the clay layer is improved;
compared with the embodiments 1 to 5, the embodiment 6 integrates and optimizes the beneficial conditions, so that the blocking efficiency of the organic contaminated soil on pollutants reaches the optimal state, and the health threat of buildings to people is effectively reduced.
Claims (9)
1. A contaminated soil blocking method for contaminated soil in building construction is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, treating the building foundation pit;
s1-1, firstly, carrying out flattening and compacting treatment on the bottom, the side wall and the outer edge of the building foundation pit; then excavating a connecting groove with the width of 10-20 cm and the depth of 15-30 cm at the lowest end of the side wall excavation surface of the building foundation pit;
s1-2, uniformly distributing the powder with the density of 3-7 pieces/m on the side wall of the foundation pit2The anchoring nails are used for detecting the concentration and leaching toxicity of organic pollutants in soil in the internal area of the building foundation pit, and finally, chemical blocking agents are uniformly sprayed to the bottom and the side wall of the building foundation pit; the spraying amount of the chemical barrier agent is 10-25 ml/m2；
S2, primary blocking;
s2-1, firstly, paving a first HDPE (high-density polyethylene) impermeable film on the side wall of the building foundation pit, fixing the first HDPE impermeable film through the anchoring nails obtained in S1-2, extending the bottom of the first HDPE impermeable film into the connecting groove obtained in the step S1-1, then paving a second HDPE impermeable film at the bottom of the building foundation pit, extending the edge of the second HDPE impermeable film into the connecting groove, finally filling lime soil into the connecting groove, and compacting;
s2-2, covering geotextiles on the surfaces of the first HDPE impermeable membrane and the second HDPE impermeable membrane in the step S2-1, overlapping the seam of the geotextile on the side wall of the building foundation pit and the seam of the geotextile at the bottom, and fixing the seam by using a pressing strip;
s3, secondary blocking;
s3-1, carrying out building foundation pit formwork support on the surface of the geotextile in the step S2-2, then casting a concrete material into the mould, and covering and maintaining for 15-28 days to form a concrete barrier layer; the thickness of the concrete barrier layer is 8-15 cm;
s3-2, covering a clay layer with the thickness of 4-9 cm on the surface of the concrete barrier layer in the step S3-1, and compacting to finish the barrier of the polluted soil.
2. The method for obstructing the polluted soil in the building construction according to claim 1, wherein after the step S1-1 is completed, an isolation trench is excavated at a position 0.8-1.5 m above the excavation surface of the building foundation pit, and the area between the isolation trench and the excavation surface of the building foundation pit is flattened and compacted; in step S2-1, the upper end of the first HDPE impermeable membrane extends to the inside of the isolation ditch, and then lime soil is backfilled into the isolation ditch.
3. The method for blocking the polluted soil of the building construction polluted soil according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1-2, the chemical blocking agent is prepared by mixing perlite powder, nano titanium dioxide powder, coal ash, hydrogen peroxide and a ferrous sulfate solution according to a weight ratio of 2:1:2:40:30, wherein the mass concentration of the hydrogen peroxide is 2-8%, and the mass concentration of the ferrous sulfate solution is 1-4%.
4. The method for blocking the polluted soil in the construction polluted soil according to claim 1, wherein after the step S2-2 is completed, cement mortar plastering protection treatment is performed on the surface of the geotextile.
5. The method for blocking the polluted soil in the building construction according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3-1, a seepage-proofing agent which is 2-5 wt% of the weight of the concrete material is added into the concrete material, and the seepage-proofing agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of calcium peroxide, 5-9 parts of sodium fatty acid, 6-12 parts of nano silicon dioxide, 3-6 parts of polyacrylamide, 5-13 parts of borax and 20-45 parts of purified water.
6. The method for blocking the polluted soil of the construction polluted soil according to the claim 5, wherein the preparation method of the anti-seepage agent is as follows: 1) respectively weighing the calcium peroxide, the sodium aliphatate, the nano silicon dioxide, the polyacrylamide, the borax and the purified water according to the proportion; 2) adding the purified water into a reaction container, heating to 50-85 ℃, then sequentially adding the rest materials into the reaction container, and continuously stirring for 30-50 min at 120-260 rad/min; 3) and (3) when the mixed material is cooled to 40-70 ℃, preserving heat for 1-2 h, and finally naturally cooling to room temperature.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S3-2, a soil binder is added into the clay layer, and the addition amount of the soil binder is 5-9 mg/m3(ii) a The soil adhesive is prepared by mixing corn starch, plant fiber, chitosan and deionized water according to the weight ratio of 1:2:1: 3.
8. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S2-1, the HDPE impervious film has a thickness of 1.3-2.5 mm and a surface roughness Ra of 3-5.
9. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein before the step S1-1, a penetration pipe is pre-buried at the bottom of the foundation pit, an extraction well is excavated outside the foundation pit, and the penetration pipe is communicated with the extraction well.
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