CN114540912B - Treatment method for low-friction solid-liquid composite lubrication of aluminum-lithium alloy surface - Google Patents
Treatment method for low-friction solid-liquid composite lubrication of aluminum-lithium alloy surface Download PDFInfo
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- 229910001148 Al-Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 152
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 151
- JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Al] Chemical compound [Li].[Al] JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 148
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000010407 anodic oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- -1 1-octyl-3-methylimidazole tetrafluoroborate Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- ZXMGHDIOOHOAAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trifluoro-n-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)methanesulfonamide Chemical compound FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ZXMGHDIOOHOAAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- RZNHHGMCDDENDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(1-methylimidazol-2-yl)ethanol Chemical compound CC(O)C1=NC=CN1C RZNHHGMCDDENDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 31
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 15
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 101001124017 Homo sapiens Nuclear transport factor 2 Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 102100028418 Nuclear transport factor 2 Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010183 spectrum analysis Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 6
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000000724 energy-dispersive X-ray spectrum Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910015900 BF3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- FCVHBUFELUXTLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[AlH3] Chemical compound [Li].[AlH3] FCVHBUFELUXTLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron trifluoride Chemical compound FB(F)F WTEOIRVLGSZEPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002925 chemical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- VVRKSAMWBNJDTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N difluorophosphane Chemical compound FPF VVRKSAMWBNJDTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002638 heterogeneous catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001889 triflyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/16—Pretreatment, e.g. desmutting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M133/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen
- C10M133/02—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing nitrogen having a carbon chain of less than 30 atoms
- C10M133/38—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
- C10M133/44—Five-membered ring containing nitrogen and carbon only
- C10M133/46—Imidazoles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/14—Metallic material, boron or silicon
- C23C14/18—Metallic material, boron or silicon on other inorganic substrates
- C23C14/185—Metallic material, boron or silicon on other inorganic substrates by cathodic sputtering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/06—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon characterised by the electrolytes used
- C25D11/08—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon characterised by the electrolytes used containing inorganic acids
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/18—After-treatment, e.g. pore-sealing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2215/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing nitrogen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2215/22—Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds
- C10M2215/223—Five-membered rings containing nitrogen and carbon only
- C10M2215/224—Imidazoles
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure
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- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
- C10N2040/20—Metal working
- C10N2040/24—Metal working without essential removal of material, e.g. forming, gorging, drawing, pressing, stamping, rolling or extruding; Punching metal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
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Abstract
The invention discloses a treatment method for low-friction solid-liquid composite lubrication of an aluminum-lithium alloy surface, which comprises the following steps of S1: pre-cleaning the surface of an aluminum-lithium alloy substrate, and then deoxidizing with alkali liquor to realize cleaning and activation of the surface of the aluminum-lithium alloy; s2: preparing a porous anodic oxidation layer serving as a bearing layer and a transition layer on the surface of the pretreated aluminum-lithium alloy substrate by utilizing a chromic acid anodic oxidation process; s3: depositing a nano gold film on the surface of the porous anodic oxide layer by adopting a direct current sputtering technology; s4: and coating the surface of the nano gold film with an ionic liquid, and realizing solid-liquid composite lubrication under the lubrication of the ionic liquid. The nano gold film deposited on the surface of the porous anodic oxide layer forms a composite lubricating film or an island-shaped structure with millimeter-level size with the ionic liquid in the sliding process, thereby realizing low friction, even ultra-low friction.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tribology, in particular to a treatment method for low-friction solid-liquid composite lubrication of an aluminum-lithium alloy surface.
Background
Aluminum materials are important engineering materials, but when the aluminum materials are used as tribological materials, the aluminum materials have serious weaknesses of soft quality, high friction coefficient, high abrasion, easy pull injury, difficult lubrication and the like. Tribological surface modification of aluminum materials is an effective approach to solve the above-mentioned problems (Chen Jianmin et al, tribological surface modification of aluminum materials, tribological journal, 1994, 14 (3): 259-269). The aluminum-lithium alloy is expected to be applied to the field of tribology as a light-weight and high-specific strength material (Zhang Saiyuan and the like, influence of aging treatment on the tribology behavior of the AA2099 aluminum-lithium alloy, tribology journal, 2016, 36 (2): 261-268).
Based on the surface modification technology, the anodic oxidation technology of pure aluminum and some aluminum alloys is mature, and is mainly used for improving the corrosion resistance and the friction corrosion resistance of the pure aluminum and the aluminum alloys, compared with an aluminum lithium alloy substrate with larger plasticity, the anodic oxidation layer has better plastic deformation resistance and better engineering application prospect; but alumina grain fracture (intergranular, intragranular, or a mixture of both) becomes the dominant wear form, and lacks a reliable lubrication mechanism. Thus, both on dry friction and liquid sideUnder the condition of boundary lubrication, low friction (friction coefficient lower than 0.05) and even ultra-low friction (10) cannot be obtained only by the anodic oxidation technology -3 Magnitude). In summary, it is necessary to realize the construction of solid/liquid composite lubrication on the surface of aluminum-lithium alloy by the tribological principle and the surface engineering technique.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention aims to provide a treatment method for low-friction solid-liquid composite lubrication of the surface of an aluminum-lithium alloy, which can realize low friction and even ultralow friction of the surface of the aluminum-lithium alloy.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the method for processing the low-friction solid-liquid composite lubrication on the surface of the aluminum-lithium alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps of,
s1: pretreating the surface of an aluminum-lithium alloy substrate;
s2: preparing a porous anodic oxidation layer serving as a bearing layer and a transition layer on the surface of the pretreated aluminum-lithium alloy substrate;
s3: depositing a nano gold film on the surface of the porous anodic oxidation layer;
s4: and coating the ionic liquid on the surface of the nano gold film to realize solid-liquid composite lubrication.
Further, the surface of the aluminum-lithium alloy is in a rolled state or a polished state, and the thickness is 0.2-3 mm.
Further, the specific operation of step S1 includes the steps of,
s101: performing ultrasonic degreasing on an aluminum-lithium alloy substrate by using chemical pure ethanol, leaching by using distilled water, and drying;
s102: deoxidizing the cleaned and dried aluminum-lithium alloy substrate by alkali liquor;
s103: rinsing the deoxidized and pretreated aluminum-lithium alloy substrate by distilled water, and using 30% HNO at room temperature 3 And cleaning the solution, and drying for later use.
Further, in step S102, a sodium hydroxide solution is used to deoxidize the aluminum-lithium alloy substrate after washing and drying, the deoxidizing pretreatment is performed at a temperature of 50 ℃ for 10-15S.
Further, the specific operation of step S2 includes the steps of,
s201: taking the pretreated aluminum lithium alloy substrate as an anode, and oxidizing in 45g/L chromic acid electrolyte for 30-40 min by utilizing a chromic acid anodic oxidation process;
s202: taking out the aluminum-lithium alloy after the anodic oxidation is finished for 5min, and sealing the aluminum-lithium alloy substrate by using 100mg/kg of dilute chromic acid solution at 90 ℃ for 30min;
s203: washing the aluminum-lithium alloy substrate by using distilled water to remove electrolyte remained on the surface of the oxide film;
s204: and drying the washed aluminum-lithium alloy.
Further, the chromic acid anodic oxidation process in the step S201 has an oxidation temperature of 30-40 ℃, an oxidation voltage of 15-20V and a current density of 0.5-0.7A/dm 2 。
Further, in step S3, a nano gold film is deposited on the surface of the porous anodic oxide layer by adopting an ion sputtering technology, a gold target with the purity of 99.99% is adopted for ion sputtering, the current is 40-70 mA, and the vacuum degree is 1 multiplied by 10 -2 ～5×10 -2 Pa, 2-6 Pa argon is filled during sputtering, and the metal spraying time is 50-150 s.
Further, the ionic liquid in the step S4 is an ionic liquid with boron fluoride as an anion and imidazole as a cation, or an ionic liquid with phosphorus fluoride as an anion and imidazole as a cation, or an ionic liquid of 1-hydroxyethyl-3-methylimidazole bis (trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide salt.
Further, in the step S4, the ionic liquid with boron fluoride as anions and imidazole as cations is specifically 1-octyl-3-methylimidazole tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid; the ionic liquid with anions of phosphorus and fluorine and cations of imidazole is specifically 1-octyl-3-methylimidazole hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the method for processing the low-friction solid-liquid composite lubrication on the surface of the aluminum lithium alloy mainly comprises the steps of preparing a porous anodic oxidation layer on the surface of the aluminum lithium alloy, depositing a nano gold film on the surface of the porous anodic oxidation layer, and coating ionic liquid on the surface of the nano gold film, wherein the surface of the aluminum lithium alloy in a rolled state or a polished state presents different surface morphology characteristics, and after a subsequent anodic oxidation process, the surface morphology of the anodic oxidation layer inherits the surface morphology characteristics of an aluminum lithium alloy plate, so that the nano gold film has no change on the surface morphology, and the surface effect of an aluminum lithium alloy substrate is ensured; the nano gold film forms a composite lubricating film with the ionic liquid or forms an island-shaped structure with millimeter-sized dimension in the sliding process, so that low friction and even ultra-low friction can be realized.
2. According to the invention, the chromic acid anodic oxidation process is adopted to prepare the anodic oxidation layer on the surface of the aluminum lithium alloy, and then the nano gold film is deposited on the surface of the anodic oxidation layer, so that the nano gold film can be used as a lubricating function layer, the soft metal film not only can effectively reduce abrasion caused by breakage of alumina ceramic grains, but also can obviously improve other tribological properties, such as shortening the running-in period, reducing the friction coefficient and the like; the anodic oxide layer is used as a bearing layer of the aluminum lithium alloy and is also used as a transition layer between the gold film and the aluminum lithium alloy, so that the soft/soft coordination of the gold film/the aluminum lithium alloy can be avoided, and the bearing capacity and the antifriction performance of the gold film are improved; under dry friction conditions, the gold film is a solid lubrication film (lubrication function layer); under the boundary lubrication condition, the friction physical effect of the gold film and the friction chemical effect between the gold film and the anodic oxide film and the liquid lubricant are the basis for realizing low friction and even ultra-low friction.
3. The nano gold film and the anodic oxide layer have good inertia to the ionic liquid, so that the corrosion possibly caused to the aluminum-lithium alloy substrate when the ionic liquid is directly contacted with the aluminum-lithium alloy substrate as a lubricant can be reduced; when the ionic liquid selects the ionic liquid with boron fluoride as anions and imidazole as cations, the low friction of the aluminum-lithium alloy surface can be realized, and when the ionic liquid selects the 1-octyl-3-methylimidazole hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid, the ultralow friction of the aluminum-lithium alloy surface can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of low-friction solid-liquid composite lubrication of the surface of an aluminum-lithium alloy in the invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the friction coefficient versus time of the aluminum lithium alloy surfaces of the first and the second examples of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a scanning electron microscope image of the surface abrasion morphology of the aluminum-lithium alloy surface under the condition of the nano gold film/PF 6 composite lubrication and a normal load of 5N and an EDS energy spectrum analysis image of an island-shaped structure in the first embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph of friction coefficient versus time for the surfaces of the aluminum lithium alloys of examples two and two of the comparative examples.
Fig. 5 is a scanning electron microscope image of the surface abrasion morphology of the aluminum-lithium alloy surface under the conditions of nano gold film/PF 6 composite lubrication and normal load of 10N and 5N, and an EDS (electronic discharge Spectrometry) spectrum analysis chart of an island-shaped structure in the second embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 6 is a graph of friction coefficient versus time for the surfaces of the aluminum lithium alloys of example three and comparative example three of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a graph of friction coefficient versus time for the surfaces of aluminum lithium alloys of example four and comparative example four of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a graph of coefficient of friction versus time for the surfaces of the aluminum lithium alloys of example five and comparative example five of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a scanning electron microscope image of the surface abrasion morphology of the aluminum-lithium alloy surface under the condition of 10N normal load and an EDS energy spectrum analysis chart of the transparent film structure in the fifth embodiment of the invention under the composite lubrication of the nano gold film/NTF 2.
Fig. 10 is a graph of friction coefficient versus time for the surfaces of the aluminum lithium alloys of example six and comparative example six of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a scanning electron microscope image of the surface abrasion morphology of the aluminum-lithium alloy surface under the condition of the nano gold film/NTF 2 composite lubrication and a normal load of 10N and an EDS energy spectrum analysis chart of a honeycomb spherical structure in the sixth embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Embodiment one:
a method for processing low-friction solid-liquid composite lubrication on the surface of an aluminum-lithium alloy, which comprises the following steps,
s1: pretreating the surface of an aluminum-lithium alloy substrate; the aluminum lithium alloy substrate adopts a rolled (sublevel) 2060-T8E30 aluminum lithium alloy substrate, the surface roughness Ra is 0.384mm, and the size is 350 multiplied by 150 multiplied by 3mm.
Specifically, S101: performing ultrasonic degreasing on an aluminum-lithium alloy substrate with chemical pure ethanol, wherein the ultrasonic power is 40W, the ultrasonic time is 10min, and then rinsing with distilled water, wherein the electric hair drier is low Wen Chuigan;
s102: deoxidizing the aluminum-lithium alloy substrate after washing and drying for 13s by using 50g/L sodium hydroxide solution at 50 ℃;
s103: rinsing the deoxidized and pretreated aluminum-lithium alloy substrate by distilled water, and using 30% HNO at room temperature 3 And cleaning the solution, removing sodium hydroxide remained on the surface of the aluminum-lithium alloy substrate, and drying the aluminum-lithium alloy substrate at a low temperature by using an electric hair drier for later use.
Further, S2: preparing a porous anodic oxidation layer serving as a bearing layer and a transition layer on the surface of the pretreated aluminum-lithium alloy substrate;
specifically, S201: taking the pretreated aluminum lithium alloy substrate as an anode, and carrying out oxidation treatment in 45g/L chromic acid electrolyte for 35min by utilizing a chromic acid anodic oxidation process; the oxidation temperature is 35 ℃ (heating in water bath), the oxidation voltage is 18V, and the current density is 0.6A/dm 2 。
S202: taking out the aluminum-lithium alloy after the anodic oxidation is finished for 5min, and sealing the aluminum-lithium alloy substrate by using 100mg/kg of dilute chromic acid solution at 90 ℃ for 30min;
s203: washing the aluminum-lithium alloy substrate by using distilled water to remove electrolyte remained on the surface of the oxide film;
s204: and drying the surface of the washed aluminum-lithium alloy by using cold air of the electric hair drier.
Further, S3: depositing a nano gold film on the surface of the porous anodic oxide layer by adopting an ion sputtering technology;
specifically, S301: placing the aluminum-lithium alloy into absolute ethyl alcohol, cleaning for three times by using an ultrasonic cleaner for 15 minutes each time,
s302: placing clean aluminum-lithium alloy on a target table of an ion sputtering instrument, performing ion sputtering by adopting a gold target with purity of 99.99%, wherein the current is 62mA, and the vacuum degree is 10 -2 pa, metal spraying time 130s.
Further, S4: coating ionic liquid on the surface of the nano gold film to realize solid-liquid composite lubrication;
specifically, the ionic liquid adopts 1-octyl-3-methylimidazole hexafluorophosphate (PF 6 for short), and has a structural formula of3 microliters of PF6 was measured with a microsyringe and coated on the S1 nano gold film surface.
Further, a schematic diagram of the principle of the low-friction solid-liquid composite lubrication of the aluminum-lithium alloy surface is shown in fig. 1, and two important lubrication mechanisms of the solid-liquid composite lubrication are respectively as follows: (a) surface effects of an aluminum lithium alloy substrate; after the rolling process, the surface of the aluminum-lithium alloy substrate presents different surface morphology features; after the subsequent anodic oxidation process, the surface morphology of the anodic oxidation layer inherits the surface morphology characteristics of the aluminum-lithium alloy substrate. From Abbott curve, the surface morphology of the anodic oxide layer on the surface of the rolled aluminum-lithium alloy is very beneficial to boundary lubrication; the nano gold film has no change to the surface morphology, thus ensuring the surface effect of the aluminum-lithium alloy substrate. (b) Gold/alumina has a tribocatalytic effect on specific ionic liquids; from the catalytic point of view, nano gold/alumina is a heterogeneous catalyst, and under the induction of friction, heat and the like, catalytic reaction on specific ionic liquid can occur on a friction interface, so that a compound favorable for low friction and even ultra-low friction is generated.
Comparative example one:
comparative example one provides a method for treating surface lubrication of an aluminum-lithium alloy, comprising the following steps,
s1: pretreating the surface of an aluminum-lithium alloy substrate; the aluminum-lithium alloy substrate is the same as that in the first embodiment, and the pretreatment method is the same as that in the first embodiment.
S2: and directly coating PF6 as a lubricating layer on the surface of the pretreated aluminum-lithium alloy.
Further, performing a friction and wear experiment on the aluminum lithium alloy treated in the first embodiment and the first comparative embodiment, wherein the friction and wear experiment is performed in an air atmosphere by adopting an aluminum lithium alloy/GCr 15 steel ball friction pair, and the indoor relative humidity is 15% -40%; room temperature was 18-28 ℃ unless noted. Normal load is 5 or 10N (average hertz contact stress is 0.67 or 1GPa, calculated by software provided by Tribology ABC); the sliding stroke is 3.7mm; the reciprocation frequency was 2Hz, which corresponds to a sliding rate of 1.56cm/s. The friction coefficient is acquired by a computer. The experimental results are shown in figure 2.
In the friction coefficient versus time graph of fig. 2, the red curve is the friction coefficient curve of comparative example one (PF 6 lubrication only) under 10N conditions, the black curve is the friction coefficient curve of example one (nano gold film/PF 6) solid-liquid composite lubrication under 5N normal load, and the blue curve is the friction coefficient curve of example one (nano gold film/PF 6) solid-liquid composite lubrication under 10N load. As can be seen from the figure 2, the COF of the friction pair of the aluminum-lithium alloy subsurface/GCr 15 steel ball is 0.09 only under the lubrication of PF6 ionic liquid, and after the composite lubrication of the nano gold film/PF 6 ionic liquid is adopted, the experimental results are smaller than the friction coefficient of the comparative example I lubricated by PF6 ionic liquid only, and 10 is realized -2 Low friction of the order of magnitude, even reaching 10 -3 Ultra low friction on the order of magnitude.
Further, the specific analysis of the wear surface of the aluminum-lithium alloy using the nano gold film/PF 6 solid-liquid composite lubrication in the first embodiment under 5N load is shown in FIG. 3, in which (a) is a scanning electron microscope image of the wear surface morphology of the aluminum-lithium alloy in FIG. 3, and in the sliding process, as can be seen from (a) in FIG. 3, the friction surface is catalyzed by gold, PF6 ionic liquid and Al 2 O 3 The anodic oxide film generates an island-shaped structure with the element composition of F, O, al, P, N, thereby realizingUltralow friction and (b) in fig. 3 is an EDS spectrum analysis chart of an island-shaped structure on the surface of the aluminum-lithium alloy.
Embodiment two:
the difference between the second embodiment and the first embodiment is that the aluminum-lithium alloy used in the second embodiment is a 2060-T8E30 aluminum-lithium alloy substrate in a polished state (i.e., a bright surface), and all other operation steps are the same as those of the first embodiment.
Comparative example two:
the second comparative example uses the same aluminum-lithium alloy substrate as the second example, and after the aluminum-lithium alloy substrate is pretreated by the same pretreatment method in step S1, PF6 is directly coated on the surface of the aluminum-lithium alloy as a lubricating layer.
Further, performing a friction and wear experiment on the aluminum lithium alloy treated in the second embodiment and the second comparative embodiment, wherein the friction and wear experiment is performed in an air atmosphere by adopting an aluminum lithium alloy/GCr 15 steel ball friction pair, and the indoor relative humidity is 15% -40%; room temperature was 18-28 ℃ unless noted. Normal load is 5 or 10N (average hertz contact stress is 0.67 or 1GPa, calculated by software provided by Tribology ABC); the sliding stroke is 3.7mm; the reciprocation frequency was 2Hz, which corresponds to a sliding rate of 1.56cm/s. The friction coefficient is acquired by a computer. The experimental results are shown in figure 4.
In the friction coefficient versus time graph of fig. 4, the red curve is the friction coefficient curve of comparative example two (PF 6 lubrication only) under 10N conditions, the black curve is the friction coefficient curve of example two (nano gold film/PF 6) solid-liquid composite lubrication under 5N normal load, and the blue curve is the friction coefficient curve of example two (nano gold film/PF 6) solid-liquid composite lubrication under 10N load. As can be seen from fig. 4, under the condition that the solid-liquid lubrication and normal load of 10N are carried out on the bright surface of the anodic oxide film of the aluminum-lithium alloy by using the nano gold film/BF 6, no super-slip state is generated, and the friction coefficient is obviously increased. And when the normal load is 5N, the friction is in an ultra-sliding state.
Further, the wear surface of the aluminum-lithium alloy of the second example using the nano gold film/PF 6 solid-liquid composite lubrication under 5N and 10N load was specifically analyzed, and the results are shown in FIG. 5, in whichIn fig. 5, (a) and (b) are respectively a scanning electron microscope image and an EDS spectrum analysis image of the surface wear morphology of the aluminum-lithium alloy under a load of 10N, and (c) and (d) are respectively a scanning electron microscope image of the surface wear morphology of the aluminum-lithium alloy under a load of 5N and an EDS spectrum analysis image of the "island-like" structure of the surface of the aluminum-lithium alloy. As can be seen from fig. 5, when the normal load is 10N, the friction surface of the aluminum-lithium alloy is worn in a large area, the anodic oxide film is failed, and the aluminum substrate is gradually exposed, so that the friction coefficient is increased. When the normal load is 5N, the friction surface of the aluminum-lithium alloy is the same as the sublevel, and the PF6 ionic liquid and the Al are catalyzed by gold 2 O 3 The anodic oxide film also generates an "island-like" structure with an elemental composition of F, O, al, P, N, thereby achieving ultra-slip. .
Embodiment III:
the difference between the third embodiment and the first embodiment is that the ionic liquid used in the step S4 is different, and other operation steps are the same as those of the first embodiment. Specifically, the aluminum-lithium alloy used in example three was a 2060-T8E30 aluminum-lithium alloy substrate in a rolled state (sublevel), and had a surface roughness of 0.384mm and a dimension of 350X 150X 3mm. The ionic liquid is 1-octyl-3-methylimidazole tetrafluoroborate (BF 4 for short), and the structural formula is
Comparative example three:
comparative example three and example three use the same aluminium-lithium alloy substrate, after the aluminium-lithium alloy substrate is pretreated by the same pretreatment method in step S1, BF4 is directly coated on the aluminium-lithium alloy surface as a lubricating layer.
Friction and wear experiments are carried out on the aluminum lithium alloy treated in the third embodiment and the third comparative embodiment, wherein the friction and wear experiments are carried out in an air atmosphere by adopting an aluminum lithium alloy/GCr 15 steel ball friction pair, and the indoor relative humidity is 15% -40%; room temperature was 18-28 ℃ unless noted. Normal load 10N (average hz contact stress 1GPa, calculated by software provided by Tribology ABC); the sliding stroke is 3.7mm; the reciprocation frequency was 2Hz, which corresponds to a sliding rate of 1.56cm/s. The friction coefficient is acquired by a computer. The experimental results are shown in fig. 6.
In the friction coefficient versus time graph of fig. 6, the red curve is the friction coefficient curve of comparative example three (BF 4 lubrication only) under 10N conditions, and the black curve is the friction coefficient curve of example three (nano-gold film/BF 4) solid-liquid composite lubrication under 10N normal load. As can be seen from fig. 6, the COF of the aluminum-lithium alloy subsurface/GCr 15 steel ball friction pair is 0.11 only under BF4 ionic liquid lubrication; when the nano gold film/BF 4 ionic liquid is used for composite lubrication, the friction coefficient is 0.1, which is not much different from the result of only using BF4 ionic liquid.
Embodiment four:
the difference between the fourth embodiment and the third embodiment is that the aluminum-lithium alloy substrate is different, the polished aluminum-lithium alloy substrate (i.e., the bright surface) is adopted in the fourth embodiment, and other operation steps are the same as those in the third embodiment.
Comparative example four:
comparative example four the same aluminum-lithium alloy substrate as in example four was used, and BF4 was directly coated on the aluminum-lithium alloy surface as a lubricating layer after the polished aluminum-lithium alloy substrate was pretreated by the same pretreatment method as in step S1.
Friction and wear experiments are carried out on the aluminum lithium alloy treated in the fourth embodiment and the fourth comparative embodiment, wherein the friction and wear experiments are carried out in an air atmosphere by adopting an aluminum lithium alloy/GCr 15 steel ball friction pair, and the indoor relative humidity is 15% -40%; room temperature was 18-28 ℃ unless noted. Normal load 10N (average hz contact stress 1GPa, calculated by software provided by Tribology ABC); the sliding stroke is 3.7mm; the reciprocation frequency was 2Hz, which corresponds to a sliding rate of 1.56cm/s. The friction coefficient is acquired by a computer. The experimental results are shown in fig. 7.
In the friction coefficient-time graph of fig. 7, the red curve is the friction coefficient curve of comparative example four (BF 4 lubrication only) under 10N conditions, and the black curve is the friction coefficient curve of example four (nano-gold film/BF 4) solid-liquid composite lubrication under 10N normal load. As can be seen from fig. 7, the lubrication effect of the two lubrication systems is substantially identical for bright surfaces.
It can be seen from the combination of the third embodiment and the fourth embodiment that, for the friction pair of the aluminum lithium alloy/GCr 15 steel ball, the composite lubrication effect of the nano gold film/the ionic liquid has a remarkable effect only in the presence of a specific ionic liquid, and the composite lubrication effect is not remarkable in a lubrication system in which BF4 ionic liquid exists.
Fifth embodiment:
the fifth embodiment differs from the first embodiment only in that the ionic liquid used in step S4 is different, and other operation steps are the same as those of the first embodiment. Specifically, the aluminum-lithium alloy used in example five was a 2060-T8E30 aluminum-lithium alloy substrate in a rolled state (sublevel), and had a surface roughness of 0.384mm and dimensions of 350X 150X 3mm. The ionic liquid is 1-octyl-3-hydroxyethyl imidazole bis (trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imine salt (NTF 2 for short), and the structural formula is
Comparative example five:
comparative example five the same aluminum-lithium alloy substrate as in example five was used, and after pretreatment of the aluminum-lithium alloy substrate by the same pretreatment method in step S1, NTF2 was directly coated on the aluminum-lithium alloy surface as a lubricating layer.
Carrying out a friction and wear experiment on the aluminum lithium alloy treated in the fifth embodiment and the fifth comparative embodiment, wherein the friction and wear experiment is carried out in an air atmosphere by adopting an aluminum lithium alloy/GCr 15 steel ball friction pair, and the indoor relative humidity is 15% -40%; room temperature was 18-28 ℃ unless noted. Normal load 10N (average hz contact stress 1GPa, calculated by software provided by Tribology ABC); the sliding stroke is 3.7mm; the reciprocation frequency was 2Hz, which corresponds to a sliding rate of 1.56cm/s. The friction coefficient is acquired by a computer. The experimental results are shown in fig. 8.
In the friction coefficient versus time graph of fig. 8, the red curve is the friction coefficient curve of comparative example five (NTF 2 lubrication only) under 10N conditions, and the black curve is the friction coefficient curve of example five (nano-gold film/NTF 2) solid-liquid composite lubrication under 10N normal load. As can be seen from fig. 8, the COF of the aluminum-lithium alloy subsurface/GCr 15 steel ball friction pair is 0.18 only under the lubrication of the NTF2 ionic liquid; when the nano gold film/NTF 2 ionic liquid is adopted for composite lubrication, the friction coefficient is 0.12, and the friction coefficient is reduced by 33.4%.
Further, the abrasion morphology of the aluminum-lithium alloy substrate in the fifth embodiment in the frictional abrasion experiment was analyzed, and the result is shown in fig. 9. In fig. 9, (a) and (b) are respectively a scanning electron microscope image and an EDS spectrum analysis image of the local wear profile of the aluminum-lithium alloy substrate. As can be seen from FIG. 9 (a), a transparent film exists on the abrasion surface of the aluminum-lithium alloy substrate, and EDS energy spectrum analysis is carried out on the transparent film (the result is shown as (b) in FIG. 9), wherein the elemental compositions of the transparent film are Al, O and N, and the transparent film is ionic liquid NTF2 and Al 2 O 3 The reaction product of the anodic oxide film separates the friction pair, thereby reducing friction.
Example six:
the difference between the sixth embodiment and the fifth embodiment is that the aluminum-lithium alloy substrate is different, and the polished aluminum-lithium alloy substrate (i.e., the bright surface) is used in the sixth embodiment, and other operation steps are the same as those in the fifth embodiment.
Comparative example six:
comparative example six the same aluminum-lithium alloy substrate as in example six was used, and after the polished aluminum-lithium alloy substrate was pretreated by the same pretreatment method as in step S1, NTF2 was directly coated on the aluminum-lithium alloy surface as a lubricating layer.
Performing a friction and wear experiment on the aluminum lithium alloy treated in the embodiment six and the comparative example six, wherein the friction and wear experiment is performed in an air atmosphere by adopting an aluminum lithium alloy/GCr 15 steel ball friction pair, and the indoor relative humidity is 15% -40%; room temperature was 18-28 ℃ unless noted. Normal load 10N (average hz contact stress 1GPa, calculated by software provided by Tribology ABC); the sliding stroke is 3.7mm; the reciprocation frequency was 2Hz, which corresponds to a sliding rate of 1.56cm/s. The friction coefficient is acquired by a computer. The experimental results are shown in fig. 10.
In the friction coefficient versus time graph of fig. 10, the red curve is the friction coefficient curve of comparative example six (NTF 2 lubrication only) under 10N conditions, and the black curve is the friction coefficient curve of example six (nano-gold film/NTF 2) solid-liquid composite lubrication under 10N normal load. As can be seen from fig. 10, the COF of the aluminum-lithium alloy bright surface/GCr 15 steel ball friction pair is 0.18 only under the lubrication of the NTF2 ionic liquid; when the nano gold film/NTF 2 ionic liquid composite lubrication is adopted, the friction coefficient is 0.10, and the friction coefficient is reduced by 44.5%.
Further, the abrasion morphology of the aluminum-lithium alloy substrate in the sixth embodiment in the frictional abrasion experiment was analyzed, and the result is shown in fig. 11. In fig. 11, (a) and (b) are respectively a scanning electron microscope image and an EDS spectrum analysis image of the local wear morphology of the aluminum-lithium alloy substrate. As can be seen from FIG. 11 (a), a large number of honeycomb spherical structures are formed on the abrasion surface of the aluminum-lithium alloy substrate, and EDS energy spectrum analysis is carried out on the honeycomb spherical structures (the result is shown as (b) in FIG. 11), and the element composition is Al, O, N, F, S, which is ionic liquid NTF2 and Al 2 O 3 Acting like a rolling bearing during friction, thereby reducing friction.
The experimental results of the above examples one to six and comparative examples one to six and the results of the friction and wear experiments performed using only the nano gold film as the lubricating layer by dry friction on the surfaces of different aluminum lithium alloys are summarized in the following table 1.
TABLE 1 Friction wear test results under different lubrication treatments
As can be seen from Table 1, the solid-liquid composite lubrication proposed in the present invention can significantly reduce the friction coefficient of the surface of aluminum-lithium alloy, and when gold film/PF 6 solid-liquid composite lubrication is adopted for Al-Li alloy, a friction coefficient of 10 can be achieved -3 Ultra-slip of magnitude.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (3)
1. The method for processing the low-friction solid-liquid composite lubrication on the surface of the aluminum-lithium alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps of,
s1: pretreating the surface of an aluminum-lithium alloy substrate; the surface of the aluminum-lithium alloy is in a rolling state or a polishing state, and the thickness is 0.2-3 mm;
s2: preparing a porous anodic oxidation layer serving as a bearing layer and a transition layer on the surface of the pretreated aluminum-lithium alloy substrate;
s3: depositing a nano gold film on the surface of the porous anodic oxidation layer;
s4: coating ionic liquid on the surface of the nano gold film to realize solid-liquid composite lubrication;
the specific operation of step S1 includes the following steps,
s101: performing ultrasonic degreasing on an aluminum-lithium alloy substrate by using chemical pure ethanol, leaching by using distilled water, and drying;
s102: carrying out deoxidation pretreatment on the aluminum lithium alloy substrate after washing and drying by using sodium hydroxide solution, wherein the temperature of the deoxidation pretreatment is 50 ℃ and the time is 10-15 s;
s103: rinsing the deoxidized and pretreated aluminum-lithium alloy substrate by distilled water, and using 30% HNO at room temperature 3 Cleaning the solution, and drying for later use;
the specific operation of step S2 includes the following steps,
s201: taking the pretreated aluminum lithium alloy substrate as an anode, and oxidizing in 45g/L chromic acid electrolyte for 30-40 min by utilizing a chromic acid anodic oxidation process;
s202: taking out the aluminum-lithium alloy after the anodic oxidation is finished for 5min, and sealing the aluminum-lithium alloy substrate by using 100mg/kg of dilute chromic acid solution at 90 ℃ for 30min;
s203: washing the aluminum-lithium alloy substrate by using distilled water to remove electrolyte remained on the surface of the oxide film;
s204: drying the washed aluminum-lithium alloy;
the ionic liquid in the step S4 is 1-octyl-3-methylimidazole tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid, or 1-octyl-3-methylimidazole hexafluorophosphate ionic liquid, or 1-hydroxyethyl-3-methylimidazole bis (trifluoromethyl sulfonyl) imide ionic liquid.
2. The method for treating the low-friction solid-liquid composite lubrication on the surface of the aluminum-lithium alloy according to claim 1, wherein the chromic acid anodic oxidation process in the step S201 is characterized in that the oxidation temperature is 30-40 ℃, the oxidation voltage is 15-20V, and the current density is 0.5-0.7A/dm 2 。
3. The method for treating the low-friction solid-liquid composite lubrication on the surface of the aluminum-lithium alloy according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, a nano gold film is deposited on the surface of the porous anodic oxide layer by adopting an ion sputtering technology, a gold target with the purity of 99.99% is adopted for ion sputtering, the current is 40-70 mA, and the vacuum degree is 1 multiplied by 10 -2 ～5×10 -2 Pa, 2-6 Pa argon is filled during sputtering, and the metal spraying time is 50-150 s.
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