CN114538909A - Wear-resistant heat-resistant porcelain and processing technology - Google Patents
Wear-resistant heat-resistant porcelain and processing technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN114538909A CN114538909A CN202210203150.7A CN202210203150A CN114538909A CN 114538909 A CN114538909 A CN 114538909A CN 202210203150 A CN202210203150 A CN 202210203150A CN 114538909 A CN114538909 A CN 114538909A
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- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- OERNJTNJEZOPIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium nitrate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O OERNJTNJEZOPIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 235000015895 biscuits Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- VYZTZRKJVQZNIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid tantalum Chemical compound [Ta].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O VYZTZRKJVQZNIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- WFLYOQCSIHENTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum(4+) tetranitrate Chemical compound [N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[Mo+4].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-] WFLYOQCSIHENTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000004113 Sepiolite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- HEHRHMRHPUNLIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;hydroxy-[hydroxy(oxo)silyl]oxy-oxosilane;lithium Chemical compound [Li].[Al].O[Si](=O)O[Si](O)=O.O[Si](=O)O[Si](O)=O HEHRHMRHPUNLIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- CNLWCVNCHLKFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;lithium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Li+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O CNLWCVNCHLKFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000010427 ball clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- NWXHSRDXUJENGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;magnesium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O NWXHSRDXUJENGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052637 diopside Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052670 petalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052642 spodumene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- -1 micanite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 72
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 70
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229940085675 polyethylene glycol 800 Drugs 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910002114 biscuit porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 6
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin-22,24-diide Chemical compound [Cu+2].C1=CC(C(=C2C=CC([N-]2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(N=2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=C3[N-]2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NC1=C3C1=CC=CC=C1 RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 241000819867 Dalbergia cearensis Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 4
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000476 molybdenum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]=O PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001936 tantalum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);tantalum(5+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ta+5].[Ta+5] BPUBBGLMJRNUCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000975 co-precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005202 decontamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/16—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay
- C04B35/18—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on silicates other than clay rich in aluminium oxide
- C04B35/19—Alkali metal aluminosilicates, e.g. spodumene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
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- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/5022—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials with vitreous materials
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- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
- C04B41/86—Glazes; Cold glazes
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
- C04B2235/3436—Alkaline earth metal silicates, e.g. barium silicate
- C04B2235/3445—Magnesium silicates, e.g. forsterite
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- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
- C04B2235/3463—Alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. mullite
- C04B2235/3472—Alkali metal alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. spodumene, alkali feldspars such as albite or orthoclase, micas such as muscovite, zeolites such as natrolite
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- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/349—Clays, e.g. bentonites, smectites such as montmorillonite, vermiculites or kaolines, e.g. illite, talc or sepiolite
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- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/44—Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
- C04B2235/443—Nitrates or nitrites
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- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/44—Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
- C04B2235/449—Organic acids, e.g. EDTA, citrate, acetate, oxalate
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6562—Heating rate
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- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
- C04B2235/9607—Thermal properties, e.g. thermal expansion coefficient
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Abstract
The invention provides a wear-resistant heat-resistant porcelain and a processing technology thereof, wherein zirconium nitrate, tantalum acetate and molybdenum nitrate are used as raw materials to prepare premixed powder, petalite, micanite, ball clay, sepiolite and the premixed powder are used as raw materials to prepare a blank, and spodumene, micanite, wollastonite, violet nodular branch soil, red shale, diopside and the premixed powder are used as raw materials to prepare a glaze; and finally, preparing the blank into a blank body, biscuiting to obtain a biscuit, then uniformly glazing the surface of the biscuit by using glaze, drying, carrying out ozone treatment, and firing to obtain the finished product. The obtained porcelain has good wear resistance and good heat resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of porcelain processing, in particular to a wear-resistant heat-resistant porcelain and a processing technology thereof.
Background
Porcelain is a common daily appliance and is prepared by taking natural clay and various natural minerals as main raw materials and carrying out crushing, mixing, molding and calcining. Porcelain is quite common in daily life, and along with the improvement of living standard, people also have higher and higher requirements for the quality of porcelain, and the high-quality requirements of people often can not be met by the existing porcelain.
The common porcelain has poor wear resistance, and the appearance of the porcelain is affected by the phenomenon of surface wear after long-time use, so that the whole aesthetic feeling is poor. Many factors affect the wear resistance of porcelain, such as hardness, strength, roughness, toughness, etc., generally speaking, the higher the hardness of porcelain, the shallower the depth of surface intrusion, the smaller the volume of wear generation, and the better the wear resistance; the strength is high, so that good support can be provided for resisting abrasion, and the abrasion resistance of abrasion-resistant hard materials can be fully exerted, so that the strength and the hardness supplement each other; the smaller the roughness is, the higher the fatigue wear resistance is, and the ceramic surface roughness has a certain relation with the thickness of powder particles under a certain condition. The improvement of the abrasion resistance of the porcelain needs to be started from the above factors and comprehensively improved.
In addition, with the improvement of health consciousness, people begin to use porcelain as a main high-temperature cooking container, but the heat resistance of the existing porcelain generally causes the problems of cracking and breaking under the high-temperature cooking environment, so that the waste of cooking materials is caused, and the porcelain also has great potential safety hazards. Therefore, it is very important to improve the abrasion resistance and heat resistance of porcelain.
Patent application CN109503117A discloses a heat-resistant porcelain, the body of which is made of calcined talc, quartz, kaolinite, plastic clay, alumina and heat-resistant waste porcelain powder, the density of the product is improved, and the heat conduction and thermal shock resistance of the product are improved, but the surface of the product has enough density and poor strength, so the integral wear resistance is still poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wear-resistant heat-resistant porcelain and a processing technology thereof, and aims to solve the technical problem that both wear resistance and heat resistance cannot be achieved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a processing technology of wear-resistant and heat-resistant porcelain, which comprises the following specific steps:
(1) adding zirconium nitrate, tantalum acetate and molybdenum nitrate into the first part of water, stirring until the zirconium nitrate, the tantalum acetate and the molybdenum nitrate are completely dissolved to obtain a mixed solution, then adding an ammonia water solution with the mass concentration of 5-7% into the mixed solution, precipitating, aging to obtain a gel, then adding the gel into the second part of water, continuously adding polyethylene glycol 800 and sodium carboxymethylcellulose, performing ball milling and mixing to obtain a slurry, performing spray drying, and calcining to obtain premixed powder;
(2) then, preparing a blank by taking petalite, micanite, ball clay, sepiolite and premixed powder as raw materials, and preparing a glaze by taking spodumene, micanite, wollastonite, violet nodular soil, red shale, diopside and premixed powder as raw materials;
(3) and finally, preparing the blank into a blank, biscuiting to obtain a biscuit, carrying out ozone treatment, then uniformly glazing the surface of the biscuit by using glaze, drying and firing to obtain the wear-resistant and heat-resistant porcelain.
Preferably, in the step (1), the mass ratio of zirconium nitrate, tantalum acetate, molybdenum nitrate, first part of water, ammonia water solution, second part of water, polyethylene glycol 800 and sodium carboxymethylcellulose is 20-25: 5-7: 2-3: 300-320: 100-110: 400-420: 20-25: 2 to 3.
Preferably, in the step (1), the aging time is 2-3 hours, and the ball milling time is 2-3 hours.
Preferably, in the step (1), the calcination process conditions are as follows: calcining at 1100-1200 ℃ for 10-12 hours.
Preferably, in the step (2), the preparation method of the billet comprises the following steps in parts by weight: adding 45-55 parts of petalite, 20-22 parts of mica rock, 15-20 parts of ball clay, 15-20 parts of sepiolite and 3-4 parts of premixed powder as raw materials into a ball mill, and carrying out wet ball milling to obtain a blank; wherein the ball milling medium is water, the using amount of the water is 1-1.2 times of the total mass of the raw materials, and the ball milling time is 20-22 hours.
Preferably, in the step (2), the glaze is prepared by the following steps in parts by weight: adding 30-35 parts of spodumene, 25-30 parts of mica rock, 20-25 parts of wollastonite, 15-20 parts of violet nodular soil, 15-20 parts of red shale, 12-15 parts of diopside and 5-6 parts of premixed powder into a ball mill, and performing wet ball milling to obtain a glaze; wherein the ball milling medium is water, the using amount of the water is 1-1.2 times of the total mass of the raw materials, and the ball milling time is 45-50 hours.
Preferably, in the step (3), the bisque firing process conditions are as follows: bisque firing at 400-420 ℃ for 2-3 hours.
Preferably, in the step (3), the specific method of ozone treatment is as follows: under the condition of 55-65 ℃, the concentration of ozone is 25-35 mg/L, the working pressure is 0.1-0.2 MPa, and the treatment time is 80-90 minutes.
Preferably, in the step (3), the glazing mode is dipping glaze or spraying glaze.
Preferably, in the step (3), the glazing thickness is 0.6-0.8 mm.
Preferably, in the step (3), the firing process conditions are as follows: in a kiln, firstly, heating to 800-810 ℃ at a speed of 3-4 ℃/min, and burning for 3-4 hours; then heating to 1100-1120 ℃ at a speed of 1-2 ℃/min, and burning for 4-5 hours; and finally, naturally cooling the inside of the kiln to room temperature.
The invention also provides the wear-resistant heat-resistant porcelain obtained by the processing technology.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method comprises the steps of firstly preparing premixed powder from zirconium nitrate, tantalum acetate and molybdenum nitrate, then preparing blanks from petalite, mica rock, ball clay, sepiolite and the premixed powder, and preparing glaze from spodumene, mica rock, wollastonite, violet-wood clay, red shale, diopside and the premixed powder; and finally, preparing the blank into a blank body, biscuiting to obtain a biscuit, then uniformly glazing the surface of the biscuit by using glaze, drying, carrying out ozone treatment, and firing to obtain the porcelain. The obtained porcelain has good wear resistance and good heat resistance.
The biscuit is subjected to ozone treatment before glazing, so that on one hand, a decontamination effect is achieved, on the other hand, the ozone can improve the wetting property of the surface of the biscuit, the coating effect of glaze on the surface of the biscuit is promoted, and the improvement of the wear resistance and the heat resistance of the porcelain is facilitated.
The blank is prepared from petalite, micanite, ball clay, sepiolite and premixed powder as raw materials, the glaze is prepared from spodumene, micanite, wollastonite, violet nodular soil, red shale, diopside and premixed powder as raw materials, wherein the key for restricting the wear resistance and heat resistance of the porcelain lies in the addition of the premixed powder.
The premixed powder is prepared by firstly preparing mixed solution of zirconium nitrate, tantalum acetate and molybdenum nitrate, then adding ammonia water solution to prepare gel, dispersing the gel in water, continuously adding polyethylene glycol 800 and sodium carboxymethylcellulose, performing ball milling, uniformly mixing, spray drying and calcining. The method comprises the steps of preparing zirconium nitrate, tantalum acetate and molybdenum nitrate, performing coprecipitation under the action of ammonia water to form gel, dispersing the gel in water, performing ball milling to prepare uniform slurry under the dispersion action of polyethylene glycol 800 and the bonding action of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and performing spray drying on the slurry to obtain premixed powder with zirconium, tantalum and molybdenum nano oxides as components. The premixed powder is added into the blank or glaze, because the formation process of the crystal is a process of converting substances from other aggregation states, namely gas state, liquid state or solid state (including amorphous state and other crystalline phases) to specific crystalline state, and the temperature becomes a key point for restricting the formation of the crystal, in the subsequent biscuit firing or glazing firing process, a part of oxide is converted into a nanocrystalline structure, and the rest exists in an amorphous structure, finally a nanocrystalline and amorphous composite structure of zirconium, tantalum and molybdenum oxide is formed, the nanocrystalline structure provides excellent mechanical property, and the amorphous structure plays a filling role for the nanocrystalline structure, so that the formed blank or glaze layer has a compact structure and better smoothness, and is beneficial to the improvement of the wear resistance and the heat resistance of the porcelain.
The element composition of the premixed powder is mainly zirconium, is assisted by tantalum and molybdenum, and has good wear resistance and heat resistance, wherein pure zirconium oxide has three crystal forms of monoclinic crystal form, tetragonal crystal form and cubic crystal form, the monoclinic crystal form can be changed into the tetragonal crystal form under the sintering condition of the premixed powder, the performance of the tetragonal crystal form is more excellent, but the stability is poor, the formation of the tantalum oxide and the molybdenum oxide can promote the reconstruction of the crystal form of the zirconium oxide, partially replace zirconium in the zirconium oxide to form a solid solution, and play a role in stabilizing, so that the zirconium oxide keeps the tetragonal crystal form unchanged, and is prevented from being converted into other crystal forms with poor performance; moreover, this application adopts tantalum oxide, molybdenum oxide to carry out binary metal doping to zirconia, further reduces the bonding energy between the zirconium, and the tetragonal crystal form is more stable, so the three synergism is favorable to the stress impact that brings at wearing and tearing external force or the violent change in temperature to improve the wearability and the heat resistance of porcelain.
Detailed Description
The following is a detailed description of embodiments of the invention, but the invention can be implemented in many different ways, as defined and covered by the claims.
Example 1:
a processing technology of wear-resistant heat-resistant porcelain comprises the following specific steps:
(1) firstly, adding zirconium nitrate, tantalum acetate and molybdenum nitrate into a first part of water, stirring until the zirconium nitrate, the tantalum acetate and the molybdenum nitrate are completely dissolved to obtain a mixed solution, then adding an ammonia water solution with the mass concentration of 5% into the mixed solution, precipitating and aging to obtain a gel, then adding the gel into a second part of water, continuously adding polyethylene glycol 800 and sodium carboxymethylcellulose, performing ball milling and mixing to obtain a slurry, performing spray drying, and calcining to obtain premixed powder;
(2) then, preparing a blank by taking petalite, micanite, ball clay, sepiolite and premixed powder as raw materials, and preparing a glaze by taking spodumene, micanite, wollastonite, violet nodular soil, red shale, diopside and premixed powder as raw materials;
(3) and finally, preparing the blank into a blank, biscuiting to obtain a biscuit, carrying out ozone treatment, then uniformly glazing the surface of the biscuit by using glaze, drying and firing to obtain the wear-resistant and heat-resistant porcelain.
In the step (1), the mass ratio of zirconium nitrate, tantalum acetate, molybdenum nitrate, first part of water, ammonia water solution, second part of water, polyethylene glycol 800 and sodium carboxymethylcellulose is 25: 5: 3: 300: 110: 400: 25: 2.
in the step (1), the aging time is 3 hours, and the ball milling time is 2 hours.
In the step (1), the calcining process conditions are as follows: calcining at 1200 ℃ for 10 hours.
In the step (2), the preparation method of the blank comprises the following steps: adding 55kg of petalite, 20kg of mica rock, 20kg of ball clay, 15kg of sepiolite and 4kg of premixed powder serving as raw materials into a ball mill, and carrying out wet ball milling to obtain a blank; wherein the ball milling medium is water, the using amount of the water is 1 time of the total mass of the raw materials, and the ball milling time is 22 hours.
In the step (2), the preparation method of the glaze material is as follows: adding 30kg of spodumene, 30kg of mica rock, 20kg of wollastonite, 20kg of violet nodular soil, 15kg of red shale, 15kg of diopside and 5kg of premixed powder as raw materials into a ball mill for wet ball milling to obtain a glaze; wherein the ball milling medium is water, the using amount of the water is 1.2 times of the total mass of the raw materials, and the ball milling time is 45 hours.
In the step (3), the process conditions of bisque firing are as follows: bisque-firing at 420 ℃ for 2 hours.
In the step (3), the specific method of ozone treatment is as follows: under the condition of 65 ℃, the ozone concentration is 25mg/L, the working pressure is 0.2MPa, and the treatment time is 80 minutes.
In the step (3), the glazing mode is dipping glaze.
In the step (3), the glazing thickness is 0.8 mm.
In the step (3), the firing process conditions are as follows: in a kiln, firstly heating to 810 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min, and burning for 3 hours; then heating to 1100 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min, and burning for 5 hours; and finally, naturally cooling the inside of the kiln to room temperature.
Example 2:
a processing technology of wear-resistant heat-resistant porcelain comprises the following specific steps:
(1) firstly adding zirconium nitrate, tantalum acetate and molybdenum nitrate into the first part of water, stirring until the zirconium nitrate, the tantalum acetate and the molybdenum nitrate are completely dissolved to obtain a mixed solution, then adding an ammonia water solution with the mass concentration of 7% into the mixed solution, precipitating and aging to obtain a gel, then adding the gel into the second part of water, continuously adding polyethylene glycol 800 and sodium carboxymethylcellulose, performing ball milling and mixing to obtain a slurry, performing spray drying, and calcining to obtain premixed powder;
(2) then, preparing a blank by taking petalite, micanite, ball clay, sepiolite and premixed powder as raw materials, and preparing a glaze by taking spodumene, micanite, wollastonite, violet nodular soil, red shale, diopside and premixed powder as raw materials;
(3) and finally, preparing the blank into a blank body, carrying out biscuit firing to obtain a biscuit, carrying out ozone treatment, then uniformly glazing the surface of the biscuit by using glaze, drying and firing to obtain the wear-resistant and heat-resistant porcelain.
In the step (1), the mass ratio of zirconium nitrate, tantalum acetate, molybdenum nitrate, first part of water, ammonia water solution, second part of water, polyethylene glycol 800 and sodium carboxymethylcellulose is 20: 7: 2: 320: 100: 420: 20: 3.
in the step (1), the aging time is 2 hours, and the ball milling time is 3 hours.
In the step (1), the calcining process conditions are as follows: calcining at 1100 deg.C for 12 hr.
In the step (2), the preparation method of the blank comprises the following steps: adding 45kg of petalite, 22kg of mica rock, 15kg of ball clay, 20kg of sepiolite and 3kg of premixed powder serving as raw materials into a ball mill, and carrying out wet ball milling to obtain a blank; wherein the ball milling medium is water, the using amount of the water is 1.2 times of the total mass of the raw materials, and the ball milling time is 20 hours.
In the step (2), the preparation method of the glaze material is as follows: adding 35kg of spodumene, 25kg of mica rock, 25kg of wollastonite, 15kg of violet nodular soil, 20kg of red shale, 12kg of diopside and 6kg of premixed powder as raw materials into a ball mill for wet ball milling to obtain a glaze; wherein the ball milling medium is water, the using amount of the water is 1 time of the total mass of the raw materials, and the ball milling time is 50 hours.
In the step (3), the process conditions of bisque firing are as follows: bisque-firing at 400 ℃ for 3 hours.
In the step (3), the specific method of ozone treatment is as follows: under the condition of 55 ℃, the ozone concentration is 35mg/L, the working pressure is 0.1MPa, and the treatment time is 90 minutes.
In the step (3), the glazing mode is glaze spraying.
In the step (3), the glazing thickness is 0.6 mm.
In the step (3), the firing process conditions are as follows: in a kiln, firstly heating to 800 ℃ at a speed of 4 ℃/min, and burning for 4 hours; then heating to 1120 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min, and burning for 4 hours; and finally, naturally cooling the inside of the kiln to room temperature.
Example 3:
a processing technology of wear-resistant heat-resistant porcelain comprises the following specific steps:
(1) firstly adding zirconium nitrate, tantalum acetate and molybdenum nitrate into the first part of water, stirring until the zirconium nitrate, the tantalum acetate and the molybdenum nitrate are completely dissolved to obtain a mixed solution, then adding an ammonia water solution with the mass concentration of 6% into the mixed solution, precipitating and aging to obtain a gel, then adding the gel into the second part of water, continuously adding polyethylene glycol 800 and sodium carboxymethylcellulose, performing ball milling and mixing to obtain a slurry, performing spray drying, and calcining to obtain premixed powder;
(2) then, preparing a blank by taking petalite, micanite, ball clay, sepiolite and premixed powder as raw materials, and preparing a glaze by taking spodumene, micanite, wollastonite, violet nodular soil, red shale, diopside and premixed powder as raw materials;
(3) and finally, preparing the blank into a blank, biscuiting to obtain a biscuit, carrying out ozone treatment, then uniformly glazing the surface of the biscuit by using glaze, drying and firing to obtain the wear-resistant and heat-resistant porcelain.
In the step (1), the mass ratio of zirconium nitrate, tantalum acetate, molybdenum nitrate, first part of water, ammonia water solution, second part of water, polyethylene glycol 800 and sodium carboxymethylcellulose is 22: 6: 2.5: 310: 105: 410: 22: 2.5.
in the step (1), the aging time is 2.5 hours, and the ball milling time is 2.5 hours.
In the step (1), the calcining process conditions are as follows: calcining at 1150 deg.C for 11 hr.
In the step (2), the preparation method of the blank comprises the following steps: adding 50kg of petalite, 21kg of mica rock, 18kg of ball clay, 18kg of sepiolite and 3.5kg of premixed powder serving as raw materials into a ball mill, and carrying out wet ball milling to obtain a blank; wherein the ball milling medium is water, the using amount of the water is 1.1 times of the total mass of the raw materials, and the ball milling time is 21 hours.
In the step (2), the preparation method of the glaze material is as follows: adding 33kg of spodumene, 28kg of mica rock, 22kg of wollastonite, 18kg of violet nodular, 18kg of red shale, 13kg of diopside and 5.5kg of premixed powder serving as raw materials into a ball mill for wet ball milling to obtain a glaze; wherein, the ball milling medium is water, the dosage of the water is 1.1 times of the total mass of the raw materials, and the ball milling time is 48 hours.
In the step (3), the process conditions of bisque firing are as follows: bisque-firing at 410 ℃ for 2.5 hours.
In the step (3), the specific method of ozone treatment is as follows: under the condition of 60 ℃, the ozone concentration is 30mg/L, the working pressure is 0.15MPa, and the treatment time is 85 minutes.
In the step (3), the glazing mode is dipping glaze.
In the step (3), the glazing thickness is 0.7 mm.
In the step (3), the firing process conditions are as follows: in the kiln, the temperature is increased to 805 ℃ at the speed of 3.5 ℃/min, and the kiln burning time is 3.5 hours; then the temperature is raised to 1110 ℃ at the speed of 1.5 ℃/min, and the kiln burning time is 4.5 hours; and finally, naturally cooling the inside of the kiln to room temperature.
Comparative example 1
A processing technology of porcelain comprises the following specific steps:
(1) adding zirconium nitrate and molybdenum nitrate into the first part of water, stirring until the zirconium nitrate and the molybdenum nitrate are completely dissolved to obtain a mixed solution, adding an ammonia water solution with the mass concentration of 5% into the mixed solution, precipitating, aging to obtain a gel, adding the gel into the second part of water, continuously adding polyethylene glycol 800 and sodium carboxymethylcellulose, performing ball milling and uniform mixing to obtain slurry, performing spray drying, and calcining to obtain premixed powder;
(2) then, preparing a blank by taking petalite, micanite, ball clay, sepiolite and premixed powder as raw materials, and preparing a glaze by taking spodumene, micanite, wollastonite, violet nodular soil, red shale, diopside and premixed powder as raw materials;
(3) and finally, preparing the blank into a blank body, carrying out biscuit firing to obtain a biscuit, carrying out ozone treatment, then uniformly glazing the surface of the biscuit by using glaze, drying and firing to obtain the porcelain.
In the step (1), the mass ratio of zirconium nitrate, molybdenum nitrate, first part of water, ammonia water solution, second part of water, polyethylene glycol 800 and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is 25: 3: 300: 110: 400: 25: 2.
in the step (1), the aging time is 3 hours, and the ball milling time is 2 hours.
In the step (1), the calcining process conditions are as follows: calcining at 1200 ℃ for 10 hours.
In the step (2), the preparation method of the blank comprises the following steps: adding 55kg of petalite, 20kg of mica rock, 20kg of ball clay, 15kg of sepiolite and 4kg of premixed powder serving as raw materials into a ball mill, and carrying out wet ball milling to obtain a blank; wherein the ball milling medium is water, the using amount of the water is 1 time of the total mass of the raw materials, and the ball milling time is 22 hours.
In the step (2), the preparation method of the glaze material is as follows: adding 30kg of spodumene, 30kg of mica rock, 20kg of wollastonite, 20kg of violet nodular soil, 15kg of red shale, 15kg of diopside and 5kg of premixed powder as raw materials into a ball mill for wet ball milling to obtain a glaze; wherein the ball milling medium is water, the using amount of the water is 1.2 times of the total mass of the raw materials, and the ball milling time is 45 hours.
In the step (3), the process conditions of bisque firing are as follows: bisque-firing at 420 ℃ for 2 hours.
In the step (3), the specific method of ozone treatment is as follows: under the condition of 65 ℃, the ozone concentration is 25mg/L, the working pressure is 0.2MPa, and the treatment time is 80 minutes.
In the step (3), the glazing mode is dipping glaze.
In the step (3), the glazing thickness is 0.8 mm.
In the step (3), the firing process conditions are as follows: in a kiln, firstly heating to 810 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min, and burning for 3 hours; then heating to 1100 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min, and burning for 5 hours; and finally, naturally cooling the inside of the kiln to room temperature.
Comparative example 2
A processing technology of porcelain comprises the following specific steps:
(1) adding zirconium nitrate and tantalum acetate into the first part of water, stirring until the zirconium nitrate and the tantalum acetate are completely dissolved to obtain a mixed solution, then adding an ammonia water solution with the mass concentration of 5% into the mixed solution, precipitating, aging to obtain a gel, then adding the gel into the second part of water, continuously adding polyethylene glycol 800 and sodium carboxymethylcellulose, performing ball milling and mixing to obtain a slurry, performing spray drying, and calcining to obtain a premixed powder;
(2) then, preparing a blank by taking petalite, micanite, ball clay, sepiolite and premixed powder as raw materials, and preparing a glaze by taking spodumene, micanite, wollastonite, violet nodular soil, red shale, diopside and premixed powder as raw materials;
(3) and finally, preparing the blank into a blank body, carrying out biscuit firing to obtain a biscuit, carrying out ozone treatment, then uniformly glazing the surface of the biscuit by using glaze, drying and firing to obtain the porcelain.
In the step (1), the mass ratio of zirconium nitrate, tantalum acetate, first part of water, ammonia water solution, second part of water, polyethylene glycol 800 and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is 25: 5: 300: 110: 400: 25: 2.
in the step (1), the aging time is 3 hours, and the ball milling time is 2 hours.
In the step (1), the calcining process conditions are as follows: calcining at 1200 ℃ for 10 hours.
In the step (2), the preparation method of the blank comprises the following steps: adding 55kg of petalite, 20kg of mica rock, 20kg of ball clay, 15kg of sepiolite and 4kg of premixed powder serving as raw materials into a ball mill, and carrying out wet ball milling to obtain a blank; wherein the ball milling medium is water, the using amount of the water is 1 time of the total mass of the raw materials, and the ball milling time is 22 hours.
In the step (2), the preparation method of the glaze material is as follows: adding 30kg of spodumene, 30kg of mica rock, 20kg of wollastonite, 20kg of violet wood clay, 15kg of red shale, 15kg of diopside and 5kg of premixed powder as raw materials into a ball mill for wet ball milling to obtain the glaze; wherein the ball milling medium is water, the using amount of the water is 1.2 times of the total mass of the raw materials, and the ball milling time is 45 hours.
In the step (3), the process conditions of bisque firing are as follows: bisque-firing at 420 ℃ for 2 hours.
In the step (3), the specific method of ozone treatment is as follows: under the condition of 65 ℃, the ozone concentration is 25mg/L, the working pressure is 0.2MPa, and the treatment time is 80 minutes.
In the step (3), the glazing mode is dipping glaze.
In the step (3), the glazing thickness is 0.8 mm.
In the step (3), the firing process conditions are as follows: in a kiln, firstly heating to 810 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min, and burning for 3 hours; then heating to 1100 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min, and burning for 5 hours; and finally, naturally cooling the inside of the kiln to room temperature.
Comparative example 3
A processing technology of porcelain comprises the following specific steps:
(1) firstly, petalite, micanite, ball clay and sepiolite are used as raw materials to prepare a blank, and spodumene, micanite, wollastonite, violet nodular branch soil, red shale and diopside are used as raw materials to prepare a glaze;
(2) and then, preparing the blank into a blank body, carrying out biscuit firing to obtain a biscuit, carrying out ozone treatment, then uniformly glazing the surface of the biscuit by using glaze, drying and firing to obtain the porcelain.
In the step (1), the preparation method of the blank comprises the following steps: adding 55kg of petalite, 20kg of mica rock, 20kg of ball clay and 15kg of sepiolite as raw materials into a ball mill for wet ball milling to obtain a blank; wherein the ball milling medium is water, the using amount of the water is 1 time of the total mass of the raw materials, and the ball milling time is 22 hours.
In the step (1), the preparation method of the glaze material comprises the following steps: adding 30kg of spodumene, 30kg of mica rock, 20kg of wollastonite, 20kg of violet wood clay, 15kg of red shale and 15kg of diopside serving as raw materials into a ball mill for wet ball milling to obtain a glaze; wherein the ball milling medium is water, the using amount of the water is 1.2 times of the total mass of the raw materials, and the ball milling time is 45 hours.
In the step (2), the process conditions of bisque firing are as follows: bisque-firing at 420 ℃ for 2 hours.
In the step (2), the specific method of ozone treatment is as follows: under the condition of 65 ℃, the ozone concentration is 25mg/L, the working pressure is 0.2MPa, and the treatment time is 80 minutes.
In the step (2), the glazing mode is dipping glaze.
In the step (2), the glazing thickness is 0.8 mm.
In the step (2), the firing process conditions are as follows: in a kiln, firstly heating to 810 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min, and burning for 3 hours; then heating to 1100 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min, and burning for 5 hours; and finally, naturally cooling the inside of the kiln to room temperature.
Comparative example 4
A processing technology of porcelain comprises the following specific steps:
(1) firstly, adding zirconium nitrate, tantalum acetate and molybdenum nitrate into a first part of water, stirring until the zirconium nitrate, the tantalum acetate and the molybdenum nitrate are completely dissolved to obtain a mixed solution, then adding an ammonia water solution with the mass concentration of 5% into the mixed solution, precipitating and aging to obtain a gel, then adding the gel into a second part of water, continuously adding polyethylene glycol 800 and sodium carboxymethylcellulose, performing ball milling and mixing to obtain a slurry, performing spray drying, and calcining to obtain premixed powder;
(2) then, preparing a blank by taking petalite, micanite, ball clay, sepiolite and premixed powder as raw materials, and preparing a glaze by taking spodumene, micanite, wollastonite, violet nodular soil, red shale, diopside and premixed powder as raw materials;
(3) and finally, preparing the blank into a blank body, biscuiting to obtain a biscuit, then uniformly glazing the surface of the biscuit by using glaze, drying and firing to obtain the porcelain.
In the step (1), the mass ratio of zirconium nitrate, tantalum acetate, molybdenum nitrate, first part of water, ammonia water solution, second part of water, polyethylene glycol 800 and sodium carboxymethylcellulose is 25: 5: 3: 300: 110: 400: 25: 2.
in the step (1), the aging time is 3 hours, and the ball milling time is 2 hours.
In the step (1), the calcining process conditions are as follows: calcining at 1200 ℃ for 10 hours.
In the step (2), the preparation method of the blank comprises the following steps: adding 55kg of petalite, 20kg of mica rock, 20kg of ball clay, 15kg of sepiolite and 4kg of premixed powder serving as raw materials into a ball mill, and carrying out wet ball milling to obtain a blank; wherein the ball milling medium is water, the using amount of the water is 1 time of the total mass of the raw materials, and the ball milling time is 22 hours.
In the step (2), the preparation method of the glaze material is as follows: adding 30kg of spodumene, 30kg of mica rock, 20kg of wollastonite, 20kg of violet wood clay, 15kg of red shale, 15kg of diopside and 5kg of premixed powder as raw materials into a ball mill for wet ball milling to obtain the glaze; wherein the ball milling medium is water, the using amount of the water is 1.2 times of the total mass of the raw materials, and the ball milling time is 45 hours.
In the step (3), the process conditions of bisque firing are as follows: bisque-firing at 420 ℃ for 2 hours.
In the step (3), the glazing mode is dipping glaze.
In the step (3), the glazing thickness is 0.8 mm.
In the step (3), the firing process conditions are as follows: in a kiln, firstly heating to 810 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min, and burning for 3 hours; then heating to 1100 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min, and burning for 5 hours; and finally, naturally cooling the inside of the kiln to room temperature.
Test examples
The properties of the ceramics obtained in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 4 were examined, and the results are shown in Table 1.
Wherein, the thermal expansion coefficient is referred to QB/T1321-.
TABLE 1 results of investigation of ceramic Properties
As can be seen from Table 1, the ceramics obtained in examples 1 to 3 had a low coefficient of thermal expansion and good thermal shock resistance, indicating good heat resistance, and the number of revolutions under abrasion was high, indicating good abrasion resistance.
The method has the advantages that tantalum acetate is omitted in the preparation of the premixed powder in the comparative example 1, molybdenum nitrate is omitted in the preparation of the premixed powder in the comparative example 2, the premixed powder is omitted in the preparation of the glaze and the blank in the comparative example 3, ozone treatment is omitted in the comparative example 4 before glazing, the abrasion resistance and the heat resistance of the obtained porcelain are obviously poor, and the premixed powder prepared by the synergistic effect of the three raw materials of zirconium nitrate, tantalum acetate and molybdenum nitrate is added into the glaze and the blank, so that the abrasion resistance and the heat resistance of the porcelain are improved; the ozone treatment before glazing is beneficial to the glazing effect, thereby ensuring the wear resistance and heat resistance of the porcelain.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The processing technology of the wear-resistant heat-resistant porcelain is characterized by comprising the following specific steps of:
(1) adding zirconium nitrate, tantalum acetate and molybdenum nitrate into the first part of water, stirring until the zirconium nitrate, the tantalum acetate and the molybdenum nitrate are completely dissolved to obtain a mixed solution, then adding an ammonia water solution with the mass concentration of 5-7% into the mixed solution, precipitating, aging to obtain a gel, then adding the gel into the second part of water, continuously adding polyethylene glycol 800 and sodium carboxymethylcellulose, performing ball milling and mixing to obtain a slurry, performing spray drying, and calcining to obtain premixed powder;
(2) then, preparing a blank by taking petalite, micanite, ball clay, sepiolite and premixed powder as raw materials, and preparing a glaze by taking spodumene, micanite, wollastonite, violet nodular soil, red shale, diopside and premixed powder as raw materials;
(3) and finally, preparing the blank into a blank, biscuiting to obtain a biscuit, carrying out ozone treatment, then uniformly glazing the surface of the biscuit by using glaze, drying and firing to obtain the wear-resistant and heat-resistant porcelain.
2. The processing technology according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the mass ratio of zirconium nitrate, tantalum acetate, molybdenum nitrate, the first part of water, the ammonia water solution, the second part of water, polyethylene glycol 800 and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is 20-25: 5-7: 2-3: 300-320: 100-110: 400-420: 20-25: 2 to 3.
3. The process according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the aging time is 2 to 3 hours, and the ball milling time is 2 to 3 hours.
4. The process of claim 1, wherein in step (1), the calcination is carried out under the following conditions: calcining at 1100-1200 ℃ for 10-12 hours.
5. The process according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the blank is prepared by the following steps in parts by weight: adding 45-55 parts of petalite, 20-22 parts of mica rock, 15-20 parts of ball clay, 15-20 parts of sepiolite and 3-4 parts of premixed powder as raw materials into a ball mill, and carrying out wet ball milling to obtain a blank; wherein the ball milling medium is water, the using amount of the water is 1-1.2 times of the total mass of the raw materials, and the ball milling time is 20-22 hours.
6. The process according to claim 1, wherein in step (2), the glaze is prepared by the following method in parts by weight: adding 30-35 parts of spodumene, 25-30 parts of mica rock, 20-25 parts of wollastonite, 15-20 parts of violet nodular soil, 15-20 parts of red shale, 12-15 parts of diopside and 5-6 parts of premixed powder as raw materials into a ball mill for wet ball milling to obtain a glaze; wherein the ball milling medium is water, the using amount of the water is 1-1.2 times of the total mass of the raw materials, and the ball milling time is 45-50 hours.
7. The process according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the bisque firing process conditions are as follows: bisque firing at 400-420 ℃ for 2-3 hours.
8. The process according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the specific method of ozone treatment is as follows: under the condition of 55-65 ℃, the concentration of ozone is 25-35 mg/L, the working pressure is 0.1-0.2 MPa, and the treatment time is 80-90 minutes.
9. The process according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the firing conditions are as follows: in a kiln, firstly, heating to 800-810 ℃ at a speed of 3-4 ℃/min, and burning for 3-4 hours; then heating to 1100-1120 ℃ at a speed of 1-2 ℃/min, and burning for 4-5 hours; and finally, naturally cooling the inside of the kiln to room temperature.
10. A wear-resistant and heat-resistant porcelain obtained by the process according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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