CN114537242B - 100-ton-level pure-electric-driven mining dump truck - Google Patents
100-ton-level pure-electric-driven mining dump truck Download PDFInfo
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- CN114537242B CN114537242B CN202210252410.XA CN202210252410A CN114537242B CN 114537242 B CN114537242 B CN 114537242B CN 202210252410 A CN202210252410 A CN 202210252410A CN 114537242 B CN114537242 B CN 114537242B
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- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 76
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009347 mechanical transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
- B60P1/00—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading
- B60P1/04—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading with a tipping movement of load-transporting element
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00321—Heat exchangers for air-conditioning devices
- B60H1/00342—Heat exchangers for air-conditioning devices of the liquid-liquid type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
- B60H1/00378—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for tractor or load vehicle cabins
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
- B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T5/00—Vehicle modifications to facilitate cooling of brakes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
- B62D—MOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
- B62D33/00—Superstructures for load-carrying vehicles
- B62D33/06—Drivers' cabs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Abstract
A100-ton pure electric mining dump truck comprises a frame, a walking platform, a cab arranged on the walking platform, a power system and a cooling system; the power system comprises a power battery pack, a converter cabinet, a traction motor, a steering pump, a lifting motor and a lifting pump, wherein power electricity is respectively supplied to the traction motor, the steering motor and the lifting motor through a high-voltage box and the converter cabinet; the second battery box group is arranged at the outer side of the middle part of the frame; the cab is arranged on the left side of the walking platform, the converter cabinet is arranged on the right side of the walking platform, the traction motor is arranged in the middle of the frame and at the rear of the gantry, and the steering motor, the steering pump, the lifting motor and the lifting pump are arranged on the inner side of the gantry. The high-power traction motor direct-drive system is configured, the high-torque traction motor is adopted, the energy loss caused by transmission of the gearbox is reduced, the problem that the gearbox needs to be regularly maintained is avoided, and the overall layout stress of the whole vehicle is uniform.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a dump truck, in particular to a 100-ton pure electric driving mining dump truck.
Background
A100-ton mining dump truck is an off-highway vehicle applied to an open pit mine and a large-scale construction site, and the mining dump truck basically adopts a diesel engine as a power driven vehicle to run at present. With the improvement of the energy density of the power battery and the reduction of the unit cost, the reliability of the power battery system is improved, and with the proposal of the carbon peak and carbon neutralization policy in the year 2020, the electric mining dump truck has become a trend.
At present, according to different transmission forms, there are two main types of 100 ton mining dump trucks:
the whole vehicle is driven by a diesel engine and a gearbox, and the diesel engine transmits power to wheels through the gearbox, a transmission shaft, a differential and a wheel-side reducer. Mechanical transmission mine car: the fuel oil vehicle has higher fuel consumption cost, high running cost and high maintenance cost of the engine and the gearbox.
One is electric transmission, a diesel engine drives a generator to generate electricity, alternating current is transmitted to an electric wheel through a converter, and the electric wheel converts the electric energy into driving force and transmits the driving force to wheels. Electric drive mine car: the fuel consumption cost is higher, the running cost is high, the manufacturing cost of the electric wheel is high, and the electric wheel is inconvenient to disassemble and assemble.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a 100-ton pure electric mining dump truck, a high-power traction motor direct-drive system is configured, a high-torque traction motor is adopted, so that the energy loss caused by transmission of a gearbox is reduced, the problem that the gearbox needs to be regularly maintained is avoided, meanwhile, gear shifting is not needed in the running process of the whole truck, the power output is more linear, and the setback caused by gear shifting of the gearbox is avoided; the traction motor adopts a middle-mounted frame, and has simple structure and convenient installation.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a100-ton pure electric mining dump truck comprises a frame, a walking platform, a cab arranged on the walking platform, a power system and a cooling system;
the power system comprises a power battery pack, a converter cabinet, a traction motor, a steering pump, a lifting motor and a lifting pump, wherein power electricity is respectively supplied to the traction motor, the steering motor and the lifting motor through a high-voltage box and the converter cabinet, the traction motor drives a rear wheel through a transmission shaft and a driving axle, the steering motor drives the steering pump, and the lifting motor drives the lifting pump;
the power battery pack comprises a first battery box pack and a second battery box pack, and the first battery box pack is arranged in the middle of the frame and in front of the gantry through a mechanical bracket; the second battery box group is arranged at the outer side of the middle part of the frame; the cab is arranged at the left side of the walking board, the converter cabinet is arranged at the right side of the walking board, and the left side and the right side of the walking board are respectively provided with a cat ladder; the traction motor is arranged in the middle of the frame and behind the gantry, and the steering motor, the steering pump, the lifting motor and the lifting pump are arranged on the inner side of the gantry.
The cooling system comprises a battery water cooling system, a motor air cooling system, a brake cooling system and an air conditioner heating and hydraulic oil heat management system; the battery water cooling system comprises a plurality of water cooling units, and the water cooling units cool the battery box through a circulating water pipeline; the air cooling system comprises a cooling fan arranged above the traction motor, and the cooling fan is connected with a heat dissipation air duct of the traction motor and a converter cabinet through air pipes respectively; the brake cooling system comprises a lifting motor, a lifting pump, a lifting oil tank, a sub-cooler, a distribution valve group, a vehicle-mounted computer and a temperature sensor, when the vehicle does not lift, the vehicle-mounted computer sends a command to the lifting motor, the lifting motor drives the lifting pump to operate, the lifting pump absorbs oil from the lifting oil tank and pumps the oil to the distribution valve group, the oil enters the air cooler for heat dissipation and cooling, the cooled cooling oil respectively enters the left and right rear axle wet disc brakes, the heat of the wet disc brakes is taken to the lifting oil tank, and then the next cooling cycle is carried out; the air conditioner heating and hydraulic oil heat management system comprises an indoor unit, a water heater, a radiator assembly, a hydraulic system and an oil-water heat exchanger, wherein the indoor unit, the water heater, the radiator assembly, the hydraulic system and the oil-water heat exchanger are arranged in a cab, the hydraulic system and the radiator assembly form a first circulation pipeline, the oil-water heat exchanger and the hydraulic system form a second circulation pipeline, the oil-water heat exchanger, the water heater and the indoor unit form a third circulation pipeline, hydraulic oil in the first circulation pipeline dissipates heat through the radiator assembly, and hydraulic oil in the second circulation pipeline exchanges heat with water in the third circulation pipeline through the oil-water heat exchanger.
As an improvement, the converter cabinet is an integrated converter cabinet integrating a main converter and an auxiliary converter; the walking bench is provided with a hollowed-out hole at the position of the converter cabinet, and the converter cabinet leads out the cable through the hollowed-out hole.
As an improvement, in the converter cabinet, a power battery is used as a power supply input of the converter cabinet, and the power supply is supplied to the main inverter unit and the voltage reduction module through an internal pre-charging loop; the main inverter converts the direct current into alternating current of VVF and then drives the traction motor; the voltage reducing module reduces the input voltage of 500-1000 VDC to 500-700 VDC and then outputs the voltage to three paths, one path of the voltage is output to the auxiliary inverter, and the three-phase alternating current after inversion supplies power for the steering motor and the lifting motor; one path directly supplies power to the high-voltage direct-current load; one path is converted into 24VDC through DC/DC conversion to supply power to the storage battery and the low-voltage load.
As an improvement, the first battery box group comprises a first battery cabinet body and a second battery cabinet body, wherein the first battery cabinet body and the second battery cabinet body are rigidly connected, and are connected with the frame through a shock absorber after being integrated; the second battery box group comprises a third battery cabinet body, and the third battery cabinet body is connected with the frame in a hanging mode.
As an improvement, the output end of the hydraulic system is respectively connected with the input end of the radiator assembly and the input end of the first heat exchange tube of the oil-water heat exchanger through a first three-way valve; the output end of the radiator assembly is respectively connected with the input end of the hydraulic system and the output end of the first heat exchange tube of the oil-water heat exchanger through a second three-way valve; the output end of the second heat exchange tube of the oil-water heat exchanger is connected with the input end of the water heater, the output end of the water heater is connected with the input end of the indoor unit, and the output end of the indoor unit is connected with the input end of the second heat exchange tube of the oil-water heat exchanger; an electric control water valve is arranged on a pipeline between the water heater and the indoor unit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the high-power traction motor direct-drive system is configured, and the high-torque traction motor is adopted, so that the energy loss caused by transmission of the gearbox is reduced, the problem that the gearbox needs to be regularly maintained is avoided, meanwhile, gear shifting is not needed in the whole vehicle operation process, the power output is more linear, and the setbacks caused by gear shifting of the gearbox are avoided; the traction motor adopts a frame with a centrally-mounted structure, so that the structure is simple and the installation is convenient;
2. the power battery, the walking board, the cab, the converter cabinet and the traction motor are reasonable in layout, the whole vehicle is stressed uniformly, and the empty axle-to-load ratio is close to 1:1, a step of;
3. the cab is arranged on the left side of the walking board, the converter cabinet is arranged on the right side of the walking board, and the visual field of the cab is wider;
4. because the lifting time of the vehicle is short, the wet disc brake does not generate heat during lifting, and the lifting pump does not act during running of the vehicle, the lifting pump can be used as a cooling pump when the vehicle does not lift and discharge, circulating cooling oil is provided for the wet disc brake, the configuration of a cooling system of the wet disc brake is integrally simplified, the equipment cost is reduced, the space is saved, the weight is reduced, and the energy consumption is reduced;
5. an oil-water heat exchanger is added in the air-conditioning heating system and the hydraulic oil heat management system, so that heat transfer of the hydraulic system and the air-conditioning heating system is realized, the temperature of the two systems is balanced and energy-saving, the heating power loss of the air conditioner is reduced, the heat dissipation energy consumption of the hydraulic oil is reduced, the preheating of the hydraulic oil can be realized without external heating at a place with low environmental temperature, and the safety is increased.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of a dump truck.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a dump truck without cargo tanks.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a dump truck frame.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a dump truck frame.
Fig. 5 is a block diagram of a dump truck power system.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an air cooling system of the dump truck.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a dump truck brake cooling system.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an air conditioning heating and hydraulic oil thermal management system of the dump truck.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a main circuit of the dump truck.
Description of the embodiments
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the 100-ton pure electric mining dump truck comprises a frame 1, a walking board 2, a cab 3 arranged on the walking board 2, a power system and a cooling system.
As shown in fig. 2 to 5, the power system includes a power battery, a high-voltage tank, a converter cabinet 7, an ac load, a DC load, and a DC24V load, and the power electricity supplies the ac load, the DC load, and the DC24V load through the high-voltage tank and the converter cabinet 7. The alternating current load comprises a traction motor 4, a steering motor and a lifting motor, wherein the traction motor 4 drives rear wheels through a transmission shaft and a drive axle, the steering motor drives a steering pump, and the lifting motor drives a lifting pump. The direct current load comprises a PTC heater, an air conditioner compressor and a battery water cooling unit, wherein the battery water cooling unit comprises four paths corresponding to four groups of battery packs respectively. The DC24V load includes a cooling fan. The converter cabinet 7 is an integrated converter cabinet 7 integrating a main converter and an auxiliary converter, a hollowed hole is formed in the position of the converter cabinet 7 on the walking platform 2, the converter cabinet 7 leads out a cable through the hollowed hole, and a power battery is used as a power supply input of the converter cabinet 7 in the converter cabinet 7 and supplies power to the main inverter unit and the voltage reduction module through an internal pre-charging loop; the main inverter converts the direct current into alternating current of VVF and then drives the traction motor 4; the voltage reducing module reduces the input voltage of 500-1000 VDC to 500-700 VDC and then outputs the voltage to three paths, one path of the voltage is output to the auxiliary inverter, and the three-phase alternating current after inversion supplies power for the steering motor and the lifting motor; one path directly supplies power to the high-voltage direct-current load; one path is converted into 24VDC through DC/DC conversion to supply power to the storage battery and the low-voltage load. The pure electric modification of the whole vehicle transmission system adopts a centralized driving mode, is similar to the driving structure arrangement mode of the traditional internal combustion engine automobile, replaces the original vehicle diesel engine and gearbox system by a traction motor 4+ converter, and replaces the original vehicle fuel system by a power battery system. The traction motor 4 outputs torque through mechanical transmission devices such as a transmission shaft and a speed reducer, and the torque is transmitted to left and right wheels to drive the vehicle to run. Meanwhile, the steering pump, the lifting pump and the air conditioner compressor which are powered by the diesel engine of the original vehicle are all powered by different motors, and the motors are powered and controlled by the converter. The power battery is a power source of the whole alternating current transmission system, supplies power to the converter under the traction working condition, converts the electric energy, distributes the electric energy to the traction motor 4, the auxiliary machine system and the 24V control electric system, and can supplement energy through a ground charging station when the electric quantity of the power battery is insufficient; under the braking working condition, the braking energy of the traction motor 4 is fed back to the power battery through the main inverter to charge the power battery.
As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the power battery pack includes a first battery box pack 5 and a second battery box pack 6, the first battery box pack 5 is installed in the middle of the frame 1 and in front of the gantry through a mechanical bracket; the second battery box group 6 is arranged at the outer side of the middle part of the frame 1; the cab 3 is arranged on the left side of the walking board 2, the converter cabinet 7 is arranged on the right side of the walking board 2, and the left side and the right side of the walking board 2 are respectively provided with a cat ladder 8; the traction motor 4 is arranged in the middle of the frame 1 and behind the gantry 10, and the steering motor, the steering pump, the lifting motor and the lifting pump are arranged on the inner side of the gantry 10. The power battery, the walking board 2, the cab 3, the converter cabinet 7 and the traction motor 4 are reasonably distributed, the whole vehicle is uniformly stressed, and the empty axle-to-load ratio is close to 1:1. the first battery box group 5 comprises a first battery cabinet body 51 and a second battery cabinet body 52, the first battery cabinet body 51 and the second battery cabinet body 52 are rigidly connected, and are connected with the frame 1 through a shock absorber after being integrated; the second battery box group 6 comprises a third battery cabinet body 61, and the third battery cabinet body 61 is connected with the frame 1 in a hanging mode.
The cooling system comprises a battery water cooling system, a motor air cooling system, a brake cooling system and an air conditioner heating and hydraulic oil thermal management system.
The battery water cooling system comprises a plurality of water cooling units, and the water cooling units cool the battery box through a circulating water pipeline.
As shown in fig. 6, the air cooling system comprises a cooling fan 12 arranged above the traction motor 4, and the cooling fan 12 is connected with a heat dissipation air channel of the traction motor 4 and the converter cabinet 7 through air pipes 11 respectively. The top of the front face of the converter cabinet 7 is provided with an air inlet, cooling air enters from the air inlet, and is discharged from the air outlet after passing through the converter cabinet, the air pipe 11, the cooling fan 12 and the traction motor 4, so that heat of the converter cabinet and the traction motor is taken away.
As shown in fig. 7, the brake cooling system includes a lifting motor, a lifting pump, a lifting oil tank, a sub-cooler, a distribution valve group, a vehicle computer, and a temperature sensor. When the vehicle does not lift, the vehicle-mounted computer sends out a command to the lifting motor, the lifting motor drives the lifting pump to operate, the lifting pump sucks oil from the lifting oil tank and pumps the oil to the distribution valve group, the oil enters the air cooler for cooling, the cooled cooling oil respectively enters the left and right rear axle wet disc brakes, the heat of the wet disc brakes is carried away to the lifting oil tank, and then the next cooling cycle is carried out. The temperature sensor is arranged on a pipeline of the cooling oil return lifting oil tank and used for detecting the temperature of the circulating cooling oil in real time, transmitting detected data to the vehicle-mounted computer, and controlling the lifting motor and the air cooler in real time by the vehicle-mounted computer so as to realize the real-time control of the temperature rise of the cooling system of the wet disc brake on line. When the vehicle does not lift, the lifting pump plays a role of a cooling pump and provides circulating cooling oil for the wet disc brake of the vehicle. The temperature of the circulating cooling oil is monitored in real time through a temperature sensor, and the high-low switching operation of the lifting pump driving motor and the starting and stopping operation state of the cooling fan are controlled according to the temperature of the cooling oil. When the oil temperature is greater than or equal to 80 ℃, the vehicle-mounted computer sends out a command, the air cooler is started to radiate heat for circulating cooling oil, meanwhile, the lifting motor drives the lifting pump to operate at a high rotating speed of 2000r/min, and the lifting pump provides large-flow cooling oil for the wet disc brake so as to take away more heat in unit time and increase cooling power. When the oil temperature is less than or equal to 60 ℃, the vehicle-mounted computer gives out a command, the air cooler stops radiating, and meanwhile, the lifting motor drives the lifting pump to operate at a low rotating speed of 750r/min, the lifting pump only provides small flow cooling oil for the wet disc brake and maintains the lubrication effect of the wet disc brake, the cooling power is reduced, and the pressure loss of a corresponding cooling oil pipeline is also reduced due to the reduction of the flow of the cooling oil, so that the driving power of the lifting motor is further reduced, and the energy consumption is reduced.
As shown in fig. 8, the air conditioning heating and hydraulic oil heat management system includes an indoor unit 17 installed in the cab 3, a water heater 16, a radiator assembly 14, a hydraulic system 13, and an oil-water heat exchanger 15. The water heater 16, the radiator assembly 14 and the oil-water heat exchanger 15 are all installed on the dump truck, the heat exchange medium of the indoor unit 17 is water, the water heater 16 comprises an expansion water tank and a water pump, circulation conveying of medium water is achieved through the water pump, the oil-water heat exchanger 15 comprises a first heat exchange tube and a second heat exchange tube, the first heat exchange tube can exchange heat with the second heat exchange tube, and the radiator assembly 14 comprises an elbow and a radiator fan. The hydraulic system 13 and the radiator assembly 14 form a first circulation pipeline, the oil-water heat exchanger 15 and the hydraulic system 13 form a second circulation pipeline, the oil-water heat exchanger 15, the water heater 16 and the indoor unit 17 form a third circulation pipeline, hydraulic oil in the first circulation pipeline dissipates heat through the radiator assembly 14, and hydraulic oil in the second circulation pipeline exchanges heat with water in the third circulation pipeline through the oil-water heat exchanger 15. The output end of the hydraulic system 13 is respectively connected with the input end of the radiator assembly 14 and the input end of the first heat exchange tube of the oil-water heat exchanger 15 through a first three-way valve; the output end of the radiator assembly 14 is respectively connected with the input end of the hydraulic system 13 and the output end of the first heat exchange tube of the oil-water heat exchanger 15 through a second three-way valve; the output end of the second heat exchange tube of the oil-water heat exchanger 15 is connected with the input end of the water heater 16, the output end of the water heater 16 is connected with the input end of the indoor unit 17, and the output end of the indoor unit 17 is connected with the input end of the second heat exchange tube of the oil-water heat exchanger 15. An electric control water valve is arranged on a pipeline between the water heater 16 and the indoor unit 17. Control strategy: when the ambient temperature is more than or equal to 20 ℃, the air conditioner does not heat, and the radiator assembly 14 works to cool the hydraulic oil; when the ambient temperature is less than 20 ℃ and the hydraulic oil temperature T is more than 90 ℃, the air conditioner heating and radiator assembly 14 works simultaneously; when the ambient temperature is less than 20 ℃, the hydraulic oil temperature T (the temperature is more than or equal to 60 ℃ and less than or equal to 90 ℃) is lower than or equal to the temperature of the hydraulic oil, the air conditioner heats, and the radiator assembly 14 does not work; when the ambient temperature is less than 20 ℃ and the hydraulic oil temperature T (T is less than 60 ℃), the air conditioner heats, the water heater 16 can be started for auxiliary heating due to poor air conditioner heating effect, and the radiator assembly 14 does not work; the ambient temperature is very low and the water heater 16 is operated at full power to heat the hydraulic oil and to heat the air conditioner.
As shown in fig. 9, the high-voltage platform driving and charging integrated main circuit of the pure electric mining dumper comprises a vehicle-mounted traction system circuit and a ground distribution box circuit.
The vehicle-mounted traction system circuit comprises a traction motor M1, a traction motor M2, an inversion/rectification module G1 corresponding to the traction motor M1, an inversion/rectification module G2 corresponding to the traction motor M2, a normally closed three-phase alternating-current contactor KM1, a normally closed three-phase alternating-current contactor KM2, a normally open three-phase alternating-current contactor KM3, a normally open three-phase alternating-current contactor KM4, a power battery, a control connector X1, a control connector X3, a high-voltage three-phase alternating-current charging connector X2 for charging the inversion/rectification module G1 and a high-voltage three-phase alternating-current charging connector X4 for charging the inversion/rectification module G2. A first three-phase power supply circuit is arranged between the inversion/rectification module G1 and the traction motor M1, a first three-phase charging circuit is arranged between the high-voltage three-phase alternating current charging connector X2 and the inversion/rectification module G1, a second three-phase power supply circuit is arranged between the inversion/rectification module G2 and the traction motor M2, a second three-phase charging circuit is arranged between the high-voltage three-phase alternating current charging connector X4 and the inversion/rectification module G2, and the inversion/rectification module G1 and the inversion/rectification module G2 are connected with a power battery through a charging and discharging circuit. The first three-phase power supply line is provided with a three-phase normally closed contact KM1, the second three-phase power supply line is provided with a three-phase normally closed contact KM2, the first three-phase charging line is provided with a three-phase normally open contact KM3, and the second three-phase charging line is provided with a three-phase normally open contact KM4. The wiring between the No. 2 tie point and the No. 3 tie point of control connector X1 is equipped with three-phase normally open contact KM1 and three-phase alternating current contactor KM3 coil, the wiring between the No. 4 tie point and the No. 5 tie point of control connector X1 is equipped with three-phase alternating current contactor KM1 coil, the wiring between the No. 2 tie point and the No. 3 tie point of control connector X3 is equipped with three-phase normally open contact KM2 and three-phase alternating current contactor KM4 coil, the wiring between the No. 4 tie point and the No. 5 tie point of control connector X3 is equipped with three-phase alternating current contactor KM2 coil. The charging and discharging circuit is connected with the positive electrode end of the power battery through switches K1 and K2 which are mutually connected in parallel; and the charge and discharge circuit is connected with a switch K3 at the negative electrode end of the power battery. An L1 phase of the traction motor M1 is connected with an alternating current sensor P1, an L3 phase of the traction motor M1 is connected with an alternating current sensor P5, and an alternating voltage sensor P3 is connected between an L1 phase and an L2 phase of the first three-phase power supply line; the L1 phase of the traction motor M2 is connected with an alternating current sensor P2, the L3 phase of the traction motor M2 is connected with an alternating current sensor P6, and an alternating voltage sensor P4 is connected between the L1 phase and the L2 phase of the second three-phase power supply line.
The ground distribution box circuit comprises a single-phase alternating-current transformer T1, a single-phase alternating-current transformer T2, a single-phase alternating-current transformer T3, a single-phase alternating-current transformer T4, a three-phase alternating-current transformer R2, a three-phase alternating-current transformer R3 and a controller. When the power battery is charged: the single-phase alternating-current transformer T1 is communicated with a No. 2 connection point of the control connector X1 through a normally open contact KA1, a No. 3 connection point of the control connector X1 is grounded, the single-phase alternating-current transformer T2 is communicated with a No. 4 connection point of the control connector X1 through a normally open contact KA2, and a No. 5 connection point of the control connector X1 is grounded; the single-phase alternating-current transformer T3 is communicated with a connection point No. 2 of the control connector X3 through a normally open contact KB1, a connection point No. 3 of the control connector X3 is grounded, the single-phase alternating-current transformer T4 is communicated with a connection point No. 4 of the control connector X3 through a normally open contact KB2, and a connection point No. 5 of the control connector X3 is grounded; and the point 1 of the control connector X1 and the point 1 of the control connector X3 simultaneously send confirmation signals to the controller, the controller controls the contactor coils corresponding to the normally open contacts KA2 and KB2 to be powered on, and after the normally open contacts KA2 and KB2 are closed, the contactor coils corresponding to the normally open contacts KA1 and KB1 are powered on.
Main circuit control logic:
when the vehicle is in a running state, the three-phase alternating current contactors KM1, KM2, KM3 and KM4 do not act, and at the moment, the traction motors M1 and M2 work normally and can be used as the traction motor 4 or a generator.
When the vehicle is in a charging state, the three-phase alternating current contactors KM1, KM2, KM3 and KM4 are powered on, at the moment, the motor end is in a disconnected state, the ground charging box transmits 1140-1375V three-phase alternating current which is subjected to transformer depressurization to the vehicle alternating current bus, and the three-phase alternating current is rectified into 1550-1800V direct current through the converter to charge the power battery system, wherein the detailed working logic is as follows:
1) Docking the control connectors X1, X2, X3 and X4 with the vehicle-mounted socket, and then pressing a charging button;
2) After the self-checking of the current transformer and the power battery system is completed, a charging confirmation signal is sent through a No. 1 connection point of the control connectors X1 and X3, after the ground distribution box receives the charging confirmation signal, the controller controls contactor coils corresponding to the normally open contacts KA2 and KB2 to be powered on, after the normally open contacts KA2 and KB2 are closed, contactor coils corresponding to the normally open contacts KA1 and KB1 are powered on, the three-phase alternating current contacts KM1 and KM2 are powered on, the three-phase normally closed contacts KM1 and KM2 are disconnected to cut off the input of the traction motor 4, meanwhile, the auxiliary normally open contacts are closed, the three-phase alternating current contacts KM3 and KM4 are powered on, the three-phase alternating current contacts KM1 and KM2 are closed, so that the ground charging box conveys 1140V-1375V three-phase alternating current after the voltage of the transformer is reduced to a vehicle alternating current bus to be rectified into 1550V-1800V direct current by the current to charge the power battery system.
To prevent the ac power from being applied to the winding terminals of the traction motor 4 during the ac charging process, the traction motor 4 is operated to cause the vehicle to run away, and the circuit is provided with logic protection:
1) The electrical interlocking protection is arranged between the contactors corresponding to the normally open contacts KA1 and KA2 and between the contactors corresponding to the normally open contacts KB1 and KB 2;
2) An electrical interlocking protection is arranged between the three-phase alternating-current contactors KM1 and KM3 and between the three-phase alternating-current contactors KM2 and KM 4;
3) The current transformer detects the actual current value through a current sensor arranged at the end of the traction motor 4, if current exists in the charging process, the charging is stopped immediately, and the three-phase alternating current contacts of the three-phase alternating current contactors KM2 and KM4 are disconnected.
The main circuit has the following advantages:
1. the 1800V high-voltage platform is realized on the pure electric mining dump truck for the first time by changing the main circuit structure, compared with the existing 800V voltage platform, the electric loss can be effectively reduced (by more than 50 percent), the charging efficiency is improved (the charging time is shortened by 42 percent), the power cable material is reduced by 50 percent, and the price of the power module is reduced by not less than 20 percent;
2. the bidirectional working characteristic of the vehicle-mounted converter is effectively utilized, the investment of components of ground charging equipment is reduced, and the cost performance of products is greatly improved;
3. the high-power high-voltage alternating-current charging is used on the pure electric mining dump truck product for the first time, so that the high-voltage box of the power supply system can be integrated into the vehicle-mounted converter, the product integration level is improved, and the power cable length is effectively reduced.
Claims (4)
1. A100-ton pure electric mining dump truck comprises a frame, a walking platform, a cab arranged on the walking platform, a power system and a cooling system; the method is characterized in that:
the power system comprises a power battery pack, a converter cabinet, a traction motor, a steering pump, a lifting motor and a lifting pump, wherein power electricity is respectively supplied to the traction motor, the steering motor and the lifting motor through a high-voltage box and the converter cabinet, the traction motor drives a rear wheel through a transmission shaft and a driving axle, the steering motor drives the steering pump, and the lifting motor drives the lifting pump;
the power battery pack comprises a first battery box pack and a second battery box pack, and the first battery box pack is arranged in the middle of the frame and in front of the gantry through a mechanical bracket; the second battery box group is arranged at the outer side of the middle part of the frame; the cab is arranged at the left side of the walking board, the converter cabinet is arranged at the right side of the walking board, and the left side and the right side of the walking board are respectively provided with a cat ladder; the traction motor is arranged in the middle of the frame and behind the gantry, and the steering motor, the steering pump, the lifting motor and the lifting pump are arranged on the inner side of the gantry;
the cooling system comprises a battery water cooling system, a motor air cooling system, a brake cooling system and an air conditioner heating and hydraulic oil heat management system; the battery water cooling system comprises a plurality of water cooling units, and the water cooling units cool the battery box through a circulating water pipeline; the air cooling system comprises a cooling fan arranged above the traction motor, and the cooling fan is connected with a heat dissipation air duct of the traction motor and a converter cabinet through air pipes respectively; the brake cooling system comprises a lifting motor, a lifting pump, a lifting oil tank, a sub-cooler, a distribution valve group, a vehicle-mounted computer and a temperature sensor, when the vehicle does not lift, the vehicle-mounted computer sends a command to the lifting motor, the lifting motor drives the lifting pump to operate, the lifting pump absorbs oil from the lifting oil tank and pumps the oil to the distribution valve group, the oil enters the air cooler for heat dissipation and cooling, the cooled cooling oil respectively enters the left and right rear axle wet disc brakes, the heat of the wet disc brakes is taken to the lifting oil tank, and then the next cooling cycle is carried out; the air conditioner heating and hydraulic oil heat management system comprises an indoor unit, a water heater, a radiator assembly, a hydraulic system and an oil-water heat exchanger which are arranged in a cab, wherein the hydraulic system and the radiator assembly form a first circulation pipeline, the oil-water heat exchanger and the hydraulic system form a second circulation pipeline, the oil-water heat exchanger, the water heater and the indoor unit form a third circulation pipeline, hydraulic oil in the first circulation pipeline dissipates heat through the radiator assembly, and hydraulic oil in the second circulation pipeline exchanges heat with water in the third circulation pipeline through the oil-water heat exchanger;
the output end of the hydraulic system is respectively connected with the input end of the radiator assembly and the input end of the first heat exchange tube of the oil-water heat exchanger through a first three-way valve; the output end of the radiator assembly is respectively connected with the input end of the hydraulic system and the output end of the first heat exchange tube of the oil-water heat exchanger through a second three-way valve; the output end of the second heat exchange tube of the oil-water heat exchanger is connected with the input end of the water heater, the output end of the water heater is connected with the input end of the indoor unit, and the output end of the indoor unit is connected with the input end of the second heat exchange tube of the oil-water heat exchanger; an electric control water valve is arranged on a pipeline between the water heater and the indoor unit.
2. The 100-ton, purely electric mining dump truck according to claim 1, wherein: the converter cabinet is an integrated converter cabinet integrating a main converter and an auxiliary converter; the walking bench is provided with a hollowed-out hole at the position of the converter cabinet, and the converter cabinet leads out the cable through the hollowed-out hole.
3. The 100-ton, purely electric mining dump truck according to claim 2, wherein: in the converter cabinet, a power battery is used as a power supply input of the converter cabinet, and the power supply is supplied to the main inverter unit and the voltage reduction module through an internal pre-charging loop; the main inverter converts the direct current into alternating current of VVF and then drives the traction motor; the voltage reducing module reduces the input voltage of 500-1000 VDC to 500-700 VDC and then outputs the voltage to three paths, one path of the voltage is output to the auxiliary inverter, and the three-phase alternating current after inversion supplies power for the steering motor and the lifting motor; one path directly supplies power to the high-voltage direct-current load; one path is converted into 24VDC through DC/DC conversion to supply power to the storage battery and the low-voltage load.
4. The 100-ton, purely electric mining dump truck according to claim 1, wherein: the first battery box group comprises a first battery cabinet body and a second battery cabinet body, wherein the first battery cabinet body and the second battery cabinet body are rigidly connected, and are connected with the frame through a shock absorber after being integrated; the second battery box group comprises a third battery cabinet body, and the third battery cabinet body is connected with the frame in a hanging mode.
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