CN114537090A - Fuel cell refrigerator car for liquid hydrogen - Google Patents
Fuel cell refrigerator car for liquid hydrogen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114537090A CN114537090A CN202011334009.8A CN202011334009A CN114537090A CN 114537090 A CN114537090 A CN 114537090A CN 202011334009 A CN202011334009 A CN 202011334009A CN 114537090 A CN114537090 A CN 114537090A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- liquid hydrogen
- temperature
- hydrogen
- heat exchanger
- refrigerator car
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 109
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000006200 vaporizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical group [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/32—Cooling devices
- B60H1/3202—Cooling devices using evaporation, i.e. not including a compressor, e.g. involving fuel or water evaporation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00357—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
- B60H1/00385—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
- B60H1/00392—Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell for electric vehicles having only electric drive means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
- B60P3/00—Vehicles adapted to transport, to carry or to comprise special loads or objects
- B60P3/20—Refrigerated goods vehicles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention is applied to the field of cold-chain logistics, and particularly relates to a light liquid hydrogen refrigerator car. The liquid hydrogen is discharged from the liquid hydrogen storage tank in a pressurization gasification mode, enters the heat exchanger under the control of the electromagnetic valve, releases cold in the heat exchanger, and is changed into low-temperature hydrogen from the temperature rise of the liquid hydrogen. The low-temperature hydrogen is converted into normal-temperature hydrogen through the air-temperature vaporizer and temporarily stored in the buffer tank. And opening the electromagnetic valve according to the vehicle running requirement, and supplying the fuel battery system. The refrigerating fluid provides power through the pump, absorbs cold released by the liquid hydrogen through the heat exchanger, and releases the cold to the carriage through the air-temperature heat exchanger. The invention provides a liquid hydrogen refrigerator car which is clean and environment-friendly, realizes cold energy utilization of liquid hydrogen and improves energy efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of cold-chain logistics, and particularly relates to a light refrigerator car using liquid hydrogen for refrigeration.
Background
With the increasing fossil energy crisis and environmental pollution, the automobile industry is facing a turning point for innovation, and the development of hydrogen fuel cell automobiles has become a necessary trend. In the refrigeration transportation industry, the traditional fuel oil automobile is still mainly used at present, a mechanical refrigeration mode is adopted, the efficiency is low, and the environment is polluted. With the green development of energy sources, the liquid hydrogen is gradually commercialized, and the fuel cell refrigerator car using the liquid hydrogen as fuel has wide development prospect. The liquid hydrogen is generally stored in a liquid hydrogen storage tank at the pressure of 0.1-0.3Mpa and the temperature of-253 ℃, and a large amount of latent heat and sensible heat are released in the process of converting the liquid hydrogen into normal-temperature hydrogen and entering a fuel cell stack, so that the cold energy can be applied to a refrigerator car, and the liquid hydrogen can be used for multiple purposes at one time.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides a novel liquid hydrogen fuel cell refrigerator car, which can control the temperature of a carriage, improve the utilization of liquid hydrogen cold energy while realizing fuel supply of a fuel cell, and meet the requirements of energy conservation and consumption reduction.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention is realized as follows:
the technical scheme is as follows: a liquid hydrogen refrigerator car with fuel cell is composed of hydrogen supply system, refrigerating system for carriage and temp control system.
Further, the hydrogen supply system comprises a liquid hydrogen storage tank (1), a pressurization vaporization device, a first electromagnetic valve (5), a bypass valve (6), a heat exchanger (7), an air-temperature vaporizer (8), a second electromagnetic valve (9), a buffer tank (10) and a third electromagnetic valve (11). Liquid hydrogen is discharged from the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) in a pressurization vaporization mode, and the first electromagnetic valve (5) is opened and enters the heat exchanger (7) to transfer cold energy with the refrigerant. The liquid hydrogen is changed into low-temperature hydrogen, and the low-temperature hydrogen is subjected to heat exchange with the outside air through the air-temperature vaporizer (8) and heated into normal-temperature hydrogen. And starting the second electromagnetic valve (9), storing the normal-temperature hydrogen in a buffer tank (10), controlling the opening degree of the third electromagnetic valve (11) according to the vehicle running requirement, and supplying gas to the fuel cell system (12). When the heat insulation compartment (17) reaches the target temperature, the bypass valve (6) is started, the first electromagnetic valve (5) is closed at the same time, and the cold energy transmission of the liquid hydrogen and the refrigerant is stopped.
Further, liquid hydrogen fuel cell refrigerator car, its characterized in that: the compartment refrigeration system comprises a heat exchanger (7), a pump (13) and an air-temperature type heat exchanger (14). The refrigerant absorbs cold energy released by liquid hydrogen in the heat exchanger (7), is powered by the pump (13), and releases the cold energy to the heat-insulated vehicle compartment (17) through the air-temperature heat exchanger (14).
Further, liquid hydrogen fuel cell refrigerator car, its characterized in that: the temperature control system comprises a temperature sensor (16) and a fan (15). The temperature of the heat insulation compartment (17) is displayed through the temperature sensor (16), and the opening degree of the fan (15) is adjusted according to the temperature display, so that the temperature controllability is realized.
Further, liquid hydrogen fuel cell refrigerator car, its characterized in that: the pressurization vaporization device comprises a pressurization vaporizer (2), a flow dividing valve (3) and an air return valve (4). And opening the flow dividing valve (3) to enable the liquid hydrogen to flow out of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1), changing the liquid hydrogen into hydrogen through the pressurization vaporizer (2), returning the hydrogen to the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) through the air return valve (4), increasing the pressure of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1), and realizing the discharge of the liquid hydrogen.
Further, the liquid hydrogen fuel cell refrigerator car is characterized in that the heat exchanger (7) is a shell-and-tube heat exchanger or a plate-fin heat exchanger.
Further, liquid hydrogen fuel cell refrigerator car, its characterized in that: the refrigerant is sodium chloride aqueous solution, calcium chloride aqueous solution, propylene glycol aqueous solution or propylene glycol aqueous solution.
Has the advantages that:
(1) compared with the traditional refrigerator car, the liquid hydrogen refrigerator car provided by the invention uses liquid hydrogen as fuel supply, and is clean and environment-friendly.
(2) Compared with the traditional refrigerator car, the refrigerator car saves equipment such as a compressor, an evaporator and the like, simplifies the system structure and improves the economy.
(3) The invention avoids the phenomena of frosting on the surface of the heat exchanger and heat transfer deterioration caused by overlarge temperature difference due to direct use of liquid hydrogen refrigeration by using the refrigeration capacity transmission of the refrigerant and the liquid hydrogen. Meanwhile, potential safety hazards such as hydrogen leakage and explosion in the heat insulation compartment are avoided, and the safety and the reliability of the system are improved.
(4) The invention uses liquid hydrogen as cold source and fuel, realizes dual energy utilization of liquid hydrogen cold energy and chemical energy, and improves energy utilization efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid hydrogen fuel cell refrigerator car according to the present invention.
The designations in the drawings have the following meanings:
a liquid hydrogen storage tank; 2-a pressurized vaporizer; 3-a shunt valve; 4-air return valve; 5-a first solenoid valve; 6-a bypass valve; 7-a heat exchanger; 8-air temperature type vaporizer; 9-a second solenoid valve; 10-a buffer tank; 11-a third solenoid valve; 12-a fuel cell system; 13-a pump; 14-air temperature heat exchanger; 15-a fan; 16-a temperature sensor; 17-insulated vehicle cabin.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a novel liquid hydrogen refrigerated light refrigerator car. The system comprises a hydrogen supply system, a compartment refrigeration system and a temperature control system. The hydrogen supply system comprises a liquid hydrogen storage tank (1), a pressurization vaporizer (2), a flow divider (3), an air return valve (4), a first electromagnetic valve (5), a bypass valve (6), a heat exchanger (7), an air temperature type vaporizer (8), a second electromagnetic valve (9), a buffer tank (10) and a third electromagnetic valve (11). The compartment refrigeration system comprises a heat exchanger (7), a pump (13) and an air-temperature type heat exchanger (14). The temperature control system comprises a temperature sensor (16) and a fan (15).
The hydrogen supply system and the carriage refrigerating system share the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger is cooled by liquid hydrogen and exchanges cold with the refrigerant, and the cold transfer process is liquid hydrogen → the refrigerant.
In the hydrogen supply system, the pressurizing vaporization devices are arranged on two sides of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1), when hydrogen supply is needed during vehicle running, the flow dividing valve (3) is opened to enable part of liquid hydrogen to enter the pressurizing vaporizer (2) and become hydrogen, the return valve (4) is started, and when the part of hydrogen flows back to the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1), the pressure in the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) is increased, so that the liquid hydrogen is discharged, and the hydrogen supply is completed.
Liquid hydrogen is discharged from the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) and is divided into two paths, and the first path enters the air temperature type vaporizer (8) through the first electromagnetic valve (5) and the heat exchanger (7); the second path passes through a bypass valve (6) and directly enters an air temperature type vaporizer (8). When the interior of the heat insulation compartment (17) needs refrigeration, the liquid hydrogen releases cold energy to the refrigerant through the heat exchanger (7) in the first path, and the refrigeration task is completed. When the temperature displayed by the temperature sensor (16) reaches the target temperature, the first electromagnetic valve (5) is closed, the bypass valve (6) is started to switch to the second path, and the liquid hydrogen directly enters the air-temperature vaporizer (8) and is heated to the normal-temperature hydrogen. The second electromagnetic valve (9) is opened, and the normal-temperature hydrogen gas is stored in the buffer tank (10). According to the hydrogen demand of the fuel cell system (12), the opening degree of the third electromagnetic valve (11) is controlled to complete hydrogen supply.
In the compartment refrigeration system, the refrigerant absorbs liquid hydrogen cold in the heat exchanger (7) and then transfers the cold to the ambient air in the air temperature type heat exchanger (14), and the cold transfer process is liquid hydrogen → the refrigerant → the air in the compartment. The refrigeration system is powered by a pump (13) to complete the cycle.
The temperature control system mainly comprises a fan (15) and a temperature sensor (16). The fan (15) is arranged at the front part of the roof, and the temperature sensor (16) is arranged at the rear part of the roof of the carriage. When the vehicle is started, the temperature in the compartment is far higher than the target temperature, and the first electromagnetic valve (5) and the pump (13) are started, so that the cold energy exchange between the liquid hydrogen and the refrigerant is generated. At the same time, the fan (15) is turned on to cool the air in the vehicle compartment. And when the temperature displayed by the temperature sensor (16) reaches the target temperature, closing the first electromagnetic valve (5), opening the bypass valve (6), and reducing the opening degree of the fan (15).
Claims (7)
1. A liquid hydrogen refrigerator car which characterized in that: the system comprises a hydrogen supply system, a compartment refrigeration system and a temperature control system.
2. A liquid hydrogen refrigerator car according to claim 1, wherein: the hydrogen supply system comprises a liquid hydrogen storage tank (1), a pressurization vaporization device, a first electromagnetic valve (5), a bypass valve (6), a heat exchanger (7), an air-temperature vaporizer (8), a second electromagnetic valve (9), a buffer tank (10) and a third electromagnetic valve (11). Liquid hydrogen is discharged from the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) in a pressurization vaporization mode, and the first electromagnetic valve (5) is opened and enters the heat exchanger (7) to transfer cold energy with the refrigerant. The liquid hydrogen is changed into low-temperature hydrogen, and the low-temperature hydrogen is subjected to heat exchange with the outside air through the air-temperature vaporizer (8) and heated into normal-temperature hydrogen. And starting the second electromagnetic valve (9), storing the normal-temperature hydrogen in a buffer tank (10), controlling the opening degree of the third electromagnetic valve (11) according to the vehicle running requirement, and supplying gas to the fuel cell system (12). When the heat insulation compartment (17) reaches the target temperature, the bypass valve (6) is started, the first electromagnetic valve (5) is closed at the same time, and the cold energy transmission of the liquid hydrogen and the refrigerant is stopped.
3. A liquid hydrogen refrigerator car according to claim 1, wherein: the compartment refrigeration system comprises a heat exchanger (7), a pump (13) and an air-temperature type heat exchanger (14). The refrigerant absorbs cold energy released by liquid hydrogen in the heat exchanger (7), is powered by the pump (13), and releases the cold energy to the heat-insulated vehicle compartment (17) through the air-temperature heat exchanger (14).
4. A liquid hydrogen refrigerator car according to claim 1, wherein: the temperature control system comprises a temperature sensor (16) and a fan (15). The temperature of the heat insulation compartment (17) is displayed through the temperature sensor (16), and the opening degree of the fan (15) is adjusted according to the temperature display, so that the temperature controllability is realized.
5. A liquid hydrogen refrigerator car according to claim 2, wherein: the pressurization vaporization device comprises a pressurization vaporizer (2), a flow dividing valve (3) and an air return valve (4). And opening the flow dividing valve (3) to enable the liquid hydrogen to flow out of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1), changing the liquid hydrogen into hydrogen through the pressurization vaporizer (2), returning the hydrogen to the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1) through the air return valve (4), increasing the pressure of the liquid hydrogen storage tank (1), and realizing the discharge of the liquid hydrogen.
6. A liquid hydrogen refrigerator car according to claim 2, characterized in that the heat exchanger (7) is a shell and tube heat exchanger or a plate fin heat exchanger.
7. A liquid hydrogen refrigerator car according to claim 3, wherein: the refrigerant is sodium chloride aqueous solution, calcium chloride aqueous solution, propylene glycol aqueous solution or propylene glycol aqueous solution.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011334009.8A CN114537090A (en) | 2020-11-24 | 2020-11-24 | Fuel cell refrigerator car for liquid hydrogen |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011334009.8A CN114537090A (en) | 2020-11-24 | 2020-11-24 | Fuel cell refrigerator car for liquid hydrogen |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114537090A true CN114537090A (en) | 2022-05-27 |
Family
ID=81660619
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011334009.8A Pending CN114537090A (en) | 2020-11-24 | 2020-11-24 | Fuel cell refrigerator car for liquid hydrogen |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114537090A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115195575A (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2022-10-18 | 上海发电设备成套设计研究院有限责任公司 | Liquid hydrogen energy storage type refrigerated transportation device and refrigeration method |
-
2020
- 2020-11-24 CN CN202011334009.8A patent/CN114537090A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115195575A (en) * | 2022-07-20 | 2022-10-18 | 上海发电设备成套设计研究院有限责任公司 | Liquid hydrogen energy storage type refrigerated transportation device and refrigeration method |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN113022417A (en) | Liquid hydrogen refrigerator car | |
| CN100434292C (en) | Car air conditioner making use of quantity of cold of liquefied natural gas | |
| CN112009349A (en) | Liquid hydrogen refrigerating system for fuel cell cold-chain logistics vehicle | |
| CN102787943A (en) | Engine waste heat recycling system utilizing organic working medium as cooling liquid | |
| WO2023134179A1 (en) | Extended-range electric vehicle and control method thereof | |
| CN114537090A (en) | Fuel cell refrigerator car for liquid hydrogen | |
| CN102689580A (en) | Refrigeration air conditioning system for liquefied natural gas (LNG) vehicle | |
| CN206186730U (en) | Two energy storage air conditioner of electric automobile energy memory of heat -pump type | |
| KR101843745B1 (en) | Cooling and heating system for bus vehicle | |
| CN109823140B (en) | Automobile air conditioner refrigerating system and method based on liquid hydrogen fuel cell | |
| CN109774411B (en) | Electric automobile air conditioner refrigeration system and method based on high-pressure hydrogen pressure relief | |
| CN114801659B (en) | Heat management system of self-enthalpy-increasing heat pump mode and modularized pure electric vehicle | |
| CN215321893U (en) | Ice storage parking air conditioning system with double evaporators | |
| CN113561732B (en) | Whole vehicle thermal management system with pressure maintaining function and control method thereof | |
| CN203806445U (en) | Ice plate freezer | |
| CN206049468U (en) | A kind of automobile and its temperature control system and its cold storage plant | |
| CN113715578B (en) | Heat accumulating absorption type parking air conditioner and control method thereof | |
| CN212827783U (en) | Heat storage absorption type parking air conditioner | |
| CN204149816U (en) | A kind of Novel vehicle refrigerating unit | |
| CN215321877U (en) | Logistics vehicle integrating cockpit refrigeration and refrigeration compartment refrigeration | |
| CN215342714U (en) | Power battery with temperature control function | |
| CN217532681U (en) | Double-temperature transport refrigerator car of hybrid power refrigerating system | |
| CN217374078U (en) | Integrated thermal management system | |
| CN114654962B (en) | Electric automobile thermal management system, thermal management method and electric automobile | |
| CN113978203B (en) | Vehicle heat pump air conditioning system integrating battery thermal management function |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20220527 |
|
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |