CN114536598B

CN114536598B - Method for recycling and processing scraped car plastic

Info

Publication number: CN114536598B
Application number: CN202210207558.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李健明; 曾锡辉; 高标迎
Original assignee: Foshan Nanhai Ruitai Motor Vehicle Scrap Co ltd
Current assignee: Foshan Nanhai Ruitai Motor Vehicle Scrap Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-03-04
Filing date: 2022-03-04
Publication date: 2022-10-04
Anticipated expiration: 2042-03-04
Also published as: CN114536598A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of scraped car plastic recovery, in particular to a method for recovering and processing scraped car plastic, which comprises the following steps: the automatic plastic particle crushing device has the advantages that the control unit monitors the crushing amount of the scraped car plastic in real time, automatically changes the working state of the crushing unit according to the calculation result of monitoring data, and automatically assigns the working parameters of the crushing unit, so that the crushed scraped car plastic with different characteristics is crushed according to different conditions, various motors and rollers are used for specifically crushing the scraped car plastic, and the state characteristics of the plastic particles are intelligently acquired after the crushing is completed, so that the particle size of the crushed plastic particles is more uniform, and the automatic plastic particle crushing device provides powerful guarantee for the subsequent reutilization of the plastic particles.

Description

Method for recycling and processing scraped car plastic

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of scraped car plastic recovery, in particular to a method for recovering and processing scraped car plastic.

Background

The problems of environmental protection treatment and recycling of waste automobile materials are increasingly concerned by the automobile industry, and recycling of automobile plastics is undoubtedly an important development direction. Through the development of years, various countries have developed different laws and policies to promote the progress of component remanufacturing and material recycling technology. The novel concept suitable for the development of the era such as green automobile manufacturing is provided, the research on the recycling of automobile materials and the remanufacturing technology of parts and components, the realization of energy conservation, environmental protection and the like are the problems which are urgently needed to be solved by the automobile industry in the world, and the sustainable development problem will test the automobile industry in China.

Chinese utility model patent publication No. CN214293956U discloses an automobile synthetic plastic recovery device, which comprises a base, wherein a conveying cylinder is arranged at the middle position of a U-shaped plate body, a fixed disc is arranged at the left end of the conveying cylinder, a funnel is arranged above the conveying cylinder, an output shaft of a motor is coaxially connected with a rotating shaft, auger leaves are sleeved on the rotating shaft, a driving turntable is sleeved at the left end of the rotating shaft, a crushing box is arranged above the funnel, rotating shafts are symmetrically arranged in the crushing box, crushing teeth are sleeved on the rotating shafts, one end of each rotating shaft passes through the crushing box, gears are sleeved at the worn end of each rotating shaft, and a driven turntable is sleeved at the end of one rotating shaft;

therefore, the automobile synthetic plastic recycling device has the following problems: the scrapped automobile plastic with different characteristics cannot be crushed according to the condition, the state characteristics of plastic particles cannot be intelligently acquired after the plastic particles are crushed, the follow-up difficulty in recycling the plastic particles is increased, the scrapped automobile plastic cannot be specifically crushed by using a single motor and a single roller, the particle size variance of the crushed plastic particles is easily caused to be too large, and the subsequent recycling of the plastic particles is not facilitated.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the invention provides a method for recycling and processing waste automobile plastics, which is used for solving the problem that the particle size variance of crushed plastic particles is too large because waste automobile plastics with different characteristics cannot be crushed according to different conditions in the prior art.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a method for recycling and processing scraped car plastic, which comprises the following steps:

step s1, a raw material feeding process is carried out, namely, the cleaned scraped car plastic is fed into a grinder through a feeding hole so that the scraped car plastic is positioned above and between an initial grinding left roller and an initial grinding right roller;

step s2, in the preliminary crushing process, the central control unit controls a first motor to be turned on, the first motor drives an initial crushing left roller and an initial crushing right roller to rotate so as to crush scraped car plastics, and the scraped car plastics fall into a return box after being crushed;

step s3, in the preliminary detection and debugging process, the detection unit detects the scraped car plastic crushed in the loopback box, and the central control unit judges whether the corresponding working parameters of the first motor, the initial crushing left roller and the initial crushing right roller are adjusted to corresponding values according to the detection result;

step s4, in the process of returning the raw materials, the central control unit controls the first push rod, the second push rod and the third push rod to be matched with each other so that the scraped car plastic is in the initial crushing box, and the step s2 is repeated;

step s5, in the shunting process, the central control unit controls the first baffle to be opened so that the scraped car plastic falls into the shunting box, the detection unit detects the scraped car plastic in the shunting box, and the central control unit controls the scraped car plastic to fall into the first crushing box or the second crushing box according to the detection result;

step s6, a first crushing process and a second crushing process, wherein when the scraped car plastic falls into the first crushing box, the central control unit controls the first left crushing roller and the first right crushing roller to start so as to crush the scraped car plastic; when the scraped car plastic falls into the second crushing box, the central control unit controls the second crushing left roller and the second crushing right roller to start so as to crush the scraped car plastic.

Further, when the scrapped automobile plastic is initially crushed, the central control unit controls the first particle size sensor to detect the average particle size R2 of the crushed scrapped automobile plastic and calculate the difference Delta Ra between the average particle size R2 and the average radius R1 of the scrapped automobile plastic before crushing, compares the Delta Ra with the Delta R1, the Delta R2 and the Delta R3 respectively, and sets Delta Ra = R1-R2, and the central control unit is provided with a first preset particle size difference Delta R1, a second preset particle size difference Delta R2, a third preset particle size difference Delta R3, a first preset motor rotating speed adjusting coefficient alpha 1, a second preset motor rotating speed adjusting coefficient alpha 2 and a unit interval adjusting coefficient delta d, wherein the Delta R1 is less than R2 and less than R3, and the Delta 1 is less than alpha 1 and less than alpha 2 and less than 1.5,

if the Delta Ra is less than the Delta R1, the central control unit judges that the crushing amount of the primary crushing does not meet the standard, the central control unit reduces the distance D between the initial crushing left roller and the initial crushing right roller by using Delta D and adjusts the rotating speed V of the first motor by using alpha 1;

if delta Ra is more than or equal to delta R1 and less than delta R2, the central control unit judges that the crushing amount of the primary crushing does not meet the standard, the central control unit increases the distance D between the initial crushing left roller and the initial crushing right roller by delta D and adjusts the rotating speed V of the first motor by alpha 2;

if delta Ra is more than or equal to delta R2 and less than delta R3, the central control unit judges that the crushing amount of the primary crushing does not meet the standard, the central control unit increases the distance D between the left roller and the right roller of the primary crushing by using 2 x delta D and adjusts the rotating speed V of the first motor by using alpha 2;

if the delta Ra is larger than or equal to the delta R3, the central control unit judges that the primary crushing amount meets the standard, and the working parameters of corresponding parts in the primary crushing process do not need to be adjusted.

Further, when the central control unit completes the adjustment of the working parameters of the corresponding parts in the initial crushing process, the central control unit controls the first push rod to push the scraped car plastic so that the scraped car plastic enters the lifting box, the central control unit starts the conveyor belt to drive the second push rod to lift to the highest position so that the scraped car plastic is located above the initial crushing box, and the central control unit controls the third push rod to push the lifted scraped car plastic so that the scraped car plastic enters the upper part of the initial crushing left roller and the upper part of the initial crushing right roller and is located between the initial crushing left roller and the initial crushing right roller, and the step s2 is repeated.

Further, when returning the raw material and repeating the preliminary grinding process, the central control unit controls the first particle size sensor to detect the average particle size R3 of the waste automobile plastic after grinding again and calculates the difference DeltaRb with the average particle size R2 of the waste automobile plastic before returning and grinding, sets DeltaRb = R2-R3, compares the DeltaRb with DeltaR 1 and DeltaR 2 respectively,

if the Delta Rb is less than the Delta R1, the central control unit judges that the returned crushed quantity does not meet the standard yet and preliminarily judges that the reason why the crushed quantity does not meet the standard is that the toughness of the scraped automobile plastic does not meet the standard, and the central control unit controls a toughness sensor to detect the toughness of the scraped automobile plastic and further crushes the scraped automobile plastic according to the detection result;

if the Delta R1 is more than or equal to the Delta Rb and less than the Delta R2, the central control unit judges that the crushing amount of the returned crushed material still does not meet the standard and preliminarily judges that the reason why the crushed material does not meet the standard is that the hardness of the scraped car plastic does not meet the standard, and the central control unit controls a hardness sensor to detect the hardness of the scraped car plastic and further crush the scraped car plastic according to the detection result in different cases;

if the Delta Rb is more than or equal to the Delta R2, the central control unit judges that the crushing amount of the primary crushing meets the standard after the returning crushing;

when the central control unit judges that the primary crushing amount meets the standard or judges that the primary crushing amount meets the standard after being subjected to loopback crushing, the central control unit judges that a first crushing process and a second crushing process are carried out simultaneously, and controls the second baffle and the third baffle to be opened so as to enable the scraped car plastics to fall into the first crushing box and the second crushing box respectively and crush the scraped car plastics in the first crushing box and the second crushing box respectively.

Further, when the central control unit preliminarily judges that the hardness of the plastic of the scraped car does not meet the standard, the central control unit controls the hardness sensor to detect the hardness H of the plastic of the scraped car and compares the hardness H with H1 and H2 respectively, a first preset hardness value H1, a second preset hardness value H2 and a maximum cutting angle beta max are arranged in the central control unit, wherein H1 is less than H2, the hardness sensor is arranged in the detection unit and is used for detecting the hardness of the plastic of the scraped car,

if H is less than or equal to H1, the central control unit judges that the hardness of the scraped car plastic meets the cutting standard, and the central control unit judges that a first crushing process and a second crushing process are simultaneously carried out;

if H1 is larger than H and smaller than or equal to H2, the central control unit judges that the hardness of the scraped car plastic meets the standard and the cutting angle of the roller needs to be adjusted, and the central control unit adjusts the cutting angle of the first left crushing roller and the first right crushing roller according to the difference value between the actual hardness value H and a first preset hardness value H1;

if H is larger than H2, the central control unit judges that the hardness of the scraped car plastic does not meet the standard and judges that the reason why the hardness of the scraped car plastic does not meet the standard is that the hardness of the scraped car plastic is too high, the central control unit judges that a second crushing process is carried out, and the central control unit changes the cutting angle of the second left crushing roller and the cutting angle of the second right crushing roller into a maximum cutting angle beta max and controls the opening of the cooling machine.

Further, when the central control unit determines that the cutting angle of the drum needs to be adjusted, the central control unit calculates a difference value delta H between the actual hardness value H and a first preset hardness value H1 and compares the delta H with delta H1 and delta H2 respectively to set delta H = H-H1, the central control unit is provided with a first preset hardness difference value delta H1, a second preset hardness difference value delta H2, a first preset cutting angle beta 1, a second preset cutting angle beta 2 and a third preset cutting angle beta 3, wherein the delta H1 is less than the delta H2, and the beta 1 is less than the beta 2 and less than the beta 3,

if delta H is less than delta H1, the central control unit changes the cutting angles of the second crushing left roller and the second crushing right roller to beta 1 and judges that the second crushing process is carried out;

if the delta H is more than or equal to delta H1 and less than delta H2, the central control unit changes the cutting angles of the second crushing left roller and the second crushing right roller to beta 2 and judges that a second crushing process is carried out;

if the delta H is more than or equal to the delta H2, the central control unit changes the cutting angles of the second crushing left roller and the second crushing right roller to beta 3 and judges that the second crushing process is carried out.

Further, when the central control unit preliminarily judges that the toughness of the scraped car plastic does not meet the standard, the central control unit controls the toughness sensor to detect the toughness S of the scraped car plastic and compares the S with S0; the central control unit is internally provided with a preset toughness value S0, the detection unit is internally provided with a toughness sensor which is arranged inside the flow distribution box and used for detecting the toughness of the scraped car plastic,

if S is less than or equal to S0, the central control unit judges that the toughness of the scraped car plastic meets the cutting standard and does not need to adjust the cutting angle of the roller, and the central control unit judges that a first crushing process and a second crushing process are carried out simultaneously;

if S is larger than S0, the central control unit judges that the hardness of the scraped car plastic does not meet the standard and judges that the reason why the hardness of the scraped car plastic does not meet the standard is that the hardness of the scraped car plastic is too high, and the central control unit judges that a first crushing process is carried out and controls the cooling machine to be opened.

Further, when the scraped car plastic is put into the crusher through the feeding hole, the central control unit controls the visual sensor to detect the initial size of the scraped car plastic, calculates the average radius R1 of the scraped car plastic, and compares the R1 with R1 and R2 respectively; the central control unit is internally provided with a first preset average radius r1, a second preset average radius r2, a first preset interval adjusting coefficient d0, a second preset interval adjusting coefficient d1 and a third preset interval adjusting coefficient d2, wherein r1 is more than r2, d0 is more than d1 and less than d2, the detection unit is internally provided with a visual sensor which is arranged inside the feed inlet and used for detecting the size of the raw material,

if R1 is less than R1, the central control unit adjusts the distance D between the initial crushing left roller and the initial crushing right roller by using D0 and controls the first motor to operate at an initial rotating speed V0;

if R1 is more than or equal to R1 and less than R2, the central control unit adjusts the distance D between the initial crushing left roller and the initial crushing right roller by using D1 and controls the first motor to operate at an initial rotating speed V0;

if R1 is larger than or equal to R2, the central control unit adjusts the distance D between the initial crushing left roller and the initial crushing right roller by using D2 and controls the first motor to operate at an initial rotating speed V0;

when the central control unit adjusts the distance D between the initial crushing left roller and the initial crushing right roller by using di, i =0,1,2 is set, the distance between the adjusted initial crushing left roller and the adjusted initial crushing right roller is recorded as D ', and D' = D0 xdi is set, wherein D0 is the initial distance between the initial crushing left roller and the initial crushing right roller.

Further, when the recycling processing of the waste automobile plastic is finished, the central control unit controls the second particle size sensor to detect the average particle size R4 of the crushed waste automobile plastic and calculate the crushing rate eta of the average particle size R4 and the average radius R1 of the waste automobile plastic before crushing, eta = R4/R1 is set, and the central control unit compares eta with eta 0; the central control unit is internally provided with a preset crushing rate eta 0, the detection unit is internally provided with a second particle size sensor which is arranged inside the discharge hole and is used for detecting the particle size of the crushed raw material,

if eta is larger than or equal to eta 0, the central control unit judges that the crushing rate is qualified;

if eta is less than eta 0, the central control unit judges that the crushing rate is unqualified.

Further, if the central control unit judges that the crushing amount of the primary crushing meets the standard, the steps s3 and s4 are not needed.

Compared with the prior art, the automatic plastic particle crushing device has the advantages that the working parameters and working states of all parts in the crushing unit and the detection unit are monitored in a data mode through the central control unit, the crushing amount of the scraped car plastic is monitored in real time through the central control unit, the working state of the crushing unit is automatically changed according to the calculation result of the monitoring data, the working parameters are automatically assigned, the crushed car plastic with different characteristics is crushed according to different conditions, the scraped car plastic is crushed specifically through various motors and rollers, the state characteristics of the plastic particles are intelligently obtained after the crushing is completed, the particle size of the crushed plastic particles is more uniform, and the automatic plastic particle crushing device provides powerful guarantee for the subsequent recycling of the plastic particles.

Furthermore, the control unit calculates the average radius by detecting the size of the scraped car plastic, and pre-adjusts the distance and the rotating speed of the roller in the primary crushing process according to the average radius, so that the phenomenon that the roller is clamped due to the fact that the size of the plastic is too large is avoided, the phenomenon that the roller is damaged and invalid work is caused due to the fact that the size of the plastic is too small is avoided, and the operation efficiency of the device is improved.

Furthermore, the control unit in the invention detects the particle size of the primarily crushed plastic to know the crushing efficiency of the equipment, and adjusts the spacing and the rotating speed of the roller in the primary crushing process more accurately according to the crushing efficiency, so as to improve the control on the crushing precision, improve the self-learning capacity of the equipment, enable the equipment to be more suitable for the recycling process of the scraped car plastic, and further improve the efficiency of the equipment for crushing the plastic.

Furthermore, the invention automatically returns the crushed unqualified waste automobile plastic by arranging the returning device, and when the central control unit finishes adjusting the working parameters of the corresponding parts in the initial crushing process, the central control unit automatically re-crushes the plastic which does not meet the requirements, thereby saving the time for manpower to identify the returning, avoiding the damage of the plastic fragments of the unqualified automobile plastic fragments to the corresponding equipment in the subsequent process and improving the use efficiency of the equipment.

Furthermore, the method treats the plastics with different specifications according to different conditions by monitoring the toughness and the hardness of the plastic of the scraped car, so that the treatment efficiency of the equipment on different plastics is increased, the compatibility of the equipment on different characteristic plastics is further improved, and the application field of the method is further expanded.

Furthermore, the control unit detects the hardness of the scraped car plastic, divides the hardness of the plastic into different grades, specifically changes the crushing method according to the different grades, adopts a common treatment method according to the plastic with wider hardness, and quickly cools the plastic to ensure the plastic to be brittle according to the plastic with larger hardness, so that the crushing difficulty is reduced, the efficiency of crushing the scraped car plastic by the equipment is improved, and a powerful guarantee is provided for the subsequent reutilization of plastic particles.

Furthermore, the control unit detects the hardness of the scraped car plastic, calculates the difference between the hardness of the plastic and the standard hardness, and adopts different crushing technologies aiming at the plastic with different differences.

Furthermore, the control unit detects the toughness of the scraped car plastic, determines the ductility of the plastic through the toughness, and rapidly cools the plastic by using a cooling machine aiming at the scraped car plastic with better ductility so as to solidify the plastic, thereby reducing the crushing difficulty, improving the efficiency of crushing the scraped car plastic by equipment, and providing a powerful guarantee for the subsequent reutilization of plastic particles.

Furthermore, the invention intelligently acquires the state characteristics of the plastic particles after the completion of the crushing, and the equipment continuously self-learns the crushing completion condition, thereby laying a solid foundation for the full automation of the equipment and improving the subsequent reutilization property of the plastic particles.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a system flow chart of the method for recycling and processing the plastic of the scraped car according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a front view of an apparatus for the method for recycling and processing waste plastics of automobiles according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural side view of an apparatus for recycling scraped car plastic according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a second crushing left roller according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, the invention is further described in conjunction with the following examples; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only for explaining the technical principle of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms of direction or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

Referring to fig. 1, it is a system flow chart of the method for recycling and processing plastic of a scraped car according to the present invention, and the present invention provides a method for recycling and processing plastic of a scraped car, which includes the following steps:

step s1: in the raw material feeding process, the cleaned scraped car plastic is placed into a crusher through a feeding hole 1 so that the scraped car plastic is positioned above and between an initial crushing left roller 2 and an initial crushing right roller 3;

step s2: in the primary crushing process, the central control unit controls the first motor 4 to be opened, the first motor 4 drives the primary crushing left roller 2 and the primary crushing right roller 3 to rotate, and the scraped car plastic is driven by the primary crushing left roller 2 and the primary crushing right roller 3 to move downwards so as to be crushed and fall into the returning box 5;

and step s3: in the preliminary detection and debugging process, the detection unit detects the scraped car plastic crushed in the loopback box 5, and the central control unit readjusts working parameters of the first motor 4, the initial crushing left roller 2 and the initial crushing right roller 3 according to the detection result;

and step s4: the central control unit controls the first push rod 6 to push the scraped car plastic to enter the lifting box 7, the central control unit starts the conveyor belt 8 to drive the second push rod 9 to lift to the highest position, so that the scraped car plastic is positioned above the initial crushing box 10, and the central control unit controls the third push rod 11 to push the lifted scraped car plastic to enter the positions above and between the initial crushing left roller 2 and the initial crushing right roller 3 and operates the step s2 again;

and step s5: in the shunting process, the central control unit controls the first baffle 12 to be opened to enable the scraped car plastic to fall into the shunting box 13, the detection unit detects the scraped car plastic in the shunting box 13, and the central control unit controls the third baffle 17 to be opened, the fourth push rod 14 to be started and the scraped car plastic to fall into the second crushing box 19 or controls the second baffle 16 to be opened and the fifth push rod 15 to be started according to the detection result so that the scraped car plastic falls into the first crushing box 18;

and step s6: and in the first crushing process and the second crushing process, the central control unit controls the second motor 20 to be opened according to the detection result of the step s5, the second motor 20 drives the first crushing left roller 21 and the first crushing right roller 22 to rotate, the scraped car plastic is driven by the first crushing left roller 21 and the first crushing right roller 22 to move downwards so as to be crushed or controls the third motor 23 to be opened, the third motor 23 drives the second crushing left roller 24 and the second crushing right roller 25 to rotate, the scraped car plastic is driven by the second crushing left roller 24 and the second crushing right roller 25 to move downwards so as to be crushed, and the scraped car plastic is discharged from the discharge hole 26.

Please refer to fig. 2 and fig. 3, which are schematic structural diagrams of different views of an apparatus using the method for recycling plastic of a scraped car according to the present invention, respectively, wherein the apparatus using the method for recycling plastic of a scraped car according to the present invention comprises: the crushing unit, the detection unit and the central control unit;

the crushing unit includes: feed inlet 1, initial crushing left cylinder 2, initial crushing right cylinder 3, first motor 4, loopback case 5, first push rod 6, go up case 7, conveyer belt 8, second push rod 9, initial crushing case 10, third push rod 11, first baffle 12, reposition of redundant personnel case 13, fourth push rod 14, fifth push rod 15, second baffle 16, third baffle 17, first crushing case 18, second crushing case 19, second motor 20, first crushing left cylinder 21, first crushing right cylinder 22, third motor 23, second crushing left cylinder 24, second crushing right cylinder 25, discharge gate 26:

a feed inlet 1 which is funnel-shaped and is used for throwing scrap automobile plastics,

an initial pulverizing box 10 provided at a lower side of the feed port 1 for performing a primary pulverizing process,

an initial crushing left roller 2 and an initial crushing right roller 3, both of which are cylindrical rollers containing crushing spines, are arranged inside an initial crushing box 10, the crushing spines between the two rollers are alternately arranged,

a first motor 4 which is arranged on the rotating shafts of the initial crushing left roller 2 and the initial crushing right roller 3 and is used for driving the initial crushing left roller 2 and the initial crushing right roller 3 to rotate in opposite directions,

a back conveying box 5 which is arranged at one side below the initial crushing box 10 and is used for receiving the scraped car plastics crushed by the primary crushing process,

a lifting box 7 provided at one side of the initial pulverizing box 10 and the back-feeding box 5 to provide a space for lifting of the unqualified crushed aggregates,

a first push rod 6 arranged inside the returning box 5 for pushing the waste automobile plastic inside the returning box 5 to the lifting box 7,

a second push rod 9 provided at the bottom side of the inside of the ascending tank 7 for elevating the ascending tank 7 above the initial crushing tank 10

A conveyor belt 8 which is connected with the second push rod 9 and is arranged at one side of the side surface of the lifting box 7 for driving the second push rod 9 to move,

a third push rod 11 arranged at one side above the lifting box 7 and used for pushing the scraped car plastics lifted above the initial crushing box 10 to fall to the initial crushing box 10,

a diversion box 13 which is arranged at one side below the back conveying box 5 and the lifting box 7 and is used for temporarily parking the scraped car plastics to be diverted,

a first baffle plate 12 provided between the branch tank 13 and the return tank 5 to partition the branch tank 13 and the return tank 5,

a first crushing box 18 arranged at the left side below the flow dividing box 13 for performing a first crushing process on the scrap car plastic,

a second crushing box 19 arranged at the right side below the flow dividing box 13 for performing a second crushing process on the scrap car plastic,

a fourth push rod 14 arranged at the left side inside the diversion box 13 for pushing the waste automobile plastic inside the diversion box 13 to the second crushing box 19,

a fifth push rod 15 arranged at the right side inside the diversion box 13 for pushing the scraped car plastic inside the diversion box 13 to the first crushing box 18,

a second baffle 16 provided between the flow dividing box 13 and the first crushing box 18 to partition the flow dividing box 13 and the first crushing box 18,

a third baffle 17 provided between the flow dividing box 13 and the second crushing box 19 to partition the flow dividing box 13 and the second crushing box 19,

a first crushing left roller 21 and a first crushing right roller 22, which are both cylindrical rollers containing crushing spines, are arranged inside the first crushing box 18, the crushing spines between the two cylindrical rollers are alternately arranged,

a second motor 20 disposed on the rotation shafts of the first crushing left roller 21 and the first crushing right roller 22 for simultaneously driving the first crushing left roller 21 and the first crushing right roller 22 to rotate in opposite directions to each other,

a second crushing left roller 24 and a second crushing right roller 25, both of which are cylindrical rollers containing crushing spines, disposed inside the second crushing tank 19, the crushing spines between the two rollers being alternately arranged,

a third motor 23 provided on the rotation shafts of the second crushing left drum 24 and the second crushing right drum 25 for simultaneously driving the second crushing left drum 24 and the second crushing right drum 25 to rotate in opposite directions to each other,

a discharge port 26 disposed at one side below the first and

second crush boxes

18 and 19 for dispatching crushed scrap car plastic,

a cooler (not shown) disposed at one side of the peripheries of the first crushing box 18 and the second crushing box 19 for rapidly cooling the scraped car plastics inside the first crushing box 18 and the second crushing box 19;

the detection unit (not shown) comprises a vision sensor, a first particle size sensor, a hardness sensor, a toughness sensor and a second particle size sensor:

a vision sensor disposed inside the feed port 1 to detect the size of the raw material,

a first particle size sensor arranged inside the return box 5 for detecting the particle size of the crushed waste automobile plastic,

a hardness sensor arranged inside the flow distribution box 13 for detecting the hardness of the plastic of the scrapped automobile,

a toughness sensor arranged inside the flow distribution box 13 and used for detecting the toughness of the plastic of the scraped car,

a second particle size sensor disposed inside the discharge port 26 to detect a particle size of the crushed raw material;

and the central control unit is respectively connected with the crushing unit and the corresponding part in the detection unit and used for controlling the detection unit to detect the state of the waste automobile plastic in the crushing unit and controlling the operation of the corresponding part in the crushing unit according to the detection result, and the central control unit adjusts the working parameters of the corresponding part in the crushing unit according to the analysis and calculation result of the state data of the waste automobile plastic.

The invention realizes the data monitoring of the working parameters and the working states of all parts in the crushing unit and the detection unit through the central control unit, the central control unit monitors the crushing amount of the scraped car plastics in real time, automatically changes the working state of the crushing unit according to the calculation result of the monitoring data and automatically assigns the working parameters of the crushing unit, realizes the crushing of the scraped car plastics with different characteristics according to different conditions, specifically crushes the scraped car plastics by using various motors and rollers, and intelligently acquires the state characteristics of the plastic particles after the crushing is finished, so that the particle size of the crushed plastic particles is more uniform, and powerful guarantee is provided for the subsequent reutilization of the plastic particles.

When the scraped car plastic is put into the crusher through the feed port 1, the central control unit controls the visual sensor to detect the initial size of the scraped car plastic and calculate the average radius R1 of the scraped car plastic, the R1 is respectively compared with the R1 and the R2, and the distance D between the initial crushing left roller 2 and the initial crushing right roller 3 is preset according to the comparison result, a first preset average radius R1, a second preset average radius R2, a first preset distance regulating coefficient D0, a second preset distance regulating coefficient D1 and a third preset distance regulating coefficient D2 are arranged in the central control unit, wherein R1 is more than R2, and D0 is more than D1 and more than D2;

if R1 is less than R1, the central control unit adjusts the distance D between the initial crushing left roller 2 and the initial crushing right roller 3 by using D0 and controls the first motor 4 to operate at an initial rotating speed V0;

if R1 is more than or equal to R1 and less than R2, the central control unit adjusts the distance D between the initial crushing left roller 2 and the initial crushing right roller 3 by using D1 and controls the first motor 4 to operate at an initial rotating speed V0;

if R1 is larger than or equal to R2, the central control unit adjusts the distance D between the initial crushing left roller 2 and the initial crushing right roller 3 by using D2 and controls the first motor 4 to operate at an initial rotating speed V0;

when the central control unit adjusts the distance D between the initial crushing left drum 2 and the initial crushing right drum 3 using di, i =0,1,2 is set, the distance between the adjusted initial crushing left drum 2 and the initial crushing right drum 3 is denoted as D ', and D' = D0 × di is set, where D0 is the initial distance between the initial crushing left drum 2 and the initial crushing right drum 3.

The control unit calculates the average radius by detecting the size of the scraped car plastic, and pre-adjusts the distance and the rotating speed of the rollers in the primary crushing process according to the average radius, so that the phenomenon of clamping caused by overlarge plastic size is prevented, the rollers are prevented from being damaged, the phenomenon of invalid work caused by undersize plastic is also avoided, and the operation efficiency of equipment is improved.

When the scraped car plastic is initially crushed, the central control unit controls the first particle size sensor to detect the average particle size R2 of the crushed scraped car plastic and calculate the difference value Delta Ra between the average particle size R2 and the average radius R1 of the crushed scraped car plastic before crushing, and sets Delta Ra = R1-R2, the central control unit compares the Delta Ra with the Delta R1, the Delta R2 and the Delta R3 respectively, judges whether the crushing amount of the initial crushing meets the standard according to the comparison result and adjusts the working parameters of corresponding parts in the initial crushing process when the crushing amount does not meet the standard, and the central control unit is provided with a first preset particle size difference value Delta R1, a second preset particle size difference value Delta R2, a third preset particle size difference value Delta R3, a first preset motor rotating speed adjusting coefficient alpha 1, a second preset motor rotating speed adjusting coefficient alpha 2 and a unit interval adjusting coefficient delta d, wherein the Delta R1 is smaller than the Delta R2 and is smaller than the Delta R3, and the 1 is smaller than the alpha 2 and smaller than 1.5;

if the Delta Ra is less than the Delta R1, the central control unit judges that the crushing amount of the initial crushing does not meet the standard, and the central control unit reduces the distance D between the initial crushing left roller 2 and the initial crushing right roller 3 by using Delta D and adjusts the rotating speed V of the first motor 4 by using alpha 1;

if delta Ra is more than or equal to delta R1 and less than delta R2, the central control unit judges that the crushing amount of the primary crushing does not meet the standard, the central control unit increases the distance D between the left drum 2 and the right drum 3 of the primary crushing by using delta D and adjusts the rotating speed V of the first motor 4 by using alpha 2;

if delta Ra is more than or equal to delta R2 and less than delta R3, the central control unit judges that the crushing amount of the primary crushing does not meet the standard, the central control unit increases the distance D between the left drum 2 and the right drum 3 of the primary crushing by using 2 x delta D and adjusts the rotating speed V of the first motor 4 by using alpha 2;

if the delta Ra is larger than or equal to the delta R3, the central control unit judges that the crushing amount of the primary crushing meets the standard, and the working parameters of corresponding parts in the primary crushing process do not need to be adjusted.

According to the automatic plastic crushing device, the crushing efficiency of the device is known by detecting the particle size of the primarily crushed plastic, and the distance and the rotating speed of the rollers in the primary crushing process are adjusted more accurately according to the crushing efficiency, so that the crushing precision is controlled more, the self-learning capacity of the device is improved, the device is more suitable for the recycling and processing process of the scraped automobile plastic, and the plastic crushing efficiency of the device is further improved.

When the central control unit finishes adjusting the working parameters of the corresponding parts in the initial crushing process, the central control unit controls the first push rod 6 to push the scraped car plastic to enter the lifting box 7, the central control unit starts the conveyor belt 8 to drive the second push rod 9 to lift to the highest position, so that the scraped car plastic is positioned above the initial crushing box 10, and the central control unit controls the third push rod 11 to push the lifted scraped car plastic to enter the position above and between the initial crushing left roller 2 and the initial crushing right roller 3 and operates the step s2 again;

and if the central control unit judges that the primary crushing amount meets the standard, the steps s3 and s4 are not required.

According to the invention, the loopback device is arranged to automatically loopback the scrapped automobile plastic which is not crushed to be unqualified, and when the central control unit completes the adjustment of the working parameters of the corresponding parts in the initial crushing process, the central control unit automatically re-crushes the plastic which does not meet the requirements, so that the time for manual identification loopback is saved, the damage of scrapped automobile plastic fragments with unqualified particle sizes to the corresponding equipment in the subsequent process can be avoided, and the use efficiency of the equipment is improved.

When the raw materials are returned and the primary crushing process is repeated, the central control unit controls the first particle size sensor to detect the average particle size R3 of the crushed scraped car plastic again, calculates the difference value Delta Rb between the average particle size R3 of the crushed scraped car plastic and the average particle size R2 of the scraped car plastic before returning and crushing, sets Delta Rb = R2-R3, compares the Delta Rb with the Delta R1 and the Delta R2 respectively, judges whether the crushing amount of returning and crushing meets the standard or not according to the comparison result, and further crushes the scraped car plastic when the crushing amount does not meet the standard;

if the Delta Rb is less than the Delta R1, the central control unit judges that the crushing amount of the returned crushed material still does not meet the standard and preliminarily judges that the reason why the crushed material does not meet the standard is that the toughness of the scraped car plastic does not meet the standard, and the central control unit controls a toughness sensor to detect the toughness of the scraped car plastic and further crushes the scraped car plastic according to the detection result in different situations;

when the central control unit judges that the primary crushing amount meets the standard or judges that the primary crushing amount meets the standard after being sent back and crushed, the central control unit judges that a first crushing process and a second crushing process are carried out simultaneously, the central control unit controls the second baffle 16 and the third baffle 17 to be opened so that the scraped car plastics fall into the first crushing box 18 and the second crushing box 19, controls the second motor 20 and the third motor 23 to be opened, and drives the first crushing left roller 21, the first crushing right roller 22, the second crushing left roller 24 and the second crushing right roller 25 to rotate so that the scraped car plastics move downwards under the driving of the rollers and are crushed.

The equipment and the method have the advantages that the toughness and the hardness of the plastic of the scraped car are monitored to process the plastics with different specifications according to different conditions, so that the processing efficiency of the equipment on different plastics is increased, the compatibility of the equipment on the plastics with different characteristics is further improved, and the application field of the equipment is further expanded.

When the central control unit preliminarily judges that the hardness of the scraped car plastic does not meet the standard, the central control unit controls a hardness sensor to detect the hardness H of the scraped car plastic, compares the hardness H with H1 and H2 respectively, and further crushes the scraped car plastic according to the comparison result in different situations, a first preset hardness value H1, a second preset hardness value H2 and a maximum cutting angle beta max are arranged in the central control unit, wherein H1 is less than H2;

if H is less than or equal to H1, the central control unit judges that the hardness of the scraped car plastic meets the cutting standard, the central control unit judges that a first crushing process and a second crushing process are carried out simultaneously, the central control unit controls the second baffle 16 and the third baffle 17 to be opened so that the scraped car plastic falls into the first crushing box 18 and the second crushing box 19, controls the second motor 20 and the third motor 23 to be opened, drives the first crushing left roller 21, the first crushing right roller 22, the second crushing left roller 24 and the second crushing right roller 25 to rotate, and drives the scraped car plastic to move downwards under the driving of the rollers so as to be crushed;

if H1 is larger than H and smaller than or equal to H2, the central control unit judges that the hardness of the scraped car plastic meets the standard and the cutting angle of the roller needs to be adjusted, and the central control unit adjusts the cutting angle of the first left crushing roller 21 and the first right crushing roller 22 according to the difference value between the actual hardness value H and a first preset hardness value H1;

if H is larger than H2, the central control unit judges that the hardness of the scraped car plastic does not meet the standard and judges that the reason why the hardness of the scraped car plastic does not meet the standard is that the hardness of the scraped car plastic is too high, the central control unit judges that a second crushing process is carried out, and the central control unit changes the cutting angle of the second left crushing roller 24 and the second right crushing roller 25 into a maximum cutting angle beta max and controls the opening of the cooling machine.

The control unit detects the hardness of the scraped car plastic, divides the hardness of the plastic into different grades, specifically changes the crushing method according to the different grades, adopts a common treatment method for the plastic with wider hardness, quickly cools the plastic for the plastic with larger hardness to ensure the plastic to be brittle, further reduces the crushing difficulty, improves the efficiency of crushing the scraped car plastic by equipment, and provides a powerful guarantee for the subsequent reutilization of plastic particles.

Referring to fig. 4, which is a schematic structural diagram of a second crushing left drum according to an embodiment of the present invention, when a cutting angle of the drum needs to be adjusted, a central control unit calculates a difference Δ H between an actual hardness value H and a first preset hardness value H1, sets Δ H = H-H1, compares Δ H with Δ H1 and Δ H2, respectively, and changes the cutting angles of the second crushing left drum 24 and the second crushing right drum 25 to corresponding values according to a comparison result, where the central control unit is provided with the first preset hardness difference Δ H1, the second preset hardness difference Δ H2, the first preset cutting angle β 1, the second preset cutting angle β 2, and the third preset cutting angle β 3, where Δ H1 is less than Δ H2, and β 1 is less than β 2 and less than β 3;

if Δ H < Δh1, the central control unit changes the cutting angle of the second crushing left drum 24 and the second crushing right drum 25 to β 1 and determines that the second crushing process is performed;

Δ H1 ≦ Δ H2 the central control unit changes the cutting angle of the second crushing left drum 24 and the second crushing right drum 25 to β 2 and determines that the second crushing process is performed;

the cutting angles of the second crushing left roller 24 and the second crushing right roller 25 are changed to beta 3 by the central control unit at the time that the delta H is not less than delta H2, and the second crushing process is judged to be carried out;

when the central control unit judges that the second crushing process is carried out, the central control unit controls the third baffle 17 to be opened, the fourth push rod 14 to be started, so that the scraped car plastic falls into the second crushing box 19, controls the third motor 23 to be opened, drives the second crushing left roller 24 and the second crushing right roller 25 to rotate by the third motor 23, and drives the scraped car plastic to move downwards under the driving of the rollers so as to be crushed.

The control unit detects the hardness of the scraped car plastic, calculates the difference between the hardness of the plastic and the standard hardness, and adopts different crushing technologies aiming at the plastic with different differences.

When the central control unit preliminarily judges that the toughness of the scraped car plastic does not meet the standard, the central control unit controls a toughness sensor to detect the toughness S of the scraped car plastic, compares the S with the S0 and further crushes the scraped car plastic according to the comparison result, a preset toughness value S0 is arranged in the central control unit, and the toughness sensor is arranged in the diversion box 13 and used for detecting the toughness of the scraped car plastic;

if S is less than or equal to S0, the central control unit judges that the toughness of the scraped car plastic meets the cutting standard and does not need to adjust the cutting angle of the roller, the central control unit judges that a first crushing process and a second crushing process are simultaneously carried out, the central control unit controls the second baffle 16 and the third baffle 17 to be opened so that the scraped car plastic falls into the first crushing box 18 and the second crushing box 19, controls the second motor 20 and the third motor 23 to be opened, and drives the first crushing left roller 21, the first crushing right roller 22, the second crushing left roller 24 and the second crushing right roller 25 to rotate so that the scraped car plastic moves downwards under the driving of the rollers and is crushed;

When the central control unit judges that the first crushing process is carried out, the central control unit controls the second baffle 16 to be opened and the fifth push rod 15 to be started, so that the scraped car plastic falls into the first crushing box 18, controls the second motor 20 to be opened, drives the first crushing left roller 21 and the first crushing right roller 22 to rotate by the second motor 20, and drives the scraped car plastic to move downwards under the driving of the rollers so as to be crushed.

The control unit detects the toughness of the scraped car plastic, determines the ductility of the plastic through the toughness, and rapidly cools the plastic by using the cooling machine aiming at the scraped car plastic with better ductility so as to solidify the plastic, thereby reducing the crushing difficulty, improving the efficiency of crushing the scraped car plastic by equipment, and providing powerful guarantee for the subsequent recycling of plastic particles.

When the recycling processing of the waste automobile plastic is finished, the central control unit controls the second particle size sensor to detect the average particle size R4 of the crushed waste automobile plastic and calculate the crushing rate eta of the average particle size R1 of the crushed waste automobile plastic and the average radius R1 of the crushed waste automobile plastic, eta = R4/R1 is set, the central control unit compares eta with eta 0, judges whether the crushing rate is qualified or not according to the comparison result and carries out statistical analysis on the crushing rate, and the central control unit is provided with a preset crushing rate eta 0;

According to the invention, the state characteristics of the plastic particles are intelligently obtained after the plastic particles are crushed, the equipment continuously self-learns the crushing completion condition, a solid foundation is laid for the full automation of the equipment, and the subsequent reutilization property of the plastic particles is improved.

So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent changes or substitutions of related technical features can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and the technical scheme after the changes or substitutions can fall into the protection scope of the invention.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention; various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The method for recycling and processing the plastic of the scraped car is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

step s1, a raw material feeding process, namely feeding the cleaned scraped car plastic into a crusher through a feeding hole so that the scraped car plastic is positioned above and between an initial crushing left roller and an initial crushing right roller;

step s2, in the primary crushing process, the central control unit controls a first motor to be turned on, the first motor drives an initial crushing left roller and an initial crushing right roller to rotate so as to crush the scraped car plastic, and the scraped car plastic falls into a return box after being crushed;

step s4, returning the raw materials, wherein the central control unit controls the first push rod, the second push rod and the third push rod to be matched with each other so that the scraped car plastic is in the initial crushing box and the step s2 is repeated; when the raw material is returned and the primary crushing process is repeated, the central control unit controls the first particle size sensor to detect the average particle size R3 of the crushed waste automobile plastic again and calculates the difference Delta Rb between the average particle size R3 of the crushed waste automobile plastic and the average particle size R2 of the waste automobile plastic before returning and crushing, the central control unit sets Delta Rb = R2-R3, the central control unit compares the Delta Rb with Delta R1 and Delta R2 respectively,

when the central control unit judges that the crushing amount of the primary crushing meets the standard or judges that the crushing amount of the primary crushing meets the standard after the returning crushing, the central control unit judges that a first crushing process and a second crushing process are carried out simultaneously, and controls a second baffle and a third baffle to be opened so as to enable the waste automobile plastics to fall into the first crushing box and the second crushing box respectively and crush the waste automobile plastics in the first crushing box and the second crushing box respectively;

2. The recycling method of plastic scrap for automobiles according to claim 1, wherein when the plastic scrap for automobiles is initially crushed, the central control unit controls the first particle size sensor to detect the average particle size R2 of the plastic scrap for automobiles after crushing and calculate the difference Δ Ra between the average particle size R2 and the average radius R1 of the plastic scrap for automobiles before crushing and compare Δ Ra with Δ R1, Δ R2 and Δ R3, respectively, to set Δ Ra = R1-R2, and the central control unit is provided with a first predetermined particle size difference Δ R1, a second predetermined particle size difference Δ R2, a third predetermined particle size difference Δ R3, a first predetermined motor rotation speed adjustment coefficient α 1, a second predetermined motor rotation speed adjustment coefficient α 2 and a unit interval adjustment coefficient Δ d, wherein Δ R1 < [ delta ] R2 < [ delta ] R3,1 < α 2 < Δ 1.5,

if delta Ra is more than or equal to delta R1 and less than delta R2, the central control unit judges that the crushing amount of the primary crushing does not meet the standard, the central control unit increases the distance D between the left drum and the right drum of the primary crushing by using delta D and adjusts the rotating speed V of the first motor by using alpha 2;

3. The recycling method of plastic scrap car according to claim 2, wherein when the central control unit completes the adjustment of the working parameters of the corresponding components in the initial crushing process, the central control unit controls the first push rod to push the plastic scrap car so that the plastic scrap car enters the lifting box, the central control unit starts the conveyor belt to drive the second push rod to lift to the highest position so that the plastic scrap car is above the initial crushing box, and the central control unit controls the third push rod to push the lifted plastic scrap car so that the plastic scrap car enters and is between the initial crushing left roller and the initial crushing right roller, and the step s2 is repeated.

4. The method for recycling and processing plastic of scraped cars of claim 1, wherein when the central control unit preliminarily determines that the hardness of the plastic of scraped cars does not meet the standard, the central control unit controls the hardness sensor to detect the hardness H of the plastic of scraped cars and compares the H with H1 and H2 respectively, the central control unit is provided with a first preset hardness H1, a second preset hardness H2 and a maximum cutting angle β max, wherein H1 is less than H2, the detection unit is provided with the hardness sensor which is arranged inside the diversion box and used for detecting the hardness of the plastic of scraped cars,

if H is less than or equal to H1, the central control unit judges that the hardness of the scraped car plastic meets the cutting standard, and the central control unit judges that a first crushing process and a second crushing process are carried out simultaneously;

5. The recycling method of plastics for scrap cars according to claim 4, wherein when the central control unit determines that the cutting angle of the drum needs to be adjusted, the central control unit calculates the difference Δ H between the actual hardness value H and the first preset hardness value H1 and compares Δ H with Δ H1 and Δ H2, respectively, to set Δ H = H-H1, and the central control unit is provided with the first preset hardness difference Δ H1, the second preset hardness difference Δ H2, the first preset cutting angle β 1, the second preset cutting angle β 2, and the third preset cutting angle β 3, wherein Δ H1 is less than Δ H2, and β 1 < β 2 < β 3,

if delta H1 is more than or equal to delta H and less than delta H2, the central control unit changes the cutting angle of the second crushing left roller and the second crushing right roller to beta 2 and judges that a second crushing process is carried out;

6. The method for recycling and processing plastics of scraped car according to claim 5, wherein the central control unit controls the toughness sensor to detect the toughness S of the plastics of scraped car and compare S with S0 when the central control unit preliminarily determines that the toughness of the plastics of scraped car does not meet the standard; the central control unit is internally provided with a preset toughness value S0, the detection unit is internally provided with a toughness sensor which is arranged inside the flow distribution box and used for detecting the toughness of the scraped car plastic,

7. The recycling method of plastic of scraped cars according to claim 1, characterized in that when the plastic of scraped cars is put into the crusher through the feeding port, the central control unit controls the visual sensor to detect the initial size of the plastic of scraped cars and calculate the average radius R1, and compares R1 with R1 and R2 respectively; the central control unit is internally provided with a first preset average radius r1, a second preset average radius r2, a first preset interval adjusting coefficient d0, a second preset interval adjusting coefficient d1 and a third preset interval adjusting coefficient d2, wherein r1 is more than r2, d0 is more than d1 and less than d2, the detection unit is internally provided with a visual sensor which is arranged inside the feed inlet and used for detecting the size of the raw material,

if R1 is not more than R1 and is more than R2, the central control unit adjusts the distance D between the initial crushing left roller and the initial crushing right roller by using D1 and controls the first motor to operate at an initial rotating speed V0;

8. The recycling method of plastics for scrap cars according to claim 6, characterized in that when the recycling of plastics for scrap cars is completed, the central control unit controls the second particle size sensor to detect the average particle size R4 of the plastics for scrap cars after being crushed and calculate the crushing ratio η between the average particle size R4 and the average radius R1 of the plastics for scrap cars before being crushed, and the central control unit compares η with η 0, and sets η = R4/R1; the central control unit is internally provided with a preset crushing rate eta 0, the detection unit is internally provided with a second particle size sensor which is arranged inside the discharge hole and is used for detecting the particle size of the crushed raw material,

9. The method for recycling and processing plastics of a scraped car according to claim 3, wherein if the central control unit determines that the crushing amount of the primary crushing meets the standard, the steps s3 and s4 are not required.