CN114535750A - Method for preparing 4043 aluminum alloy through cold metal transition electric arc additive manufacturing - Google Patents
Method for preparing 4043 aluminum alloy through cold metal transition electric arc additive manufacturing Download PDFInfo
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- CN114535750A CN114535750A CN202210290723.4A CN202210290723A CN114535750A CN 114535750 A CN114535750 A CN 114535750A CN 202210290723 A CN202210290723 A CN 202210290723A CN 114535750 A CN114535750 A CN 114535750A
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- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018125 Al-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018520 Al—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 aluminum-silicon aluminum Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing 4043 aluminum alloy by cold metal transition arc additive manufacturing, and belongs to the technical field of metal arc additive manufacturing. Removing an oxide layer on the surface of a substrate, cleaning the substrate by using acetone, fixing the substrate on a workbench for later use, selecting a proper position on the substrate, adjusting a welding gun, igniting an electric arc, stacking layer by layer in a reciprocating manner, and lifting the welding gun to a certain height between layers to form a 4043 aluminum alloy additive formed part. The invention provides an aluminum alloy electric arc additive manufacturing technology without heat treatment, the additive piece has excellent formability and mechanical property, is particularly suitable for the occasions directly used without heat treatment, has high forming efficiency, and can realize large-scale application and mass production in production and life.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for preparing 4043 aluminum alloy by cold metal transition arc additive manufacturing, and belongs to the technical field of metal arc additive manufacturing.
Background
The essence of the electric arc additive manufacturing technology is that the method of gas shielded welding is optimized and then applied to the field of additive manufacturing. At present, a lot of additive manufacturing processes using electric arcs as heat sources mainly include Metal Inert Gas (MIG), Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG), plasma arc welding power supply (PA), and the like, and the additive manufacturing process is generally completed by filling the additive manufacturing process in a wire feeding manner. The biggest advantages of the electric arc additive manufacturing technology are low cost, high deposition rate and short production period. The CMT (cold metal transfer) technology adopts a hot-cold-hot mode, reduces welding current during droplet transfer, and has the advantages of no splashing, small heat input and the like.
The aluminum-silicon aluminum alloy has excellent comprehensive properties such as low density, high wear resistance, high corrosion resistance, low thermal expansion coefficient and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of ship manufacturing, vehicle industry, aerospace and the like. The 4043 aluminum alloy belongs to Al-Si series alloy, has good plasticity and lower density, and is a suitable welding wire for electric arc additive manufacturing. The ER4043 aluminum alloy welding wire comprises the following chemical components: less than or equal to 0.05wt% of Mg, less than or equal to 5wt% of Si, less than or equal to 0.8wt% of Fe, less than or equal to 0.3wt% of Cu, less than or equal to 0.05wt% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.1wt% of Zn, less than or equal to 0.2wt% of Ti, and the balance of Al.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preparing 4043 aluminum alloy by cold metal transition arc additive manufacturing, which has good formability and mechanical property of an additive part, is particularly suitable for occasions directly used without heat treatment after welding, has high forming efficiency and can realize mass production.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme: the method comprises the steps of melting an ER4043 aluminum alloy welding wire by utilizing a CMT heat source, adopting reciprocating type layer-by-layer stacking forming, and welding after adjusting process parameters, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) and (4) keeping a windless dry environment, and removing an oxide layer and oil stains on the substrate for later use.
(2) Fixing a 6082 aluminum alloy substrate on a workbench, naturally cooling the bottom of the substrate, adjusting the position and height of a welding gun, igniting a CMT electric arc, and performing reciprocating type layer-by-layer stacking by adopting 4043 aluminum alloy welding wires to form the 4043 aluminum alloy additive part.
Preferably, the thickness of the 6082 aluminum alloy substrate is 10 mm.
Preferably, in step (2) of the present invention, the welding machine is a CMT welding machine, and the welding gun is perpendicular to the substrate.
Preferably, in the step (2) of the invention, the diameter of the welding wire is 1.2mm, the length of the welding wire is 10mm, the height of each layer of the welding gun is 7.5mm after welding, and the shielding gas is 99.9% pure argon.
Preferably, the process parameters in step (2) of the present invention are: the wire feeding speed is 4-5 m/min, the welding speed is 80-100 cm/min, the flow of the protective gas is 20L/min, and the interlayer retention time is 0-10 s.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) additive manufacturing of 4043 aluminum alloy on a 6082 aluminum alloy substrate by using CMT; various welding process parameters are adjusted and the process environment is improved in the welding process, and the additive part manufactured by the corresponding process has good formability and mechanical property, is particularly suitable for the occasions which are directly used without heat treatment after welding, and can be directly and quickly used for production and application; the additive part has high forming efficiency and can realize mass production.
(2) The aluminum alloy prepared by the method can reach the use strength without heat treatment after welding, is suitable for occasions without heat treatment, can be quickly used for production after welding, and provides a novel part manufacturing method for 4043 aluminum alloy in the fields of ship manufacturing, vehicle industry, aerospace and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a forming diagram of a 4043 aluminum alloy CMT additive manufacturing thin-wall part.
Detailed Description
In order to thoroughly understand the present invention, the following description will be made in detail with reference to specific embodiments to explain the technical solution of the present invention, wherein the detailed description of the specific embodiments is as follows:
a method for preparing 4043 aluminum alloy by cold metal transition arc additive manufacturing is disclosed, the thin-wall part is formed by a plurality of layers of deposition, the welding gun walking mode is reciprocating type, the method is as follows: fixing a substrate on a workbench, and carrying out treatment such as oxide layer removal, oil stain removal and the like on a 6082 aluminum alloy substrate with the thickness of 10mm to ensure that a part to be welded is clean; adjusting the height and position of a welding gun, and starting to weld a first layer after technological parameters are adjusted; and after the first layer is finished, the welding gun is lifted upwards by a certain height, the welding gun stays for a certain time, the welding of the second layer is continued on the basis of the first layer, and the process is repeated until the additive part is manufactured.
Example 1
A method for preparing 4043 aluminum alloy by cold metal transition arc additive manufacturing is characterized in that the welding machine is a CMT welding machine, the welding wire is an ER40443 aluminum alloy welding wire, and the welding wire is a consumable electrode gas shielded welding wire with the diameter of 1.2 mm. The welding gun reciprocating type material increase, namely starting from an arc starting position and stopping at an arc receiving position, starting from the arc receiving position of a previous layer for a next layer and stopping at the arc starting position of the previous layer, specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) before welding, the welding gun is placed on the three-dimensional walking mechanism, and the CMT welding machine and the control software are started to carry out simulated trial welding without arc striking.
(2) Cleaning the substrate, removing the oxide on the surface of the substrate by using an angle grinder, sand paper, a steel wire brush and the like, wiping off oil stains by using acetone, fixing the substrate on an operating platform, and naturally cooling the bottom of the substrate.
(3) And (3) enabling the welding gun to be positioned at one end of the substrate, enabling the welding gun to be vertical to the substrate, enabling the height of the welding gun to be about 10mm, and adjusting the dry extension of the welding wire to almost contact with the substrate.
(4) Selecting a CMT mode on a panel of a welding machine for CMT welding, adjusting the wire feeding speed to be 4m/min, and adjusting the speed of the three-dimensional travelling mechanism through control software, namely the welding speed of a welding gun to be 90 cm/min; the protective gas is pure argon with the concentration of 99.9 percent, the flow of the protective gas is adjusted to be 20L/min, and the interlayer retention time is 5 s.
(5) An arc was initiated at one end of the substrate and a first layer of welding was started, 130mm in length.
(6) After the first layer of piling is finished, the welding gun is lifted to a safe arc blowout position, then the second layer of piling is started, and the welding gun is lifted by 7.5mm compared with the absolute height of the upper layer.
(7) And (5) repeating the step (6) after the second layer of additive welding is completed until the additive is 160 layers, and finally quenching the arc to complete the manufacture of the 4043 aluminum alloy additive part.
After welding, the additive formed part obtained in this example is shown in fig. 1. And (3) performing performance test after additive manufacturing, respectively cutting tensile samples in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction of the additive manufacturing sample, and performing room-temperature tensile test, wherein the tensile rate is 5mm/min, and the result shows that the horizontal tensile strength of the additive manufacturing sample reaches 153.691MPa, the vertical tensile strength reaches 133.183MPa, the requirements of practical application can be met, and particularly the horizontal tensile strength is higher.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described above; it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described above, in that devices and structures not described in detail are understood to be implemented in a manner common in the art; those skilled in the art can make many possible variations and modifications to the invention, or modify equivalent embodiments to equivalent variations, without affecting the spirit of the invention, using the methods and techniques disclosed above, without departing from the scope of the invention; therefore, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are still within the scope of the protection of the technical solution of the present invention, unless the contents of the technical solution of the present invention are departed.
Claims (5)
1. A method for preparing 4043 aluminum alloy by cold metal transition arc additive manufacturing is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) keeping a windless dry environment, and removing an oxide layer and oil stains on a 6082 aluminum alloy substrate for later use;
(2) fixing a 6082 aluminum alloy substrate on a workbench, naturally cooling the bottom of the substrate, adjusting the position and height of a welding gun, igniting a CMT electric arc, and performing reciprocating type layer-by-layer stacking by adopting 4043 aluminum alloy welding wires to form the 4043 aluminum alloy additive part.
2. The method of cold metal transition arc additive manufacturing of 4043 aluminum alloy of claim 1, wherein: 6082 the thickness of the aluminum alloy substrate is 10 mm.
3. The method of cold metal transition arc additive manufacturing of 4043 aluminum alloy of claim 1, wherein: and (3) in the step (2), the welding machine is a CMT welding machine, and the welding gun is vertical to the substrate.
4. The method of cold metal transition arc additive manufacturing of 4043 aluminum alloy of claim 1, wherein: in the step (2), the diameter of the welding wire is 1.2mm, the length of the welding wire is 10mm, the height of each layer of welding gun after welding is 7.5mm, and the protective gas is pure argon with the purity of 99.9%.
5. The method of cold metal transition arc additive manufacturing of 4043 aluminum alloy of claim 1, wherein: the process parameters in the step (2) are as follows: the wire feeding speed is 4-5 m/min, the welding speed is 80-100 cm/min, the flow of the protective gas is 20L/min, and the interlayer retention time is 0-10 s.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210290723.4A CN114535750A (en) | 2022-03-23 | 2022-03-23 | Method for preparing 4043 aluminum alloy through cold metal transition electric arc additive manufacturing |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210290723.4A CN114535750A (en) | 2022-03-23 | 2022-03-23 | Method for preparing 4043 aluminum alloy through cold metal transition electric arc additive manufacturing |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106141373A (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2016-11-23 | 南京航空航天大学 | The electric arc 3D printing device of aluminum alloy junction component and Method of printing |
| CN108372342A (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2018-08-07 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of increasing material manufacturing method of high-strength alusil alloy |
| CN110405318A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2019-11-05 | 天津大学 | A kind of CMT increasing material manufacturing method improving Tensile Properties of Aluminum Alloy |
| CN110421230A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2019-11-08 | 沈阳大学 | A kind of Ultra-high strength dual phase steels CMT electric arc increasing material manufacturing technique |
| CN113020754A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-06-25 | 沈阳大学 | 5556 aluminum alloy Cold Metal Transition (CMT) arc additive manufacturing process |
| US20220001476A1 (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2022-01-06 | Wuhan University | Wire arc additive manufacturing method for high-strength aluminum alloy component, equipment and product |
-
2022
- 2022-03-23 CN CN202210290723.4A patent/CN114535750A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106141373A (en) * | 2016-07-18 | 2016-11-23 | 南京航空航天大学 | The electric arc 3D printing device of aluminum alloy junction component and Method of printing |
| CN108372342A (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2018-08-07 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of increasing material manufacturing method of high-strength alusil alloy |
| CN110405318A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2019-11-05 | 天津大学 | A kind of CMT increasing material manufacturing method improving Tensile Properties of Aluminum Alloy |
| CN110421230A (en) * | 2019-08-08 | 2019-11-08 | 沈阳大学 | A kind of Ultra-high strength dual phase steels CMT electric arc increasing material manufacturing technique |
| US20220001476A1 (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2022-01-06 | Wuhan University | Wire arc additive manufacturing method for high-strength aluminum alloy component, equipment and product |
| CN113020754A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-06-25 | 沈阳大学 | 5556 aluminum alloy Cold Metal Transition (CMT) arc additive manufacturing process |
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