CN114534909A - Separation system and separation method for flotation and decarburization of gasified slag - Google Patents
Separation system and separation method for flotation and decarburization of gasified slag Download PDFInfo
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- CN114534909A CN114534909A CN202210361551.5A CN202210361551A CN114534909A CN 114534909 A CN114534909 A CN 114534909A CN 202210361551 A CN202210361551 A CN 202210361551A CN 114534909 A CN114534909 A CN 114534909A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
- B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
Abstract
The separation system and the separation method for flotation and decarburization of the gasified slag are a separation method combining grinding and multistage flotation, so that the low-ash carbon particles and the high-ash mineral particles are enriched step by step, the technical problems that the selectivity of the gasified slag in flotation is poor, the recovery rate is low, and the ash content of clean coal and tail coal does not reach the standard are solved, and by adopting the technical scheme, the combined separation process provided by the invention has strong adaptability to the gasified slag, the problem of high traditional Chinese medicine consumption in the traditional foam flotation is solved, and the separation system and the separation method have great significance for realizing the fine and deep separation process of carbon ash in the gasified slag; in addition, two products, namely low-ash clean coal and high-ash tail coal, are generated under the condition of low chemical consumption level, the former meets the requirement of fuel utilization on the calorific value of the clean coal, and the latter meets the requirement of gasification slag building material utilization on ignition loss, so that the invention realizes the deep separation and quality-based utilization of the gasification slag on the premise of ensuring economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of a coal gasification slag fine and deep separation process, in particular to a separation system and a separation method for flotation and decarburization of gasification slag.
Background
With the rapid development of the modern coal chemical industry, the coal gasification is used as a tap of the modern coal chemical industry technology, and the generation amount of coal gasification slag in the gasification process is increased sharply. Currently, the treatment mode of the gasified slag is mainly landfill and stockpiling, so that land resources are occupied, the risk of pollution of harmful heavy metal leachate to water and soil is faced, the implementation of regional ecological civilization construction and national energy strategy is seriously influenced, and the gasified slag becomes a prominent bottleneck for restricting the high-quality development of the local modern coal chemical industry.
The gasified slag is solid waste generated in the high-temperature coal gasification process, mainly comprises a low-ash carbon component and a high-ash alumino-silica mineral, and the high-ash alumino-silica mineral mainly comprises main components such as silicon and aluminum and strategic key metal elements such as certain contents of lithium, germanium and gallium, so that the gasified slag has a wide resource utilization prospect. At present, the comprehensive utilization of the gasified slag at home and abroad mainly focuses on two aspects of preparing building material raw materials and high value-added materials. However, the above-mentioned recycling direction of the gasified slag has higher requirements on the purity of the raw material, for example, the loss on ignition of the gasified slag is not higher than 5% as required by the related national standards. A large amount of mineral melts exist in the gasified slag, carbon and ash are seriously wrapped and included, the embedded granularity is fine, the pores of residual carbon particles are developed, and the flotation is a main method for realizing the separation of the carbon and the ash. The research on the separation of carbon and ash in the gasified slag is mainly at home, and related researches indicate that the surfaces of carbon particles in the gasified slag are oxidized to a certain degree in the processes of high-temperature gasification and chilling, so that the hydrophobicity is reduced, the floatability is poor, and when diesel oil is used as a collecting agent, the agent consumption is high, and the flotation index is poor. In addition, because the ash content of the gasified slag is high, the ash content of clean coal obtained by flotation through a conventional one-time unit flotation experimental process is high, the requirement of a coal-fired power plant on the calorific value of coal is difficult to meet, and the ash content of flotation tail coal is difficult to meet the requirement of building material utilization on the ignition loss of the coal.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical scheme, the separation system and the separation method for flotation and decarburization of the gasified slag are provided, and the separation system organically combines ore grinding and multi-stage flotation, so that the technical problems of low carbon ash separation efficiency, large medicine consumption and the like of the gasified slag are fundamentally solved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a separation system for flotation and decarburization of gasified slag, which comprises a main feed path, a fine separation branch path, a fine separation return branch path, a scavenging branch path and a scavenging return branch path, wherein:
the main feeding path comprises a feeding pump, a cyclone classifying screen, a set of pulp conditioner and a set of flotation columns which are sequentially connected along the material conveying direction, the top output end of the flotation column in the main feeding path is connected with the input end of the fine selecting branch path, and the bottom output end of the flotation column in the main feeding path is connected with the input end of the scavenging branch path;
the concentration branch comprises at least two sets of concentration units which are sequentially connected in series in a multistage manner, each set of concentration unit comprises a set of ore pulp conditioner and a set of flotation column which are sequentially connected along the material transmission direction, and the flotation column of the previous stage of concentration unit is connected with the ore pulp conditioner of the adjacent next stage of concentration unit through the top output end of the flotation column;
the concentration return branch comprises a set of ore grinding equipment, the input end of the ore grinding equipment in the concentration return branch is connected with the bottom output ends of the flotation columns in all the concentration units, and the output end of the ore grinding equipment in the concentration return branch is connected with the input end of the concentration branch;
the scavenging branch comprises at least two sets of scavenging units which are sequentially connected in series in a multistage manner, each set of scavenging unit comprises a set of ore pulp conditioner and a set of flotation column which are sequentially connected along the material transmission direction, and the flotation column of the upper stage of scavenging unit is connected with the ore pulp conditioner of the adjacent lower stage of scavenging unit through the bottom output end of the flotation column;
the scavenging backflow branch comprises a set of ore grinding equipment, the input end of the ore grinding equipment in the scavenging backflow branch is connected with the top output ends of the flotation columns in all the scavenging units, and the output end of the ore grinding equipment in the scavenging backflow branch is connected to the input end of the scavenging branch.
As a further preferable technical scheme of the invention, the ore grinding equipment is a rod mill, a ball mill or a stirring mill.
As a further preferable technical scheme of the invention, a stirring barrel is further arranged at the front end of the feeding pump.
According to another aspect of the invention, the invention also provides a sorting method adopting the sorting system for flotation and decarburization of the gasified slag, which comprises the following steps:
1) stirring and mixing the coal gasification slag of the powder and water to obtain a mixed material, and conveying the mixed material to a cyclone classification screen by a feeding pump;
2) processing the mixed material through a cyclone classifying screen to obtain cyclone classifying screen underflow, cyclone classifying screen overflow and undersize of low-ash coarse particles, wherein the cyclone classifying screen overflow and the undersize are mixed and then are conveyed to an ore pulp conditioner of a main feeding path for conditioning, and initial ore pulp is obtained after conditioning;
3) introducing the initial ore pulp into a flotation column in a main feeding path for roughing to obtain roughed cleaned coal, and outputting the roughed cleaned coal to a fine selection branch from a top output end of the flotation column to obtain roughed tailing coal to be output to a scavenging branch from a bottom output end of the flotation column;
4) the method comprises the following steps that (1) rough cleaned coal is sequentially treated by a fine selection unit, finally low-ash cleaned coal is obtained and output from a flotation column of the last-stage fine selection unit through the top output end of the flotation column, fine tail coal obtained after treatment of each fine selection unit is conveyed to ore grinding equipment of a fine selection backflow branch, and ore pulp obtained after fine tail coal grinding is formed after treatment of the ore grinding equipment and then flows back to the input end of the fine selection branch;
5) the selected tailings are sequentially processed by the scavenging units, high-ash tailings are finally obtained and are output by a flotation column of the last scavenging unit through the top output end of the high-ash tailings, scavenged clean coals obtained after being processed by the scavenging units are conveyed to ore grinding equipment of a scavenging backflow branch, and are processed by the ore grinding equipment to form scavenged clean coal grinding, and then ore pulp flows back to the input end of the scavenging branch.
As a further preferable technical scheme of the invention, the coal gasification slag of the powder and water are stirred in a stirring barrel to obtain a mixed material.
As a further preferable technical scheme of the invention, in the step) 1, the gasified slag and water are stirred and mixed at the concentration of 100-200 g/L.
According to the separation system and the separation method for flotation and decarburization of the gasified slag, the separation method is a separation method combining grinding and multi-stage flotation, so that the low-ash carbon particles and the high-ash mineral particles are enriched step by step, the technical problems that the selectivity of the gasified slag in flotation is poor, the recovery rate is low, and the ash content of clean coal and tail coal does not reach the standard are solved, and by adopting the technical scheme, the combined separation process provided by the invention is high in adaptability to the gasified slag, the problem of high traditional Chinese medicine consumption in the traditional foam flotation is solved, and the separation system and the separation method have great significance for realizing the fine and deep separation process of carbon ash in the gasified slag; moreover, the combined separation process provided by the invention has the advantages of simple flow and low cost.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of an example provided by the flotation decarbonization separation system for the gasified slag according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a process flow diagram of an example provided by the flotation decarbonization separation system for the gasified slag of the present invention.
In the figure: 100. a main feeding path, 200, a fine selection branch path, 300, a fine selection return branch path, 400, a scavenging branch path, 500 and a scavenging return branch path;
1. coal gasification slag, 2, water, 3, mixed material, 4, cyclone classifying screen underflow, 5, cyclone classifying screen overflow and undersize, 6, initial ore pulp, 7, rougher refined coal, 8, rougher refined coal ore pulp, 9, first cleaner refined coal, 10, first cleaner tailings, 11, cleaner refined coal ore pulp, 12, second cleaner refined coal, 13, second cleaner tailings, 14, cleaner tailings mixed feeding, 15, cleaner tailings milled ore pulp, 16, rougher tailings, 17, rougher tailings ore pulp, 18, first scavenging refined coal, 19, first scavenging tailings, 20, scavenging tailings ore pulp, 21, second scavenging refined coal, 22, second scavenging tailings, 23, scavenging refined coal mixture, 24, scavenging refined coal milled ore pulp;
A. the device comprises a stirring barrel, a feeding pump, a cyclone classifying screen, an ore pulp conditioner, a flotation column, an ore grinding device and a feeding pump.
The objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. In the preferred embodiments, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "a" are used for clarity of description only, and are not used to limit the scope of the invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not changed or modified substantially without changing the technical content of the invention.
The innovative ideas of the application are as follows: the traditional carbon ash flotation separation process is usually completed by adding a collecting agent and a foaming agent at one time, but the gasified slag is special in composition, the loss of the medicament consumption of one-time medicament addition (coal oil, diesel oil and the like make carbon particles hydrophobic, and sec-octanol is added for foaming) is large, and the key of the fine and deep separation of the carbon ash in the gasified slag is that the relative enrichment of carbon and ash in the clean coal and the tail coal is firstly realized under the condition of better economic medicament quantity (the conventional gasified slag flotation decarbonization medicament quantity is generally more than 8kg/t, and the comprehensive medicament quantity can be lower than 5kg/t), and then the further enrichment of the carbon and the ash is respectively realized by batch medicament addition and step-by-step enrichment, so that the requirement of the utilization of the carbon ash quality in the gasified slag on the product purity is finally met. Based on the innovative thought, the invention provides a combined process of ore grinding and multi-stage flotation, solves the problem of low efficiency in the carbon ash separation process, and effectively promotes the resource utilization of all components of the gasified slag.
The flotation column can be a rotational flow static micro-bubble flotation column or a reverse flow type flotation column, target minerals in ore pulp in the flotation column are adhered to flotation bubbles under the hydrophobization action of a medicament, and then rise to the upper part of the flotation column along with the flotation bubbles to form a mineralized foam layer, and are discharged from a top output end after overflowing, and other minerals (generally hydrophilic minerals such as gangue or non-selected minerals) are discharged from a tailing pipe at a bottom output end.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a separation system for flotation and decarburization of gasified slag, which comprises a main feed path 100, a concentration branch path 200, a concentration return branch path 300, a scavenging branch path 400 and a scavenging return branch path 500, wherein:
the main feeding path 100 comprises a stirring barrel A, a feeding pump B, a cyclone classifying screen C, a set of pulp conditioner D and a set of flotation column E which are sequentially connected along the material conveying direction, the top output end of the flotation column E in the main feeding path 100 is connected with the input end of the selecting branch path 200, and the bottom output end of the flotation column E in the main feeding path 100 is connected with the input end of the scavenging branch path 400;
the concentration branch 200 comprises at least two sets of concentration units which are sequentially connected in series in a multistage manner, each set of concentration unit comprises a set of ore pulp conditioner D and a set of flotation column E which are sequentially connected along the material transmission direction, and the flotation column E of the previous stage of concentration unit is connected with the ore pulp conditioner D of the next adjacent stage of concentration unit through the top output end of the flotation column E;
the concentration return branch 300 comprises a set of ore grinding equipment F, the input end of the ore grinding equipment F in the concentration return branch 300 is connected with the bottom output ends of the flotation columns E in all the concentration units, and the output end of the ore grinding equipment F in the concentration return branch 300 is connected with the input end of the concentration branch 200;
the scavenging branch 400 comprises at least two sets of scavenging units which are sequentially connected in series in a multistage manner, each set of scavenging unit comprises a set of ore pulp conditioner D and a set of flotation column E which are sequentially connected along the material conveying direction, and the flotation column E of the previous scavenging unit is connected with the ore pulp conditioner D of the adjacent next scavenging unit through the bottom output end of the flotation column E;
the scavenging return branch 500 comprises a set of ore grinding equipment F, the input end of the ore grinding equipment F in the scavenging return branch 500 is connected with the top output ends of the flotation columns E in all the scavenging units, and the output end of the ore grinding equipment F in the scavenging return branch 500 is connected with the input end of the scavenging branch 400.
In specific implementation, the ore grinding device F may be a rod mill, a ball mill or a stirring mill, and of course, other devices having the same functions in the prior art may also be used, which is not illustrated here.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the invention also provides a sorting method using a sorting system for flotation and decarburization of gasified slag, wherein two sets of a selecting unit in a selecting branch 200 and two sets of a scavenging unit in a scavenging branch 400 are selected, the selecting unit and the scavenging unit are sequentially defined as a first stage and a second stage according to the series sequence, and the process flow of the sorting method is as follows:
1) stirring the powdered coal gasification slag 1 and water 2 by a stirring barrel A to obtain a mixed material 3, and conveying the mixed material 3 to a cyclone classifying screen C by a feeding pump B;
2) processing the mixed material 3 through a cyclone classifying screen C to obtain cyclone classifying screen underflow 4, cyclone classifying screen overflow and undersize 5 with low ash and coarse particles, wherein the cyclone classifying screen overflow and the undersize 5 are mixed and then are conveyed to an ore pulp conditioner D of the main feeding path 100 for conditioning to obtain initial ore pulp 6;
3) introducing the initial ore pulp 6 into a flotation column E in a main feeding path 100 for roughing to obtain roughed cleaned coal 7, and outputting the roughed cleaned coal 7 to a fine selection branch circuit 200 from the top output end of the flotation column E to obtain roughed tailings 16 which are output to a scavenging branch circuit 400 from the bottom output end of the flotation column E;
4) the rough beneficiated coal 7 is firstly input into an ore pulp conditioner D of a first-stage beneficiating unit for conditioning to obtain rough beneficiated coal ore pulp 8, the rough beneficiated coal ore pulp 8 is input into a flotation column E of the first-stage beneficiating unit again, primary beneficiated coal 9 is output from the top output end of the flotation column E of the first-stage beneficiating unit and is conveyed to an ore pulp conditioner D of a second-stage beneficiating unit for conditioning to obtain beneficiated coal ore pulp 11, the beneficiated coal ore pulp 11 is conveyed to the flotation column E of the second-stage beneficiating unit again, secondary beneficiated coal 12 is output from the top output end of the flotation column E of the second-stage beneficiating unit, namely, the finally obtained low-ash beneficiated coal is obtained, in addition, the primary beneficiated coal 10 output from the bottom output end of the flotation column E of the first-stage beneficiating unit and the secondary beneficiated coal 13 output from the bottom output end of the flotation column E of the second-stage beneficiating unit are mixed to obtain beneficiated coal 14, the mixed feed 14 of the refined tailing is conveyed to the ore grinding equipment F of the refined return branch 300, and is processed by the ore grinding equipment F to form the ore pulp 15 after the refined tailing is ground and then flows back to the input end of the refined branch 200;
5) firstly inputting rougher tailings 16 into an ore pulp conditioner D of a first-stage scavenging unit for conditioning to obtain rougher tailings ore pulp 17, then inputting rougher cleaned coal ore pulp 8 into a flotation column E of the first-stage scavenging unit, outputting primary scavenged tailings 19 from a bottom output end of the flotation column E of the first-stage scavenging unit and conveying the primary scavenged tailings to an ore pulp conditioner D of a second-stage scavenging unit for conditioning to obtain scavenged tailings ore pulp 20, then conveying the scavenged tailings ore pulp 20 to the flotation column E of the second-stage scavenging unit, outputting secondary scavenged tailings 22 from a bottom output end of the flotation column E of the second-stage scavenging unit, namely the finally obtained high ash tailings, and further mixing the primary scavenged cleaned coal 18 output from a top output end of the flotation column E of the first-stage scavenging unit with the secondary scavenged coal 21 output from a top output end of the flotation column E of the second-stage scavenging unit to obtain a scavenged cleaned coal mixture 23, the scavenged cleaned coal mixture 23 is fed to the ore grinding equipment F of the scavenging return branch 500, and is processed by the ore grinding equipment F to form scavenged cleaned coal ground ore slurry 24, and then the scavenged cleaned coal ground ore slurry is returned to the input end of the scavenging branch 400.
The separation method for flotation and decarburization of the gasified slag has the advantages that the particle size and carbon ash distribution characteristics of the gasified slag are utilized, the separation process of pre-classification and coarse-fine (two) and three-sweeping is adopted to realize carbon ash separation step by step, two products of low-ash refined coal and high-ash tail coal are generated in the process under the condition of low medicine consumption level, the former meets the requirement of fuel utilization on the calorific value of the refined coal, and the latter meets the requirement of gasification slag building material utilization on the loss on ignition, so that the fine and deep separation and quality separation of the gasified slag 1 are realized on the premise of ensuring the economic benefit.
Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these are merely examples and that many variations or modifications may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a separation system of gasification sediment flotation decarbonization which characterized in that, includes main feed way, choice branch road, choice backward flow branch road, scavenging branch road and scavenging backward flow branch road, wherein:
the main feeding path comprises a feeding pump, a cyclone classifying screen, a set of ore pulp conditioner and a set of flotation columns which are sequentially connected along the material conveying direction, the top output end of the flotation column in the main feeding path is connected with the input end of the selecting branch, and the bottom output end of the flotation column in the main feeding path is connected with the input end of the scavenging branch;
the concentration branch comprises at least two sets of concentration units which are sequentially connected in series in a multistage manner, each set of concentration unit comprises a set of ore pulp conditioner and a set of flotation column which are sequentially connected along the material transmission direction, and the flotation column of the previous stage of concentration unit is connected with the ore pulp conditioner of the adjacent next stage of concentration unit through the top output end of the flotation column;
the concentration return branch comprises a set of ore grinding equipment, the input end of the ore grinding equipment in the concentration return branch is connected with the bottom output ends of the flotation columns in all the concentration units, and the output end of the ore grinding equipment in the concentration return branch is connected with the input end of the concentration branch;
the scavenging branch comprises at least two sets of scavenging units which are sequentially connected in series in a multistage manner, each set of scavenging unit comprises a set of ore pulp conditioner and a set of flotation column which are sequentially connected along the material transmission direction, and the flotation column of the upper stage of scavenging unit is connected with the ore pulp conditioner of the adjacent lower stage of scavenging unit through the bottom output end of the flotation column;
the scavenging return branch comprises a set of ore grinding equipment, the input end of the ore grinding equipment in the scavenging return branch is connected with the top output ends of the flotation columns in all the scavenging units, and the output end of the ore grinding equipment in the scavenging return branch is connected with the input end of the scavenging branch.
2. The separation system for flotation and decarburization of gasified slag according to claim 1, wherein the grinding device is a rod mill, a ball mill or a stirring mill.
3. The flotation and decarburization separation system for gasified slag according to claim 1, wherein a stirring barrel is further provided at the front end of the feed pump.
4. A separation method using the separation system for flotation decarburization of gasification slag as defined in any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:
1) stirring and mixing the powdered coal gasification slag and water to obtain a mixed material, and conveying the mixed material to a cyclone classifying screen by a feeding pump;
2) processing the mixed material through a cyclone classifying screen to obtain cyclone classifying screen underflow, cyclone classifying screen overflow and undersize of low-ash coarse particles, wherein the cyclone classifying screen overflow and the undersize are mixed and then are conveyed to an ore pulp conditioner of a main feeding path for conditioning, and initial ore pulp is obtained after conditioning;
3) introducing the initial ore pulp into a flotation column in a main feeding path for roughing to obtain roughed cleaned coal, and outputting the roughed cleaned coal to a fine selection branch from a top output end of the flotation column to obtain roughed tailing coal to be output to a scavenging branch from a bottom output end of the flotation column;
4) the method comprises the following steps that (1) rough cleaned coal is sequentially treated by a fine selection unit, finally low-ash cleaned coal is obtained and output from a flotation column of the last-stage fine selection unit through the top output end of the flotation column, fine tail coal obtained after treatment of each fine selection unit is conveyed to ore grinding equipment of a fine selection backflow branch, and ore pulp obtained after fine tail coal grinding is formed after treatment of the ore grinding equipment and then flows back to the input end of the fine selection branch;
5) the selected tailings are sequentially processed by the scavenging units, high-ash tailings are finally obtained and are output by a flotation column of the last scavenging unit through the top output end of the high-ash tailings, scavenged clean coals obtained after being processed by the scavenging units are conveyed to ore grinding equipment of a scavenging backflow branch, and are processed by the ore grinding equipment to form scavenged clean coal grinding, and then ore pulp flows back to the input end of the scavenging branch.
5. The sorting method according to claim 4, wherein the pulverized gas slag and water are stirred in a stirring barrel to obtain a mixed material.
6. The sorting method according to claim 5, wherein in step) 1, the gasified slag and water are stirred and mixed at a concentration of 100-200 g/L.
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| CN110976075A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-10 | 郑州大学 | Method for extracting carbon and reducing ash by coarse grain tailing discarding and fine grain flotation of gasified slag |
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