CN114532102A

CN114532102A - Growth sampling observation device for root system of small shrub

Info

Publication number: CN114532102A
Application number: CN202210175684.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张正中; 李文兴; 李毅; 单立山; 李源; 苏世平; 种培芳; 解婷婷
Original assignee: Gansu Agricultural University
Current assignee: Gansu Agricultural University
Priority date: 2022-02-25
Filing date: 2022-02-25
Publication date: 2022-05-27

Abstract

The invention discloses a shrub root growth sampling observation device, belongs to the technical field of root growth sampling observation, and is used for solving the technical problem that an accurate sampling device needs to be adopted in an indoor or farmland control simulation experiment to meet research requirements due to the uncertainty and the incompleteness of field sampling. The device comprises a combined growth cylinder, a tray and a plurality of detection probe observation holes; the combined growth cylinder is placed on the tray, and the plurality of detection probe observation holes are arranged on the combined growth cylinder. The observation device effectively guarantees the optimal growth environment of plants such as shrubs, can better observe the growth root system of the plants, has simple structure and convenient use, can simultaneously observe the root system growth condition of one or more shrubs, improves the experimental effect and efficiency, has more visual and accurate experimental results and has high practicability.

Description

Growth sampling observation device for root system of small shrub

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of root system growth sampling observation, in particular to a device for sampling and observing growth of a shrub root system.

Background

The ecological niche separation formed by the root competition of adjacent homologous and heterologous individuals is an important way for species coexistence and biodiversity maintenance. Due to the inherent difficulty of the research of underground parts, the research of the interaction relationship among plant species from root systems is still very little, which causes some defects in the research of the interaction process among species. Studies have shown that the relationships between plant species are mainly through the competitive relationships between underground root systems and soil through physical, chemical and biological processes. In the aspects of determining competition balance, competition strength and resource utilization, the competition effect of the underground part is obviously more important than that of the overground part, and the nature of the interspecific relationship can only be known by recognizing the competition and mutualism of the species from the interaction of the underground root systems.

Root system interactions between plants are a complex physiological and ecological process. In the process, in order to adapt to the competitive environment, improve the competitive efficiency and absorb more nutrients and moisture, the root system shows obvious plasticity, and the growth of the root system, the density of the root system, the surface area of the root, the distribution space and the like are greatly changed. The most obvious effect of the root competition of the plants on the root system is to influence the distribution of the root system. A large number of researches show that root competition of the mixed forest can induce the change of the spatial distribution of the root system, and the competition of the root system on soil resources is reduced through the spatial ecological niche separation of the root system to a certain degree. Researches show that the root system deep-pricking of the European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.)) is promoted by mixing and crossing the European beech and the Norway spruce, excessive competition among the root systems is avoided, and a foundation is laid for fully utilizing water and nutrients in soil of different levels. The separation between plant roots in which mixed forests compete with each other is considered to be an important mechanism for species coexistence. Similarly, niche segregation among plant species due to root competition has been reported in a large number of crop intercropping, agroforestry complex systems, mixed-growing herbaceous, invasive species, and grass-shrub mixed-growing communities. Researches such as Cahill and the like show that the ecological niche separation of the plant root system is not only related to competitors but also has a close heterogeneous relation with the environment, and under the condition of spatially heterogeneous nutrients, the separation phenomenon of the plant root systems which compete with each other is not as obvious as that under the condition of uniform nutrients. It can be seen that niche segregation formed by root competition among plants varies with environmental conditions. However, it has been shown that since most of the water and nutrients available to plants in the soil are distributed on the surface of the soil, the plants will distribute more roots on the surface of the soil during competition and no ecological niche separation occurs.

Due to the uncertainty and incompleteness of field sampling, an accurate sampling device needs to be adopted in indoor or farmland control simulation experiments to meet the research requirements. However, no special observation and observation device specially aiming at the root growth of the shrub seedlings exists at present after retrieval. Therefore, a device for observing and observing the growth of the root system of the shrub seedling is urgently needed to meet the current observation requirement on the growth of the root system of the shrub and assist scientific research.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the defects, the invention aims to provide a device for observing growth of roots of shrubs, which can effectively observe and observe growth of roots of shrub seedlings and meet the current requirement for observing growth of roots of shrubs.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

provides a device for sampling and observing growth of roots of shrubs

The device comprises a combined growth cylinder, a tray and a plurality of detection probe observation holes;

the combined growth cylinder is placed on the tray, and the detection probe observation holes are arranged on the combined growth cylinder.

The combined growth cylinder of the device for sampling and observing the root system growth of the sandy shrubs is filled with soil, the height of the soil is 10cm lower than the top of the combined growth cylinder, the tray is made of waterproof and waterproof materials, water leakage can be effectively prevented, the root system of the shrubs can grow freely in the combined growth cylinder, the combined growth cylinder can be split into two parts according to experimental requirements, and the root system of the shrubs in the combined growth cylinder can be better observed. The growth section of thick bamboo lateral wall leaves the inspection hole and can installs test probe in a section of thick bamboo, detects soil moisture and the temperature of the different degree of depth in the combination formula growth section of thick bamboo to adjust according to the demand of experiment, the effectual best growing environment who guarantees plants such as bush, so that the better growth root system to the plant observes. The observation device is simple in structure and convenient to use, can simultaneously observe the root growth conditions of bare ground, single-plant shrubs and two-plant shrubs, improves the experiment effect and efficiency, enables the experiment result to be more visual and accurate, and has high practicability.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a device for sampling and observing the root growth of sandy shrubs according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the device for observing the root growth of the sandy shrub in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a vertical distribution of soil moisture content for different growth modes;

FIG. 4 shows the biomass of root systems of red sand and pearl root systems (a-e) and the surface area (cm-j) of root systems (f-j) generated in two years in different growth modes²) The vertical distribution of (2).

Reference numerals:

100-a combined growth cylinder; 110-a first growth chamber; 120-a second growth chamber; 130-a viewing aperture; 140-a membrane; 150-tray.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise. The meaning of "a number" is one or more unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

The first embodiment is as follows:

as shown in fig. 1 to 4 in detail, the device for sampling and observing the root growth of the sandy shrub provided by the invention comprises a combined growth cylinder 100, a tray 150 and a plurality of observation holes; the modular growth cartridge 100 is placed on the tray 150 and a plurality of viewing apertures are provided on the modular growth cartridge 100. Further, the inner diameter of the tray 150 is larger than the outer diameter of the modular growth cartridge 100, and the bottom of the modular growth cartridge 100 is placed on the tray 150.

The combined growth cylinder of the device for sampling and observing the root system growth of the sandy shrubs is filled with soil, the height of the soil is 10cm lower than the top of the combined growth cylinder, the tray is made of waterproof and waterproof materials, water leakage can be effectively prevented, the root system of the shrubs can grow freely in the combined growth cylinder, the combined growth cylinder can be split into two parts according to experimental requirements, the root system of the shrubs in the combined growth cylinder can be better observed, the arrangement of the detection probe can effectively detect the soil humidity and temperature at different depths in the combined growth cylinder and adjust according to the experimental requirements, the optimal growth environment of the plants such as the shrubs and the like is effectively ensured, and the growth root system of the plants can be better observed. The observation device is simple in structure and convenient to use, can simultaneously observe the root growth conditions of bare ground, single-plant shrubs and two-plant shrubs, improves the experiment effect and efficiency, enables the experiment result to be more visual and accurate, and has high practicability.

As an implementation, the modular growth cartridge 100 further comprises a plurality of inspection probes mounted on the modular growth cartridge 100, the inspection ends of the plurality of inspection probes being located within the modular growth cartridge 100.

The detection probe is tightly combined with the combined growth cylinder 100, so that the leakage of moisture is avoided, the growth environment of plant roots such as shrubs is ensured, and the accuracy of an experimental result is ensured.

As an embodiment, the plurality of observation holes 130 are uniformly arranged along the length direction of the modular growth cylinder 100.

The observation hole of even setting can be observed the plant roots of the different degree of depth, and the test probe of cooperation installation can effectively detect the moisture and the temperature of the different degree of depth soil to adjust the growing environment of root system.

As an example, the modular growth cartridge 100 includes a first growth chamber 110 and a second growth chamber 120; the first growth cavity 110 and the second growth cavity 120 have the same structure, and the first growth cavity 110 and the second growth cavity 120 are buckled with each other to form a cavity structure with two open ends.

The combined growth cylinder 100 composed of the first growth chamber 110 and the second growth chamber 120 can be combined and disassembled according to the experiment requirements, so that the growth condition of the root system can be effectively detected.

As an embodiment, the modular growth cartridge 100 further comprises a snap-fit device; the fastening device is installed on the first growth chamber 110 and the second growth chamber 120, and is fixed after the first growth chamber 110 and the second growth chamber 120 are fastened.

The arrangement of the fastening device enables the combination of the first growth cavity 110 and the second growth cavity 120 to be more stable, and the result of the experiment is guaranteed to a certain extent. The buckle device can be selected as a magic tape or other commercially available devices.

As an example, the modular growth cartridge 100 further includes a septum 140; the septum 140 is mounted within the modular growth cartridge 100.

The diaphragm 140 is arranged to divide the inner cavity of the combined growth cylinder 100 into two parts, so as to observe the root growth of two or more plants in the same growth cylinder.

As an embodiment, the distance between adjacent detection probes is 5cm, 10cm or 20 cm.

The detection probe adopts 5cm, 10cm or 20cm interval, can be effectual carry out all-round detection to the temperature and humidity in the growth section of thick bamboo, the effectual accuracy of guaranteeing the experimental result.

As an example, the modular growth cartridge 100 is made of PVC material.

And the PVC material is adopted, so that the processing is convenient and the purchase is easy, and the production cost is reduced.

As an embodiment, the observation device further comprises a sealing device; the sealing device is installed on the combined growth cylinder 100 or the tray 150, and seals the space between the combined growth cylinder 100 and the tray 150.

Sealing device's setting can be effectual seal the outside space between a combination formula growth section of thick bamboo 100 and tray 150, avoids the exosmosis of moisture in a closed growth section of thick bamboo and the tray 150 or the endosmosis of outside moisture, has guaranteed the accuracy of experimental result.

With the above apparatus, the following experiments were completed:

table 4-1 a detailed table of experimental design planting conditions.

The growth space of the root system is separated in the nylon separation treatment, and the water-soluble substances can be freely exchanged in the horizontal direction; the plastic film separation treatment completely separates the root systems of the two plants and does not exchange any substances. The underground parts of the same plants cannot be distinguished, the data of root systems in TR. and TS. are the sum of two plants, other treatments are one plant, and the number of repetition is 3. In each treatment, a soil moisture probe is installed on the PVC pipe except FG treatment. Soil moisture data were recorded one month before sampling began and weeds were observed and removed daily. Hereinafter, "intergrowth" specifically means intergrowth with no separation (PG), "intergrowth with nylon" is abbreviated as nylon separation (NG), "intergrowth with plastic separation" is abbreviated as plastic separation (FG); two red sands (TR.) and two pearls (TS.) are collectively referred to as TP (Two plants).

1. Precipitation infiltration and distribution observation experiment

See in detail fig. 3, vertical distribution of soil moisture content for different growth modes. Each point is the average of 20 replicates. Data were measured once daily from 1 day 10 months to 20 days 2018.

The growth of the shrub root system was recorded by observation for two complete growing seasons.

The soil moisture content in the blank control without plants (NP) averaged up to 17.35% and increased with increasing soil depth in the vertical direction (a panel). In the treatment of one plant alone (panels b and c) and two plants of the same species (panels d and e), the soil moisture is distributed irregularly with the soil depth. For pearls, the average of 16.11% for single pearl (OS.) (c) was similar to the soil moisture distribution pattern for two pearls grown together (TS.) (16.69% on average, e). For red sand, the lower water content of the soil at TR. (intraspecies interaction) averaged 14.75% (d plot), while the water content of each layer of soil in the OR treatment (a single green red sand) was the lowest of all treatments (b plot), averaging only 12.21%. Furthermore, the soil moisture distribution pattern in the blend (PG) (f plot) and nylon split (NP) (g plot) treatments was the same as in the case of the blank control, but at a lower level.

2. Layered observation experiment for shrub growth

See figure 4 in detail, the vertical distribution of root biomass of the two-year red sand and pearl root systems (a-e) and root surface area (f-j) (cm2) under different growth modes. The dots represent the average value (repetition number 3) for each treatment. The data for Two plants (Two plants) are the sum of the Two plants, the others are data for individual plants.

When the red sand grows alone (Single Growth), the root biomass of the red sand increases along with the increase of the soil depth, reaches the maximum at 6.19g of a soil layer of 10-20cm, and then decreases (a picture). Other treatments comprise pairing of two plants of the same kind (a picture b), mixed growth (a picture c), nylon separation (a picture d) and plastic film separation (a picture e), and the biomass of the red sand root system is uniformly distributed in the vertical direction in the soil layer. The biomass of the root system of the two treatments, namely mixed growth (figure c) and mixed growth nylon separation (figure d), is smaller. The biomass of the root system of the pearl is also vertically and uniformly distributed in the soil layer. Wherein: the biomass of the root system of the surface layer (0-10cm) and the bottom layer (70-80cm) of three treatments, namely, the pearl growth (a picture), the two pearls (b picture) and the plastic film separation (e picture) is larger. While the change in root surface area shows different trends (f, g, h, i, and j). The surface areas of the red sand and the pearl root have similar change trends and are increased along with the increase of the depth. The root surface area of both plants was smaller in both treatments of mixed growth (PG) and nylon partitioning (NG). Furthermore, the root distribution patterns of red sand and pearls are very similar under interspecies interaction (PG, NG) conditions (panel i). In general, the vertical distribution pattern of the root system is similar under three modes of single plant (OR. and OS.), two same plants (TR. and TS.) and plastic film separation (FG); the vertical distribution mode of the mixed-growth undivided (PG) and mixed-growth nylon divided (NG) root systems is similar.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention, for example: the valve blade pattern is feasible by adopting other blade patterns on the premise of not influencing the implementation of the test process. It is intended that the present invention cover the modifications and variations of this invention provided they come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A device for sampling and observing growth of a root system of a shrub is characterized by comprising a combined growth cylinder, a tray and a plurality of observation holes;

the combined growth cylinder is placed on the tray, and the observation holes are formed in the combined growth cylinder.

2. The device for sampling and observing root growth of undersea shrubs as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a plurality of inspection probe observation holes, wherein a plurality of inspection probes are installed on the observation holes and the combined growth cylinder, and the inspection ends of the inspection probes are located in the combined growth cylinder.

3. The device for sampling and observing root growth of undersea shrubs as claimed in claim 2, wherein the plurality of observation holes are uniformly arranged along the length direction of the combined growth cylinder.

4. The sandy shrub root growth sampling viewing device of claim 1, wherein the modular growth cartridge comprises a first growth chamber and a second growth chamber;

the first growth cavity and the second growth cavity are identical in structure, and the first growth cavity and the second growth cavity are mutually buckled to form a cavity structure with two open ends.

5. The sandy shrub root system growth sampling observation device of claim 4, wherein the combined growth cylinder further comprises a snap-fit device;

the buckle device is installed on first growth chamber with on the second growth chamber first growth chamber with fix after the second growth chamber lock.

6. The sandy shrub root growth sampling viewing device of claim 4, wherein the combined growth cartridge further comprises a membrane;

the diaphragm is arranged in the combined growth cylinder.

7. The device for sampling and observing root growth of sandy shrubs as claimed in claim 1, wherein the distance between adjacent detection probes is 5cm, 10cm or 20 cm.

8. The device for sampling and observing root growth of sandy shrubs as claimed in claim 1, wherein the combined growth cylinder is made of PVC material.

9. The sandy shrub root growth sampling observation device of claim 1, wherein the observation device further comprises a sealing device;

the sealing device is arranged on the combined growth cylinder or the tray and seals the space between the combined growth cylinder and the tray.