CN114529101A - Healthy river ecosystem construction method based on water ecological function partition - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a healthy river ecosystem construction method based on water ecological function partition, which comprises the following steps: determining all levels of rivers in the target watershed and watersheds corresponding to all levels of rivers through an ArcGIS module based on DEM data of the target watershed, and taking the (i + 1) th level of river watershed as a partition basic unit of the ith level of water ecological functional partition; acquiring natural geographical driving factor data and partition characterization index data of an i + 1-th level river basin; performing cluster analysis on natural geographical driving factor data and partition characterization index data of each i + 1-level river basin in the target basin to obtain partitions on the i-level water ecological function partition; acquiring watershed ecological health index data of each subarea on the ith-level water ecological function subarea, and evaluating the health condition of each subarea on the ith-level water ecological function subarea; and (3) setting ecological restoration measures of different levels based on the health condition of each subarea and the level of the water ecological function subarea corresponding to the subarea, and constructing a healthy river ecological system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a healthy river ecosystem construction method based on water ecological function zoning. The method is suitable for the technical field of comprehensive management and ecological restoration of drainage basins.
Background
Restoration of the damaged river ecosystem and sustainable management of rivers are currently the focus of international widespread attention. River ecosystem restoration is developed in many areas in China, but due to the lack of accurate understanding of river ecological environment problems, systematic and hierarchical characteristics of influencing factors and deep consideration of river restoration targets of different scales, the existing river management and management activities usually follow the traditional planning and management concepts and technical methods, most of the existing river management and management activities still stay at the level of water pollution control and 'engineering' river management to meet the functional requirements of river flood control, landscape and the like, and the differences and the understanding of different scale levels are lacked, so that the river water environment comprehensive improvement and ecological restoration effects are not obvious.
Human interference factors cause interference and destruction to the river natural system, and human activities are interfered in the river basin and different scales of the river, and the ecological environment problem of the damaged river and the influence factors thereof are further complicated and diversified due to the synergistic effect of human and the river natural process. To effectively promote the health improvement of the river ecosystem and realize human-water and harmonious development, the river health water ecosystem construction method at different scale levels, which can be used for guiding practice treatment and sustainable management, needs to be systematically analyzed and constructed.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the existing problems, a healthy river ecosystem construction method based on water ecological function subareas is provided.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a healthy river ecosystem construction method based on water ecological function partitions is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining all levels of rivers and river basins corresponding to all levels of rivers in the target river basin through an ArcGIS hydrological module based on DEM data of the target river basin, and taking the (i + 1) th level of river basin as a partition basic unit of the ith level of water ecological function partition, wherein i is 1, 2 and 3;
acquiring natural geographical driving factor data and partition characterization index data of an i + 1-th level river basin, wherein the natural geographical driving factor data and the partition characterization index data of the i + 1-th level river basin are determined according to a partition purpose and a partition principle of an i-th level water ecological function partition;
performing cluster analysis on natural geographical driving factor data and partition characterization index data of each i + 1-level river basin in the target basin to obtain partitions on the i-level water ecological function partition;
acquiring watershed ecological health index data of each subarea on the ith-level water ecological function subarea, and evaluating the health condition of each subarea on the ith-level water ecological function subarea;
and (3) setting ecological restoration measures of different levels based on the health condition of each subarea and the level of the water ecological function subarea corresponding to the subarea, and constructing a healthy river ecological system.
The purpose and principle of the partition of the ith-level water ecological function partition comprise:
the first-stage water ecological function is partitioned, and the health difference of the water ecological system on a large scale is reflected;
the second-stage water ecological function is partitioned, and the river type and function difference under the influence of land utilization on the scale of the river gallery and the river structure is reflected;
and the third-level water ecological function is divided into zones, and the types and the function differences of the river habitat of different river sections are reflected.
The zone characterization indexes of the first-stage water ecological function zone comprise runoff depth, surface water capacity and water network density.
The method for performing cluster analysis on the natural geographical driving factor data and the partition characterization index data of each i + 1-th level river basin in the target basin to obtain partitions on the i-th level water ecological function partition comprises the following steps:
carrying out space standardization and dimensionless treatment on the natural geographic driving factor data and the partition characterization index data of each partition basic unit on the ith-level water ecological function partition;
fusing respective geographic driving factor data and partition characterization index data of the partition basic units as wave bands by using ENVI software, and performing cluster analysis on the fusion results of the basic units on the same-level water ecological function partitions by using an ISODATA fuzzy clustering method;
performing clustering inspection by using goodness-of-fit index analysis, and identifying an optimal clustering result to obtain a primary partition of each stage of water ecological function partition;
and adjusting the basin with inconsistent attributions in each level of water ecological function subareas according to the natural geographic driving factors and the dominant influence factors in the subarea representation indexes on the basis of principles such as zone conjugation, and finishing subareas.
The method for adjusting the basin with inconsistent attributions in all levels of water ecological function partitions according to the natural geographic driving factors and the dominant influence factors in the partition characterization indexes comprises the following steps: and performing secondary clustering analysis by using an ISODATA fuzzy clustering method based on the dominant influence factors.
The ecological health indexes of the watershed comprise water quality physicochemical indexes, water quality nutritive salt indexes, periphytic algae indexes and benthic organism indexes.
The ecological restoration measures of different levels are formulated based on the health condition of each subarea and the level of the water ecological function subarea corresponding to the subarea, and the ecological restoration measures comprise the following steps:
in the first-stage water ecological function partition, the ecological process of the drainage basin is focused; in the second-stage water ecological function partition, the three-dimensional connectivity of the river channel is mainly recovered; in the third-level water ecological function partition, the local natural form recovery of the river reach is mainly considered.
A healthy river ecosystem who constructs device based on water ecological function subregion, its characterized in that includes:
the basic data processing module is used for determining all levels of rivers and river basins corresponding to all levels in the target flow field through the ArcGIS hydrological module based on DEM data of the target flow field, and taking the (i + 1) th level of river flow field as a partition basic unit of the ith level of water ecological function partition, wherein i is 1, 2 and 3;
the relevant data acquisition module is used for acquiring natural geographical driving factor data and partition characterization index data of the (i + 1) th level river basin, and the natural geographical driving factor and the partition characterization index of the (i + 1) th level river basin are determined according to the partition purpose and principle of the (i) th level water ecological function partition;
each level of partition processing module is used for carrying out cluster analysis on the natural geographical driving factor data and partition characterization index data of each i +1 level river basin in the target basin to obtain partitions on the i level water ecological function partition;
the subarea condition evaluation module is used for acquiring watershed ecological health index data of each subarea on the ith-level water ecological function subarea and evaluating the health condition of each subarea on the ith-level water ecological function subarea;
and the restoration measure making module is used for making ecological restoration measures of different levels based on the health condition of each subarea and the level of the water ecological function subarea corresponding to the subarea to construct a healthy river ecosystem.
A storage medium having stored thereon a computer program executable by a processor, the computer program comprising: the computer program is executed to realize the steps of the method for constructing the healthy river ecosystem based on the aquatic ecological function partition.
A healthy river ecosystem building apparatus based on water ecological function partition, having a memory and a processor, the memory having stored thereon a computer program executable by the processor, characterized in that: the computer program is executed to realize the steps of the method for constructing the healthy river ecosystem based on the aquatic ecological function partition.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention makes it possible to recognize the health restoration sequence and rule of the river water ecological system through the method and the influencing factors for systematically managing the river ecological restoration and construction at different levels and the action mechanism between the river system construction and the complex influencing factors.
The invention can correspondingly induce the effect and the implementation sequence of external measures in the construction and the restoration of the river ecosystem by analyzing the response relation among the internal physical, chemical, biological and other components of the river system at different scales, and introduces and determines an effective method according to the effect and the implementation sequence, thereby being beneficial to adopting the restoration technology and the measures for coordinating the contradiction between the river service function and the ecological function. The method is favorable for pertinently solving the problem of restoring river water ecosystems with different scales, promoting the systematic and integral construction of the river channel ecosystem, and finally promoting the health recovery of the river water ecosystem, and has important practical significance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment.
Detailed Description
Example 1: the embodiment is a healthy river ecosystem construction method based on water ecological function subareas, which specifically comprises the following steps:
and S1, determining each level of river in the target river basin and river basins corresponding to each level of river in the target river basin through the spatial analysis processes of depression-free DEM generation, confluence cumulant calculation, water flow length calculation, river network extraction, river basin segmentation and the like through the ArcGIS hydrological module based on the DEM data of the target river basin.
In this embodiment, the i +1 th-level river basin is used as a partition basic unit of the i-th-level water ecological functional partition, and i is 1, 2 and 3. If the primary subarea is based on the secondary river basin in the basin as the division basis, the secondary subarea is based on the tertiary river basin in the basin as the basis, and the like.
And S2, acquiring natural geographic driving factor data and partition characterization index data of each level of basic units.
In the example, the natural geographic driving factor and the subarea representation index of the i +1 th level river basin are determined according to the subarea purpose and principle of the i-th level water ecological function subarea.
In this example, determining the partitioning targets and principles at different scale levels includes: identifying the characteristics, structure, process, function and service of the water ecological system of the target basin, developing water ecological function partition research according to the water ecological function difference of different scale areas, and determining partition targets and principles. Based on water environment research data, basic geographic space data and related literature data, by analyzing characteristics of watershed water ecological characteristics, water environment characteristics, social and economic characteristics, regional environment elements and non-regional environment elements, partition targets and principles of watershed water ecological function partitions with different scale levels are determined.
In the watershed water ecological function partition system of the embodiment, the primary partition belongs to a partition on a watershed scale and reflects the spatial differentiation rule of natural environmental factors such as regional landform, climate, hydrology, vegetation and the like of a water ecological system; the secondary zone is a river corridor scale, reflects river type and function difference under the influence of land utilization, river structure and the like on the scale of a water collecting zone, and the tertiary zone reflects river habitat type and function difference on the scale of a river reach.
And S3, performing cluster analysis on the natural geographical driving factor data and the partition characterization index data of each i + 1-level river basin in the target basin to obtain partitions on the i-level water ecological function partition.
S31, carrying out space standardization and dimensionless treatment on the natural geographic driving factor data and the partition characterization index data of each partition basic unit on the ith-level water ecological function partition, wherein the aim of the space standardization treatment is to enable all index layers to have the same pixel size;
s32, fusing respective geographic driving factor data and partition characterization index data of the partition basic units as wave bands by using ENVI software, and performing cluster analysis on the fusion results of the basic units on the same-level water ecological function partition by using an ISODATA fuzzy clustering method;
s33, performing clustering test by using goodness-of-fit index analysis, and identifying an optimal clustering result to obtain a primary partition of each level of water ecological function partition;
and S34, adjusting the watersheds with inconsistent attributions in all levels of water ecological function partitions according to the natural geographic driving factors and the dominant influence factors in the partition characterization indexes based on the principles of region conjugation and the like (performing secondary clustering analysis by using an ISODATA fuzzy clustering method based on the dominant influence factors), and completing the partitioning.
S4, acquiring watershed ecological health index data of each subarea on the ith-level water ecological function subarea, and evaluating the health condition of each subarea on the ith-level water ecological function subarea, wherein the watershed ecological health indexes comprise water quality physicochemical indexes, water quality nutritive salt indexes, periphytic algae indexes, benthic organism indexes and the like.
And (4) setting a sampling section in the flow domain, wherein the investigation indexes comprise a water chemical sample, algae, large benthonic animals and the like. And selecting indexes capable of reflecting the states of water body chemistry, aquatic organisms and the like as indexes for evaluating the water ecological health. The physical and chemical indexes and nutrient salt indexes of the water body refer to the quality standard of surface water environment (GB3838-2002), the reference value refers to the I standard of the surface water, the critical value refers to the IV standard of the surface water, and the conductivity refers to the existing watershed evaluation standard. In the aquatic organism evaluation index, 95% quantiles are used as a classification unit number reference value, 5% quantiles are used as a critical value, the numbers of the periphytic algae are 41 and 6.55 respectively, the numbers of the large benthic animals are 12 and 1, the expected value of the periphytic algae diversity index is 3, and the threshold value is 0. The dominance index is normalized to 95% and 5%. The expected values and thresholds for the zoobenthos EPT scientific classification unit ratio index and the BNWP index are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 health assessment index expectation and threshold for water ecosystem of a certain basin
In the evaluation indexes of the health condition of the water ecosystem, the functions of dissolved oxygen (water quality) and ammonia nitrogen (nutritive salt) in the river health are very important, when the dissolved oxygen is 0(DO is less than or equal to 2mg/L) or the ammonia nitrogen value is 0 (NH3-N is more than or equal to 2mg/L), namely, the water body is considered to be in an anoxic or aerobic pollution serious state, the water ecosystem is in a collapse edge, and the total component 0 of the factor is directly specified without considering the conditions of other indexes.
The watershed comprehensive score is (water quality physicochemical score + nutritive salt score + periphyton score + zoobenthos score + fish score)/5. And according to the comprehensive score of the health index, performing watershed health grade division. The river health condition is divided into five grades of excellent, good, common, poor and extremely poor according to the equal division principle. The score is 0.8-1, 0.6-0.8, 0.4-0.6, 0.2-0.4, 0-0.4 and 0.2, respectively. Identifying the existing ecological problems according to the evaluation results of the ecological health conditions of different subareas, determining quantitative ecological restoration targets of different stages, such as good or excellent, and carrying out top-level planning and design of the construction of the ecological system of the healthy water
In the embodiment, the comprehensive evaluation of the basic water body physicochemical property, nutritive salt, algae and large benthonic animals of the watershed is obtained, the comprehensive evaluation score of the watershed is 0.52, the excellent and good proportion is 0.5% and 29.5% respectively, 1/4 which exceeds all sampling points is obtained, the general proportion is 49.8%, and the poor and excellent proportion accounts for 18.9% and 1.4%, which indicates that the whole health of the whole water ecosystem of the watershed is in a general state, only one subarea water ecosystem in a secondary subarea is in a good state, and the health of the rest subarea water ecosystems is in a general state; 26 of the 29 tertiary zones have normal water ecological health status, and only 3 tertiary zones have good water ecological health status.
S5, making ecological restoration measures of different levels based on the health condition of each subarea and the water ecological function subarea level corresponding to the subarea, and constructing a healthy river ecological system.
When establishing construction measures of a healthy river ecosystem, ecological problems in different zones are identified based on different water ecological function zones and health condition evaluation, and classified strategies are applied in the aspects of water safety guarantee, water resource allocation, water environment improvement, water ecological restoration, intelligent water management and the like.
Specific engineering measures are made from the aspects of water safety guarantee, water resource allocation, water environment improvement, water ecological restoration, intelligent water management and the like aiming at different scales of water ecological function partitions. In the primary subarea (watershed scale), the watershed ecological process such as land utilization type and structure, water and soil conservation, water pollution control, nutrition and organic matter migration and the like is focused; the three-dimensional connectivity of the river channel is mainly restored in the secondary subarea (the dimension of the river corridor), the construction of a riverbank wetland and a river flood plain, the protection and restoration of fish habitat, the cascade ecological scheduling of a river basin and the like are developed; the three-level subarea (river reach scale) mainly considers the restoration of the local natural form of the river reach, improves the water quality through sediment dredging, optimal arrangement of a drain outlet and the like, develops the construction of aquatic vegetation, and improves the biodiversity.
In a first-level subarea (river basin scale), problems are mainly identified from large-scale layers such as different land utilization types, and corresponding measures are taken, for example, for a farmland-plain river area, the water quality physicochemical evaluation, nutritive salt evaluation and algae evaluation are high, but the benthonic animal evaluation is low, the area is mainly plain areas, the agriculture is developed, the agricultural non-point source treatment is emphasized, and the agricultural non-point source treatment is enhanced to guarantee the water quality by removing various sewage outlets; for a forest-mountain river, the ecological health condition is in a good state, the evaluation values of all indexes of the area are high, but the water and soil loss is serious, a strategy of grading, partitioning and segmenting is adopted for the area, policy measures are pertinently taken for river water areas which are interfered by human beings and have ecological system degradation, a recovery project is implemented, the water quality pollution and the water eutrophication are controlled, the industrial structure is adjusted, meanwhile, the forest land is protected, and the water and soil conservation is enhanced; for marsh wetlands, lakes and plain rivers, a large number of dam cofferdams are arranged along the banks of the rivers, so that water safety and water resource allocation are affected, dam cofferdams blocking water flows and the like are broken through, and the integrated hydrological pattern of the rivers, the lakes and the marshes is restored.
In the secondary subarea (river corridor scale), under the influence of artificial interference, the overall ecological health conditions of different rivers generally tend to be consistent, and the riparian zone state, the river morphology, nutrient salts and the like have no obvious difference, but biological indexes such as the periphytic algae and the large benthic invertebrates show obvious difference, which is mainly because the biological health conditions of different rivers are greatly different due to the influences of riparian land utilization, the damage of the river morphology structure, the eutrophication of water bodies, the bottom mud pollution and the like. In ecological restoration of different rivers, the three-dimensional connectivity of the rivers is emphasized, the longitudinal communication of the rivers is improved through reservoir dam reconstruction and ecological flow scheduling, the transverse communication of the rivers is restored through river bank wetland and river flood plain construction, river bank vegetation construction and the like, material exchange is enhanced, the protection and restoration of fish habitats and spawning sites are enhanced through measures such as trunk and branch protection, water quality improvement measures are adopted, the use amount of pesticides and chemical fertilizers is controlled, and eutrophication is controlled.
In a three-level partition (river reach scale), based on different river reach forms and habitat type differences, the natural form of a river is restored through sediment dredging and cross-vertical section reconstruction, the landform of the river is improved, the construction of aquatic vegetation is enhanced, and the functions of water quality improvement and biodiversity improvement are considered; the management of the sewage draining port is enhanced, the setting and the discharging mode of the sewage draining port are optimized, the water quality of a local river reach is improved, and the standard of a water functional area is met.
The embodiment also provides a healthy river ecosystem construction device based on the water ecological function partition, which comprises a basic data processing module, a related data acquisition module, all-level partition processing modules, a partition condition evaluation module and a restoration measure making module.
In the embodiment, the basic data processing module is used for determining each level of river and river corresponding to each level of river in the target flow field through the ArcGIS hydrological module based on DEM data of the target flow field, and taking the (i + 1) th level of river flow field as a partition basic unit of the ith level of water ecological function partition, wherein i is 1, 2 and 3.
The related data acquisition module is used for acquiring natural geographic driving factor data and partition characterization index data of the (i + 1) th level river basin, and the natural geographic driving factor and the partition characterization index of the (i + 1) th level river basin are determined according to the partition purpose and principle of the (i) th level water ecological function partition.
And each level of partition processing module is used for carrying out cluster analysis on the natural geographical driving factor data and the partition characterization index data of each i +1 level river basin in the target basin to obtain partitions on the i level water ecological function partition.
The subarea condition evaluation module is used for acquiring watershed ecological health index data of each subarea on the ith-level water ecological function subarea and evaluating the health condition of each subarea on the ith-level water ecological function subarea.
The restoration measure making module is used for making ecological restoration measures of different levels based on the health condition of each subarea and the level of the water ecological function subarea corresponding to the subarea, and constructing a healthy river ecological system.
The present embodiment also provides a storage medium having stored thereon a computer program executable by a processor, the computer program when executed implementing the steps of the method for constructing a healthy river ecosystem based on water ecological functional zones.
The embodiment also provides a healthy river ecosystem building device based on the water ecological function partition, which comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory is stored with a computer program capable of being executed by the processor, and the computer program realizes the steps of the healthy river ecosystem building method based on the water ecological function partition in the embodiment.
Example 2: the present embodiment is substantially the same as embodiment 1, and the difference is only that the partitioning of the present embodiment includes:
the purpose of the first-level and second-level water ecological function partition is as follows: the first-level water ecological function partition reflects heterogeneity of water resource space distribution on a large scale by determining a hydrological water resource function as a partition target, specifically reflects regional difference of large-scale habitats under the same aquatic ecosystem, and fully reflects difference characteristics of fish biodiversity in terms of the first-level water ecological function partition of the Huaihe river basin; the secondary water ecological function partition reflects the spatial heterogeneity of the ecological characteristics of the habitat of the organisms by determining the function of the habitat of the organisms as a partition target.
When the primary zoning objective of the water ecological function is to reflect the heterogeneity of the spatial distribution characteristics of water resources, the runoff depth, the surface water capacity, the water network density and the like are selected as zoning indexes; and when the water ecological function secondary partition aims at reflecting the health difference of the watershed water ecological system, selecting river channel morphology, soil erosion modulus and fish IBI indexes as characterization indexes to partition.
A secondary water ecological function partitioning principle: the method mainly comprises a genesis principle, a conjugation principle, a similarity and difference principle, an integrity principle, an ecosystem grading principle, a multi-scale principle, a sustainable development and prospective principle, a practical and feasible principle and a management combination principle. The method is characterized in that a genesis principle, a conjugation principle, a grading principle, a multi-scale principle and the like are mainly determined by the characteristics of a basin, and the method aims at solving the zoning problem and is a fundamental principle of water ecological function zoning; the regionality dissimilarity principle, the integrity principle, the similarity and the difference principle are determined by the regionality and the integrity of the region unit, and the purpose is to determine the region boundary.
Based on the purpose and principle of the partition, selecting appropriate partition characterization indexes and natural geographic driving factors according to the water ecological function partition requirements of different levels, thereby establishing a second-level partition index system of the water ecological function of the Huaihe river basin, as shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 first-level and second-level zoning index system for water ecological functions in Huaihe river basin
Based on data results collected by data collection, ecological investigation and the like, all index data are subjected to spatial dispersion based on the partition basic units by using a GIS spatial analysis technical method to form a partition characterization index and driving factor spatial distribution map based on the partition basic units. The primary partition uses a secondary sub-basin as a basic unit, and the secondary partition uses a tertiary sub-basin as a basic unit.
Sequencing analysis is carried out between the driving factors and the characterization indexes which influence the functions of the watershed water ecosystem, and the leading factors which influence the characterization indexes on different scales are identified. In the primary subarea, the indexes such as climate (average air temperature over years, average precipitation over years), terrain (average elevation and height difference), soil (saturated water capacity), hydrogeology (permeability coefficient), vegetation (average NDVI index over years) and the indexes are respectively subjected to CCA analysis, and the dominant influence factor of each index is found out. In the secondary subarea, typical correlation analysis (CCA) is respectively carried out on climate (average air temperature of many years, average precipitation of many years, average sunshine hours of many years, average accumulated temperature of more than 10 ℃ of many years), terrain (average elevation, elevation difference, surface roughness, surface relief degree, terrain cutting depth, gradient and slope length), soil (soil erosion factor), land coverage (land utilization intensity) and vegetation (average NDVI index of many years) as driving factors and characterization indexes to find out a leading influence factor of each characterization index.
Respectively carrying out spatial standardization and dimensionless treatment on the characterization indexes of different levels, wherein the aim of the spatial standardization treatment is to unify the pixel sizes of all the index layers; and then, fusing three partition indexes of different levels respectively serving as three wave bands by using ENVI software, sequentially clustering the three partition indexes into 2-9 classes by using an ISODATA fuzzy clustering method, further performing clustering inspection by using goodness-of-fit index analysis, and identifying an optimal clustering result to obtain a preliminary water ecological function partition.
Based on the principles of region conjugation and the like, according to the identified dominant influence factor of the characterization index, the inconsistent sub-basin attribution of each partition map layer is adjusted (ISODATA clustering-secondary clustering of the dominant influence factor) to complete partitioning.
When the water ecological function partition is carried out, according to the selected partition index, the basin water ecological function primary partition is firstly carried out, and the water ecological function secondary partition is carried out in the divided primary partition.
Claims (8)
1. A healthy river ecosystem construction method based on water ecological function partitions is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining each level of representation indexes and natural geographic driving factors according to the partition requirements of different levels based on partition targets and principles of different scale levels predetermined by a target basin;
obtaining ecological function partitions of different levels of the target drainage basin by analyzing the characterization indexes corresponding to the basic units of the partitions of different levels of the target drainage basin;
carrying out water ecosystem investigation, screening evaluation indexes of health conditions of the watershed ecosystem, determining reference values and critical values of the evaluation indexes, standardizing the indexes, and calculating comprehensive scores of the health conditions of the water ecosystem of the ecological function partitions at different levels by analyzing influence factors and driving factors of the ecological function partitions at different levels of the target watershed;
selecting a restoration reference point based on the health condition comprehensive scores of different levels of ecological function partitions, determining an ecological restoration target, and developing a top-level planning design for the construction of a healthy water ecological system;
according to the comprehensive score of the health condition of the river basin, ecological restoration measures with different scales are made by combining the ecological service function requirements of the river corridor and the river ecological system is constructed.
2. The method for constructing a healthy river ecosystem based on aquatic ecological function partitions, according to claim 1, wherein the partition targets and principles of different scale levels comprise:
the first-level functional partition belongs to a partition on a drainage basin scale and reflects the spatial differentiation rule of natural environment factors;
the secondary function subarea belongs to a subarea on the scale of a river gallery, and reflects river type and function difference under the influence of land utilization, river structure and the like on the scale of a water collecting area;
and the three-level functional subarea belongs to a subarea on a river reach scale and reflects the river habitat type and functional difference on the river reach scale.
3. The method for constructing a healthy river ecosystem based on water ecological function partitions according to claim 2, wherein the obtaining of the ecological function partitions of the target basin at different levels by analyzing the characterization indexes corresponding to the basic units of the partitions of the target basin at different levels comprises:
respectively carrying out spatial standardization and non-dimensionalization on the characterization indexes corresponding to the basic units of the partitions at different levels of the target basin, wherein the goal of the spatial standardization is to make all index layers have uniform pixel size;
performing cluster analysis on the partition characterization indexes processed by the partition basic units with different levels to obtain primary ecological function partitions with different levels of the target watershed;
and adjusting the inconsistent partition basic unit attribution in each level of partition according to the principle of region conjugation and the like and the identified leading influence factor of the characterization index to complete the partition so as to obtain the ecological function partitions of different levels of the target basin.
4. The method for constructing a healthy river ecosystem based on aquatic ecological function partition according to claim 3, wherein the target basin is divided into basic units in different levels, and the basic units comprise:
the basic unit of the primary function subarea is divided by a secondary river in the target river basin; basic units of the secondary function subareas are divided according to a tertiary river in a target river basin; basic units of the three-level functional partition are divided by four-level rivers in the target river basin.
5. The method for constructing a healthy river ecosystem based on aquatic ecological function partition according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the evaluation indexes of the health condition of the ecological system comprise water quality physicochemical index, nutrient salt, algae, benthic index and fish index.
6. The method for constructing a healthy river ecosystem based on aquatic ecological function partition according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
when the dissolved oxygen in the indexes of water quality, physical and chemical properties and nutritive salt is 0 or the ammonia nitrogen value is 0, the water body is considered to be in an anoxic or aerobic pollution serious state, the water ecological system is in a collapse edge, and the total component 0 of the factor is directly specified without considering the conditions of other indexes.
7. The method for constructing a healthy river ecosystem based on aquatic ecological function partition according to claim 2, wherein the step of establishing ecological restoration measures with different scales according to the comprehensive scores of the health conditions of the river basin and the ecological service function requirements of the river galleries to construct the healthy river ecosystem comprises the following steps:
specific engineering measures are made according to water safety guarantee, water resource allocation, water environment improvement, water ecological restoration and intelligent water management aiming at different water ecological function partitions.
8. The method for constructing a healthy river ecosystem according to the aquatic ecological function partition, wherein the step of establishing ecological restoration measures with different scales according to the comprehensive scores of the health conditions of the river basin and the ecological service function requirements of the river galleries comprises the following steps:
in the first-level functional partition, the ecological process of the drainage basin is focused; in the secondary function subarea, the three-dimensional connectivity of the river channel is mainly restored, the construction of a riverbank wetland and a river flood plain, the protection and restoration of fish habitat and the cascade ecological scheduling of a drainage basin are carried out; in the three-level functional partition, the local natural form restoration of a river reach is mainly considered, and the water quality is improved, the aquatic vegetation construction is developed and the biodiversity is improved through the optimized arrangement of bottom sediment dredging and a sewage discharge outlet.
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| CN116681214A (en) * | 2023-07-26 | 2023-09-01 | 四川省生态环境科学研究院 | Method for selecting and constructing ecological reference points of disturbed wading river water |
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| CN116433041A (en) * | 2023-02-17 | 2023-07-14 | 广州珠科院工程勘察设计有限公司 | Integrated treatment method and system for small-basin water ecology |
| CN116433041B (en) * | 2023-02-17 | 2024-04-05 | 广州珠科院工程勘察设计有限公司 | Integrated treatment method and system for small-basin water ecology |
| CN116681214A (en) * | 2023-07-26 | 2023-09-01 | 四川省生态环境科学研究院 | Method for selecting and constructing ecological reference points of disturbed wading river water |
| CN116681214B (en) * | 2023-07-26 | 2023-10-31 | 四川省生态环境科学研究院 | Method for selecting and constructing ecological reference points of disturbed wading river water |
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