CN114526552A - Hypersonic flow field heating device and heating method - Google Patents
Hypersonic flow field heating device and heating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114526552A CN114526552A CN202111640874.XA CN202111640874A CN114526552A CN 114526552 A CN114526552 A CN 114526552A CN 202111640874 A CN202111640874 A CN 202111640874A CN 114526552 A CN114526552 A CN 114526552A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H3/00—Air heaters
- F24H3/02—Air heaters with forced circulation
- F24H3/04—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element
- F24H3/0405—Air heaters with forced circulation the air being in direct contact with the heating medium, e.g. electric heating element using electric energy supply, e.g. the heating medium being a resistive element; Heating by direct contact, i.e. with resistive elements, electrodes and fins being bonded together without additional element in-between
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/02—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces
- F16J15/06—Sealings between relatively-stationary surfaces with solid packing compressed between sealing surfaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/02—Casings; Cover lids; Ornamental panels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/18—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means
- F24H9/1854—Arrangement or mounting of grates or heating means for air heaters
- F24H9/1863—Arrangement or mounting of electric heating means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H9/00—Details
- F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24H9/2064—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for air heaters
- F24H9/2071—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for air heaters using electrical energy supply
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
- H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H2250/00—Electrical heat generating means
- F24H2250/02—Resistances
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Pipe Accessories (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a hypersonic flow field heating device and a hypersonic flow field heating method, and the hypersonic flow field heating device comprises a pressure-bearing pipeline, wherein a first flange and a second flange are fixedly assembled at two ends of the pressure-bearing pipeline respectively, an electric heating installation seat is arranged at the sealing surface of the first flange, a special-shaped octagonal pad is arranged at the sealing surface of the second flange, an inner flow channel pipe is arranged inside the pressure-bearing pipeline, one end of the inner flow channel pipe is fixedly connected with the electric heating installation seat, the other end of the inner flow channel pipe extends into the pressure-bearing pipeline and is assembled with the special-shaped octagonal pad, an electric heating pipe is arranged outside the inner flow channel pipe and is fixedly installed on the electric heating installation seat, and one end of the electric heating pipe penetrates out of the outer circumferential surface of the electric heating installation seat. The device adopts the combined structure of the electric heating mounting seat, the inner runner pipe and the special-shaped octagonal cushion, thereby ensuring the heating efficiency, realizing the flowing form without influencing the internal flow field of the heating pipeline, and providing the electric heating device convenient for mounting under the condition of high precision requirement of the flow field.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pipeline heating, in particular to a hypersonic flow field heating device and a hypersonic flow field heating method.
Background
The pipeline heater uses electricity as the energy to high-efficient durable electric heating element is heating element, converts the electric energy into heat energy, and the rethread medium transmission's mode is with heat transfer for the medium that needs the heating, can heat the heating medium to predetermined required temperature rapidly, and heating temperature is adjustable controllable, and heating temperature remains throughout in the scope of safe rated value. The conventional electric heater for pipeline includes two types, one is to heat the outside of the pipeline and to introduce heat into the medium in the pipeline through the pipe wall, and the other is to provide a heating device in the inside of the pipeline, but there are problems in both of the two types:
1. by adopting the external heating mode of the pipeline, although the flowing of the medium in the pipeline is not influenced, the heating efficiency is low, the energy consumption is high, and the occasions with high requirements cannot be met;
2. the mode that the heating device is arranged in the pipe is adopted, and the interior of the pipe into which the heating device is directly inserted generates certain disturbance to the flowing of media in the pipe, so that the stability of a flow field is influenced.
Therefore, a new heater for a pipeline needs to be provided under the condition that the requirements on heating efficiency and flow field stability are high (such as a hypersonic flow field) in the occasions needing heating.
Disclosure of Invention
The applicant aims at the defects that the external pipeline heater in the prior art is low in heating efficiency, the internal pipeline heater is complex in structure and inconvenient to install and influences a medium flow field in a pipeline, and provides a hypersonic flow field heating device with a reasonable structure.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a hypersonic flow field heating device comprises a pressure-bearing pipeline, wherein a heat-insulating layer is arranged outside the pressure-bearing pipeline, a first flange and a second flange are fixedly assembled at two ends of the pressure-bearing pipeline respectively, an electric heating mounting seat is arranged at the sealing surface of the first flange, a special-shaped octagonal pad is arranged at the sealing surface of the second flange, an inner flow channel pipe is arranged inside the pressure-bearing pipeline, one end of the inner flow channel pipe is fixedly connected with the electric heating mounting seat, the other end of the inner flow channel pipe extends into the pressure-bearing pipeline and is assembled with the special-shaped octagonal pad, an electric heating pipe is arranged outside the inner flow channel pipe and is fixedly installed on the electric heating mounting seat, one end of the electric heating pipe penetrates out of the outer circumferential surface of the electric heating mounting seat, a temperature measuring core is also fixedly installed outside the inner flow channel pipe and is simultaneously fixed on the electric heating mounting seat, and one end of the temperature measuring core penetrates out of the outer circumferential surface of the electric heating mounting seat, and the electric heating pipe and the temperature measuring core are sleeved with inner heat insulation layers concentric with the pressure-bearing pipeline.
The further technical scheme is as follows:
the structure of the electric heating mounting seat is as follows: the electric heating installation seat comprises an annular electric heating installation seat body, wherein a boss is formed on one side of the electric heating installation seat body, the outer diameter of the boss is smaller than the diameter of the outer circumference of the electric heating installation seat body, a matched sealing surface is formed on the electric heating installation seat body on the outer side of the boss, a conical through hole which is enlarged towards the end face of the boss is formed in the boss, an installation sealing surface is formed on the other side of the electric heating installation seat body, the installation sealing surface is matched with the sealing surface of a first flange, an annular counter bore is formed in the installation sealing surface, the annular counter bore is concentric with the conical through hole, a plurality of inner runner pipe installation holes are formed in the bottom surface of the annular counter bore, the inner runner pipe installation holes are threaded blind holes, the inner runner pipe installation holes are uniformly distributed along a circle concentric with the annular counter bore, a plurality of electric heating pipe penetrating holes and a temperature measuring core penetrating hole are formed in the circumferential surface of the annular counter bore, and electric heating pipes are installed on the penetrating holes, the temperature measuring core is characterized in that a temperature measuring core penetrating pipe is installed on the temperature measuring core penetrating hole, an electric heating pipe is installed in the electric heating pipe penetrating hole and the electric heating pipe penetrating pipe, and a temperature measuring core is installed in the temperature measuring core penetrating hole and the temperature measuring core penetrating pipe.
The structure of dysmorphism octagon pad does: including annular eight star shape pad bodies of dysmorphism, the centre bore of eight star shape pad bodies of dysmorphism is the toper through-hole, two terminal surface departments of the eight star shape pad bodies of dysmorphism form eight star shape sealed face, it has relief valve mounting hole and pressure release hole to open on the periphery of the eight star shape pad bodies of dysmorphism, installs relief valve installation pipe on the relief valve mounting hole, installs relief valve installation pipe on the pressure release hole.
The octagonal sealing surface is of an annular convex structure.
The inside of interior runner pipe is cylindrical through-hole, the exterior structure of interior runner pipe includes the taper pipe section that the one end of interior runner pipe formed, the slope of taper pipe section outer wall to the interior runner pipe other end, the outside annular installation boss that forms of interior runner pipe other end, the part of being connected with the installation boss is the installation section, the installation section with be provided with the recess section between the taper pipe section, the external diameter less than or equal to of recess section installation section and the minimum external diameter of taper pipe section.
The end face of the mounting boss is provided with a plurality of bolt holes which are uniformly distributed along the concentric circumference of the inner runner pipe, the outer end face of the mounting boss is provided with a plurality of first U-shaped openings, the first U-shaped openings penetrate through the outer wall of the mounting section, an electric heating pipe mounting groove is formed in the outer wall of the mounting section, the outer end face of the mounting boss is provided with a plurality of second U-shaped openings, the second U-shaped openings penetrate through the pipe wall of the mounting section, and a temperature measuring core mounting groove is formed in the outer wall of the mounting section.
The first flange is connected with the electric heating mounting seat through a gasket.
The gasket is an octagonal gasket.
And the outer circumferential surfaces of the first flange and the second flange are fixedly provided with a compensating electric heating pipe and a thermocouple.
A heating method of a hypersonic flow field heating device comprises the following operation steps:
the first step, design:
the hypersonic flow field heating device is designed to be matched with a required heating pipeline, such as the length and the thickness of a pressure-bearing pipeline, and a corresponding first flange, a second flange, an electric heating mounting seat, a special-shaped octagonal cushion, a heating pipe and an inner flow channel pipe;
and a second step of manufacturing:
manufacturing related parts of the hypersonic flow field heating device according to design standards and drawing;
thirdly, assembling a hypersonic flow field heating device:
the electric heating tube and the temperature measuring core are arranged at the corresponding positions of the electric heating mounting seat;
then the electric heating tube and the temperature measuring core penetrate through the first U-shaped notch and the second U-shaped notch on the inner runner tube, the bolt hole and the inner runner tube mounting hole on the mounting boss are mounted in a matched mode through a bolt, and then the electric heating tube and the temperature measuring core are mounted on the electric heating tube mounting groove and the temperature measuring core mounting groove;
sleeving the inner heat insulation layer outside the electric heating pipe and the temperature measuring core, and installing a gasket at the installation sealing surface of the electric heating installation seat by a sleeving gasket;
then inserting the mounted components into the pressure-bearing pipeline;
the center hole of the special-shaped octagonal cushion body is matched and sleeved with the taper pipe section of the inner runner pipe, and the octagonal sealing surface is connected with the second flange sealing surface in a sealing manner;
the fourth step, install in the experiment pipeline:
connecting a matched sealing surface of an electric heating mounting seat of the hypersonic flow field heating device with a first matched flange of a pipeline to be heated through a gasket, meanwhile, enabling a boss to penetrate into an inner hole of the matched first matched flange, and then fastening the boss with the first flange and the first matched flange by bolts;
then connecting the special-shaped octagonal cushion with a second mating flange through an octagonal sealing surface, and fastening the second flange with the second mating flange through bolts;
and fifthly, connecting an external circuit:
connecting external circuits of the electric heating pipe and the temperature measuring pipe, connecting external circuits of the compensation electric heating pipe and the thermocouple, mounting a safety valve on a safety valve mounting pipe, mounting a pressure release valve and a pressure detection device on the pressure release valve mounting pipe, and connecting the circuits and the detection device with a control system;
sixthly, setting parameters:
switching on a hypersonic flow field heating device and a control system power supply, and setting shape-entering heating parameters and temperature and pressure control parameters;
seventh step, heating and heat preservation:
starting the heating function of the hypersonic flow field heating device, wherein the heating process is divided into two stages for heating, the electric heating pipe in the first stage outputs full power, the temperature of the medium of the pressure-bearing pipeline is quickly raised to a set temperature, the output power of the electric heating pipe in the second stage is gradually reduced, the whole system is subjected to heat preservation, after the heat preservation is carried out for a period of time, the surface temperature of the medium in the pipeline and the surface temperature of the inner flow passage gradually converge, the uniformity of the temperature of the medium in the pressure-bearing pipeline also gradually reaches the technical index requirement, and at the moment, subsequent test operation can be carried out.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention has compact and reasonable structure and convenient operation, realizes the flowing form without influencing the internal flow field of the heating pipeline by optimizing the structure of the internal pipeline heater and adopting the combined structure of the electric heating mounting seat, the internal flow channel pipe and the special-shaped octagonal cushion while ensuring the heating efficiency, and provides the electric heating device which is convenient to install under the condition of high precision requirement of the flow field.
Meanwhile, the invention also has the following advantages:
(1) the internal heating structure is adopted, the internal runner pipe is arranged in the pressure-bearing pipeline, the electric heating pipe is arranged on the outer wall of the internal runner pipe, the internal heat insulation layer is sleeved outside the electric heating pipe, the medium in the pressure-bearing pipeline is heated in a heat transfer mode of the internal runner pipe, the medium flows through the inside of the internal runner pipe, the flow field form is not influenced, and meanwhile, the internal heat insulation layer can reduce the temperature of the pressure-bearing pipeline and reduce the heat loss.
(2) The structure that adopts electric heating pipe and temperature measurement core to draw forth from the electric heat mount pad periphery, design benefit realizes the installation of electric heating pipe in minimum space, and the dress of boss structure and first companion flange and the design of toper through-hole reduce the junction clearance simultaneously, can realize the device exit to the interference of fluid flow field minimum.
(3) The problem that a gap is large due to the fact that a second flange and a second companion flange are installed in a conventional mode is solved by the aid of the special-shaped octagonal cushion structure, meanwhile, due to the fact that the central hole and the taper pipe section of the inner runner pipe are in matched sleeved mode, the inner runner pipe can not slide in the central hole when subjected to thermal expansion, straightness of the inner runner pipe and coaxiality of the inner runner pipe and a pressure-bearing pipeline are guaranteed, and further the shape of a fluid flow field is not affected.
(4) The flanges at the inlet and outlet are heated in a compensating mode, and the influence of temperature change on the flow mode of the flow field is further reduced by reducing the temperature difference.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention (including a first mating flange and a second mating flange).
Fig. 2 is an exploded side view of a first flange of the present invention (including a first companion flange).
Fig. 3 is an exploded side view of a second flange of the present invention (including a second companion flange).
Fig. 4 is a front view of the present invention (including companion flange one and companion flange two).
Fig. 5 is a sectional view a-a of fig. 4.
Fig. 6 is an isometric view of an electro-thermal mount of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a front view of the electro-thermal mount of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a sectional view B-B of fig. 7.
FIG. 9 is an isometric view of the shaped octagonal pad of the present invention.
Fig. 10 is a front view of the shaped octagonal mat of the invention.
Fig. 11 is a cross-sectional view C-C of fig. 10.
FIG. 12 is a perspective view of the inner conduit shaft of the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a front view of the inner flow conduit of the present invention.
Fig. 14 is a sectional view of the inner flow duct of the present invention in the axial direction.
Fig. 15 is a side view of the internal flow conduit of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. a pressure-bearing pipeline; 2. a first flange; 3. a second flange; 4. an electric heating mounting seat; 5. a special-shaped octagonal cushion; 6. an inner runner pipe; 7. an electric heating tube; 8. a temperature measuring core; 9. an inner insulating layer; 10. a gasket; 11. a compensating electric heating tube; 12. a thermocouple; 13. a first companion flange; 14. a second companion flange;
401. an electric heating mounting seat body; 402. a boss; 403. mating the sealing surfaces; 404. mounting a sealing surface; 405. the electric heating pipe penetrates through the hole; 406. the temperature measuring core penetrates through the hole; 407. an inner runner pipe mounting hole; 408. an electric heating pipe penetrates out of the pipe; 409. the temperature measuring core penetrates out of the tube;
501. a special-shaped octagonal cushion body; 502. a central bore; 503. an octagonal sealing surface; 504. a safety valve mounting hole; 505. a pressure relief vent; 506. a safety valve mounting pipe; 507. a relief valve mounting tube;
601. a conical pipe section; 602. mounting a boss; 603. an installation section; 604. a groove section; 605. bolt holes; 606. a first U-shaped opening; 607. an electric heating pipe mounting groove; 608. a second U-shaped opening; 609. temperature measuring core mounting groove.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the hypersonic flow field heating device of this embodiment includes a pressure-bearing pipe 1, a heat-insulating layer is disposed outside the pressure-bearing pipe 1, a first flange 2 and a second flange 3 are respectively fixedly assembled at two ends of the pressure-bearing pipe 1, an electric heating installation seat 4 is disposed at a sealing surface of the first flange 2, a special-shaped octagonal pad 5 is mounted at a sealing surface of the second flange 3, an inner flow pipe 6 is disposed inside the pressure-bearing pipe 1, one end of the inner flow pipe 6 is fixedly connected with the electric heating installation seat 4, the other end of the inner flow pipe 6 extends into the pressure-bearing pipe 1 and is assembled with the special-shaped octagonal pad 5, an electric heating pipe 7 is mounted outside the inner flow pipe 6, the electric heating pipe 7 is fixedly mounted on the electric heating installation seat 4, one end of the electric heating pipe 7 penetrates out from an outer circumferential surface of the electric heating installation seat 4, a temperature measuring core 8 is also fixedly mounted outside the inner flow pipe 6, and the temperature measuring core 8 is simultaneously fixed on the electric heating installation seat 4, one end of the temperature measuring core 8 penetrates out of the outer peripheral surface of the electric heating mounting seat 4, and the inner heat insulation layer 9 which is concentric with the pressure-bearing pipeline 1 is sleeved on the outer peripheries of the electric heating pipe 7 and the temperature measuring core 8. An inner runner pipe 6 is arranged in the pressure-bearing pipeline, an electric heating pipe 7 is arranged on the outer wall of the inner runner pipe 6, a medium in the pressure-bearing pipeline is heated in a heat transfer mode through the inner runner pipe 6, the medium flows through the inner runner pipe 6, the flow field form is not affected, meanwhile, an inner heat insulation layer 9 outside the electric heating pipe 7 can reduce the temperature of the pressure-bearing pipeline 1, the heat loss is reduced, and the integral design structure is detachable.
As shown in fig. 6 to 8, the structure of the electric heating installation seat 4 is as follows: the electric heating installation seat comprises an annular electric heating installation seat body 401, a boss 402 is formed on one side of the electric heating installation seat body 401, the outer diameter of the boss 402 is smaller than the diameter of the outer circumference of the electric heating installation seat body 401, a matched sealing surface 403 is formed on the body of the electric heating installation seat body 401 outside the boss 402, a conical through hole expanding towards the end surface of the boss 402 is formed inside the boss 402, an installation sealing surface 404 is formed on the other side of the electric heating installation seat body 401, the installation sealing surface 404 is matched with the sealing surface of a first flange 2, an annular counter bore is formed on the installation sealing surface 404 and is concentric with the conical through hole, a plurality of inner runner pipe installation holes 407 are formed on the bottom surface of the annular counter bore, the inner runner pipe installation holes 407 are threaded blind holes, the inner runner pipe installation holes 407 are uniformly distributed along a circle concentric with the annular counter bore, a plurality of electric heating pipe penetrating holes 405 and temperature measuring core penetrating holes 406 are formed on the circumferential surface of the annular counter bore, an electric heating pipe penetrating hole 405 is provided with an electric heating pipe penetrating pipe 408, the temperature measuring core penetrating hole 406 is provided with a temperature measuring core penetrating pipe 409, the electric heating pipe penetrating hole 405 and the electric heating pipe penetrating pipe 408 are provided with an electric heating pipe 7, and the temperature measuring core penetrating hole 406 and the temperature measuring core penetrating pipe 409 are provided with a temperature measuring core 8. The structure that electric heating pipe 7 and temperature measuring core 8 draw forth from electric heat mount pad 4 periphery, design benefit realizes the installation of electric heating pipe 7 in minimum space, and the design of the joining in marriage dress and the toper through-hole of boss 402 and first companion flange 13 simultaneously reduces the junction clearance, can realize the minimum interference of fluid flow field in the device exit.
As shown in fig. 9-11, the structure of the special-shaped octagonal pad 5 is as follows: the special-shaped octagonal cushion comprises an annular special-shaped octagonal cushion body 501, a central hole 502 of the special-shaped octagonal cushion body 501 is a conical through hole, octagonal sealing surfaces 503 are formed at two end faces of the special-shaped octagonal cushion body 501, a safety valve mounting hole 504 and a pressure relief hole 505 are formed in the circumferential surface of the special-shaped octagonal cushion body 501, a safety valve mounting pipe 506 is mounted on the safety valve mounting hole 504, and a pressure relief valve mounting pipe 507 is mounted on the pressure relief hole 505. The structure of the special-shaped octagonal cushion 5 is adopted to replace a conventional flange sealing gasket, the problem that a gap is large due to the conventional installation between the second flange 3 and the second companion flange 14 is solved, and the safety valve installation hole 504 and the pressure relief hole 505 are arranged on the special-shaped octagonal cushion 5, namely at the inlet of a medium, so that the influence on a test flow field is minimum.
As shown in fig. 12 to 15, the inner portion of the inner flow path pipe 6 is a cylindrical through hole, the outer structure of the inner flow path pipe 6 includes a conical pipe section 601 formed at one end of the inner flow path pipe 6, the outer wall of the conical pipe section 601 is inclined toward the other end of the inner flow path pipe 6, an annular mounting boss 602 is formed at the outer portion of the other end of the inner flow path pipe 6, a mounting section 603 is formed at a connection portion with the mounting boss 602, a groove section 604 is provided between the mounting section 603 and the conical pipe section 601, and the outer diameter of the groove section 604 is smaller than or equal to the minimum outer diameter of the mounting section 603 and the conical pipe section 601. The central hole 502 of the special-shaped octagonal cushion 5 is matched and sleeved with the taper pipe section 601 of the inner runner pipe 6, and a structure with a certain matching gap exists, so that the inner runner pipe 6 can slide in the central hole 502 when heated and expanded, axial and radial thermal displacement is released, the self straightness of the inner runner pipe 6 and the coaxiality of the inner runner pipe and the pressure-bearing pipeline 1 are ensured, and the shape of a fluid flow field is further ensured not to be influenced.
As shown in fig. 13 and 5, the end face of the mounting boss 602 is provided with a plurality of bolt holes 605, the bolt holes 605 are uniformly distributed along a circumference concentric with the inner flow conduit 6, the outer end face of the mounting boss 602 is provided with a plurality of first U-shaped notches 606, the first U-shaped notches 606 penetrate through the outer wall of the mounting segment 603, an electric heating tube mounting groove 607 is formed on the outer wall of the mounting segment 603, the outer end face of the mounting boss 602 is provided with a plurality of second U-shaped notches 608, the second U-shaped notches 608 penetrate through the tube wall of the mounting segment 603, and a temperature measuring core mounting groove 609 is formed on the outer wall of the mounting segment 603. The mounting section 603 is provided with a plurality of electric heating tube mounting grooves 607 and temperature measuring core mounting grooves 609 for positioning the electric heating tube and the temperature measuring element, and can be divided into an upper half pipeline heating and temperature measuring and a lower half pipeline heating and temperature measuring, thereby ensuring the scientific and reasonable heating and temperature control.
The first flange 2 is connected with the electric heating installation seat 4 through a gasket 10.
The gasket 10 is an octagonal gasket.
The outer circumferential surfaces of the first flange 2 and the second flange 3 are fixedly provided with a compensating electric heating tube 11 and a thermocouple 12. The flanges at the inlet and outlet are heated in a compensating mode, and the influence of temperature change on the flow mode of the flow field is further reduced by reducing the temperature difference.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the heating method of the hypersonic velocity flow field heating device in the embodiment comprises the following operation steps:
the first step, design:
by designing a structure of matching the hypersonic flow field heating device with a required heating pipeline, such as the length and the thickness of a pressure-bearing pipeline 1, and corresponding first flanges 2, second flanges 3, electric heating installation seats 4, special-shaped octagonal pads 5, heating pipes 7 and inner flow channel pipes 6;
and a second step of manufacturing:
manufacturing related parts of the hypersonic flow field heating device according to design standards and drawing;
thirdly, assembling a hypersonic flow field heating device:
an electric heating tube 7 and a temperature measuring core 8 are arranged at the corresponding positions of the electric heating installation seat 4;
then, the electric heating tube 7 and the temperature measuring core 8 penetrate through a first U-shaped notch 606 and a second U-shaped notch 608 on the inner runner pipe 6, the bolt hole 605 and the inner runner pipe mounting hole 407 on the mounting boss 602 are mounted in a matched mode through bolts, and then the electric heating tube 7 and the temperature measuring core 8 are mounted on an electric heating tube mounting groove 607 and a temperature measuring core mounting groove 609;
sleeving the inner heat insulation layer 9 outside the electric heating pipe 7 and the temperature measuring core 8, and simultaneously sleeving the gasket 10 to install the gasket 10 on the installation sealing surface 404 of the electric heating installation seat 4;
then the installed components are inserted into the pressure-bearing pipeline 1;
a central hole 502 of the special-shaped octagonal cushion body 501 is matched and sleeved with a conical pipe section 601 of the inner runner pipe 6, and an octagonal sealing surface 503 is connected with a sealing surface of the second flange 3 in a sealing manner;
the fourth step, install in the experiment pipeline:
connecting a mating sealing surface 403 of an electric heating mounting seat 4 of the hypersonic flow field heating device with a first mating flange 13 of a required heating pipeline through a gasket 10, meanwhile, enabling a boss 402 to penetrate into an inner hole of the first mating flange 13, and then fastening the boss with a first flange 2 and the first mating flange 13 by bolts;
then connecting the special-shaped octagonal pad 5 with a second companion flange 14 through an octagonal sealing surface 503, and fastening the second flange 3 with the second companion flange 14 through bolts;
and fifthly, connecting an external circuit:
external circuits of the electric heating tube 7 and the temperature measuring tube 8 are connected, external circuits of the compensating electric heating tube 11 and the thermocouple 12 are connected, a safety valve is installed on the safety valve installation tube 506, a pressure relief valve and a pressure detection device are installed on the pressure relief valve installation tube 507, and the circuits and the detection device are connected with a control system;
sixthly, setting parameters:
switching on a hypersonic flow field heating device and a control system power supply, and setting shape-entering heating parameters and temperature and pressure control parameters;
seventh step, heating and heat preservation:
starting the heating function of the hypersonic flow field heating device, wherein the heating process is divided into two stages for heating, the electric heating pipe 7 in the first stage outputs full power, the medium temperature of the pressure-bearing pipeline 1 is quickly raised to a set temperature, the output power of the electric heating pipe 7 in the second stage is gradually reduced, the whole system is subjected to heat preservation, after a period of heat preservation, the surface temperature of the medium in the pipeline and the surface temperature of the inner flow channel gradually approach, the uniformity of the medium temperature in the pressure-bearing pipeline 1 also gradually reaches the technical index requirement, and at the moment, subsequent test operation can be carried out.
Example two:
the heating method of the hypersonic velocity flow field heating device in the embodiment comprises the following operation steps:
the first step, design:
design conditions are as follows: heating the compressed air to 900K, wherein the design pressure is 3.5 MPa;
1 specification of pressure-bearing pipeline: the length is 8 meters, the specification is phi 280x14mm, and the material is S30408 stainless steel;
the electric heating installation seat 4 and the special-shaped octagonal cushion 5 are made of 06Cr19Ni10III stainless steel forgings, and the clearance between the electric heating installation seat and other assembling connection surfaces is smaller than 0.1 mm;
the sealing surface 503 of the special-shaped octagonal pad 5 is designed by referring to a metal annular pad for an HG/T20633-2009 steel pipe flange;
the electric heating tube material of the electric heater is made of S30408, the specification is phi 12mm after the electric heating tube is contracted, the heating materials in the electric heating element all adopt high-temperature-resistant high-resistance alloy wires Ni80Cr20 with excellent quality, and the material can bear the high temperature of more than 900 ℃;
the output power of the first flange and the first mating flange area is 5kW, the output power of the second flange and the second mating flange area is 5kW, the output power of the upper half heating area of the pipeline is 15kW, and the output power of the lower half heating area of the pipeline is 15 kW;
and a second step of manufacturing:
manufacturing related parts of the hypersonic flow field heating device according to design standards and drawing;
thirdly, assembling a hypersonic flow field heating device:
an electric heating tube 7 and a temperature measuring core 8 are arranged at the corresponding positions of the electric heating installation seat 4;
then, the electric heating tube 7 and the temperature measuring core 8 penetrate through a first U-shaped notch 606 and a second U-shaped notch 608 on the inner runner pipe 6, the bolt hole 605 and the inner runner pipe mounting hole 407 on the mounting boss 602 are mounted in a matched mode through bolts, and then the electric heating tube 7 and the temperature measuring core 8 are mounted on an electric heating tube mounting groove 607 and a temperature measuring core mounting groove 609;
sleeving the inner heat insulation layer 9 outside the electric heating tube 7 and the temperature measuring core 8, and installing the gasket 10 on the installation sealing surface 404 of the electric heating installation seat 4 by the sleeved gasket 10;
then the mounted components are inserted into the pressure-bearing pipeline 1;
a center hole 502 of the special-shaped octagonal cushion body 501 and a tapered pipe section 601 of the inner runner pipe 6 are matched and sleeved together, and an octagonal sealing surface 503 is in sealing connection with a sealing surface of the second flange 3;
the second flange of the assembled device is provided with an air inlet (a sliding end) and an air outlet (a fixed end) at the first flange;
the fourth step, install in the experiment pipeline:
connecting a mating sealing surface 403 of an electric heating mounting seat 4 of the hypersonic flow field heating device with a first mating flange 13 of a required heating pipeline through a gasket 10, meanwhile, enabling a boss 402 to penetrate into an inner hole of the first mating flange 13, and then fastening the boss with a first flange 2 and the first mating flange 13 by bolts;
then connecting the special-shaped octagonal pad 5 with a second companion flange 14 through an octagonal sealing surface 503, and fastening the second flange 3 with the second companion flange 14 through bolts;
and fifthly, connecting an external circuit:
external circuits of the electric heating pipe 7 and the temperature measuring pipe 8 are connected, external circuits of the compensating electric heating pipe 11 and the thermocouple 12 are connected, a safety valve is installed on a safety valve installation pipe 506, a pressure relief valve and a pressure detection device are installed on a pressure relief valve installation pipe 507, the circuits and the detection device are connected with a control system, a PLC, a power regulator and an intelligent instrument are adopted for control, 8 temperature detections are arranged on the surface of a 8-meter straight pipeline for temperature monitoring, the temperature monitoring function is realized, 8 temperature curves are displayed in real time through a touch screen, and 8 temperature history recording functions (temperature and time) are displayed and recorded through the touch screen and can be checked and referred;
sixthly, setting parameters:
switching on a hypersonic flow field heating device and a control system power supply, and setting shape-entering heating parameters and temperature and pressure control parameters;
seventh step, heating and heat preservation:
starting the heating function of the hypersonic flow field heating device, wherein the heating process is divided into two stages for heating, the electric heating pipe 7 in the first stage outputs full power, the medium temperature of the pressure-bearing pipeline 1 is quickly raised to a set temperature, the output power of the electric heating pipe 7 in the second stage is gradually reduced, the whole system is subjected to heat preservation, after a period of heat preservation, the surface temperature of the medium in the pipeline and the surface temperature of the inner flow channel gradually approach, the uniformity of the medium temperature in the pressure-bearing pipeline 1 also gradually reaches the technical index requirement, and at the moment, subsequent test operation can be carried out.
The hypersonic flow field heating device has the advantages that by optimizing the structure of the internal pipeline heater and adopting the combined structure of the electric heating mounting seat, the internal flow channel pipe and the special-shaped octagonal pad, the heating efficiency is guaranteed, the flowing form of the internal flow field of the heating pipeline is not influenced, the electric heating device convenient to mount is provided under the high-precision requirement condition of the flow field, the heating and temperature measurement of the upper half pipeline and the heating and temperature measurement of the lower half pipeline are realized, the scientific and reasonable heating and temperature control are guaranteed, and the stable flow field condition is provided for experiments.
The above description is intended to be illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, which may be modified in any manner within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a hypersonic flow field heating device, includes pressure-bearing pipeline (1), pressure-bearing pipeline (1) outside is equipped with heat preservation, its characterized in that: a first flange (2) and a second flange (3) are fixedly assembled at two ends of a pressure-bearing pipeline (1) respectively, an electric heating installation seat (4) is arranged at a sealing surface of the first flange (2), a special-shaped octagonal pad (5) is installed at a sealing surface of the second flange (3), an inner runner pipe (6) is arranged inside the pressure-bearing pipeline (1), one end of the inner runner pipe (6) is fixedly connected with the electric heating installation seat (4), the other end of the inner runner pipe (6) extends into the pressure-bearing pipeline (1) and is assembled with the special-shaped octagonal pad (5), an electric heating pipe (7) is installed outside the inner runner pipe (6), the electric heating pipe (7) is fixedly installed on the electric heating installation seat (4), one end of the electric heating pipe (7) penetrates out of the outer circumferential surface of the electric heating installation seat (4), and a temperature measuring core (8) is also fixedly installed outside the inner runner pipe (6), the temperature measuring core (8) is simultaneously fixed on the electric heating mounting seat (4), one end of the temperature measuring core (8) penetrates out of the outer peripheral surface of the electric heating mounting seat (4), and the inner heat insulation layer (9) concentric with the pressure-bearing pipeline (1) is sleeved on the outer peripheries of the electric heating pipe (7) and the temperature measuring core (8).
2. The hypersonic flow field heating device of claim 1, wherein: the structure of the electric heating installation seat (4) is as follows: the electric heating installation seat comprises an annular electric heating installation seat body (401), wherein a boss (402) is formed on one side of the electric heating installation seat body (401), the outer diameter of the boss (402) is smaller than the diameter of the outer circumference of the electric heating installation seat body (401), a matched sealing surface (403) is formed on the body of the electric heating installation seat body (401) on the outer side of the boss (402), a conical through hole which is enlarged towards the end surface of the boss (402) is formed inside the boss (402), an installation sealing surface (404) is formed on the other side of the electric heating installation seat body (401), the installation sealing surface (404) is matched with a sealing surface of a first flange (2), an annular counter bore is formed in the installation sealing surface (404), the annular counter bore is concentric with the conical through hole, a plurality of inner runner pipe installation holes (407) are formed in the bottom surface of the annular counter bore, the inner runner pipe installation holes (407) are threaded blind holes, and the inner runner pipe installation holes (407) are uniformly distributed along a circle which is concentric with the annular counter bore, a plurality of electric heating pipe penetrating holes (405) and temperature measuring core penetrating holes (406) are formed in the circumferential surface of the annular counter bore, electric heating pipe penetrating pipes (408) are installed on the electric heating pipe penetrating holes (405), temperature measuring core penetrating pipes (409) are installed on the temperature measuring core penetrating holes (406), electric heating pipes (7) are installed in the electric heating pipe penetrating holes (405) and the electric heating pipe penetrating pipes (408), and temperature measuring cores (8) are installed in the temperature measuring core penetrating holes (406) and the temperature measuring core penetrating pipes (409).
3. The hypersonic flow field heating device of claim 1, wherein: the structure of the special-shaped octagonal cushion (5) is as follows: including annular eight star shape pad body (501) of dysmorphism, centre bore (502) of eight star shape pad body (501) of dysmorphism are the toper through-hole, two terminal surface departments of eight star shape pad body (501) of dysmorphism form eight star seal face (503), it has relief valve mounting hole (504) and pressure release hole (505) to open on the periphery of eight star shape pad body (501) of dysmorphism, installs relief valve installation pipe (506) on relief valve mounting hole (504), installs relief valve installation pipe (507) on pressure release hole (505).
4. The hypersonic flow field heating device of claim 3, wherein: the octagonal sealing surface (503) is of an annular convex structure.
5. The hypersonic flow field heating device of claim 1, wherein: the inside of interior flow channel pipe (6) is cylindrical through-hole, the exterior structure of interior flow channel pipe (6) includes awl tube section (601) that the one end of interior flow channel pipe (6) formed, the slope of the inside flow channel pipe (6) other end of awl tube section (601) outer wall, interior flow channel pipe (6) other end outside forms annular installation boss (602), is installation section (603) with installation boss (602) the part of being connected, installation section (603) with be provided with groove section (604) between awl tube section (601), the minimum external diameter of external diameter less than or equal to installation section (603) and awl tube section (601) of groove section (604).
6. The hypersonic flow field heating device of claim 5, wherein: the end face of the mounting boss (602) is provided with a plurality of bolt holes (605), the bolt holes (605) are uniformly distributed along the circumference concentric with the inner runner pipe (6), the outer end face of the mounting boss (602) is provided with a plurality of first U-shaped notches (606), the first U-shaped notches (606) penetrate through the outer wall of the mounting section (603), an electric heating pipe mounting groove (607) is formed in the outer wall of the mounting section (603), the outer end face of the mounting boss (602) is provided with a plurality of second U-shaped notches (608), the second U-shaped notches (608) penetrate through the pipe wall of the mounting section (603), and a temperature measuring core mounting groove (609) is formed in the outer wall of the mounting section (603).
7. The hypersonic flow field heating device of claim 1, wherein: the first flange (2) is connected with the electric heating mounting seat (4) through a gasket (10).
8. The hypersonic flow field heating device of claim 1, wherein: the gasket (10) is an octagonal gasket.
9. The hypersonic flow field heating device of claim 1, wherein: and the outer circumferential surfaces of the first flange (2) and the second flange (3) are fixedly provided with a compensating electric heating pipe (11) and a thermocouple (12).
10. A heating method of a hypersonic flow field heating device is characterized in that:
the method comprises the following operation steps:
the first step, design:
the hypersonic flow field heating device is designed to be matched with a required heating pipeline, such as the length and the thickness of a pressure-bearing pipeline (1), and a first flange (2), a second flange (3), an electric heating mounting seat (4), a special-shaped octagonal cushion (5), a heating pipe (7) and an inner flow channel pipe (6) are correspondingly designed;
and a second step of manufacturing:
manufacturing related parts of the hypersonic flow field heating device according to design standards and drawing;
thirdly, assembling a hypersonic flow field heating device:
an electric heating tube (7) and a temperature measuring core (8) are arranged at the corresponding positions of the electric heating mounting seat (4);
then, the electric heating tube (7) and the temperature measuring core (8) penetrate through a first U-shaped opening (606) and a second U-shaped opening (608) on the inner runner tube (6), the bolt hole (605) and an inner runner tube mounting hole (407) on the mounting boss (602) are mounted in a matched mode through bolts, and then the electric heating tube (7) and the temperature measuring core (8) are mounted on an electric heating tube mounting groove (607) and a temperature measuring core mounting groove (609);
sleeving the inner heat insulation layer (9) outside the electric heating pipe (7) and the temperature measuring core (8), and installing a gasket (10) on an installation sealing surface (404) of the electric heating installation seat (4) by sleeving the gasket (10);
then the installed components are inserted into the pressure-bearing pipeline (1);
a central hole (502) of the special-shaped octagonal cushion body (501) is matched and sleeved with a taper pipe section (601) of the inner runner pipe (6), and an octagonal sealing surface (503) is in sealing connection with a sealing surface of the second flange (3);
the fourth step, install in the experiment pipeline:
connecting a mating sealing surface (403) of an electric heating mounting seat (4) of the hypersonic flow field heating device with a first mating flange (13) of a required heating pipeline through a gasket (10), meanwhile, deeply matching a boss (402) with an inner hole of the first mating flange (13), and then fastening the boss with the first flange (2) and the first mating flange (13) by bolts;
then connecting the special-shaped octagonal cushion (5) with a second companion flange (14) through an octagonal sealing surface (503), and fastening the second flange (3) with the second companion flange (14) through bolts;
and fifthly, connecting an external circuit:
external circuits of the electric heating pipe (7) and the temperature measuring pipe (8) are connected, external circuits of the compensation electric heating pipe (11) and the thermocouple (12) are connected, a safety valve is installed on a safety valve installation pipe (506), a pressure relief valve and a pressure detection device are installed on a pressure relief valve installation pipe (507), and the circuits and the detection device are connected with a control system;
sixthly, setting parameters:
switching on a hypersonic flow field heating device and a control system power supply, and setting shape-entering heating parameters and temperature and pressure control parameters;
seventh step, heating and heat preservation:
the heating function of the hypersonic flow field heating device is started, the heating process is divided into two stages for heating, the electric heating pipe (7) in the first stage is in full-power output, the medium temperature of the pressure-bearing pipeline (1) is rapidly increased to a set temperature, the output power of the electric heating pipe (7) in the second stage is gradually reduced, the whole system is subjected to heat preservation, after the heat preservation is carried out for a period of time, the medium in the pipeline, the surface temperature of the inner flow channel gradually tends to be the same, the uniformity of the medium temperature in the pressure-bearing pipeline (1) also gradually reaches the technical index requirement, and at the moment, the follow-up test operation can be carried out.
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| JP2000213807A (en) * | 1999-01-27 | 2000-08-02 | Japan Organo Co Ltd | Electric heating device for fluid |
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| JP2000213807A (en) * | 1999-01-27 | 2000-08-02 | Japan Organo Co Ltd | Electric heating device for fluid |
| CN201521735U (en) * | 2009-09-27 | 2010-07-07 | 倪进树 | High-pressure pipeline flange connecting structure |
| CN204403589U (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2015-06-17 | 中国航天空气动力技术研究院 | High-temperature and pressure pipeline |
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