Method for repairing floor heave roadway by FRP (fiber reinforced Plastic) grid fiber reinforced cement-based composite material
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal mining, in particular to a method for repairing a heaving floor roadway by using an FRP grid fiber reinforced cement-based composite material.
Background
Generally, after a coal mine tunnel is excavated, a top plate and two sides of the tunnel need to be reinforced in a supporting mode comprising anchor rods and anchor cables, and a tunnel bottom plate is generally not reinforced additionally. Under the influence of mining engineering activities, particularly along with the gradual increase of the mining depth of a coal mine, an unreinforced roadway floor rock stratum can generate an upward bulging phenomenon, which is commonly called roadway bottom heave. Compared with a normal roadway, the roadway section after the floor heave is generated can be reduced, and meanwhile, the roadway bottom plate with the fluctuant height can directly influence the normal transportation and pedestrians of the mine. Under a particularly serious condition, the whole roadway is scrapped, and serious hidden danger is brought to safe and efficient production of the mine. The currently common roadway floor heave treatment modes mainly comprise the following three modes: 1) temporarily cleaning the bulged part of the roadway, which is called 'bottom lifting' for short; 2) reinforcing the roadway bottom plate after the roadway is tunneled and formed so as to improve the strength of the rock stratum of the roadway bottom plate and further relieve or prevent the occurrence of the bottom heave phenomenon; 3) surrounding rocks around the roadway bottom plate are subjected to stress release in modes of slotting on the roadway bottom plate and the like, so that the bottom heave generated due to stress concentration is reduced.
The traditional method for treating the roadway floor heave by 'bottom lifting' has the following problems: 1) as a passive method for treating roadway floor heave, the stress environment of the roadway floor cannot be fundamentally improved. Under the influence of mining stress, the phenomenon of roadway bottom heave still appears repeatedly; 2) waste gangue generated by treating the bottom-bulging roadway by mechanical rock breaking needs to be transported to other positions in the well, and extra gangue is generated to be discharged.
The method for reinforcing the roadway floor in the form including anchor bolt support in the initial stage of roadway driving and forming has the problems of large overall economic investment and poor treatment effect. The main reasons for this are: the tunnel excavation activity causes the original stress balance around the tunnel to be damaged, and certain time is needed for the surrounding rock stress to be redistributed to realize the second stress balance. After the roadway roof, the two sides and the bottom plate are reinforced simultaneously, the process of stress balance is artificially prevented, the process of realizing stress release through the floor heave is transferred to other parts of the roadway, and the surrounding rock stability control of the roadway roof and the two sides is influenced.
The roadway floor heave is treated by adopting a stress transfer and release method, which belongs to an active treatment method and achieves a better practical effect on site. However, the strength of the floor rock stratum cannot be fundamentally improved by adopting the stress transfer and release, and the treatment effect has certain limitation.
The method comprehensively comprises bottom lifting, support reinforcement and combination of stress transfer and stress release is a main development direction for treating the bottom-bulging roadway in the future. In consideration of the increase of the stress of the original rock after the mining depth of the roadway is increased, the extra transportation workload brought by the traditional support mode and the transportation work for processing the waste gangue appearing in the heaving floor roadway, a novel heaving floor roadway reinforcing method needs to be developed. A novel technical approach is provided for the rapid repair of the deep mining coal mine bottom heave roadway by innovating a construction process and introducing a novel material comprising a Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP).
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the method for repairing the floor heave roadway by using the FRP grid fiber reinforced cement-based composite material, which is simple to operate, convenient to construct and capable of effectively controlling the floor heave deformation of the roadway.
In order to achieve the above purposes, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method for repairing a heaving floor roadway by using an FRP grid fiber reinforced cement-based composite material comprises the following steps:
step one, a plurality of grooves are formed in a roadway bottom plate along the direction of the roadway;
step two, sequentially injecting the fiber reinforced cement-based composite material into the plurality of grooves;
step three, when the floor rock layer outside the groove is subjected to bottom bulging and the maximum bulging height exceeds 10 cm, performing bottom lifting by using a pneumatic rock drill;
horizontally laying the FRP grids on the raised roadway bottom plate, and fixing the FRP grids on the roadway bottom plate through positioning bolts and nuts;
fifthly, laying the waste gangue generated in the bottom lifting step III on the upper part of the FRP grid fixed on the roadway floor;
step six, erecting a second layer of FRP grids on the laid first layer of waste gangue, and fixing the second layer of FRP grids through nuts and positioning bolts;
step seven, laying waste gangue on the upper part of the second layer of FRP grid;
step eight, laying a third layer of FRP grid above the waste gangue, and fixing the FRP grid on a positioning bolt through a nut;
step nine, injecting a fiber reinforced cement-based composite material taking coal gangue as an aggregate onto the waste coal gangue laid in the middle of the FRP grid until all gaps are filled;
and step ten, repeating the step four to the step nine until all filling work is finished.
Preferably, the groove has a width of 20-40 cm and a depth of 50 cm.
Preferably, one of the grooves is located at the center of the width of the roadway, and the other two grooves are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the center of the width of the roadway and are respectively 30-50 cm away from two sides of the roadway.
Preferably, the aggregate used in the fiber reinforced cement-based composite material is pulverized coal gangue.
Preferably, the cementitious material of the fibre-reinforced cement-based composite material is a fast hardening sulphoaluminate cement.
Preferably, the fiber material of the fiber reinforced cement-based composite material is an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber.
Preferably, the water of the fiber reinforced cement-based composite material is mine water subjected to underground purification treatment.
Preferably, the FRP mesh is a honeycomb three-dimensional structure produced by an extrusion molding process.
Preferably, the matrix material of the FRP mesh includes, but is not limited to, basalt fiber, glass fiber, and carbon fiber.
Preferably, the length of the FRP grid is the actual width of the roadway floor, and the width of the FRP grid is half of the length of the FRP grid.
Preferably, the fiber cement-based composite material can completely fill the gap of the waste gangue, and the pressure of a grouting pump for conveying the fiber cement-based composite material is not lower than 2 MPa.
The method for reinforcing and repairing the heaving floor roadway has the advantages that the Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) grid with light weight and high strength chemical characteristics is used as a main reinforcing material; the stress concentration of the roadway bottom plate can be effectively reduced by arranging the grooves on the roadway bottom plate, and a deformation space is provided for stress release of the roadway bottom plate; and sequentially injecting a fiber reinforced cement-based composite material into the groove, wherein the aggregate of the fiber reinforced cement-based composite material is coal gangue, the cementing material is quick-hardening sulphoaluminate cement, and the fiber material is ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene fiber. Because the rapid hardening sulphoaluminate water has the mechanical characteristics of high water-cement ratio, rapid hardening and high early strength, and the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber has the characteristic of large deformation, the fiber reinforced cement-based composite material prepared by adding mine water subjected to underground purification treatment into the coal gangue aggregate can meet the requirements of normal transportation and pedestrians within 1 day, and the rapid repair of the bottom bulging roadway is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a roadway without a floor heave in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a roadway after a floor heave occurs in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a process of grooving a roadway floor and injecting a fiber reinforced cement-based composite material according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a roadway floor after the roadway floor is grooved and the fiber reinforced cement-based composite material is injected into the roadway floor according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an FRP grid according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the overall construction process of the embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1-anchor rod; 2-a roadway roof; 3-two sides of the roadway; 4-roadway floor; 5-a rectangular groove; 6-fiber reinforced cement-based composite materials; 7-waste gangue; 8-FRP grid; 9-positioning bolts; 10-nut.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, will make the advantages and features of the invention easier to understand by those skilled in the art, and thus will clearly and clearly define the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, the method for reinforcing and repairing a heaving floor roadway according to the embodiment includes the following steps:
firstly, after a roadway top plate 2 and two sides 3 of a roadway are reinforced by using an anchor rod 1, a plurality of grooves are formed in a roadway bottom plate 4 along the roadway running direction, the width of each groove is 20-40 cm, and the depth of each groove is 30-50 cm. In the embodiment, three rectangular grooves 5 with the width of 20 cm and the depth of 50 cm are arranged; one of the rectangular grooves 5 is positioned at the center of the width of the roadway, and the other two rectangular grooves 5 are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the center of the width of the roadway and are respectively 30-50 cm away from the two sides 3 of the roadway. The stress concentration of the roadway bottom plate 4 can be effectively reduced by arranging the rectangular groove 5 on the roadway bottom plate 4, and a deformation space is provided for stress release of the roadway bottom plate 4;
step two, although 3 rectangular grooves 5 formed in the roadway floor 4 can provide space for stress relief, the roadway floor 4 after the rectangular grooves 5 are formed is not beneficial to normal transportation and pedestrians. In order to solve the above problem, the fiber cement-based composite material 6 is injected into the rectangular groove 5 in sequence. The fiber reinforced cement-based composite material 6 is composed of coal gangue aggregate, quick-hardening sulphoaluminate cement, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber and mine water. The fiber reinforced cement-based composite material 6 can complete the curing reaction in a short time, and can meet the requirements of normal transportation and pedestrians within 1 day generally, so that the rapid repair of the heaving floor roadway is realized.
And step three, when the bottom plate 4 (the bottom plate rock stratum outside the rectangular groove) of the roadway is bulged and the maximum bulging height exceeds 10 cm, performing bottom lifting by using a pneumatic rock drill. Wherein the 'bottoming' depth is 50 cm. The waste gangue 7 generated in the bottom lifting process is temporarily accumulated in the range within 5 meters of the bottom lifting position;
and fourthly, horizontally laying the FRP grids 8 on the raised roadway bottom plate 4, and fixing the FRP grids on the roadway bottom plate 4 through the positioning bolts 9 and the nuts 10. The FRP grid 8 is a honeycomb three-dimensional structure produced by an extrusion forming process, and the matrix materials of the FRP grid include but are not limited to basalt fibers, glass fibers and carbon fibers. The length of the FRP grid 8 is the actual width of the roadway bottom plate 4, and the width of the FRP grid 8 is half of the length of the roadway bottom plate. The positioning bolt 9 is a screw rod with a full-length tapping length of 40 cm. After the FRP grids 8 are paved, drilling holes are constructed in the holes of the FRP grids, and the positioning bolts 9 are anchored on the roadway bottom plate 4 through resin cartridges, wherein the depth of the drilling holes is 10 cm. Subsequently, the nut 10 is screwed through the FRP mesh 8 to fix the FRP mesh 8.
And fifthly, laying the waste gangue 7 on the upper part of the FRP grid 8 fixed on the roadway floor 4 through the positioning bolts 9 and the nuts 10, wherein the laying thickness is designed to be 20 cm. Considering the heterogeneity of the waste rock refuse 9, the designed laying thickness is the maximum height of the piled waste rock refuse 9 from the roadway floor 4. In order to ensure that the waste gangue 7 of the paved roadway bottom plate 4 is relatively stable, after the filling is finished, the surface of the roadway bottom plate is leveled by a shovel in a manual mode.
And step six, erecting a second layer of FRP grid 8 on the laid first layer of waste gangue 7, and fixing the second layer of FRP grid 8 and a positioning bolt 9 together through a nut 10. The second layer of FRP grid 8 and the first layer of FRP grid 8 laid on the roadway floor 4 are kept in parallel arrangement in spatial position.
And step seven, laying waste gangue 7 on the upper part of the second layer of FRP grid 8, wherein the laying thickness is designed to be 20 cm. The designed laying thickness is the maximum distance between the accumulated waste rock 7 and the upper edge of the second layer of FRP grid 8. In order to ensure that the laid waste rock 7 is relatively stable, after filling is finished, the surface of the waste rock is leveled by a shovel in a manual mode.
And step eight, paving a third layer of FRP grid 8 above the waste gangue 7. The third layer of FRP grid 8 and the second layer of FRP grid 8 are kept in parallel arrangement in space position and are fixed on a positioning bolt 9 through a nut 10.
Step nine, injecting the fiber reinforced cement-based composite material 6 taking the coal gangue as the aggregate onto the waste gangue 7 laid in the middle of the FRP grid 8 until all gaps are filled. In order to ensure that the fiber reinforced cement-based composite material 6 can completely fill the gap of the waste rock 7, the pressure of the grouting pump for conveying the fiber reinforced cement-based composite material 6 is not lower than 2 MPa.
And step ten, repeating the step four to the step nine until all filling work is finished.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concept and features of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.