CN114525379A - High-wear-resistance steel for coal mining and production method thereof - Google Patents

High-wear-resistance steel for coal mining and production method thereof Download PDF

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CN114525379A
CN114525379A CN202210137163.9A CN202210137163A CN114525379A CN 114525379 A CN114525379 A CN 114525379A CN 202210137163 A CN202210137163 A CN 202210137163A CN 114525379 A CN114525379 A CN 114525379A
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steel
coal mining
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翟冬雨
杨柳
张媛钰
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Nanjing Iron and Steel Co Ltd
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Nanjing Iron and Steel Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202210137163.9A priority Critical patent/CN114525379A/en
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Priority to PCT/CN2022/124119 priority patent/WO2023155447A1/en
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    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
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    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
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    • C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
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    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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    • C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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    • C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
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Abstract

The invention discloses high-wear-resistance steel for coal mining and application and a production method thereof, relating to the technical field of steel production, wherein the steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.15% -0.30%, Si: 0.20-0.50%, Mn: 0.90-1.40%, P is less than or equal to 0.015%, S is less than or equal to 0.0020%, Nb: less than or equal to 0.030 percent, V less than or equal to 0.020 percent, Ti: 0.008-0.015%, Cr: 0.30-0.90%, Ni is less than or equal to 0.60%, Mo: 0.20 to 0.50%, Al: 0.025-0.050%, B: 0.0010-0.0020%, Mg: 0.0010 to 0.0018 percent, less than or equal to 0.0045 percent of N, less than or equal to 0.0002 percent of H, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The product steel grade is 360-500 HBW, the thickness specification is 3-180 mm, the wear resistance of the product is improved through micro-alloyed dispersed particles, and the high-efficiency application of the wear-resistant steel in the coal mining and transporting process is promoted.

Description

High-wear-resistance steel for coal mining and production method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of steel production, and particularly relates to high-wear-resistance steel for coal mining and a production method thereof.
Background
The wear-resistant steel is low-alloy martensite steel with high strength and high wear resistance, is widely applied to the manufacturing of mechanical equipment in the field of coal machinery, requires the steel plate to have higher strength and hardness to improve the wear resistance of the steel plate, and simultaneously needs to have good low-temperature toughness and welding performance, the poor low-temperature toughness and welding performance can cause the problems of easy fracture, poor wear resistance and the like of the steel plate, and along with the quality improvement of large-scale and long service life of equipment in China, the quality requirement of low-alloy products with high strength and high wear resistance is higher and higher.
Because the content of the alloy elements is high, a casting blank and a steel plate can form a martensite structure in the cooling process after being heated, and can crack or form surface microcracks caused by intergranular cracks under the action of internal stress, so that customers can not normally use the steel.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to provide the high-wear-resistance steel for coal mining and transportation and the production method thereof, the grain size of the product is effectively reduced, the compactness of the structure is improved and the wear-resistance performance is improved by skillful matching of alloy elements and optimization of the production process, delayed cracks are avoided by secondary quenching, low-temperature tempering and flame cutting methods, and the use requirements of coal mining and transportation on the high-wear-resistance steel are met.
The technical scheme is as follows: the high-wear-resistance steel for coal mining comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.15% -0.30%, Si: 0.20-0.50%, Mn: 0.90-1.40%, P is less than or equal to 0.015%, S is less than or equal to 0.0020%, Nb: less than or equal to 0.030 percent, V less than or equal to 0.020 percent, Ti: 0.008-0.015%, Cr: 0.30-0.90%, Ni is less than or equal to 0.60%, Mo: 0.20 to 0.50%, Al: 0.025-0.050%, B: 0.0010-0.0020%, Mg: 0.0010 to 0.0018 percent, less than or equal to 0.0045 percent of N, less than or equal to 0.0002 percent of H, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Preferably, the composite material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.15% -0.20%, Si: 0.20-0.30%, Mn: 0.90-1.20%, P is less than or equal to 0.013%, S is less than or equal to 0.0015%, Nb: less than or equal to 0.030 percent, V less than or equal to 0.020 percent, Ti: 0.010-0.015 percent, Cr: 0.30-0.90%, Ni is less than or equal to 0.60%, Mo: 0.20 to 0.50%, Al: 0.025% -0.045%, B: 0.0010-0.0020%, Mg: 0.0010 to 0.0018 percent, less than or equal to 0.0045 percent of N, less than or equal to 0.0002 percent of H, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Preferably, the composite material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.20-0.28%, Si: 0.30-0.40%, Mn: 1.00-1.30%, P is less than or equal to 0.015%, S is less than or equal to 0.0020%, Nb: 0.010-0.020%, V is less than or equal to 0.020%, and Ti: 0.010-0.015 percent, Cr: 0.50-0.70%, Ni is less than or equal to 0.60%, Mo: 0.30-0.40%, Al: 0.030-0.050%, B: 0.0010-0.0020%, Mg: 0.0010 to 0.0018 percent, less than or equal to 0.0045 percent of N, less than or equal to 0.0002 percent of H, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Preferably, the composite material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.20-0.30%, Si: 0.30-0.50%, Mn: 1.10-1.40%, P is less than or equal to 0.015%, S is less than or equal to 0.0020%, Nb: 0.020-0.030%, V is less than or equal to 0.020%, and Ti: 0.008-0.013%, Cr: 0.70-0.90%, Ni less than or equal to 0.60%, Mo: 0.40-0.50%, Al: 0.035-0.050%, B: 0.0010-0.0020%, Mg: 0.0010 to 0.0018 percent, less than or equal to 0.0045 percent of N, less than or equal to 0.0002 percent of H, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The invention also provides a production method of the high-wear-resistance steel for coal mining, which comprises the following steps:
s1, molten iron is desulfurized, slag is removed, the molten iron is smelted in a converter and then is sent to LF/RH for refining treatment, RH vacuum treatment lasts for 10-30 min, magnesium and aluminum wires are used for magnesium treatment after molten steel vacuum treatment, ferroboron wires are roasted after magnesium treatment is finished, and static stirring is carried out for 15-20 min after wire feeding is finished;
s2, casting the molten steel after vacuum treatment, adopting an electromagnetic stirring process, and after hot inspection of the blank, putting the blank into a heating type heat preservation pit for hydrogen diffusion;
s3, heating the steel plate with the temperature of 1150 +/-20 ℃ in a heating furnace, rolling the steel plate with the temperature of less than 18mm by adopting a conventional method, controlling the rolling temperature of the steel plate with the temperature of less than or equal to 930 ℃ and the rolling temperature of the steel plate with the temperature of 18mm or more by adopting a control method, wherein the final rolling temperature is less than or equal to 900 ℃;
s4, quenching and tempering the rolled steel plate, setting the primary quenching temperature to be 900-920 ℃, preserving heat for 20-40 min, and cooling by water; setting the secondary quenching temperature to be 850-870 ℃, preserving the heat for 20-30 min, and cooling by water; tempering and heating at 200-300 ℃, preserving heat for 30-50 min, and air cooling;
s5, heating the steel plate to 120-150 ℃ by using an electronic heating pad after tempering, discharging from the furnace, cutting by using a combustion gun, covering a fireproof heat-preservation cotton after cutting, and slowly cooling to room temperature to eliminate stress generated by cutting;
and S6, marking the divided steel plate according to the performance requirement to obtain the final product.
6. The method for producing a high wear-resistant steel for coal mining according to claim 5, wherein in step S1, the molten iron is desulfurized in a KR furnace.
Further, in step S2, the current of the electromagnetic stirring process is 180-280A, the frequency is 6-11A, and the casting speed is 0.6-1.2 m/min.
Further, in the step S2, the heat preservation temperature of the heat preservation pit is 600-650 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 30-60 min.
Further, in step S5, the cutting starting speed is 160-200 mm/min, and the cutting speed is 350-380 mm/min.
Has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:
(1) the component design adopts the hydrogen control element, avoids the cracking induced by stress crack in the process of heap cooling and slow cooling of the martensitic steel, controls the nitrogen element, and avoids the generation of crystal interpass delay crack induced by large-size (Ti, Nb) N inclusions; the hardenability of the steel plate can be effectively improved by the boron element, and more boron element is added to combine with nitrogen to form a stable BN precipitate; the binding force of the Ti element and the N element is far higher than that of the B element, so that a proper amount of the Ti element can be added into steel to be combined with the N to form TiN precipitates, the N element is fixed, the B element is dissociated, the hardenability is improved, and meanwhile, the nano TiN plays a role in refining grains; however, because the Ti element and the N element have strong binding force, when the Ti element is added into the steel in a large amount, the Ti element is inevitable to form micron-sized TiN inclusions or long-strip TiC inclusions with regular shapes and sharp corners, H atoms are easy to capture, and hydrogen-induced delayed cracks are induced; the Nb element can be combined with the N element to form NbN precipitates, the N element is fixed, the B element is free, but the bonding force of the Nb element is weaker than that of the Ti element, the addition amount of the Ti element is reduced, and meanwhile, a small amount of Nb element is added into the steel to achieve the effect of fixing the N element; the combined addition of Mo and Nb can increase the effectiveness of B element, so that Mo element with content higher than that of conventional Mo element and a proper amount of Nb element can be selectively added into steel to fix N element, so that the B element is in a free state and plays the role of the B element, and meanwhile, the addition of Mo can improve the hardenability of the steel plate, is beneficial to the production of martensite and improves the strength of the steel plate; al element also has a certain N fixing function, but the Al element is firstly combined with O element in steel to generate Al2O3, the content of aluminum is properly controlled to improve the product performance and reduce the production of inclusions;
(2) the magnesium metallurgy technology is adopted to replace the calcium treatment technology, the magnesium metallurgy technology is applied to high-carbon low-alloy martensitic steel, the tissue grain size is refined, simple magnesium aluminate spinel inclusions are generated to replace calcium aluminate inclusions, and nanoscale inclusions are obtained, so that the wear resistance of the product is improved;
(3) and secondary quenching is adopted, and simultaneously, the cutting process is optimally designed, so that the influence of components on the stress of the steel plate is avoided, and the occurrence of cutting cracks is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a metallographic structure diagram of example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the attached drawings.
Example 1
The high-wear-resistance steel for coal mining and the production method thereof provided by the embodiment have the steel plate thickness specification of 22mm, and the steel plate comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: 0.18%, Si: 0.23%, Mn: 0.99%, P: 0.01: 1%, S: 0.0012%, Nb: 0.009%, V: 0.03%, Ti: 0.013%, Cr: 0.56%, Ni: 0.02%, Mo: 0.39%, Al: 0.036%, B: 0.0017%, Mg: 0.0015%, N: 0.00: 33%, H: 0.000: 11%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The manufacturing method comprises the following steps:
s1, desulfurizing molten iron by a KR furnace, desulfurizing and slagging the molten iron, smelting in a converter, conveying to LF/RH for refining treatment, carrying out RH vacuum treatment for 16min, carrying out magnesium treatment by a magnesium-aluminum wire after the molten iron is subjected to vacuum treatment, stewing the molten iron wire after the magnesium treatment is finished, and statically stirring for 18min after the wire feeding is finished;
s2, casting the molten steel after vacuum treatment, adopting an electromagnetic stirring process, carrying out current 260A, frequency 9A and casting speed 0.75m/min, carrying out thermal detection on the blank, then putting the blank into a heating type heat preservation pit for hydrogen diffusion, and preserving heat at 630 ℃ for 45 min;
s3, heating the steel plate at 1161 ℃ by using a heating furnace, and performing controlled rolling on the steel plate at 878 ℃;
s4, quenching and tempering the rolled steel plate, setting the primary quenching temperature to be 9 and 15 ℃, preserving heat for 26min, and cooling by water; setting the secondary quenching temperature to 865 ℃, preserving the heat for 25min, and cooling by water; tempering and heating at 280 ℃, preserving heat for 33min, and air cooling;
s5, heating the steel plate to 136 ℃ by using an electronic heating pad after tempering, taking the steel plate out of the furnace, cutting the steel plate by using a combustion gun, starting the cutting at a speed of 180mm/min and cutting at a speed of 360mm/min, covering refractory heat-insulating cotton after cutting, and slowly cooling the steel plate to room temperature to eliminate stress generated by cutting;
and S6, marking, warehousing and shipping the divided steel plates according to the performance requirements.
Example 2
The high-wear-resistance steel for coal mining and the production method thereof provided by the embodiment have the steel plate thickness specification of 16mm, and the steel plate comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.27%, Si: 0.31%, Mn: 1.23%, P: 0.013%, S: 0.0011%, Nb: 0.017%, V: 0.0020%, Ti: 0.011%, Cr: 0.59%, Ni: 0.02%, Mo: 0.33%, Al: 0.039%, B: 0.0015%, Mg: 0.0016%, N: 0.0041%, H: 0.00011%, the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities.
The manufacturing method comprises the following steps:
s1, desulfurizing molten iron by a KR furnace, desulfurizing and slagging the molten iron, smelting in a converter, then conveying to LF/RH for refining treatment, carrying out RH vacuum treatment for 20min, carrying out magnesium treatment by a magnesium-aluminum wire after the molten iron is subjected to vacuum treatment, stewing the molten iron wire after the magnesium treatment is finished, and statically stirring for 18min after the wire feeding is finished;
s2, casting the molten steel after vacuum treatment, wherein an electromagnetic stirring process is adopted, the current is 200A, the frequency is 10A, the casting speed is 1.1m/min, the blank is subjected to heat detection and then is put into a heating type heat preservation pit for hydrogen diffusion, the heat preservation temperature is 640 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 36 min;
s3, heating the steel plate by a heating furnace at the heating temperature of 1168 ℃, and conventionally rolling the steel plate;
s4, quenching and tempering the rolled steel plate, setting the primary quenching temperature to be 915 ℃, keeping the temperature for 35min, and cooling by water; setting the secondary quenching temperature to 855 ℃, keeping the temperature for 26min, and cooling by water; tempering and heating at 230 ℃, preserving heat for 41min, and air cooling;
s5, heating the steel plate to 130 ℃ by using an electronic heating pad after tempering, discharging from the furnace, cutting by using a combustion gun, starting the cutting at the speed of 190mm/min and cutting at the speed of 370mm/min, covering refractory heat-insulating cotton after cutting, and slowly cooling to room temperature to eliminate stress generated by cutting;
and S6, marking, warehousing and shipping the divided steel plates according to the performance requirements.
Example 3
The high-wear-resistance steel for coal mining and the production method thereof provided by the embodiment have the steel plate thickness specification of 90mm, and the steel plate comprises the following chemical components in percentage by mass: c: 0.29%, Si: 0.41%, Mn: 1.36%, P: 0.009%, S: 0.0008%, Nb: 0.029%, V: 0.0030%, Ti: 0.012%, Cr: 0.79%, Ni: 0.03%, Mo: 0.47%, Al: 0.043%, B: 0.00170%, Mg: 0.0016%, N: 0.0040%, H: 0.00010% and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The manufacturing method comprises the following steps:
s1, desulfurizing molten iron by a KR furnace, desulfurizing and slagging the molten iron, smelting in a converter, conveying to LF/RH for refining treatment, carrying out RH vacuum treatment for 17min, carrying out magnesium treatment by a magnesium-aluminum wire after the molten iron is subjected to vacuum treatment, stewing the molten iron wire after the magnesium treatment is finished, and statically stirring for 19min after the wire feeding is finished;
s2, casting the molten steel after vacuum treatment, wherein an electromagnetic stirring process is adopted, the current is 260A, the frequency is 6A, the casting speed is 0.65m/min, the blank is subjected to heat detection and then is put into a heating type heat preservation pit for hydrogen diffusion, the heat preservation temperature is 610 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 55 min;
s3, heating the steel plate by a heating furnace at the heating temperature of 1135 ℃, and performing controlled rolling on the steel plate at the finish rolling temperature of 770 ℃;
s4, quenching and tempering the rolled steel plate, setting the primary quenching temperature to be 905 ℃, keeping the temperature for 35min, and cooling by water; setting the secondary quenching temperature to 855 ℃, keeping the temperature for 28min, and cooling by water; tempering and heating at 220 ℃, preserving heat for 45min, and air cooling;
s5, heating the steel plate to 121 ℃ by using an electronic heating pad after tempering, taking the steel plate out of the furnace, cutting by using a combustion gun, starting the cutting at a speed of 165mm/min and cutting at a speed of 360mm/min, covering refractory heat-insulating cotton after cutting, and slowly cooling to room temperature to eliminate stress generated by cutting;
and S6, marking, warehousing and shipping the divided steel plates according to the performance requirements.
Examples mechanical properties:
Figure BDA0003504807590000061
according to the characteristics of the product, the composition design of the steel plate is deeply researched, the production of large-size inclusions is reduced, the magnesium metallurgy technology is used for the first time, the nano-scale inclusions are obtained, the structure grain size is effectively refined, the structure grain size is refined through the optimization of austenitizing temperature, the wear resistance of the high-strength martensitic structure steel is improved through the refinement of the purity and the grain size of molten steel, the structure grain is refined by adopting the optimization process of secondary quenching, the structure stress is eliminated, the occurrence of delayed cracks of the high-strength martensitic steel is solved, and the high wear resistance of the product in coal mining is improved.

Claims (9)

1. The high-wear-resistance steel for coal mining is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: c: 0.15% -0.30%, Si: 0.20-0.50%, Mn: 0.90-1.40%, P is less than or equal to 0.015%, S is less than or equal to 0.0020%, Nb: less than or equal to 0.030 percent, V less than or equal to 0.020 percent, Ti: 0.008-0.015%, Cr: 0.30-0.90%, Ni is less than or equal to 0.60%, Mo: 0.20 to 0.50%, Al: 0.025-0.050%, B: 0.0010-0.0020%, Mg: 0.0010 to 0.0018 percent, less than or equal to 0.0045 percent of N, less than or equal to 0.0002 percent of H, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
2. The high wear-resistant steel for coal mining according to claim 1, comprising by mass: c: 0.15% -0.20%, Si: 0.20-0.30%, Mn: 0.90-1.20%, P is less than or equal to 0.013%, S is less than or equal to 0.0015%, Nb: less than or equal to 0.030 percent, V less than or equal to 0.020 percent, Ti: 0.010-0.015 percent, Cr: 0.30-0.90%, Ni is less than or equal to 0.60%, Mo: 0.20 to 0.50%, Al: 0.025% -0.045%, B: 0.0010-0.0020%, Mg: 0.0010 to 0.0018 percent, less than or equal to 0.0045 percent of N, less than or equal to 0.0002 percent of H, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
3. The high wear-resistant steel for coal mining according to claim 1, comprising by mass: c: 0.20-0.28%, Si: 0.30-0.40%, Mn: 1.00-1.30%, P is less than or equal to 0.015%, S is less than or equal to 0.0020%, Nb: 0.010-0.020%, V is less than or equal to 0.020%, and Ti: 0.010-0.015%, Cr: 0.50-0.70%, Ni is less than or equal to 0.60%, Mo: 0.30-0.40%, Al: 0.030-0.050%, B: 0.0010-0.0020%, Mg: 0.0010 to 0.0018 percent, less than or equal to 0.0045 percent of N, less than or equal to 0.0002 percent of H, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
4. The high wear-resistant steel for coal mining according to claim 1, characterized by comprising, by mass: c: 0.20-0.30%, Si: 0.30-0.50%, Mn: 1.10-1.40%, P is less than or equal to 0.015%, S is less than or equal to 0.0020%, Nb: 0.020-0.030%, V is less than or equal to 0.020%, and Ti: 0.008-0.013%, Cr: 0.70-0.90%, Ni less than or equal to 0.60%, Mo: 0.40-0.50%, Al: 0.035% -0.050%, B: 0.0010-0.0020%, Mg: 0.0010 to 0.0018 percent, less than or equal to 0.0045 percent of N, less than or equal to 0.0002 percent of H, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
5. A method for producing the high wear-resistant steel for coal mining according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by comprising the steps of:
s1, molten iron is desulfurized, slag is removed, the molten iron is smelted in a converter and then is sent to LF/RH for refining treatment, RH vacuum treatment lasts for 10-30 min, magnesium and aluminum wires are used for magnesium treatment after molten steel vacuum treatment, ferroboron wires are roasted after magnesium treatment is finished, and static stirring is carried out for 15-20 min after wire feeding is finished;
s2, casting the molten steel after vacuum treatment, adopting an electromagnetic stirring process, and after hot inspection of the blank, putting the blank into a heating type heat preservation pit for hydrogen diffusion;
s3, heating the steel plate with the temperature of 1150 +/-20 ℃ in a heating furnace, rolling the steel plate with the temperature of less than 18mm by adopting a conventional method, controlling the rolling temperature of the steel plate with the temperature of less than or equal to 930 ℃ and the rolling temperature of the steel plate with the temperature of 18mm or more by adopting a control method, wherein the final rolling temperature is less than or equal to 900 ℃;
s4, quenching and tempering the rolled steel plate, setting the primary quenching temperature to be 900-920 ℃, preserving the heat for 20-40 min, and cooling by water; setting the secondary quenching temperature to be 850-870 ℃, preserving the heat for 20-30 min, and cooling by water; tempering and heating at 200-300 ℃, preserving heat for 30-50 min, and air cooling;
s5, heating the steel plate to 120-150 ℃ by using an electronic heating pad after tempering, discharging from the furnace, cutting by using a combustion gun, covering a fireproof heat-preservation cotton after cutting, and slowly cooling to room temperature to eliminate stress generated by cutting;
and S6, marking the divided steel plate according to the performance requirement to obtain the final product.
6. The method for producing a high wear-resistant steel for coal mining according to claim 5, wherein in step S1, the molten iron is desulfurized in a KR furnace.
7. The production method of the high-wear-resistance steel for coal mining and utilization according to claim 5, wherein in the step S2, the current of the electromagnetic stirring process is 180-280A, the frequency is 6-11A, and the casting speed is 0.6-1.2 m/min.
8. The production method of the high-wear-resistance steel for coal mining according to claim 5, wherein in step S2, the heat preservation temperature of the heat preservation pit is 600-650 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 30-60 min.
9. The production method of the high wear-resistant steel for coal mining according to claim 5, wherein in step S5, the cutting starting speed is 160-200 mm/min, and the cutting speed is 350-380 mm/min.
CN202210137163.9A 2022-02-15 2022-02-15 High-wear-resistance steel for coal mining and production method thereof Pending CN114525379A (en)

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