CN114524683B - Multifunctional thin heat-insulating material for building outer wall and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Multifunctional thin heat-insulating material for building outer wall and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN114524683B
CN114524683B CN202210286122.6A CN202210286122A CN114524683B CN 114524683 B CN114524683 B CN 114524683B CN 202210286122 A CN202210286122 A CN 202210286122A CN 114524683 B CN114524683 B CN 114524683B
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heat
agent
building
wall
mixture
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CN114524683A (en
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袁攀
王增玉
吴小飞
彭志渊
杨帆
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Tianyi Construction Development Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/04—Portland cements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/30—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values
    • C04B2201/32—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for heat transfer properties such as thermal insulation values, e.g. R-values for the thermal conductivity, e.g. K-factors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
    • C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/90—Passive houses; Double facade technology

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of preparation of external wall insulation materials, and particularly discloses a multifunctional thin thermal insulation material for an external wall of a building and a preparation method thereof. The utility model provides a multi-functional thin body heat insulation material of building outer wall mainly is made by following raw materials: cement, fly ash and water; a heat insulating agent, a heat insulating auxiliary agent and a foaming agent; the preparation method comprises the following steps of (1) mixing material A: mixing the raw materials of the components to obtain a mixture A; (2) mixing material B: mixing the component B to obtain a mixture B; (3) preparing a heat-insulating material: and mixing the mixture A and the mixture B, pouring the mixture into a prefabricated model, curing and drying after initial setting to obtain the concrete. The heat insulation material prepared by the application has good heat insulation performance and good compressive strength.

Description

Multifunctional thin heat-insulating material for building outer wall and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of preparation of external wall heat-insulating materials, in particular to a multifunctional thin heat-insulating material for an external wall of a building and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The building is corroded by external wind and sunlight for a long time, the service life of the building can be prolonged by the good outer wall, the building outer wall is used as the outermost layer structure of the building and is mainly formed by concrete mortar in a curing mode, and the resistance of the building to the external corrosion of the natural environment is directly influenced by the quality of the heat preservation technology of the building outer wall.
At present, the heat insulation layer made of heat insulation materials is added into the outer wall, so that the heat insulation effect of the outer wall is improved, and more heat insulation materials are mainly made of polystyrene board materials, so that the heat insulation performance of the heat insulation materials is improved.
In view of the above-mentioned related art, the inventors consider that the compressive strength of the insulation material made of the polystyrene board is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the heat insulation performance and compressive strength of the heat insulation material, the application provides a multifunctional thin heat insulation material for a building outer wall and a preparation method thereof.
In a first aspect, the application provides a multifunctional thin heat insulation material for an outer wall of a building, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a multifunctional thin heat insulation material for building outer walls is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: the component A comprises: 30-50 parts of cement, 5-10 parts of fly ash and 20-30 parts of water; and B component: 1-2 parts of a heat insulating agent, 1-2 parts of a heat insulating auxiliary agent and 1-3 parts of a foaming agent, wherein the heat insulating agent is at least two of expanded and vitrified micro-beads, paper honeycombs and porous titanium dioxide microspheres, and the heat insulating auxiliary agent consists of an anti-crack silicon waterproof agent, aluminum silicate fibers, a lithium-based curing agent and alumina according to the mass ratio of (3-5) to (2-3).
By adopting the technical scheme, the foaming agent can reduce the surface tension of the liquid to form closed foam pores, so that the porosity of the heat-insulating material is improved, and the heat-insulating effect of the heat-insulating material is further improved; the heat insulating agent is a porous material, has small particle size and large specific surface area, is convenient to distribute in the heat insulating material, has good compatibility with other components in the heat insulating material, can be filled in the heat insulating material as a filler to improve the compressive strength of the heat insulating material on one hand, and is convenient to further improve the porosity of the heat insulating material on the other hand, thereby improving the heat insulating property of the heat insulating material; the heat insulation auxiliary agent is obtained by compounding multiple components of an anti-cracking siliceous waterproof agent, aluminum silicate fibers, a lithium-based curing agent and alumina, wherein the anti-cracking siliceous waterproof agent is used for improving the waterproofness of the heat insulation material so as to reduce the influence of moisture on the heat insulation material; the lithium-based curing agent has good permeability, is convenient to produce magnesium fluoride and calcium fluoride with calcium hydroxide serving as a hydration product of cement, fills gaps of the heat-insulating material, effectively reduces the probability of crack generation and expansion, and further improves the compressive strength of the heat-insulating material; the alumina is convenient to react with calcium hydroxide released during hydration of cement to form calcium silicate gel, so that the compactness of the heat-insulating material is improved, and the compressive strength of the heat-insulating material is improved; the foaming agent and the heat insulating agent are matched with each other, so that the heat insulating property of the heat insulating material is improved, and the addition of the heat insulating auxiliary agent is convenient for further improving the physical property of the heat insulating material, so that the heat insulating property of the heat insulating material is improved.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the heat insulating agent to the heat insulating auxiliary agent to the foaming agent is (1.3-1.8) to (1.5-1.9) to (2.3-2.7).
By adopting the technical scheme, the proportion of the three components of the heat insulating agent, the heat insulating auxiliary agent and the foaming agent is optimized, and then the proportion of the three components reaches the best, the heat insulating agent is a porous material, and then the porosity of the heat insulating material is improved, and the foaming agent is added, so that the foaming agent is matched with the heat insulating agent, the porosity of the heat insulating material is convenient to further improve, and further the heat insulating property of the heat insulating material is improved.
Preferably, the heat insulating agent consists of expanded and vitrified micro-beads, paper honeycombs and porous titanium dioxide microspheres in a mass ratio of (2-3) to (5-6).
By adopting the technical scheme, the expanded and vitrified micro bubbles have low water absorption rate, porous interior, closed surface vitrification and stable physical and chemical properties, are light in weight and ageing-resistant, are distributed in the heat-insulating material and play a great role in blocking heat conduction; the paper honeycomb is similar to a bee nest, has the characteristic of porosity, has the properties of light weight, high strength and high modulus, and is added into the heat insulation material, so that the porosity of the heat insulation material is improved, and the heat insulation performance of the heat insulation material is further improved; the porous titanium dioxide microspheres have the advantages of large particles, small crystal grain size, high specific surface area, multiple pores and the like, the porosity of the thermal insulation material is favorably improved due to the multiple pores, the thermal insulation performance of the thermal insulation material is further improved, the expanded and vitrified micro bubbles and the porous titanium dioxide microspheres are mutually mixed, the filling into honeycomb holes of the paper honeycomb is facilitated, and the compressive strength of the thermal insulation material is further conveniently improved on the premise of improving the thermal insulation performance of the thermal insulation material.
Preferably, the paper honeycomb is a modified paper honeycomb, and the preparation method of the modified paper honeycomb comprises the following steps: the silica aerogel is placed into the glue solution for gluing, and the glued silica aerogel is placed into honeycomb holes of the paper honeycomb, so that the thermal conductivity coefficient of the silica aerogel is small, and the thermal insulation performance of the thermal insulation material is further improved.
Preferably, the glue solution is polyvinyl acetate emulsion.
By adopting the technical scheme, the silica aerogel is freely and loosely filled in honeycomb holes of the paper honeycomb, and is fixed by the glue solution, so that a subarea local thermal radiation heat transfer phenomenon is formed, the radiation space is reduced to be in the cavity and the micro-gap from the unit honeycomb for radiation heat transfer, the subarea local thermal radiation heat transfer phenomenon is formed, the porous structure of the silica aerogel is convenient for inhibiting heat conduction and gas heat transfer, and the heat insulation performance is excellent.
Preferably, the foaming agent consists of sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate in a mass ratio of (2-3) to (2-5).
By adopting the technical scheme, the sodium dodecyl sulfate and the sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate are mutually matched, so that the stability of the foam is convenient to improve, and meanwhile, the generated foam has extremely strong three-dimensional tension and toughness, so that the air holes keep the original state of the air holes in the heat-insulating material, and the air holes are not defoamed or collapsed, are in an independent closed homogeneous microporous structure after being hardened, and further improve the heat-insulating property of the heat-insulating material.
Preferably, the particle size of the expanded and vitrified micro bubbles is 2mm-3mm.
By adopting the technical scheme, the smaller the particle size of the expanded and vitrified small balls is, the more uniform the particle size distribution in the heat insulation material is, and the better the compatibility with other components of the heat insulation material is, so that the compactness and the compressive strength of the heat insulation material are improved while the heat insulation performance of the heat insulation material is improved.
Preferably, the fly ash is extracted fly ash residue, and the extracted fly ash residue comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 5.84% of alumina, 8978% of silicon dioxide, 8978% of zxft 8978%, 2.01% of ferric oxide, 35% of titanium dioxide, 0.02% of potassium oxide, 1.93% of sodium oxide, 38.57% of calcium oxide and 0.78% of magnesium oxide, and the loss on ignition is 16%.
By adopting the technical scheme, the gaps between cement and other components can be reduced by the extracted fly ash residues, the dispersity among the components of the raw materials is improved, the compactness of the heat-insulating material is improved, and the extracted fly ash residues contain a large number of micropores and a very high specific surface area, so that the heat-insulating property of the heat-insulating material is improved.
Preferably, the component A also comprises 1-2 parts by weight of a foam stabilizer, wherein the foam stabilizer consists of dodecanol, gelatin and styrene maleic anhydride in a mass ratio of (1-2) to (2-3).
By adopting the technical scheme, the gelatin and the dodecanol can play a role in stabilizing bubbles in the foaming process of the foaming agent, improve the size and the distribution of the pore diameters of the bubbles, avoid the generated bubbles from being too fast and too large, increase the surface strength of the bubbles, ensure that the bubbles are not easy to break, greatly reduce the through pores during mixing and stirring, and ensure that the pore structure of the heat-insulating material is more reasonable; the lauryl alcohol has long foam stabilizing time, and the styrene maleic anhydride has the function of anionic surface activity, so that the foam stabilizing function of gelatin and lauryl alcohol is improved conveniently.
Preferably, the silica aerogel is a modified silica aerogel, and the preparation method of the modified silica aerogel comprises the following steps: 1) Pouring tetraethoxysilane and half of absolute ethyl alcohol into a sealed plastic cup to obtain a mixed solution A, stirring for 10min to uniformly mix the mixed solution A, adding a mixed solution of water and hydrofluoric acid, stirring for 5min to obtain a mixed solution B, sealing, standing at room temperature to enable the mixed solution B to undergo hydrolysis and polycondensation reactions to generate gel, aging for 1 day at normal temperature after the gel is formed, adding the rest absolute ethyl alcohol, and continuing aging for 1 day in a water bath at 60 ℃;
2) Pouring a normal hexane solution of trimethylchlorosilane with the volume fraction of 8% into a sealed plastic cup, and then putting the plastic cup into a water bath with the temperature of 60 ℃ for keeping the temperature for 12 hours, and repeating for 2 times;
3) And (3) putting the gel into a high-pressure kettle for supercritical drying to obtain the modified silicon oxide aerogel. Wherein the mass ratio of the tetraethoxysilane to the absolute ethyl alcohol to the water to the hydrofluoric acid is 1.
In a second aspect, the application provides a preparation method of a multifunctional thin heat insulation material for an exterior wall of a building, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for preparing a multifunctional thin heat-insulating material for an outer wall of a building comprises the following steps of (1) mixing a material A: mixing the raw materials of the components to obtain a mixture A; (2) mixing material B: mixing the component B to obtain a mixture B; if foam stabilizer needs to be added, adding the foam stabilizer in the current step; (3) preparing a heat insulation material: and mixing the mixture A and the mixture B, pouring the mixture into a prefabricated model, curing and drying after initial setting to obtain the concrete.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, this application is through heat insulating agent, thermal-insulated auxiliary agent interact, and the heat insulating agent is used for improving insulation material's porosity, and then improves insulation material's heat-proof quality, and the stability that insulation material is thermal-insulated is convenient for further improve to the thermal-insulated stability of realization insulation material that separates of adding of thermal-insulated auxiliary agent to better.
1. The utility model provides an add foamer and heat insulating agent among the multi-functional thin thermal-insulated insulation material of building outer wall, foamer and heat insulating agent improve insulation material's porosity jointly, and then improve insulation material's thermal-insulated effect, and the joining of thermal-insulated auxiliary agent is convenient for improve insulation material's waterproof nature and compressive strength, and then improves insulation material's heat preservation effect.
2. The heat insulating agent in the multifunctional thin heat insulating material for the outer wall of the building is obtained by compounding expanded and vitrified micro-beads, paper honeycombs and porous titanium dioxide microspheres, the expanded and vitrified micro-beads have low water absorption rate, the interior is porous, and the paper honeycombs have the characteristic of being porous and have the properties of light weight, high strength and high modulus; the porous titanium dioxide microspheres have large particles, small crystal grain size, high specific surface area and multiple pores, and are filled in the honeycomb grids of the paper honeycombs with the expanded and vitrified micro bubbles, so that the heat insulation performance of the heat insulation material is further improved.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Optionally, the preparation method of the porous titanium dioxide microspheres comprises the following steps: weighing 30.3g of industrial metatitanic acid, placing the industrial metatitanic acid in a beaker, adding 60mL of deionized water, placing the beaker in an ultrasonic cleaner, stirring the mixture while carrying out ultrasonic treatment until the mixture is uniform, pouring the mixed industrial metatitanic acid solution into a 100mL hydrothermal reaction kettle, and placing the kettle in a drying ovenHydrothermal crystallization reaction was carried out at a reaction temperature of 140 ℃ for 8 hours. Taking out the reaction kettle after the reaction is finished, washing the outer surface of the reaction kettle by tap water until the reaction kettle is cooled to room temperature, and filtering and washing the reaction product to obtain hydrated TiO 2 Precipitating, and hydrothermally crystallizing industrial metatitanic acid to obtain hydrated TiO 2 Drying in an oven at 80 deg.C for 10 hr, and calcining at 500 deg.C for 2 hr.
Optionally, the particle size of the porous titanium dioxide microspheres is 2-3mm.
Optionally, the preparation method of the modified paper honeycomb comprises the following steps: and (3) placing the silica aerogel into the glue solution for gluing, wherein the glue layer is 1mm, and placing the glued silica aerogel into honeycomb holes of the paper honeycomb.
Optionally, the silica aerogel is a modified silica aerogel, and the preparation method of the modified silica aerogel comprises the following steps:
1) Pouring tetraethoxysilane and half of absolute ethyl alcohol into a sealed plastic cup to obtain a mixed solution A, stirring for 10min to uniformly mix the mixed solution A, adding a mixed solution of water and hydrofluoric acid, stirring for 5min to obtain a mixed solution B, sealing, standing at room temperature to enable the mixed solution B to undergo hydrolysis and polycondensation reactions to generate gel, aging for 1 day at normal temperature after the gel is formed, adding the rest absolute ethyl alcohol, and continuing aging for 1 day in a water bath at 60 ℃;
2) Pouring a normal hexane solution of trimethylchlorosilane with the volume fraction of 8% into a sealed plastic cup, and then putting the plastic cup into a water bath with the temperature of 60 ℃ for keeping the temperature for 12 hours, and repeating for 2 times;
3) And (3) putting the gel into a high-pressure kettle for supercritical drying to obtain the modified silicon oxide aerogel. Wherein the mass ratio of the ethyl orthosilicate, the absolute ethyl alcohol, the water and the hydrofluoric acid is 1.
Optionally, the particle size of the porous titanium dioxide microspheres is 2-3mm.
Optionally, the silica aerogel has a particle size of 1-5mm.
Optionally, the cement is 52.5 Portland cement.
Optionally, the particle size of the expanded and vitrified micro bubbles is 2mm-3mm.
Optionally, the paper honeycomb is a paper honeycomb plate, the thickness of the paper honeycomb plate is 10-15mm, and the pore diameter of the honeycomb is 5-10mm.
Optionally, the manufacturer of the anti-crack siliceous waterproofing agent is Jinan Chengshou novel building materials Co, with the product number of CS-526.
Optionally, the particle size of the alumina is 2-8mm.
Optionally, the fly ash comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 4.7% of CaO and 53.8% of SiO 2 33.4% of Al 2 O 3 3.5% of Fe 2 O 3 1.4% of MgO and 0.8% of Na 2 O, 0.7% of K 2 O, 0.1% SO 3 。
Examples
Example 1
The multifunctional thin heat-insulation material for the building outer wall is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the component A comprises: 30kg of cement, 5kg of fly ash and 20kg of water; the cement is 52.5 ordinary portland cement; the fly ash comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 4.7% of CaO and 53.8% of SiO 2 33.4% of Al 2 O 3 3.5% of Fe 2 O 3 1.4% of MgO and 0.8% of Na 2 O, 0.7% of K 2 O, 0.1% SO 3 ；
And B component: 1kg of heat insulating agent, 1kg of heat insulating auxiliary agent and 1kg of foaming agent; the heat insulating agent consists of expanded and vitrified micro bubbles and paper honeycombs according to a mass ratio of 1:1, the particle size of the expanded and vitrified micro bubbles is 2mm-3mm, the paper honeycombs are paper honeycomb plates, and the thickness of the paper honeycomb plates is 10-15mm. The aperture of the honeycomb is 5-10mm, the heat insulation auxiliary agent is composed of an anti-cracking silicon waterproof agent, aluminum silicate fibers, a lithium-based curing agent and alumina according to the mass ratio of 3.
The preparation method of the multifunctional thin heat insulation material for the building outer wall comprises the following steps: (1) mixing material A: uniformly mixing cement, fly ash and water to obtain a mixture A; (2) mixing material B: uniformly mixing the heat insulating agent, the heat insulating auxiliary agent and the foaming agent to obtain a mixture B; (3) preparing a heat insulation material: and (3) mixing the mixture A prepared in the step (1) and the mixture B prepared in the step (2), pouring the mixture into a prefabricated model, curing and drying after initial setting to obtain the concrete.
Examples 2 to 5
Examples 2 to 5 show the multifunctional thin thermal insulation material for the building outer wall with different raw material ratios, and the raw material ratio of the multifunctional thin thermal insulation material for the building outer wall corresponding to each example is shown in table 1, and the ratio unit is kg.
TABLE 1 raw materials ratio of multifunctional thin heat-insulating material for building external wall
Figure BDA0003560000500000061
The multifunctional thin heat insulation material for the outer wall of the building of the embodiment 2 to 5 is different from the embodiment 1 in that: the raw material components of the multifunctional thin heat-insulating material for the outer wall of the building have different proportions, and the rest is completely the same as that in the embodiment 1.
The preparation method of the multifunctional thin heat-insulating material for the outer wall of the building of the embodiments 2 to 5 is completely the same as that of the embodiment 1.
Example 6
This embodiment is different from embodiment 4 in that: the heat insulation auxiliary agent is prepared from an anti-cracking siliceous waterproof agent, aluminum silicate fibers, a lithium-based curing agent and alumina according to the mass ratio of 5.
The preparation method of the multifunctional thin heat insulation material for the building outer wall of the embodiment is completely the same as that of the embodiment 4.
Example 7
This embodiment is different from embodiment 4 in that: the heat insulating agent consists of expanded and vitrified micro bubbles, a paper honeycomb and porous titanium dioxide microspheres according to the mass ratio of 2 to 5, wherein the particle size of the porous titanium dioxide microspheres is 2-3mm, and the rest parts are completely the same as those in the embodiment 4.
The preparation method of the multifunctional thin heat insulation material for the building outer wall of the embodiment is completely the same as that of the embodiment 4.
Example 8
This embodiment is different from embodiment 4 in that: the heat insulating agent consists of expanded and vitrified beads, a paper honeycomb and porous titanium dioxide microspheres according to the mass ratio of 3.
The preparation method of the multifunctional thin heat insulation material for the building outer wall of the embodiment is completely the same as that of the embodiment 4.
Example 9
This embodiment is different from embodiment 4 in that: the heat insulating agent consists of expanded and vitrified micro bubbles, a paper honeycomb and porous titanium dioxide microspheres according to the mass ratio of 1.
The preparation method of the multifunctional thin heat insulation material for the building outer wall of the embodiment is completely the same as that of the embodiment 4.
Example 10
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 8 in that: the preparation method of the modified paper honeycomb comprises the following steps: and placing the silica aerogel into the glue solution for gluing, wherein the thickness of the glue layer is 1mm, and placing the glued silica aerogel into honeycomb holes of the paper honeycomb. The rest is exactly the same as in example 8.
The preparation method of the multifunctional thin heat insulation material for the building outer wall of the embodiment is completely the same as that of the embodiment 8.
Example 11
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 10 in that: the silica aerogel is modified silica aerogel, and the preparation method of the modified silica aerogel comprises the following steps:
1) Pouring tetraethoxysilane and half of absolute ethyl alcohol into a sealed plastic cup to obtain a mixed solution A, stirring for 10min to uniformly mix the mixed solution A, adding a mixed solution of water and hydrofluoric acid, stirring for 5min to obtain a mixed solution B, sealing, standing at room temperature to enable the mixed solution B to undergo hydrolysis and polycondensation reactions to generate gel, aging for 1 day at normal temperature after the gel is formed, adding the rest absolute ethyl alcohol, and continuing aging for 1 day in a water bath at 60 ℃;
2) Pouring a normal hexane solution of trimethylchlorosilane with the volume fraction of 8% into a sealed plastic cup, and then putting the plastic cup into a water bath with the temperature of 60 ℃ for keeping the temperature for 12 hours, and repeating for 2 times;
3) And (3) putting the gel into a high-pressure kettle for supercritical drying to obtain the modified silicon oxide aerogel. Wherein the mass ratio of the ethyl orthosilicate, the absolute ethyl alcohol, the water and the hydrofluoric acid is 1. The rest is exactly the same as in example 10.
The preparation method of the multifunctional thin heat insulation material for the outer wall of the building of the embodiment is completely the same as that of the embodiment 10.
Example 12
This embodiment is different from embodiment 11 in that: the rest of the fly ash is the same as that of example 11.
The preparation method of the multifunctional thin heat insulation material for the outer wall of the building of the embodiment is completely the same as that of the embodiment 11.
Example 13
The multifunctional thin heat-insulating material for the outer wall of the building of the embodiment is different from the embodiment 12 in that: the feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: the component A comprises: 40kg of cement, 8kg of fly ash and 25kg of water;
and B component: 1.8kg of heat insulating agent, 1.9kg of heat insulating auxiliary agent, 7kg of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and 1kg of foam stabilizer; the foam stabilizer is prepared from dodecanol, gelatin and styrene maleic anhydride according to a mass ratio of 1:2:3, otherwise identical to example 12.
The difference between the preparation method of the multifunctional thin heat insulation material for the building outer wall in the embodiment and the embodiment 12 is that: (2) mixing material B: uniformly mixing a heat insulating agent, a heat insulating auxiliary agent, a foaming agent and a foam stabilizer to obtain a mixture B; the rest is exactly the same as in example 12.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
The multifunctional thin heat-insulating material for the outer wall of the building of the comparative example is different from the material of the embodiment 1 in that: the feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the component A comprises: 30kg of cement, 5kg of fly ash and 20kg of water;
and B component: 1kg of heat insulation auxiliary agent and kg of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate; the rest is exactly the same as in example 1.
The preparation method of the multifunctional thin heat insulation material for the building outer wall of the comparative example is different from that of the example 1 in that: (2) mixing material B: uniformly mixing the heat insulation auxiliary agent and the foaming agent to obtain a mixture B; the rest is exactly the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
The multifunctional thin heat insulation material for the building outer wall of the comparative example is different from the embodiment 1 in that: the feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the component A comprises: 30kg of cement, 5kg of fly ash and 20kg of water;
and B component: 1kg of heat insulating agent and kg of sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate; the rest is exactly the same as in example 1.
The preparation method of the multifunctional thin heat insulation material for the building outer wall of the comparative example is different from that of the example 1 in that: (2) mixing material B: uniformly mixing the heat insulating agent and the foaming agent to obtain a mixture B; the rest is exactly the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the heat insulator is expanded and vitrified small balls, and the rest is completely the same as that of the example 1.
The preparation method of the multifunctional thin heat-insulating material for the outer wall of the building of the comparative example is completely the same as that of the example 1.
Comparative example 4
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the heat insulation auxiliary agent is an anti-cracking siliceous waterproofing agent; the rest is exactly the same as in example 1.
The preparation method of the multifunctional thin heat insulation material for the building outer wall of the comparative example is completely the same as that of the example 1.
Comparative example 5
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the heat insulation auxiliary agent consists of an anti-crack silicon waterproof agent and aluminum silicate fibers according to the mass ratio of 1:1; the rest is exactly the same as in example 1.
The preparation method of the multifunctional thin heat-insulating material for the outer wall of the building of the comparative example is completely the same as that of the example 1.
Comparative example 6
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the heat insulation auxiliary agent consists of an anti-crack silicon waterproof agent, aluminum silicate fibers and a lithium-based curing agent according to the mass ratio of 1; the rest is exactly the same as in example 1.
The preparation method of the multifunctional thin heat insulation material for the building outer wall of the comparative example is completely the same as that of the example 1.
Comparative example 7
The multifunctional thin heat-insulating material for the outer wall of the building of the comparative example is different from the material in the example 1 in that the multifunctional thin heat-insulating material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the component A comprises: 20kg of cement, 5kg of fly ash and 20kg of water;
and B component: 3kg of heat insulating agent, 0.5kg of heat insulating auxiliary agent and 4kg of foaming agent;
the preparation method of the multifunctional thin heat insulation material for the building outer wall of the comparative example is completely the same as that of the example 1.
Performance test
And (3) detecting the heat conducting property: the heat conductivity of the multifunctional thin heat-insulating and heat-preserving material for the building outer wall in examples 1 to 13 and comparative examples 1 to 7 was measured according to the test method in GB/T10294-2008 "method for measuring the steady-state thermal resistance and related characteristics of heat-insulating material for thermal protection and thermal insulation board", and the test results are shown in Table 2.
And (3) detecting the compressive strength: the multifunctional thin heat-insulation and heat-preservation materials for the building outer walls in the examples 1 to 13 and the comparative examples 1 to 7 were used to test the compressive strength of the multifunctional thin heat-insulation and heat-preservation materials for the building outer walls according to the test method in GB/T20473-2006 building thermal mortar, and the test results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 Properties of the multifunctional thin thermal insulation materials for building exterior walls of examples 1-13 and comparative examples 1-7
Figure BDA0003560000500000091
Figure BDA0003560000500000101
By combining the example 1 and the comparative examples 1 to 2 and combining the table 2, it can be seen that, compared with the comparative examples 1 to 2, the heat insulating agent and the heat insulating auxiliary agent are added into the heat insulating material and are matched with each other, the specific surface area of the material of the heat insulating agent is large, and meanwhile, the heat insulating agent is a porous material, so that the porosity of the heat insulating material is conveniently improved, the heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulating material is further conveniently reduced, and the compressive strength of the heat insulating material is conveniently improved by adding the heat insulating auxiliary agent, so that the heat conductivity coefficient and the compressive strength of the heat insulating material are further improved.
By combining the examples 1 to 5 and the comparative example 7 and combining the table 2, it can be seen that the proportion of each component of the thermal insulation material is adjusted, the thermal conductivity coefficient and the compressive strength of the obtained thermal insulation material are lower and the compressive strength is higher, the proportion of the comparative example 7 outside the range of the application is adopted, the thermal conductivity coefficient and the compressive strength of the prepared thermal insulation material are not as good as those of the application, and the proportion of each component of the thermal insulation material has a large influence on the thermal conductivity coefficient and the compressive strength of the thermal insulation material, so that the proportion of each component of the thermal insulation material of the application cannot be randomly selected.
The combination of example 6 and comparative examples 4 to 6 and the combination of table 2 shows that the thermal insulation auxiliary agent is formed by matching four components, namely an anti-cracking siliceous waterproof agent, aluminum silicate fibers, a lithium-based curing agent and aluminum oxide, wherein the anti-cracking siliceous waterproof agent is used for improving the waterproof performance of the thermal insulation material and reducing the influence of moisture on the thermal insulation performance of the thermal insulation material, the aluminum silicate fibers are distributed in the thermal insulation material and used for improving the compressive strength of the thermal insulation material, the lithium-based curing agent is convenient to permeate into the thermal insulation material so as to improve the compressive strength of the thermal insulation material, the aluminum oxide is added so as to further improve the compactness of the thermal insulation material, and the four components are matched with each other so as to improve the compressive strength of the thermal insulation material while maintaining the thermal insulation performance of the thermal insulation material.
By combining the examples 7-11 and the comparative example 3 and combining the table 2, the heat insulating agent is obtained by compounding three components, namely expanded vitrified micro bubbles, paper honeycombs and porous titanium dioxide microspheres, and the three components have low heat conductivity coefficients, and are convenient to improve the porosity of the heat insulating material, so that the heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulating material is further reduced, and the mixture ratio of the three components is optimized by adjusting and optimizing the mixture ratio of the three components, so that the mixture ratio of the three components is optimal, and the heat conductivity coefficient of the heat insulating material is further reduced.
In combination with examples 12 to 13 and table 2, it can be seen that the extracted fly ash residue is loose and porous, which is convenient for further improving the porosity of the thermal insulation material, and further reducing the thermal conductivity of the thermal insulation material; the foam stabilizer is added to play a role in stabilizing the foam when the foaming agent is foamed, so that the strength of the foam is increased, the heat conductivity coefficient of the heat-insulating material is further reduced, and the heat-insulating property of the heat-insulating material is improved.
The specific embodiments are only for explaining the present application and are not limiting to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications to the embodiments without inventive contribution as required after reading the present specification, but all the embodiments are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims (7)

1. A multifunctional thin heat insulation material for building outer walls is characterized by being mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: and (2) component A: 30-50 parts of cement, 5-10 parts of fly ash and 20-30 parts of water; and the component B comprises: 1-2 parts of a heat insulating agent, 1-2 parts of a heat insulating auxiliary agent and 1-3 parts of a foaming agent, wherein the heat insulating auxiliary agent consists of an anti-cracking silicon waterproof agent, aluminum silicate fibers, a lithium-based curing agent and aluminum oxide according to the mass ratio of (3-5) to (2-3); the heat insulating agent consists of expanded and vitrified micro-beads, paper honeycombs and porous titanium dioxide microspheres in a mass ratio of (2-3) to (5-6); the paper honeycomb is a modified paper honeycomb, and the preparation method of the modified paper honeycomb comprises the following steps: and placing the silica aerogel into the glue solution for gluing, and placing the glued silica aerogel into honeycomb holes of the paper honeycomb.
2. The multifunctional thin heat-insulating material for the outer wall of the building as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of the heat insulating agent to the heat insulating auxiliary agent to the foaming agent is (1.3-1.8) to (1.5-1.9) to (2.3-2.7).
3. The multifunctional thin heat-insulating material for the outer wall of the building as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the foaming agent is composed of sodium dodecyl sulfate and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate according to the mass ratio of (2-3) to (2-5).
4. The multifunctional thin heat-insulating material for the outer wall of the building as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the particle size of the expanded and vitrified micro bubbles is 2mm-3mm.
5. The multifunctional thin heat-insulating material for the outer wall of the building as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fly ash is extracted fly ash residue which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 5.84% of alumina, 4736% of silicon dioxide 33.31%, 2.01% of ferric oxide, 35% of titanium dioxide, 0.02% of potassium oxide, 1.93% of sodium oxide, 38.57% of calcium oxide and 0.78% of magnesium oxide, and the loss on ignition is 16%.
6. The multifunctional thin heat-insulating material for the outer wall of the building as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the component A also comprises 1-2 parts by weight of a foam stabilizer, wherein the foam stabilizer consists of dodecanol, gelatin and styrene maleic anhydride according to the mass ratio of (1-2) to (2-3).
7. A method for preparing the multifunctional thin heat insulation material of the building outer wall according to any one of claims 1 to 6, which is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps of (1) mixing a material A: mixing the raw materials of the components to obtain a mixture A; (2) mixing material B: mixing the component B to obtain a mixture B; if foam stabilizer needs to be added, adding the foam stabilizer in the current step; (3) preparing a heat insulation material: and mixing the mixture A and the mixture B, pouring the mixture into a prefabricated model, curing after initial setting, and drying to obtain the concrete.
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