CN114519962B - Transparent display device - Google Patents
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- CN114519962B CN114519962B CN202011291216.XA CN202011291216A CN114519962B CN 114519962 B CN114519962 B CN 114519962B CN 202011291216 A CN202011291216 A CN 202011291216A CN 114519962 B CN114519962 B CN 114519962B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
- G09F9/00—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements
- G09F9/30—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements
- G09F9/33—Indicating arrangements for variable information in which the information is built-up on a support by selection or combination of individual elements in which the desired character or characters are formed by combining individual elements being semiconductor devices, e.g. diodes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on an electrochromic effect
- G02F1/163—Operation of electrochromic cells, e.g. electrodeposition cells; Circuit arrangements therefor
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- Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
- Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
- Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a transparent display device, comprising a plurality of pixel units, wherein each pixel unit comprises: a display area and a light-transmitting area; the micro light-emitting diode with small size and high brightness is arranged in the display area, and a large number of areas can be set as light-transmitting areas; and arranging an electrochromic device in the light-transmitting area, wherein the electrochromic device is in a transparent state when the transparent display device is switched to a transparent display mode, and is in a black opaque state when the transparent display device is switched to a conventional display mode. In the transparent display mode, the electrochromic device is transparent, so that most area of each pixel unit can transmit ambient light, and the transmittance of the ambient light is improved; in a conventional display mode, the electrochromic device is changed into pure black, so that the display contrast can be greatly improved, and the display image quality is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a transparent display device.
Background
With the development of display technology, transparent display devices gradually come into people's lives, such as transparent show windows, transparent traffic signs, transparent watches, transparent vehicle-mounted displays and the like, and have wide application prospects.
Currently, a transparent Display device generally displays Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) or Organic Light-Emitting Diode (OLED), and a part of a Light-transmitting area is added in a pixel unit to transmit ambient Light, so as to realize transparent Display. The LCD transparent display device needs backlight to provide brightness, so a high aperture ratio is needed, and the OLED brightness is low, so the pixel units of the two display modes need as large an aperture area as possible, so the area of the light-transmitting area is compressed, and the transmittance of the display screen is low; and because a part of the display screen is used for transmitting light and a part of the display screen is used for displaying, the display picture of the display screen has the problems of low contrast and poor image definition.
Disclosure of Invention
In some embodiments of the present invention, the transparent display device includes a plurality of pixel units, each pixel unit includes a display area and a transparent area, a small-sized and high-brightness micro light emitting diode is disposed in the display area, and a large number of areas can be set as the transparent areas; and arranging an electrochromic device in the light-transmitting area, wherein the electrochromic device is in a transparent state when the transparent display device is switched to a transparent display mode, and is in a black opaque state when the transparent display device is switched to a conventional display mode. In the transparent display mode, the electrochromic device is transparent, so that most area of each pixel unit can transmit ambient light, and the transmittance of the ambient light is improved; in a conventional display mode, the electrochromic device is changed into pure black, so that the display contrast can be greatly improved, and the display image quality is improved.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a transparent display device includes a plurality of gate lines and a plurality of first data lines; the grid lines extend along a first direction and are arranged along a second direction; the first data lines extend along the second direction and are arranged along the first direction; the first direction and the second direction are crossed; the grid line and the first data line divide a pixel unit.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the pixel unit of the transparent display device further includes a first thin film transistor, a gate of the first thin film transistor is connected to the gate line, a source of the first thin film transistor is connected to the first data line, and a drain of the first thin film transistor is connected to the micro light emitting diode; the first thin film transistor can load the signal voltage of the first data line on the micro light-emitting diode under the control of the grid line signal, thereby realizing the control of the brightness of the micro light-emitting diode.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the transparent display apparatus further includes a plurality of second data lines, the second data lines extending along a second direction, being arranged along the first direction and being alternately arranged with the first data lines, and the second data lines are configured to provide signals to the electrochromic device so that the electrochromic device switches between a transparent state and a black opaque state according to different requirements of the display mode.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the pixel unit of the transparent display device further includes a second thin film transistor, a gate of the second thin film transistor is connected to the gate line, a source of the second thin film transistor is connected to the second data line, and a drain of the second thin film transistor is connected to the electrochromic device; the second thin film transistor transmits a signal of the second data line to the electrochromic device under the control of a signal of the gate line, thereby realizing the state switching of the electrochromic device.
In some embodiments of the present invention, when the transparent display apparatus is switched to the transparent display mode, the second thin film transistor transmits the first signal loaded on the second data line to the electrochromic device under the control of the signal of the gate line, so that the electrochromic device is in a transparent state under the control of the first signal; when the transparent display device is switched to a conventional display mode, the second thin film transistor transmits a second signal loaded by the second data line to the electrochromic device under the control of the signal of the grid line, so that the electrochromic device is in a black opaque state under the control of the second signal. In the transparent display mode, the electrochromic device is transparent, so that most area of each pixel unit can transmit ambient light, and the transmittance of the ambient light is improved; in a conventional display mode, the electrochromic device is changed into pure black, so that the display contrast can be greatly improved, and the display image quality is improved.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the electrochromic device covers all areas of the transparent area, so that when the transparent display apparatus is in the transparent display mode, all the transparent areas covered by the electrochromic device are in a transparent state, and the transmittance of ambient light can be improved; in a conventional display mode, the transparent area covered by the electrochromic device is completely in a black opaque state, so that the display contrast can be improved to the greatest extent, and the display image quality is optimal.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the first electrode of the driving circuit layer is electrically connected to the micro light emitting diode, and the second electrode of the driving circuit layer is electrically connected to the electrochromic device, so that the driving circuit layer can provide a driving signal to the micro light emitting diode to control the micro light emitting diode to emit light; and providing a driving signal to the electrochromic device to control the display color state of the electrochromic device.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the driving circuit layer includes a gate metal layer, a gate insulating layer, an active layer, a source drain metal layer, and a planarization layer. The grid metal layer, the active layer, the source drain metal layer and the flat layer can be formed by adopting a one-step composition process, so that the process difficulty is reduced.
In some embodiments of the present invention, an electrochromic device comprises: the ion storage layer is arranged on the first transparent conducting layer; wherein, the material of the color-changing layer adopts one of an viologen compound, a metal phthalocyanine compound, a conductive polymer material and an electro-acid-base response material.
In some embodiments of the present invention, when the color changing layer is made of an electrochromic acid-base responsive material, the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer form an electric field after an electric signal is applied, so that ions in the ion storage layer can reach the color changing layer through the ion conductive layer, thereby changing the acid-base characteristic of the color changing layer, and the color of the dye in the color changing layer changes along with the change of the acid-base characteristic, so that the electrochromic device changes from transparent to black, and if a reverse voltage is applied to the electrochromic device, the electrochromic device can change from black to transparent again.
In some embodiments of the present invention, a method for driving a transparent display device includes: when the transparent display device is switched to a transparent display mode, controlling the electrochromic device to be switched to a transparent state; and when the transparent display device is switched to the conventional display mode, controlling the electrochromic device to be switched to a black opaque state.
In some embodiments of the present invention, when the transparent display apparatus is switched to the transparent display mode, the second data line loads the first signal, and the electrochromic device is in a transparent state under the control of the first signal; when the transparent display device is switched to a conventional display mode, the second data line loads a second signal, and the electrochromic device is in a black opaque state under the control of the second signal. In the transparent display mode, the electrochromic device is transparent, so that most area of each pixel unit can transmit ambient light, and the transmittance of the ambient light is improved; in a conventional display mode, the electrochromic device is changed into pure black, so that the display contrast can be greatly improved, and the display image quality is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a top view of a pixel unit of a display device in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a top view of a pixel unit of a transparent display device in the prior art;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a pixel unit of a transparent display device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a pixel unit of a transparent display device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electrochromic device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a driving method of a transparent display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Among them, 10-an open region, 11-a micro light emitting diode, 12-an electrochromic device, 13-a first thin film transistor, 14-a second thin film transistor, 21-a substrate, 22-a driving circuit layer, 121-a first conductive layer, 122-an ion storage layer, 123-an ion conductive layer, 124-a color changing layer, 125-a second transparent conductive layer, 221-a gate metal layer, 222-a gate insulating layer, 223-an active layer, 224-a source drain metal layer, 225-a flat layer, E1-a first electrode, E2-a second electrode, G1-a first gate, G2-a second gate, S1-a first source, S2-a second source, D1-a first drain, D2-a second drain, an a-a channel region, a P-a fixed potential signal line, L-a gate line, N-a data line, N1-a first data line, N2-a second data line, an E-a display region, and F-a light transmitting region.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, the present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and thus their repetitive description will be omitted. The words expressing the position and direction described in the present invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, but may be changed as required and still be within the scope of the present invention. The drawings of the present invention are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent true scale.
With the development of display technologies, various display technologies are emerging, wherein the transparent display technologies are more and more focused due to the light permeability of the display panels.
Fig. 1 is a schematic top view of a pixel unit of a display device in the prior art.
As shown in fig. 1, gate lines L of a related art display device extend along a first direction x and are arranged along a second direction y, data lines N extend along the second direction y and are arranged along the first direction x, and the gate lines L and the data lines N cross each other to define a plurality of pixel units.
For the liquid crystal display device, each pixel unit needs to be configured with a color film, and light emitted from the backlight module passes through the color film and then is used as a sub-pixel of a corresponding color, so that each pixel unit needs to have an aperture opening ratio as high as possible, and the opening region 10 needs to have an area as large as possible.
For the oled display device, it is not necessary to configure a backlight module, and the oled is used as a sub-pixel to emit light, however, the luminance of the oled is low, so that each pixel unit also needs an opening region 10 as large as possible.
Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of a pixel unit of a transparent display device in the prior art.
As shown in fig. 2, to realize a transparent state in the liquid crystal display device and the organic light emitting diode display device, a partial region needs to be divided in each pixel unit as a light transmitting region F for transmitting ambient light. However, in the liquid crystal display device and the organic light emitting diode display device, in order to drive the pixel unit to emit light, a driving circuit needs to be provided in more than half of the area in the pixel unit, and the driving circuit cannot be used for transmitting light. Therefore, only the area of the opening area can be compressed for transmitting the ambient light, and the pixel unit needs to have the opening ratio as large as possible, so that the transparent display device has low transmittance to the ambient light and poor transparent display effect; when the aperture ratio of the pixel unit is compressed, the display image has the problems of low contrast and poor image definition.
In view of the above, an embodiment of the invention provides a transparent display device, and fig. 3 is a top view of a pixel unit of the transparent display device according to the embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 3, the transparent display device includes a plurality of gate lines L extending along a first direction x and arranged along a second direction y, and a plurality of first data lines N1 extending along the second direction y and arranged along the first direction x, as viewed from a top view of the transparent display device. The first direction x and the second direction y intersect with each other, so that the gate line L and the first data line N1 intersect with each other to divide a plurality of pixel units. In a specific implementation, the first direction x and the second direction y are perpendicular to each other, and the first direction x is a direction of a pixel unit row, and the second direction y is a direction of a pixel unit column.
Referring to fig. 3, a pixel unit of a transparent display device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a display area E and a light-transmitting area F.
Micro-Light Emitting diodes (Micro-LEDs for short) 11 are arranged in the display area E, the Micro-LEDs are different from common Light Emitting diodes, the sizes of the Micro-LEDs 11 are very small, the brightness is high, and therefore when the Micro-LEDs are applied to a transparent display device, a large number of areas can be set to be Light-transmitting areas, and the transmittance of the transparent display device is improved.
The size of the Micro-LED can be set below 100 μm in general, but in practical applications, the specific size of the Micro-LED can be adjusted according to the overall size of the display device, and is not limited herein. For example, when the display device is applied to a 12-inch vehicle-mounted display screen, the size of one pixel unit is about 140 μm, and the size of the Micro-LED in the pixel unit is 20 μm-30 μm.
The micro light emitting diodes 11 in the transparent display device have various colors including: the red micro light-emitting diodes, the green micro light-emitting diodes and the blue micro light-emitting diodes are arranged in the same plane, and the adjacent red micro light-emitting diodes, green micro light-emitting diodes and blue micro light-emitting diodes form a pixel.
The transparent area F is an area of the pixel unit except the display area E, and the electrochromic device 12 is disposed in the transparent area F, and the electrochromic device 12 is in a transparent state when the transparent display apparatus is switched to the transparent display mode, and is in a black opaque state when the transparent display apparatus is switched to the conventional display mode. In the transparent display mode, the electrochromic device 12 is transparent, so that most area of each pixel unit can transmit ambient light, and the transmittance of the ambient light is improved; in the normal display mode, the electrochromic device 12 is changed to pure black, which can greatly improve the display contrast and further improve the display quality.
Referring to fig. 3, the transparent display apparatus according to the embodiment of the invention is further provided with a plurality of second data lines N2, the second data lines N2 extend along the second direction y, are arranged along the first direction x, and are arranged alternately with the first data lines N1, and the second data lines N2 are configured to provide signals to the electrochromic device 12, so that the electrochromic device 12 is switched between a transparent state and a black opaque state according to different requirements of the display mode.
As shown in fig. 3, the pixel unit of the transparent display device according to the embodiment of the present invention further includes: a first thin film transistor 13 and a second thin film transistor 14.
The first thin film transistor 13 includes: a first gate G1, a first source S1, and a first drain D1.
A first gate electrode G1 of the first thin film transistor 13 is connected to the gate line L, a first source electrode S1 is connected to the first data line N1, and a first drain electrode D1 is connected to the micro light emitting diode 11; the first thin film transistor 13 can load the signal voltage of the first data line N1 onto the micro light emitting diode 11 under the control of the signal of the gate line L, thereby implementing the control of the brightness of the micro light emitting diode 11.
The second thin film transistor 14 includes: a second gate G2, a second source S2, and a second drain D2.
A second gate G2 of the second thin film transistor 14 is connected to the gate line L, a second source S2 is connected to the second data line N2, and a second drain D2 is connected to the electrochromic device 12; when the display device is switched to the transparent display mode, the second thin film transistor 14 transmits the first signal loaded by the second data line to the electrochromic device 12 under the control of the signal of the gate line L, so that the electrochromic device 12 is in a transparent state under the control of the first signal; when the display device is switched to the normal display mode, the second thin film transistor 14 transmits the second signal loaded on the second data line to the electrochromic device 12 under the control of the signal of the gate line L, so that the electrochromic device 12 is in a black opaque state under the control of the second signal. In the transparent display mode, the electrochromic device 12 is transparent, so that most area of each pixel unit can transmit ambient light, and the transmittance of the ambient light is improved; in the normal display mode, the electrochromic device 12 is changed to pure black, which can greatly improve the display contrast and further improve the display quality.
The transparent area F of the transparent display device provided by the embodiment of the invention is located between the first data line N1 and the second data line N2 in the pixel unit, and the electrochromic device 12 covers the whole area of the transparent area F, so that when the transparent display device is in a transparent display mode, the transparent area F covered by the electrochromic device 12 is in a transparent state, and the transmittance of ambient light can be improved; in the normal display mode, the transparent region F covered by the electrochromic device 12 is completely black and opaque, so that the contrast of the display can be improved to the greatest extent, and the display image quality is optimized.
Fig. 4 is a schematic partial cross-sectional structure diagram of a pixel unit of a transparent display device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Referring to fig. 4, the pixel unit includes, as viewed from a cross-sectional structure of the transparent display device: a substrate base plate 21 and a drive wiring layer 22.
The substrate base plate 21 is located at the bottom of the display device and has a bearing function. The base substrate 21 has a rectangular or square shape including a top side, a bottom side, a left side, and a right side. Wherein the antenna side is opposite to the ground side, the left side is opposite to the right side, the antenna side is connected with one end of the left side and one side of the right side respectively, and the ground side is connected with the other end of the left side and the other end of the right side respectively.
The size of the substrate base 21 is adapted to the size of the display device, and generally, the size of the substrate base is slightly smaller than the size of the display device.
The substrate base plate 21 is made of a material such as glass, and the glass needs to be cleaned, dried, or the like before being manufactured.
The driving circuit layer 22 is disposed on the substrate 21, and the driving circuit layer 22 includes a signal line and a driving element for driving the micro light emitting diode to emit light. In the embodiment of the present invention, the driving line layer 22 is prepared by a Thin Film Transistor (TFT) manufacturing process.
The driving line layer 22 is composed of a plurality of metal layers and insulating layers, and a circuit including driving elements such as a first thin film transistor and a second thin film transistor having a specific connection relationship, a capacitor, and a resistor is formed by patterning the metal layers and the insulating layers. After the driving circuit layer 22 is electrically connected to the micro light emitting diodes 11 and the electrochromic device 12, the driving circuit layer 22 may provide a driving signal to the micro light emitting diodes 11, control the micro light emitting diodes 11 to emit light, provide a driving signal to the electrochromic device 12, and control the display state of the electrochromic device 12.
As shown in fig. 4, the driving circuit layer 22 in the embodiment of the present invention includes a first electrode e1 and a second electrode e2, where the first electrode e1 is used to electrically connect the micro light emitting diode 11, and the second electrode e2 is used to electrically connect the electrochromic device 12. The first electrode e1 is an exposed pad on the array substrate, and the micro light emitting diode 11 is usually soldered on the first electrode e1, thereby achieving an electrical connection therebetween.
Specifically, the first electrode e1 and the second electrode e2 in the embodiment of the invention are made of a transparent conductive material, i.e. ito, and the two first electrodes e1 connected to the same micro light emitting diode 11 are not in contact with each other.
The patterns of the first electrode e1 and the second electrode e2 are formed using a one-step patterning process.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, in the embodiment of the present invention, the driving line layer 22 includes: a gate metal layer 221, a gate insulating layer 222, an active layer 223, a source-drain metal layer 224, and a planarization layer 225.
The gate metal layer 221 is located above the base substrate 21. The gate metal layer has a pattern including a first gate electrode G1, a second gate electrode G2, and a gate line.
The gate metal layer 221 may use a single-layer or multi-layer metal of gold (Au), silver (Ag), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), platinum (Pt), aluminum (Al), molybdenum (Mo), or chromium (Cr), or may also use a metal layer of aluminum (Al): neodymium (Nd) alloy, molybdenum (Mo): tungsten (W) alloy.
The pattern of the gate metal layer 221 may be formed using a one-time patterning process.
The gate insulating layer 222 is located on the surface of the gate metal layer 221 on the side away from the substrate base 21. The gate insulating layer 222 serves to insulate the gate metal layer 221, so that another metal layer may be further formed on the gate insulating layer 222.
The gate insulating layer 222 may be an inorganic layer of silicon oxide, silicon nitride, or metal oxide, and may include a single layer or multiple layers.
The active layer 223 is located on a surface of the gate insulating layer 222 on a side facing away from the gate metal layer 221. The active layer 223 includes source and drain regions formed by doping N-type impurity ions or P-type impurity ions. The region between the source region and the drain region is a channel region a that is not doped.
The active layer 223 may be made of amorphous silicon, polycrystalline silicon, or the like, and the polycrystalline silicon may be formed by crystallization of the amorphous silicon.
The source-drain metal layer 224 is located on a surface of the active layer 223 on a side facing away from the gate insulating layer 222. The source-drain metal layer 224 has a pattern including a first source S1, a second source S2, a first drain D1, a second drain D2, a first data line, a second data line, and a fixed potential signal line P.
The source/drain metal layer 224 may be a single layer or a plurality of layers of gold (Au), silver (Ag), copper (Cu), or aluminum (Al), or may be a metal layer of aluminum (Al): copper (Cu) alloy.
The patterns of the active layer 223 and the source drain metal layer 224 may be formed by a one-step patterning process; alternatively, the patterns of the active layer 223 and the source-drain metal layer 224 may be patterned separately.
The first gate G1, the active layer 223, the first source S1, and the first drain D1 constitute a first thin film transistor, and the second gate G2, the active layer 223, the second source S2, and the second drain D2 constitute a second thin film transistor.
The planarization layer 225 is located on the surface of the active layer 223 and the source-drain metal layer 224 on the side facing away from the gate insulating layer 222. The planarization layer 225 is used for insulating the active layer 223 and the source/drain metal layer 224, and simultaneously, the surface of the film layer is planarized, which is beneficial for forming other devices on the planarization layer 225.
The planarization layer 225 may be SiN X /SiO X The materials are manufactured, a pattern of a via hole in the flat layer 225 for exposing the first drain electrode D1, the second drain electrode D2 and the fixed potential signal line P in the source drain metal layer is formed by a one-step composition process, the first electrode e1 is electrically connected with the first drain electrode D1 and the fixed potential signal line P through the via hole in the flat layer 225, the second electrode e2 is electrically connected with the second drain electrode D2 through the via hole in the flat layer 225, and the fixed potential signal line P can provide a potential for the micro light emitting diode 11.
Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an electrochromic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, the electrochromic device 12 is located on a surface of the driving circuit layer 22 on a side away from the substrate base plate 21, and the electrochromic device 12 specifically includes: a first transparent conductive layer 121; an ion storage layer 122 on one side of the first conductive layer 121; the ion conducting layer 123 is located on the side of the ion storage layer 122 away from the first transparent conducting layer 121; a color altering layer 124 on a side of the ion conducting layer 123 facing away from the ion storage layer 122; and a second transparent conductive layer 125 on a side of the color changing layer 124 remote from the ion conductive layer 123.
The material of the color-changing layer 124 may be one of an viologen compound, a metal phthalocyanine compound, a conductive polymer material, and an electric acid-base responsive material, which is not limited herein.
For example, when the color changing layer 124 is made of an electro-acid-base responsive material, the first transparent conductive layer 121 and the second transparent conductive layer 125 form an electric field after an electric signal is applied, so that ions in the ion storage layer 122 can reach the color changing layer 124 through the ion conductive layer 123, thereby changing the acid-base characteristic of the color changing layer 124, and the color of the dye in the color changing layer 124 changes when the acid-base characteristic changes, thereby converting the transparent color of the electrochromic device 12 into black. And if a reverse voltage is applied to the electrochromic device 12, the electrochromic device 12 can be turned from black to transparent again.
The electrochromic device 12 provided by the embodiment of the invention may be configured such that the first transparent conductive layer 121 is disposed near one side of the driving circuit layer 22; the second transparent conductive layer 125 may be disposed near one side of the driving circuit layer 22, which is not limited herein.
The electrochromic device 12 may be formed using a one-time patterning process.
In another aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, a driving method based on the above transparent display device is provided. Fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a driving method of a transparent display device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 6, a method for driving a display device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
s10, determining a display mode of the transparent display device;
s20, when the transparent display device is switched to a transparent display mode, controlling the electrochromic device to be switched to a transparent state;
and S30, controlling the electrochromic device to be switched to a black opaque state when the transparent display device is switched to a conventional display mode.
The electrochromic device is in a transparent state when the transparent display device is switched to the transparent display mode, and is in a black opaque state when the transparent display device is switched to the conventional display mode.
Specifically, when the transparent display device is switched to the transparent display mode, a first signal loaded by the second data line is transmitted to the electrochromic device, so that the electrochromic device is in a transparent state under the control of the first signal; when the display device is switched to a conventional display mode, the second signal loaded by the second data line is transmitted to the electrochromic device, so that the electrochromic device is in a black opaque state under the control of the second signal. In the transparent display mode, the electrochromic device is transparent, so that most area of each pixel unit can transmit ambient light, and the transmittance of the ambient light is improved; in a conventional display mode, the electrochromic device is changed into pure black, so that the display contrast can be greatly improved, and the display image quality is improved.
According to the first inventive concept, the micro light emitting diodes are disposed in the display region, the micro light emitting diodes are different from the common light emitting diodes, the micro light emitting diodes have a very small size and high brightness, and thus when the micro light emitting diodes are applied to the transparent display device, a large number of regions can be set as light transmission regions, thereby improving the transmittance of the transparent display device.
According to a second inventive concept, an electrochromic device is disposed in the light-transmitting area, the electrochromic device being in a transparent state when the transparent display apparatus is switched to the transparent display mode, and being in a black opaque state when the transparent display apparatus is switched to the normal display mode. In the transparent display mode, the electrochromic device is transparent, so that most area of each pixel unit can transmit ambient light, and the transmittance of the ambient light is improved; in a conventional display mode, the electrochromic device is changed into pure black, so that the display contrast can be greatly improved, and the display image quality is improved.
According to a third inventive concept, the second data line is used for providing a signal for the electrochromic device, so that the electrochromic device is switched between a transparent state and a black opaque state according to different requirements of display modes.
According to the fourth inventive concept, the first thin film transistor may load the signal voltage of the first data line to the micro light emitting diode under the control of the gate line signal, thereby implementing the control of the brightness of the micro light emitting diode.
According to the fifth inventive concept, when the display apparatus is switched to the transparent display mode, the second thin film transistor transmits the first signal loaded on the second data line to the electrochromic device under the control of the signal of the gate line, so that the electrochromic device is in a transparent state under the control of the first signal; when the display device is switched to a conventional display mode, the second thin film transistor transmits a second signal loaded by the second data line to the electrochromic device under the control of the signal of the grid line, so that the electrochromic device is in a black opaque state under the control of the second signal. In the transparent display mode, the electrochromic device is transparent, so that most area of each pixel unit can transmit ambient light, and the transmittance of the ambient light is improved; in a conventional display mode, the electrochromic device is changed into pure black, so that the display contrast can be greatly improved, and the display image quality is improved.
According to the sixth inventive concept, the electrochromic device covers all areas of the light-transmitting area, so that when the transparent display device is in a transparent display mode, all the light-transmitting areas covered by the electrochromic device are in a transparent state, and the transmittance of ambient light can be improved; in a conventional display mode, the transparent area covered by the electrochromic device is completely in a black opaque state, so that the display contrast can be improved to the greatest extent, and the display image quality is optimal.
According to the seventh inventive concept, after the driving circuit layer is electrically connected with the micro light emitting diode and the electrochromic device, the driving circuit layer can provide a driving signal to the micro light emitting diode to control the micro light emitting diode to emit light, provide the driving signal to the electrochromic device, and control the display state of the electrochromic device.
According to an eighth inventive concept, the driving line layer includes a gate metal layer, a gate insulating layer, an active layer, a source-drain metal layer, and a planarization layer. The grid metal layer, the active layer, the source drain metal layer and the flat layer can be formed by adopting a one-step composition process, so that the process difficulty is reduced.
According to a ninth inventive concept, an electrochromic device includes: the ion storage layer is arranged on the first transparent conducting layer; when the color changing layer is made of an electro-acid-base response material, the first transparent conducting layer and the second transparent conducting layer form an electric field after electric signals are applied, so that ions in the ion storage layer can reach the color changing layer through the ion conducting layer, the acid-base characteristic of the color changing layer is changed, the color of dye in the color changing layer is changed when the acid-base characteristic is changed, and therefore the electrochromic device is changed from transparent color to black color. And if reverse voltage is applied to the electrochromic device, the electrochromic device can be converted from black to transparent.
According to a tenth inventive concept, a driving method of a transparent display apparatus includes: when the transparent display device is switched to a transparent display mode, controlling the electrochromic device to be switched to a transparent state; and when the transparent display device is switched to the conventional display mode, controlling the electrochromic device to be switched to a black opaque state.
According to the eleventh inventive concept, when the transparent display apparatus is switched to the transparent display mode, the second data line loads the first signal, and the electrochromic device is in a transparent state under the control of the first signal; when the transparent display device is switched to a conventional display mode, the second data line loads a second signal, and the electrochromic device is in a black opaque state under the control of the second signal. In the transparent display mode, the electrochromic device is transparent, so that most area of each pixel unit can transmit ambient light, and the transmittance of the ambient light is improved; in a conventional display mode, the electrochromic device is changed into pure black, so that the display contrast can be greatly improved, and the display image quality is improved.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (8)
1. A transparent display device, comprising:
a plurality of pixel units including a display region and a light-transmitting region;
a micro light emitting diode is arranged in the display area, and an electrochromic device is arranged in the light transmitting area;
a plurality of gate lines extending in a first direction and arranged in a second direction;
a plurality of first data lines; the first data lines extend along a second direction and are arranged along a first direction; the first direction and the second direction intersect; the grid line and the first data line divide the pixel unit;
a plurality of second data lines; the second data lines extend along the second direction and are arranged along the first direction; the first data lines and the second data lines are alternately arranged along the first direction;
the pixel unit includes:
the grid electrode of the first thin film transistor is connected with the grid line, the source electrode of the first thin film transistor is connected with the first data line, and the drain electrode of the first thin film transistor is connected with the micro light-emitting diode; the first thin film transistor transmits a signal of the first data line to the micro light emitting diode under the control of a signal of the gate line;
a grid electrode of the second thin film transistor is connected with the grid wire, a source electrode of the second thin film transistor is connected with the second data wire, and a drain electrode of the second thin film transistor is connected with the electrochromic device; the second thin film transistor transmits a signal of the second data line to the electrochromic device under the control of a signal of the gate line;
the electrochromic device is in a transparent state when the transparent display device is switched to a transparent display mode, and is in a black opaque state when the transparent display device is switched to a conventional display mode.
2. The transparent display device according to claim 1, wherein the light-transmitting area is located between the first data line and the second data line in the pixel unit, and the electrochromic device covers an entire area of the light-transmitting area.
3. The transparent display device of claim 1, wherein the pixel unit comprises:
the substrate base plate has supporting and bearing functions;
the driving circuit layer is positioned on one side of the substrate base plate and used for providing a driving signal; the driving circuit layer comprises the first thin film transistor, the second thin film transistor, a plurality of exposed first electrodes and a plurality of exposed second electrodes; the micro light-emitting diode is connected with the first electrode, and the electrochromic device is connected with the second electrode.
4. The transparent display device of claim 3, wherein the driving line layer comprises:
the grid metal layer is positioned on the surface of one side of the substrate base plate; the grid metal layer comprises a first grid, a second grid and a grid line;
the grid insulating layer is positioned on the surface of one side, away from the substrate, of the grid metal layer;
the active layer is positioned on the surface of one side, away from the gate metal layer, of the gate insulating layer;
the source drain metal layer is positioned on the surface of one side, away from the grid insulation layer, of the active layer; the source-drain metal layer comprises a first source electrode, a first drain electrode, a second source electrode, a second drain electrode, a first data line and a second data line;
the flat layer is positioned on the surfaces of the active layer and the source drain metal layer on the side departing from the gate insulation layer; the planarization layer comprises a via hole for exposing the first drain electrode and the second drain electrode, the first electrode is electrically connected with the first drain electrode through the via hole of the planarization layer, and the second electrode is electrically connected with the second drain electrode through the via hole of the planarization layer;
the first gate electrode, the active layer, the first source electrode and the first drain electrode constitute the first thin film transistor; the second gate electrode, the active layer, the second source electrode, and the second drain electrode constitute the second thin film transistor.
5. The transparent display device of claim 3, wherein the electrochromic device comprises:
a first transparent conductive layer;
the ion storage layer is positioned on one side of the first transparent conducting layer;
the ion conducting layer is positioned on one side, away from the first transparent conducting layer, of the ion storage layer;
a color changing layer located on one side of the ion conducting layer away from the ion storage layer;
the second transparent conducting layer is positioned on one side of the color changing layer, which is far away from the ion conducting layer;
the first transparent conducting layer is arranged close to one side of the driving circuit layer; or the second transparent conducting layer is arranged close to one side of the driving circuit layer.
6. The transparent display device according to claim 5, wherein the color-changing layer is made of one of a viologen-based compound, a metal phthalocyanine-based compound, a conductive polymer material, and an electro-acid-base responsive material.
7. A method for driving a transparent display device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising:
when the transparent display device is switched to a transparent display mode, controlling the electrochromic device to be switched to a transparent state;
and when the transparent display device is switched to a conventional display mode, controlling the electrochromic device to be switched to a black opaque state.
8. The driving method according to claim 7, wherein the controlling of the electrochromic device to be switched to the transparent state when the transparent display apparatus is switched to the transparent display mode includes:
when the transparent display device is switched to a transparent display mode, a first signal is loaded on a second data line, and the electrochromic device is in a transparent state under the control of the first signal;
when the transparent display device is switched to a conventional display mode, controlling the electrochromic device to be switched to a black opaque state comprises:
when the transparent display device is switched to a conventional display mode, a second signal is loaded on the second data line, and the electrochromic device is in a black opaque state under the control of the second signal.
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| CN202011291216.XA CN114519962B (en) | 2020-11-18 | 2020-11-18 | Transparent display device |
| PCT/CN2021/095253 WO2021233437A1 (en) | 2020-05-22 | 2021-05-21 | Display device |
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| CN202011291216.XA CN114519962B (en) | 2020-11-18 | 2020-11-18 | Transparent display device |
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| CN103943033B (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2017-02-15 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Transparent display device |
| CN104851893B (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2018-05-29 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | A kind of array substrate and preparation method thereof, display device |
| TWM531637U (en) * | 2016-05-27 | 2016-11-01 | Au Optronics Corp | Transparent display |
| CN107359175B (en) * | 2017-07-25 | 2020-02-11 | 上海天马微电子有限公司 | Micro light-emitting diode display panel and display device |
| TWI641169B (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2018-11-11 | 友達光電股份有限公司 | Dual-side display and method for fabricating the same |
| CN107577080B (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2020-06-02 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Transparent display panel and transparent display device |
| US20190206307A1 (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2019-07-04 | X Development Llc | Display with switchable background appearance |
| CN109032405B (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2021-09-21 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display panel, display device and manufacturing method of display panel |
| CN110783364B (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2022-09-13 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Display device and electronic apparatus |
| CN111048655B (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2021-12-03 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Light emitting diode chip, display panel, preparation method of light emitting diode chip and display device |
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