CN114519230B - Deep well roadway roof cutting pressure relief-support energy absorption control method - Google Patents
Deep well roadway roof cutting pressure relief-support energy absorption control method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a deep well roadway roof cutting pressure relief-support energy absorption control method, which belongs to the technical field of coal mining safety control and solves the problem that disasters cannot be fundamentally and effectively prevented and controlled, and the method comprises the following steps: establishing a top cutting pressure relief-support energy absorption rock stratum mechanical analysis model, and obtaining top cutting-filling parameters according to the pressure relief-support energy absorption rock stratum mechanical analysis model; obtaining a first support parameter according to elastic energy stored in roof surrounding rock after roof cutting and energy absorption performance parameters of an energy absorption support piece determined by roof cutting-filling parameters, and obtaining a second support parameter according to the total support strength required by a unit area roadway and the mechanical performance parameters of the energy absorption support piece; and comparing the first support parameter with the second support parameter, determining construction support parameters, and performing roof cutting and energy absorption support on-site construction according to the roof cutting-filling parameter and the construction support parameters. By adopting the method, disasters such as roof collapse, rock burst and the like can be effectively prevented and treated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal mining safety control, in particular to a deep well roadway roof cutting pressure relief-support energy absorption control method.
Background
The statements herein merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
Coal is one of the leading energy sources in the world, and the mining intensity and demand of coal are greatly increased in recent years. However, with the exhaustion of shallow coal resources, coal mining gradually progresses to deep portions, dynamic disaster accidents such as rock burst are increasing, and the safety of coal mining is seriously threatened. The coal mine rock burst is not only large in harm degree and wide in influence range, but also is a root cause of other coal mine major accidents. The occurrence of rock burst may induce serious disasters such as abnormal gas emission, gas explosion and the like, so the mechanism and prevention and control problem of the rock burst of the coal mine are research hotspots in recent years.
At present, the commonly adopted rock burst prevention and control technology mainly comprises two means of surrounding rock pressure relief and support energy absorption. Wherein, the pressure relief of the surrounding rock is mainly realized by technical means such as top cutting pressure relief, hydraulic fracturing, drilling pressure relief, loosening blasting and the like; the supporting and energy absorption are mainly realized by the technical means of hydraulic support supporting, energy absorption anchor rod (cable) supporting, retractable support supporting and the like.
However, the inventors found that the above-described rock burst control technology mainly has the following disadvantages:
(1) the rock burst prevention and control technology is mainly realized by single surrounding rock pressure relief and support energy absorption, and the prevention and control of the rock burst are not realized by combining two prevention and control means.
(2) The energy-absorbing support technology is mainly designed based on the relation between the mechanical property of a support member and the strength of surrounding rocks of a roadway, and the design is not designed based on the internal elastic property of the surrounding rocks, so that rock burst is difficult to prevent and control fundamentally.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a deep well roadway roof cutting pressure relief-support energy absorption control method, which can combine roof cutting pressure relief and energy absorption support technologies and effectively prevent dynamic disasters such as rock burst.
In order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the embodiment of the invention provides a deep well roadway roof cutting pressure relief-support energy absorption control method, which comprises the following steps:
establishing a top cutting pressure relief-support energy absorption rock stratum mechanical analysis model, and obtaining top cutting-filling parameters according to the pressure relief-support energy absorption rock stratum mechanical analysis model;
obtaining a first supporting parameter according to the energy absorption performance parameter of an elastic energy absorption supporting piece stored in the top plate surrounding rock after the top cutting determined by the top cutting-filling parameter, and obtaining a second supporting parameter according to the total supporting strength required by the roadway in unit area and the mechanical performance parameter of the energy absorption supporting piece;
and comparing and selecting the first support parameter and the second support parameter, determining the final construction support parameter, and performing the site construction of the roof cutting and energy absorption support part according to the roof cutting-filling parameter and the construction support parameter.
Further, the method for obtaining the elastic energy stored in the roof surrounding rock after the roof is cut comprises the following steps:
determining a top cutting-filling parameter according to a rock mass crushing and swelling theory; after the top cutting-filling parameters are determined, the top cutting-filling parameters are brought into a calculation model of the elastic energy stored in the top plate surrounding rock after top cutting, and the size of the elastic energy stored in the top plate surrounding rock after top cutting is obtained.
Furthermore, the top-cutting pressure-relief-support energy-absorbing rock stratum mechanical analysis model is a cantilever beam model with one end fixed and the other end freely moving.
Further, a bending moment calculation model is obtained according to the top-cutting pressure relief-support energy absorption rock stratum mechanical analysis model, a bending line calculation model is obtained after the bending moment calculation model is integrated, and the bending line calculation model is integrated to obtain a calculation model of the top plate surrounding rock storage elastic energy after top cutting.
Furthermore, the energy absorption performance parameters and the mechanical performance parameters of the support piece are obtained according to a pre-performed indoor test of the energy absorption support.
And further, calculating the total supporting strength required by the roadway in unit area according to a suspension theory.
Further, the concrete method of the site construction is as follows: and (3) performing roof cutting on the roadway roof along the mining area side of the roadway working face by adopting a roof directional precutting technology, and performing combined support on the roadway by adopting an energy-absorbing support piece after the roof cutting is finished.
Furthermore, the energy-absorbing support piece adopts an energy-absorbing anchor rod or an energy-absorbing anchor cable.
Further, after the first support parameter and the second support parameter are obtained, parameters which enable the support to be more safe are selected to conduct calculation of rock burst prevention and control levels, and final construction support parameters are determined.
Further, after the roof cutting and energy absorption supporting piece is constructed in the engineering site, the site monitoring is carried out, and the established roof cutting pressure relief-supporting energy absorption rock stratum mechanical analysis model and the roof cutting-filling parameters are subjected to feedback optimization according to the monitoring result.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the control method, based on the rock mass crushing and swelling theory, roof cutting and pressure relief parameters are preferably selected, roof cutting is carried out on the roadway roof, stress transfer between roof plates is cut off, overlying rock layers of the goaf collapse and the goaf is filled, basic roof is supported, and elastic energy stored in the surrounding rock is reduced; the energy born by the support-surrounding rock is improved through the energy-absorbing support, and the occurrence of disaster accidents such as rock burst, large deformation and the like is avoided.
2. According to the control method, the support construction parameters are obtained by considering the relation between the support member performance parameters and the roadway surrounding rock strength and the relation between the support member performance parameters and the stored elastic energy in the surrounding rock, so that dynamic disaster accidents such as deep roadway rock burst can be effectively prevented and treated.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a model diagram of a mechanical analysis of a roof-cutting pressure relief-supporting energy-absorbing rock formation in example 1 of the present invention;
wherein, 1, roadway; 2. a top plate; 3. cutting a top plate; 4. a gob; 5. an energy absorbing support.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
For convenience of description, the words "up", "down", "left" and "right" in the present invention, if any, merely indicate correspondence with the directions of up, down, left and right of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure, but merely facilitate the description of the invention and simplify the description, rather than indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.
As introduced in the background art, the existing rock burst prevention and control technology cannot combine single surrounding rock pressure relief and support energy absorption, and is difficult to prevent and control the rock burst fundamentally.
In example 1 of an exemplary embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1 to 2, a deep well roadway roof cutting pressure relief-support energy absorption control method includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: and (3) establishing a mechanical analysis model of the roof cutting pressure relief-support energy absorption rock stratum, and respectively guiding the design of roof cutting-filling parameters and an energy absorption support indoor test by using the mechanical analysis model.
According to the rock mass crushing and expanding theory, the sinking amount and floor heave amount of the top plate and the supporting effect of the overlying rock stratum of the goaf on the top plate 2 after collapse are considered, and reasonable roof cutting-filling parameters including parameters such as roof cutting height and roof cutting angle are determined by means of theoretical calculation, numerical simulation, model test and the like. After the reasonable top cutting-filling parameters are determined, the elastic energy stored in the surrounding rocks of the roadway 1 and the top plate 2 after the top cutting and the filling parameters and the supporting strength required by the surrounding rocks of the roadway are obtained according to the top cutting-filling parameters.
Carrying out an energy-absorbing support indoor test, wherein the test comprises the following steps: the breaking force test, the elongation test and the energy absorption property test of the energy absorption supporting part are used for determining various index parameters such as the elongation, the breaking force, the energy absorption property and the like of the energy absorption supporting part, so that the mechanics and the energy characteristics of the energy absorption supporting are determined.
Step two: and designing the energy-absorbing support parameters of the top-cutting roadway based on the design of the top-cutting-filling parameters and the results of the indoor tests of the energy-absorbing support.
Obtaining a first supporting parameter according to elastic energy stored in the top plate surrounding rock after the roof is cut and the energy absorption performance parameter of the energy absorption supporting piece; obtaining a second support parameter according to the total support strength required by the unit area of the roadway and the mechanical property parameter of the energy-absorbing support piece; and comparing and selecting the first support parameter and the second support parameter, carrying out rock burst prevention and control grade checking calculation according to the obtained support parameters, and determining the final reasonable construction support parameter, namely the energy-absorbing support parameter.
Step three: according to the roof cutting-filling parameters obtained in the first step, roof cutting operation is carried out on the roadway roof along the goaf 4 side of the working face by adopting a roof directional presplitting joint cutting technology to form a roof cutting joint 3, stress transfer between the roofs 2 is cut off, the roof overhang length of the roof is reduced, and release of surrounding rock energy of the roadway 1 and the roofs 2 is realized, so that elastic energy stored by the surrounding rock of the roofs 2 is reduced; and performing site construction of the energy-absorbing support part according to the construction support parameters finally obtained in the step two.
Step four: after construction is completed, long-term on-site monitoring of parameters such as stress and deformation of the support, deformation of surrounding rocks, energy and the like is carried out, and feedback optimization is carried out on the established roof cutting pressure relief-support energy absorption rock stratum mechanical analysis model and parameter design.
The specific method of the step 2 comprises the following steps:
the method for calculating the elastic energy stored by the cut top plate surrounding rock comprises the following steps:
according to the theory of elastic mechanics, a roof cutting pressure relief-support energy absorption rock stratum mechanical analysis model is established, the roof cutting pressure relief-support energy absorption rock stratum mechanical analysis model is obtained by simplifying a roof of a tunnel after roof cutting into a cantilever beam with one fixed end and one free end (the tunnel is not fixed by the roof cutting and the roof cutting end is free), and a bending moment calculation model at any point in the roof cutting short-arm beam mechanical analysis model of the tunnel can be obtained by assuming that the roof of the tunnel is an elastomer:
obtaining a flexible line calculation model after integrating the formula (1):
and (3) integrating the deflection line calculation model to obtain a calculation model of the storage elastic energy of the roof surrounding rock after the roof is cut:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,qis the suspended ceiling dead weight of the roof and the overburden attachment load, N/m2，lIs the equivalent length of the suspended ceiling of the top plate,xthe distance between a certain point in the roadway and the end point of one end of the roadway, in the embodiment, the distance between any one point in the roadway and the left end of the roadway,M（x) Is at a distance of from the left end of the tunnelxThe bending moment of the point of (a),y（x) Is at a distance of from the left end of the tunnelxThe deflection of the point or points is,Ethe values of the elastic modulus, Pa,Iis the moment of inertia, m, of the cross-section of the top plate to the neutral axis4，U w Elastic energy stored for roof surrounding rock after cutting the roof.
Wherein:
Bthe length of the tunnel is the width of the tunnel, m,Hthe height of the cut top, m,θis the angle of the top cut.
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,bis the width of the cross section of the top plate,His the height of the top plate.
Design the obtained cut top-filling parameterB、θ、HFormation parameters of the roofE、IAnd load parameters of surrounding rockqAnd substituting the elastic energy into the formula (3) to obtain the elastic energy stored in the roof surrounding rock after the roof is cut.
Building a surrounding rock minimum damage energy design criterion based on the relation among energy absorption performance parameters of the energy absorption supporting piece, roadway surrounding rock energy and surrounding rock minimum damage energy, wherein the criterion formula is as follows:
Bthe width of the roadway is the width of the roadway,ηin order to ensure the safety factor,E' A is the energy which can be absorbed by a single energy-absorbing supporting piece, is the energy-absorbing performance parameter of the energy-absorbing supporting piece, kJ, is obtained by the pre-performed indoor test of the energy-absorbing supporting piece,n e the number of the energy-absorbing supporting pieces per square meter of the roadway is the first supporting parameter.
The calculated elastic energy is substituted into the formula (6), and the minimum first support parameter can be obtained.
And establishing a surrounding rock strength design criterion of the supporting member based on the relation between the mechanical property parameters of the energy-absorbing supporting member and the surrounding rock strength of the roadway.
Firstly, calculating the total supporting strength required by a unit area (per square meter) of a roadway, wherein the calculation method comprises the following steps:
His the top cutting height, i.e. the height of the top plate, m;Ptotal support strength, k, required for unit area roadwayN/m2；γdThe volume weight of the top plate within the range of the top cutting is kN/m3Wherein, when the roadway roof is composed of multiple strata,
；γisingle layer top plate bulk weight, kN/m3；Di-a single layer of top plate thickness,m；Pzenergy-absorbing supporting member design supporting strength, i.e. energy-absorbing supporting member mechanical property parameters, obtained in advance by an energy-absorbing supporting indoor experiment, kN;
according to the formula:
will be provided withPAndPzsubstituting into formula (8), the number of energy-absorbing supporting parts required by the minimum unit area can be obtainedn s I.e. the smallest second support parameter.
In the embodiment, the energy-absorbing support member adopts the existing energy-absorbing anchor rod or the existing energy-absorbing anchor cable, and the energy-absorbing support member is subjected to an energy-absorbing support indoor experiment to obtain mechanical performance parameters such as elongation, breaking force and the like, so that the designed support strength of the energy-absorbing support member is obtainedPzThe energy-absorbing support element is capable of absorbing energyE' A The energy absorption performance parameter of the energy absorption supporting piece is obtained by subtracting the residual energy value of the energy loss caused by applying the pretightening force from the total energy absorbed by the supporting material through an indoor experiment of the energy absorption supporting piece.
And after the first support parameter and the second support parameter are obtained, selecting a larger value, namely selecting a parameter which can enable the support to be more safe as a support construction parameter, and carrying out rock burst prevention and control grade checking calculation according to the obtained support construction parameter to obtain the seismic grade of the roadway corresponding to the support construction parameter, which can resist the rock burst.
And constructing the energy-absorbing anchor rods or the energy-absorbing anchor cables according to the obtained support construction parameters, wherein the construction method adopts the conventional construction method, and the detailed description is omitted.
By adopting the control method of the embodiment, the support construction parameters are obtained by considering not only the relation between the support member performance parameters and the roadway surrounding rock strength, but also the relation between the support member performance parameters and the stored elastic energy in the surrounding rock, so that dynamic disaster accidents such as deep roadway rock burst and the like can be effectively prevented and treated.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive efforts by those skilled in the art based on the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The deep well roadway roof cutting pressure relief-support energy absorption control method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
a mechanical analysis model of the roof cutting pressure relief-support energy absorption rock stratum is established, and roof cutting-filling parameters are obtained according to the mechanical analysis model of the pressure relief-support energy absorption rock stratum;
obtaining a first support parameter according to elastic energy stored in roof surrounding rock after roof cutting and energy absorption performance parameters of an energy absorption support piece determined by roof cutting-filling parameters, and obtaining a second support parameter according to the total support strength required by a unit area roadway and the mechanical performance parameters of the energy absorption support piece;
the first support parameter obtaining method comprises the following steps:
wherein Uw is elastic energy stored by roof surrounding rock after roof cutting, B is roadway width, eta is safety factor, E'AThe energy which can be absorbed by a single energy-absorbing supporting piece and the energy-absorbing performance parameter of the energy-absorbing supporting piece, kJ, are obtained by a pre-performed indoor test of the energy-absorbing supporting piece, and neThe number of the energy-absorbing supporting pieces per square meter of the roadway is a first supporting parameter;
the second support parameter obtaining method comprises the following steps:
firstly, calculating the total supporting strength required by a unit area (per square meter) of a roadway, wherein the calculation method comprises the following steps:
h is the height of the top cutting, namely the height of the top plate, m; p is the total supporting strength required by the unit area roadway, kN/m2(ii) a Gamma d is the top plate bulk density within the range of top cutting, kN/m3Wherein, when the roadway roof is composed of multiple strata,
(ii) a Gamma i-single layer top plate volume weight, kN/m3(ii) a Di-the thickness of the single-layer top plate, m; the design support strength of the Pz-energy-absorbing support piece, namely the mechanical property parameters of the energy-absorbing support piece, is obtained by an energy-absorbing support indoor experiment in advance, namely kN;
according to the following steps:
the number n of the energy-absorbing supporting pieces required by the minimum unit area can be obtainedsI.e. the smallest second support parameter;
and selecting the first support parameter and the second support parameter, selecting the larger value as a construction support parameter, and performing the site construction of the roof cutting and energy absorption support part according to the roof cutting-filling parameter and the construction support parameter.
2. The deep well roadway roof cutting pressure relief-support energy absorption control method according to claim 1, wherein the method for obtaining the elastic energy stored in the roof surrounding rock after roof cutting comprises the following steps:
determining a top cutting-filling parameter according to a rock mass crushing and swelling theory; after determining the top cutting-filling parameters, bringing the top cutting-filling parameters into a calculation model for storing elastic energy of the top plate surrounding rock after top cutting to obtain the size of the elastic energy stored in the top plate surrounding rock after top cutting.
3. The deep well roadway roof cutting pressure relief-support energy absorption control method according to claim 2, wherein the roof cutting pressure relief-support energy absorption rock stratum mechanical analysis model is a cantilever beam model with one end fixed and the other end freely movable.
4. The deep well roadway roof cutting pressure relief-support energy absorption control method according to claim 2, wherein a bending moment calculation model is obtained according to the roof cutting pressure relief-support energy absorption rock stratum mechanical analysis model, a bending moment calculation model is obtained after integration of the bending moment calculation model, and a calculation model of the roof surrounding rock storage elastic energy after roof cutting is obtained by integration of the bending moment calculation model.
5. The deep well roadway roof cutting pressure relief-support energy absorption control method according to claim 1, wherein the energy absorption performance parameters and the mechanical performance parameters of the support are obtained according to a pre-performed energy absorption support indoor test.
6. The deep well roadway roof cutting pressure relief-support energy absorption control method according to claim 1, characterized in that the total support strength required for the roadway per unit area is calculated according to a suspension theory.
7. The deep well roadway roof cutting pressure relief-support energy absorption control method according to claim 1, characterized in that the concrete method of site operation is as follows: and (3) performing roof cutting on the roadway roof along the mining area side of the roadway working face by adopting a roof directional precutting technology, and performing combined support on the roadway by adopting an energy-absorbing support piece after the roof cutting is finished.
8. The deep well roadway roof cutting pressure relief-support energy absorption control method according to claim 1, wherein the energy absorption support member is an energy absorption anchor rod or an energy absorption anchor cable.
9. The deep well roadway roof cutting pressure relief-support energy absorption control method according to claim 1, wherein after the first support parameter and the second support parameter are obtained, parameters which enable the support to be more safe are selected to conduct rock burst prevention and control grade checking calculation, and final construction support parameters are determined.
10. The deep well roadway roof cutting pressure relief-support energy absorption control method according to claim 1, wherein after roof cutting and energy absorption support members are constructed in an engineering site, site monitoring is performed, and feedback optimization is performed on the established roof cutting pressure relief-support energy absorption rock stratum mechanical analysis model and roof cutting-filling parameters according to monitoring results.
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| CN113417638A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-09-21 | 中国矿业大学 | Advanced roof cutting pressure relief and surrounding rock control method for hard roof of gob-side roadway |
| CN113914862A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-01-11 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Roof-cutting pressure-relief coal-pillar-free self-entry mining design and evaluation method |
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| CN113669063A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2021-11-19 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Roof cutting self-entry surrounding rock control method |
| CN114352355B (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2022-06-24 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Deep mine rock burst control method |
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| CN113417638A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-09-21 | 中国矿业大学 | Advanced roof cutting pressure relief and surrounding rock control method for hard roof of gob-side roadway |
| CN113914862A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-01-11 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Roof-cutting pressure-relief coal-pillar-free self-entry mining design and evaluation method |
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