CN114515886A - Large-size special-shaped stainless steel pipeline and efficient additive manufacturing device and method thereof - Google Patents

Large-size special-shaped stainless steel pipeline and efficient additive manufacturing device and method thereof Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN114515886A
CN114515886A CN202210126952.2A CN202210126952A CN114515886A CN 114515886 A CN114515886 A CN 114515886A CN 202210126952 A CN202210126952 A CN 202210126952A CN 114515886 A CN114515886 A CN 114515886A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
stainless steel
additive manufacturing
mig
pipes
tig
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202210126952.2A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
不公告发明人
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Beijing Yuding Zengcai Manufacture Research Institute Co ltd
Original Assignee
Beijing Yuding Zengcai Manufacture Research Institute Co ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Beijing Yuding Zengcai Manufacture Research Institute Co ltd filed Critical Beijing Yuding Zengcai Manufacture Research Institute Co ltd
Priority to CN202210126952.2A priority Critical patent/CN114515886A/en
Publication of CN114515886A publication Critical patent/CN114515886A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/346—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding
    • B23K26/348—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding in combination with arc heating, e.g. TIG [tungsten inert gas], MIG [metal inert gas] or plasma welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
    • B23K9/044—Built-up welding on three-dimensional surfaces
    • B23K9/046—Built-up welding on three-dimensional surfaces on surfaces of revolution
    • B23K9/048—Built-up welding on three-dimensional surfaces on surfaces of revolution on cylindrical surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
    • B23K9/167—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a non-consumable electrode
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
    • B23K9/173—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Abstract

The invention discloses a large-size special-shaped stainless steel pipeline and a high-efficiency additive manufacturing device and method thereof.A TIG (tungsten inert gas) and MIG (metal inert gas) double-gun electric arc additive manufacturing process is innovatively provided, a medium carbon steel pipe substrate wrapped with a stainless steel sheet on the surface is selected as a mold core, multi-section straight bent pipes with different lengths are prepared, a groove is prefabricated at the joint of the straight pipes, and laser deep fusion welding is carried out at the groove, so that the large-size special-shaped stainless steel pipeline with excellent performance is obtained.

Description

Large-size special-shaped stainless steel pipeline and efficient additive manufacturing device and method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, in particular to a large-size special-shaped stainless steel pipeline and additive manufacturing equipment and method thereof.
Background
Steel pipe refers to a steel material having a hollow cross section, the length of which is much greater than the diameter or circumference. The method is divided into seamless steel pipes and welded steel pipes according to the production process. The seamless steel pipe can be used for liquid pneumatic pipelines, gas pipelines and the like in various industries. The welded pipeline can be used for water pipelines, gas pipelines, heating pipelines, electric appliance pipelines and the like. However, large-sized stainless steel pipes with different shapes (the shape is not the cross-sectional shape of the steel pipe, but the spatial three-dimensional structure is complicated) belong to large-sized metal parts as shown in fig. 1a and 1b, and the conventional manufacturing method mainly includes forging, casting, machining and the like, or the parts are formed in sections by using forging and casting processes, and then are connected into the whole parts by welding or mechanical connection. However, the large metal parts are easy to have the defects of looseness, shrinkage cavity, inclusion and the like in the casting process; meanwhile, when a large part is forged, the problems of insufficient tonnage of a forging press, high die processing cost, complex manufacturing process, overlong processing period and the like exist, the manufacturing of related equipment is disturbed for a long time, and the problem becomes a bottleneck limiting the further development of the large metal pipe fitting preparation industry. Particularly, for materials with high alloy component content such as stainless steel, in the process of preparing thick-wall pipe fittings, the defects of uneven structure and the like are easily caused by the traditional forming process, and the defects of the structure performance at the welding seam can be seriously caused by the great difference between the welding process and the forming process.
The electric Arc Additive manufacturing technology (WAAM) takes electric Arc as energy carrying beam and manufactures a metal entity component by adopting a layer-by-layer surfacing mode, the technology is developed mainly based on TIG, MIG, SAW and other welding technologies, a formed part is formed by a full-welding seam, the chemical components are uniform, the density is high, the open forming environment has no limit on the size of the formed part, the forming speed can reach several kg/h, the material utilization rate is higher, the forming efficiency is high, the equipment cost is low, the size of the formed part is basically not limited, and the electric Arc Additive manufacturing technology is particularly suitable for low-cost, efficient and quick near-net forming of large-size metal complex components. Arc stable, splash free non-consumable gas shielded welding (TIG) and consumable inert/active gas shielded welding (MIG/MAG) based welding provide the major heat sources currently in use.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to manufacture a large-size special-shaped stainless steel pipeline by adopting an arc additive manufacturing technology of TIG + MIG composite welding.
The invention provides a high-efficiency additive manufacturing device for a large-size special-shaped stainless steel pipeline, which is characterized in that: the additive manufacturing device comprises a processing table, a mechanical table, a mold core, a TIG welding gun, a MIG welding gun and a laser processing head, wherein the mold core consists of a medium carbon steel pipe matrix and a stainless steel sheet wound on the surface of the medium carbon steel pipe matrix; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the processing table comprises a transposition disc and a top disc, and the transposition disc and the top disc clamp two ends of the medium carbon steel tube substrate; two ends of the medium carbon steel pipe substrate are provided with closed end faces, and oil through holes for the cooling medium to enter and exit are respectively formed in the two closed end faces;
the mechanical table comprises a guide rail, a mechanical arm is arranged on the guide rail, and the TIG welding gun, the MIG welding gun and the laser processing head are detachably arranged on the mechanical arm;
an arc restraint device is arranged at the muzzle of the MIG welding gun and comprises a restraint nozzle and a lead, wherein the restraint nozzle extends outwards from the muzzle and is formed by an annular inner wall, an annular outer wall and an annular cavity, and the lead is wound on the annular outer wall of the restraint nozzle; and a water inlet and a water outlet for leading cooling media into and out of the annular cavity are formed in the annular outer wall.
Further preferably, the inner diameter of the medium carbon steel tube substrate is 100-1000mm, and the wall thickness is 0.25-20 mm; the thickness of the stainless steel sheet is 0.25-10 mm; the stainless steel sheet extends 10-20 mm from two end faces of the medium carbon steel tube substrate respectively.
The invention also provides an additive manufacturing method for implementing the large-size special-shaped stainless steel pipeline by adopting the additive manufacturing device, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) designing a plurality of sections of design pipes which are manufactured by electric arc additive manufacturing and at least have straight pipes at two ends according to the large-size special-shaped stainless steel pipeline, wherein the plurality of sections of design pipes are spliced at the ports of the respective straight pipes to form the large-size special-shaped stainless steel pipeline;
2) selecting one of the multiple sections of design pipes as a target pipe to start TIG + MIG hybrid welding arc additive manufacturing, specifically, selecting a mold core with the outer surface shape consistent with the inner wall shape of the design pipe, and clamping a medium carbon steel pipe substrate of the mold core between the transposition disc and the top disc; adjusting a TIG welding gun and a MIG welding gun to be vertical to the upper surface of the medium carbon steel tube substrate by using a mechanical arm, and then starting to scan along the axial direction of the medium carbon steel tube substrate; stopping arcing when the height of the deposition layer on the surface of the medium carbon steel tube substrate reaches the designed tube wall thickness, the additive width is 10-100 mm, and the additive length is 10-100 mm, and keeping a welding gun to rotate a rotating disc for 5-10 degrees; then starting arc again and repeating the TIG + MIG composite welding arc additive manufacturing till the rotating plate rotates for a circle to form a circle of stainless steel pipe; then, moving the double guns along the axial direction of the medium carbon steel pipe matrix, and repeating the TIG + MIG hybrid welding electric arc additive manufacturing until a complete target pipe is formed;
3) selecting the next one of the plurality of sections of the designed pipes, and repeating the step 2) to form another complete target pipe; thus, the TIG + MIG hybrid welding arc additive manufacturing of all target pipes is completed;
4) prefabricating V-shaped grooves at straight pipe joints at two ends of all the target pipes, placing the straight pipe joints needing to be spliced, adjusting a laser processing head to be vertical to the upper surface of the straight pipe by using a mechanical arm, moving the laser processing head to the groove for additive manufacturing, and rotating the target pipes at two sides of the groove as required until a plurality of layers of mutually fused complete welding seams are formed at the groove to complete laser deep fusion welding; and when all the target pipes are welded with each other, finishing the additive manufacturing of the large-size special-shaped stainless steel pipeline.
Preferably, in the step 2), when the connection part of the straight pipes at the two ends of the target pipe is formed, the thickness of the deposition wall is 10-100 mm larger than that of the designed pipe wall, so that the subsequent groove machining is facilitated.
Preferably, in the step 2), after the medium carbon steel tube base body of the mold core is clamped between the transposition plate and the top plate, a cooling medium is introduced into the medium carbon steel tube base body through the oil through hole; at the same time, a cooling medium is also introduced into the annular cavity of the confining nozzle.
Further preferably, in the step 2), the height h of the TIG welding gun from the surface of the molten pool15-10 mm, and the height h of the MIG welding gun from the surface of the molten pool2The included angle theta between the MIG welding gun and the vertical direction is 30-70 degrees, and the distance L between a tungsten electrode of TIG and a welding wire of MIG is 10-50 mm.
Further preferably, in the step 2), TIG input current is 200-500A, MIG input current is 300-600A, and wire feeding speed is 3-20 m/min.
Preferably, in the step 4), the laser power is 1500-3500W, the focal spot diameter of the laser beam is 1-10 mm, the scanning speed is 7-8 mm/s, the powder feeding speed is 70-80 g/min, and the laser beam and the powder synchronously scan and advance in the gap of the V-shaped groove.
Further preferably, the step 2) is performed simultaneously by using a plurality of additive manufacturing apparatuses to perform additive manufacturing on a plurality of target pipes by simultaneously TIG + MIG hybrid arc welding.
The invention also provides a large-size special-shaped stainless steel pipeline which is prepared by the additive manufacturing method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
firstly, due to the fact that the special-shaped stainless steel pipe is large in size and cannot be manufactured integrally in an additive mode, the special-shaped stainless steel pipe is manufactured by means of multi-path simultaneous deposition in a segmented mode (material increase can be achieved by simultaneous deposition in 1-5 segments), and then the special-shaped stainless steel pipe and the special-shaped stainless steel pipe are connected at a straight pipe to form a complete large-size anisotropic stainless steel pipe.
Secondly, TIG welding has low efficiency, argon has no deoxidation or dehydrogenation function, a tungsten electrode has little melting and evaporation during welding, and tungsten particles can cause tungsten inclusion if entering a molten pool (the preparation work of derusting, removing water and the like requires excessive current). In addition, due to the low production efficiency and the high price of inert gas, the production cost is higher than that of shielded metal arc welding, submerged arc welding and CO2 gas shielded welding. When the MIG welding adopts pure Ar gas protection to weld stainless steel, the cathode spots of the electric arc often drift around due to searching for an oxide film; and the viscosity of molten drops and molten pool liquid metal is high, and the combined action of the molten drops and the molten pool liquid metal causes the defects of snake-shaped welding beads, undercut, air holes and the like of welding seams. Therefore, the invention adopts TIG + MIG composite welding to produce the special-shaped steel pipe in an additive mode, the TIG-MIG composite welding technology utilizes the continuous existence of the preposed TIG electric arc, not only has a preheating effect on a welding wire and a workpiece, but also can ensure the cathode spot of the MIG electric arc to be stable under the protection of pure Ar gas, so that the welding seam is attractive in shape, the fusion depth is increased, the joint quality is equivalent to that of the TIG welding, namely the TIG electric arc plays a role in forming a molten pool, and the MIG electric arc feeds the melted welding wire into the molten pool to form a deposited layer material, thus, the TIG-MIG composite welding has the characteristics of high TIG welding quality and high MIG welding efficiency.
Thirdly, a medium carbon steel tube substrate wrapped with a stainless steel sheet is selected as a mold core, the medium carbon steel tube is low in cost, but the stainless steel is mainly characterized by being stainless and corrosion resistant, the chromium content is at least 10.5%, and the maximum carbon content is not more than 1.2%, generally, the carbon content of the steel is very low and is generally lower than 0.25%, so that the corrosion resistance of the stainless steel is avoided being lost due to the formation of carbide with the chromium.
Fourthly, the required precision of the joints of the multi-section split pipes is higher, the operation difficulty is high, the double-gun electric arc is not enough to meet the requirements, grooves are prefabricated at the joints of the straight pipes, the straight pipes are connected in a laser deep fusion welding mode, and the problems are well solved.
Drawings
Fig. 1a and 1b are schematic structural views of a large-sized profiled pipe.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of TIG + MIG arc hybrid additive processing.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a stainless steel tube made by additive manufacturing on the outer surface of a mold core.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a MIG gun configuration.
Fig. 5 is an overall perspective view of the arc additive manufacturing apparatus.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a circle of stainless steel tubing formed on the outer surface of a mandrel.
Fig. 7 is a schematic groove view.
FIG. 8 shows the structural morphology of as-deposited wire arc additive 316L stainless steel.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
Specifically, the large-sized special-shaped stainless steel pipeline is prepared by the following additive manufacturing device and additive manufacturing method with reference to fig. 2-7:
the invention adopts an arc additive manufacturing mode to carry out segmented manufacturing, and adopts a TIG + MIG arc composite additive manufacturing mode to carry out additive manufacturing. As shown in fig. 2 and 5, the additive manufacturing device comprises a processing table, a mechanical table, a mold core (the cross section of the mold core is shown in fig. 3) consisting of a medium carbon steel tube base 6 and a stainless steel sheet 5 wound on the surface of the medium carbon steel tube base 6, a TIG welding gun 1, a MIG welding gun 4 and a laser processing head; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the processing table comprises a transposition disc 17 and a top disc 18, and the transposition disc 17 and the top disc 18 clamp two ends of the medium carbon steel tube matrix 6; during TIG + MIG double-gun arc additive manufacturing, a large amount of heat is generated, in order to prevent the medium carbon steel tube substrate 6 from overheating, the two ends of the medium carbon steel tube substrate are provided with closed end faces to be welded, and two small holes are respectively processed at the two ends of the middle shaft position of the two closed end faces to be used as oil through holes 11 (as shown in figure 3, because the medium carbon steel tube substrate 12 is connected with electricity, in order to avoid accidents, organic oil is preferably used as cooling liquid, and of course, pure water or other suitable cooling media can be selected);
the mechanical table comprises a guide rail 19, a mechanical arm 20 is arranged on the guide rail, and the TIG welding gun 1, the MIG welding gun 4 and the laser processing head are detachably arranged on the mechanical arm 20;
because the MIG welding wire 16 is slightly vibrated under the action of the high-energy arc beam, the arc is not in the linear direction of the preset welding gun angle but is closer to the surface of the substrate, which can cause that molten welding wire drops 8 (see figure 2) can not be stably fed into the molten pool 9, the invention adds an arc restraint device 3 at the muzzle of the MIG welding gun, as shown in figures 2 and 4, wherein the arc restraint device 3 comprises a restraint nozzle 12 which extends outwards from the muzzle and is formed by an annular inner wall, an annular outer wall and an annular cavity, and a lead 13 which is wound on the annular outer wall of the restraint nozzle 12; the annular outer wall is provided with a water inlet 14 and a water outlet 15 for leading cooling medium into and out of the annular cavity (the temperature of a welding gun opening is extremely high during the working of electric arc, so that the induction coil needs to be cooled). The MIG arc is constrained by generating a magnetic field through the arc constrainer 3, which may be selected from copper, WC, yttria, ZrB2, TiB2, TiC, SiC, Ta4HfC5, etc. to increase the direction of a magnetic field stabilizing arc to ensure stable entry of the molten wire droplet 8 into the puddle 9.
And designing according to the large-size special-shaped stainless steel pipeline to obtain a multi-section designed pipe with at least two straight pipes at two ends, wherein the multi-section designed pipe is spliced at the port of each straight pipe to form the large-size special-shaped stainless steel pipeline.
After design, the specific processing steps are as follows:
1) selecting a medium carbon steel tube substrate 6 with the outer diameter of 1000mm (the medium carbon steel tube substrate is consistent with the shape of a corresponding designed tube after the special-shaped tube is segmented) and a stainless steel sheet 5 with the thickness of 5mm, wiping the surface of the medium carbon steel tube substrate 6 by using a steel brush before material increase, removing an oxide film on the surface, wiping the surface of the medium carbon steel tube substrate 6 and the surface of the stainless steel sheet 5 by using acetone to remove oil stain and dust, fully welding the stainless steel sheet 5 on the surface of the medium carbon steel tube substrate 6 by using double metal welding, then placing the medium carbon steel tube substrate on a rotary plate 17, adjusting the medium carbon steel tube substrate to be horizontal, introducing cooling oil from an oil passing hole 11 until the whole medium carbon steel tube substrate 6 is filled, and arranging a condenser on a cooling oil conveying pipeline behind the oil passing hole 11 to achieve the purpose of rapid cooling so as to recycle the cooling oil.
2) Before working, the device and the tool are checked to be good, a welding power supply is checked, a control system is controlled to be provided with a grounding wire, and lubricating oil is added to a transmission part. The rotation needs to be normal, and the argon and water sources need to be smooth. And checking whether the welding gun is normal or not and whether the ground wire is reliable or not. Checking whether the lead and the cable joint are reliable or not, checking whether the adjusting mechanism and the wire feeding mechanism are in good condition or not, and connecting the two ends of the medium carbon steel pipe matrix 6 into a power supply welding gun circuit.
3) After the inspection is finished, the power supply is switched on, the TIG welding gun 1 and the MIG welding gun 4 are adjusted to be vertical to the upper surface of the medium carbon steel pipe base body 6 by using the mechanical arm 20, and the height h of the TIG welding gun 1 from the surface of the molten pool 9 is adjusted as shown in figure 41To 8mm (too high, not easy to form a molten pool, too low, easy to burn through a stainless steel sheet, and not capable of diluting the carbon content), and a height h of the MIG welding gun 4 from the surface of the molten pool2To 10mm (too high, which would result in the molten wire not being stably fed into the molten pool and spattering, and too low, which would widen the coupling arc 7 and enlarge the molten pool and deepen the molten pool, thereby forming a crater), and a distance L between the tungsten electrode 2 of the TIG welding gun and the wire 16 of the MIG welding gun of 15mm (too close, which would result from the TIG and MIG electrodes being opposite each other)Large repulsive forces are generated, in addition, the TIG arc burns a magnetic field coil on the MIG, and too far away, the molten welding wire cannot be stably fed into a molten pool), and the angle theta between the MIG welding gun 4 and the vertical direction is 30 degrees (the influence of theta and L is similar).
4) Inert gas (Ar) is fed through the welding torch (shielding is formed around the arc and on the welding pool), and Ar gas for protecting the back surface of the welding seam is blown under the welding seam during working. The TIG input current is adjusted to 400A (the current is too low, so that the molten pool is too small, a large hump is generated, the current is too high, the molten pool is too large, and the surface is sunken), the MIG input current is adjusted to 500A (the current is too low, so that the melting rate of the welding wire is too slow, the filling amount in the molten pool is reduced, the current is too high, so that the molten welding wire is splashed), and the wire feeding rate is 18m/min (the molten pool is quickly filled and overflows to form the hump when the current is too fast, and the molten pool is not filled to form the sunken part when the current is too slow).
5) And (3) arc striking, scanning along the direction of the central axis of the medium carbon steel tube substrate, stopping arc striking when the height of a deposition layer on the surface of the substrate tube reaches the wall thickness of a required stainless steel tube, the additive width is about 20mm (determined according to the outer diameter of the medium carbon steel tube substrate), and the length is about 20mm (determined according to the outer diameter of the medium carbon steel tube substrate), rotating the rotating disk by 10 degrees, keeping the welding gun stationary, ensuring that the surface of the medium carbon steel tube substrate is vertical to the welding gun, and re-striking the arc. After one revolution, a ring of stainless steel tubes 10 is formed, as shown in fig. 3 and 6. Then horizontally moving the double guns along the axial direction of the base body of the medium carbon steel tube, and repeating the steps until a complete stainless steel tube is formed. It should be noted that, at the joint of the straight pipes, the wall thickness of the processed stainless steel pipe is 80mm thicker than the required wall thickness, which is convenient for subsequent machining and laser deep fusion welding.
7) Different design section pipelines can utilize 1~3 pairs of rush-harvesting and rush-harvesting electric arcs to work simultaneously according to the medium carbon steel pipe base member length size that it corresponds for efficiency. If the processing platform and the mechanical platform are sufficient, the multi-channel multi-pair welding guns can also work simultaneously, and the production efficiency of the stainless steel pipe is greatly improved.
8) After each section of road is machined, machining is respectively carried out, and a groove 21 is prefabricated at the joint 22 of the straight pipe, as shown in fig. 7 (the groove angle is preferably 55-80 degrees, and in this embodiment, is 70 degrees). And scrubbing the groove by using acetone to remove oil stain and dust, wherein the surface of the groove is not required to be provided with oil stain, rust and the like, and the oil and rust are removed within 200mm of the two sides of the welding line.
9) The segmented pipelines on two sides of the groove are placed on a transposition plate and are adjusted to be horizontal, the laser head is adjusted to be perpendicular to the upper surface of the straight pipe by the aid of a mechanical arm and is moved to the groove, Ar gas is introduced, laser power is adjusted to be 3000W, the diameter of a focal spot of a light beam is 6mm, the scanning speed is 8mm/s (too fast) and the powder feeding speed is 75g/min, the laser beam and powder synchronously scan and advance in the gap of the V-shaped groove, and the powder and the base materials of the connecting pieces on two sides are melted by heat of the laser beam to form a multi-layer welding seam which is fused with each other. The positioner needs to rotate a certain angle at times in the connection process, and the laser head is ensured to be vertical to the upper surface of the straight pipe until welding is completed.
And (3) detecting the processed large-size special-shaped stainless steel pipeline by using a nondestructive detection technology, wherein the internal structure is free of defects. Meanwhile, fig. 8 shows the metallographic structure of 316L stainless steel prepared in the above example, where ferrite (δ phase) is distributed on an austenite (γ phase) substrate, it can be seen that the microstructure has no obvious pores, cracks or interlayer non-fusion defects, a weld line is visible, crystal grains grown epitaxially can be seen, and the microstructure at the weld line is more refined. Table 1 shows the room-temperature tensile properties.
TABLE 1 wire arc additive manufacturing 316L stainless steel as-deposited room temperature tensile properties
Material UTS/MPa YS/MPa EL/% RA/%
Arc additive manufacturing 316L stainless steel (as-deposited) 600±13 339±7 53±2 70±4
Forging 316L (solid solution) 505~578 222~265 56~63 70~81
316L industry Standard 450 170 40 50
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a high-efficient vibration material disk manufacturing installation of jumbo size dysmorphism stainless steel pipeline which characterized in that: the additive manufacturing device comprises a processing table, a mechanical table, a mold core, a TIG welding gun, a MIG welding gun and a laser processing head, wherein the mold core consists of a medium carbon steel pipe matrix and a stainless steel sheet wound on the surface of the medium carbon steel pipe matrix; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the processing table comprises a transposition disc and a top disc, and the transposition disc and the top disc clamp two ends of the medium carbon steel tube substrate; two ends of the medium carbon steel pipe substrate are provided with closed end faces, and oil through holes for the cooling medium to enter and exit are respectively formed in the two closed end faces;
the mechanical table comprises a guide rail, a mechanical arm is arranged on the guide rail, and the TIG welding gun, the MIG welding gun and the laser processing head are detachably arranged on the mechanical arm;
an arc restraint device is arranged at the muzzle of the MIG welding gun and comprises a restraint nozzle and a lead, wherein the restraint nozzle extends outwards from the muzzle and is formed by an annular inner wall, an annular outer wall and an annular cavity, and the lead is wound on the annular outer wall of the restraint nozzle; and a water inlet and a water outlet for leading cooling media into and out of the annular cavity are formed in the annular outer wall.
2. The efficient material additive manufacturing device for the large-size special-shaped stainless steel pipeline as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of the medium carbon steel pipe substrate is 100-1000mm, and the wall thickness is 0.25-20 mm; the thickness of the stainless steel sheet is 0.25-10 mm; the stainless steel sheet extends 10-20 mm from two end faces of the medium carbon steel tube substrate respectively.
3. An additive manufacturing method of a large-size special-shaped stainless steel pipeline, which is implemented by the efficient additive manufacturing device of the large-size special-shaped stainless steel pipeline as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) designing a plurality of sections of design pipes which are manufactured by electric arc additive manufacturing and at least have straight pipes at two ends according to the large-size special-shaped stainless steel pipeline, wherein the plurality of sections of design pipes are spliced at the ports of the respective straight pipes to form the large-size special-shaped stainless steel pipeline;
2) selecting one of the multiple sections of design pipes as a target pipe to start TIG + MIG hybrid welding arc additive manufacturing, specifically, selecting a mold core with the outer surface shape consistent with the inner wall shape of the design pipe, and clamping a medium carbon steel pipe substrate of the mold core between the transposition disc and the top disc; adjusting a TIG welding gun and a MIG welding gun to be vertical to the upper surface of the medium carbon steel tube substrate by using a mechanical arm, and then starting to scan along the axial direction of the medium carbon steel tube substrate; stopping arcing when the height of the deposition layer on the surface of the medium carbon steel tube substrate reaches the designed tube wall thickness, the additive width is 10-100 mm, and the additive length is 10-100 mm, and keeping a welding gun to rotate a rotating disc for 5-10 degrees; then starting arc again and repeating the TIG + MIG composite welding arc additive manufacturing till the rotating plate rotates for a circle to form a circle of stainless steel pipe; then, moving the double guns along the axial direction of the medium carbon steel pipe matrix, and repeating the TIG + MIG hybrid welding electric arc additive manufacturing until a complete target pipe is formed;
3) selecting the next one of the plurality of sections of the designed pipes, and repeating the step 2) to form another complete target pipe; thus, the TIG + MIG hybrid welding arc additive manufacturing of all target pipes is completed;
4) prefabricating V-shaped grooves at straight pipe joints at two ends of all the target pipes, placing the straight pipe joints needing to be spliced, adjusting a laser processing head to be vertical to the upper surface of the straight pipe by using a mechanical arm, moving the laser processing head to the groove for additive manufacturing, and rotating the target pipes at two sides of the groove as required until a plurality of layers of mutually fused complete welding seams are formed at the groove to complete laser deep fusion welding; and when all the target pipes are welded with each other, finishing the additive manufacturing of the large-size special-shaped stainless steel pipeline.
4. The additive manufacturing method for large-size special-shaped stainless steel pipelines according to claim 3, wherein in the step 2), when the joints of the straight pipes at the two ends of the target pipe are formed, the thickness of the deposited wall is 10-100 mm larger than that of the designed pipe wall, so that the subsequent groove machining is facilitated.
5. The additive manufacturing method of the large-size special-shaped stainless steel pipeline according to claim 3, wherein in the step 2), after the medium carbon steel pipe base body of the mold core is clamped between the indexing disc and the top disc, a cooling medium is introduced into the medium carbon steel pipe base body through the oil through hole; at the same time, a cooling medium is also introduced into the annular cavity of the confining nozzle.
6. The additive manufacturing method for large-size special-shaped stainless steel pipelines according to claim 3, wherein in the step 2), the height h of a TIG welding gun from the surface of a molten pool15-10 mm, height h of MIG welding gun from surface of molten pool2The included angle theta between the MIG welding gun and the vertical direction is 30-70 degrees, and the distance L between a tungsten electrode of TIG and a welding wire of MIG is 10-50 mm.
7. The additive manufacturing method for the large-size special-shaped stainless steel pipeline according to claim 3, wherein in the step 2), TIG input current is 200-500A, MIG input current is 300-600A, and wire feeding speed is 3-20 m/min.
8. The additive manufacturing method of the large-size special-shaped stainless steel pipeline according to claim 3, wherein in the step 4), the laser power is 1500-3500W, the focal spot diameter of the laser beam is 1-10 mm, the scanning speed is 7-8 mm/s, the powder feeding speed is 70-80 g/min, and the laser beam and the powder synchronously scan and advance in the V-shaped groove gap.
9. The additive manufacturing method for large-size special-shaped stainless steel pipes according to claim 3, wherein step 2) is simultaneously performed by a plurality of additive manufacturing devices to perform additive manufacturing for a plurality of target pipes by TIG + MIG hybrid welding arcs at the same time.
10. A large-sized stainless steel pipe with a special shape, which is prepared by the additive manufacturing method of any one of the large-sized stainless steel pipes with a special shape as claimed in claims 3-9.
CN202210126952.2A 2022-02-11 2022-02-11 Large-size special-shaped stainless steel pipeline and efficient additive manufacturing device and method thereof Pending CN114515886A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210126952.2A CN114515886A (en) 2022-02-11 2022-02-11 Large-size special-shaped stainless steel pipeline and efficient additive manufacturing device and method thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210126952.2A CN114515886A (en) 2022-02-11 2022-02-11 Large-size special-shaped stainless steel pipeline and efficient additive manufacturing device and method thereof

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN114515886A true CN114515886A (en) 2022-05-20

Family

ID=81597482

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202210126952.2A Pending CN114515886A (en) 2022-02-11 2022-02-11 Large-size special-shaped stainless steel pipeline and efficient additive manufacturing device and method thereof

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN114515886A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114700499A (en) * 2022-06-06 2022-07-05 北京煜鼎增材制造研究院有限公司 Additive manufacturing method of nitrogen-controlled stainless steel

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4006511A1 (en) * 1990-03-02 1991-09-05 Krupp Gmbh DEVICE FOR FEEDING POWDERED ADDITIVES IN THE AREA OF A WELDING POINT
CN105458470A (en) * 2016-01-04 2016-04-06 江苏科技大学 Material increase manufacturing method for titanium alloy shape part by using double-arc hybrid heat source
FR3041280A1 (en) * 2015-09-23 2017-03-24 Saipem Sa METHOD OF ASSEMBLING TUBES BY LASER WELDING
CN109623097A (en) * 2018-12-23 2019-04-16 南京理工大学 A kind of compound increasing material device of MIG-TIG
CN111545915A (en) * 2020-04-21 2020-08-18 西安交通大学 Method for forming complex metal part by adopting electric arc additive and laser additive compounding
CN112008407A (en) * 2020-07-17 2020-12-01 南京航空航天大学 Material increase and decrease integrated multifunctional system based on coupling of machining and laser manufacturing

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4006511A1 (en) * 1990-03-02 1991-09-05 Krupp Gmbh DEVICE FOR FEEDING POWDERED ADDITIVES IN THE AREA OF A WELDING POINT
FR3041280A1 (en) * 2015-09-23 2017-03-24 Saipem Sa METHOD OF ASSEMBLING TUBES BY LASER WELDING
CN105458470A (en) * 2016-01-04 2016-04-06 江苏科技大学 Material increase manufacturing method for titanium alloy shape part by using double-arc hybrid heat source
CN109623097A (en) * 2018-12-23 2019-04-16 南京理工大学 A kind of compound increasing material device of MIG-TIG
CN111545915A (en) * 2020-04-21 2020-08-18 西安交通大学 Method for forming complex metal part by adopting electric arc additive and laser additive compounding
CN112008407A (en) * 2020-07-17 2020-12-01 南京航空航天大学 Material increase and decrease integrated multifunctional system based on coupling of machining and laser manufacturing

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114700499A (en) * 2022-06-06 2022-07-05 北京煜鼎增材制造研究院有限公司 Additive manufacturing method of nitrogen-controlled stainless steel

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
RU2136464C1 (en) Method of connection of metal parts by electric arc fusion welding
CN112719588B (en) Thick plate narrow gap double-side swinging laser wire filling vertical welding method
CN102310289A (en) Hybrid laser arc welding technology and equipment
JP2010201507A (en) Method of joining two metallic portions by tungsten inert gas welding and apparatus for carrying out this method
CN103252557B (en) Welding method achieving medium thick plate backing welding without back gouging
CN105414745B (en) A kind of replaceable two coordinates laser Machining head of multiaxis NC maching system for preventing Optical Fiber Winding
CN107309563A (en) A kind of laser electrical arc complex welding method of high-grade pipe line steel
CN102744499A (en) Double-side double-arc welding process for root layer of pipeline
CN114226911A (en) Plasma-arc hybrid welding method
CN111730177B (en) Low-dilution-rate double-filler-wire TIG surfacing process and application thereof
CN114515886A (en) Large-size special-shaped stainless steel pipeline and efficient additive manufacturing device and method thereof
CN112743249A (en) Method and system for stirring and strengthening welding seam of composite layer based on electric arc melting of base material
CN110860781B (en) Auxiliary heat source welding method for double-spindle friction stir welding
CN108655568B (en) Equipment and method for magnetic field assisted laser arc hybrid welding of small-diameter thin-walled tube
CN104646831B (en) Hybrid welding apparatus, system, and method for spatially offset components
CN110681972A (en) Vacuum electron beam welding method for extra-thick plate blank
CN110722279A (en) Steel pipe butt welding process
CN112594254B (en) Positioning sleeve of mud beating mechanism and preparation method
CN212122076U (en) Petroleum pipeline laser electric arc hybrid welding device
CN108161297B (en) Welding gun system suitable for welding medium plate and welding method
CN113070549A (en) Pipeline steel two-to-one butt weld pipeline deep melting high-speed welding process method
CN113927193A (en) Novel combined large-penetration welding method for thick plate copper alloy
CN114054955A (en) Laser-electric arc hybrid welding process for steel for medium plate ocean platform
CN113172306A (en) Hollow electrode wire feeding electric arc additive manufacturing system and method
CN114226925A (en) Stainless steel workpiece butt deep-melting argon arc welding method

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication
RJ01 Rejection of invention patent application after publication

Application publication date: 20220520