CN112008407A - Material increase and decrease integrated multifunctional system based on coupling of machining and laser manufacturing - Google Patents

Material increase and decrease integrated multifunctional system based on coupling of machining and laser manufacturing Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112008407A
CN112008407A CN202010695762.3A CN202010695762A CN112008407A CN 112008407 A CN112008407 A CN 112008407A CN 202010695762 A CN202010695762 A CN 202010695762A CN 112008407 A CN112008407 A CN 112008407A
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China
Prior art keywords
laser
machining
head
control device
manufacturing
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CN202010695762.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
占小红
赵艳秋
王磊磊
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Priority to CN202010695762.3A priority Critical patent/CN112008407A/en
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23PMETAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P23/00Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor

Abstract

The invention discloses a material increase and decrease integrated multifunctional system based on coupling of machining and laser manufacturing. The mechanical processing system can realize the mechanical processing of the complex parts, and the laser processing system and the electric arc processing system can realize the welding, material increase and cutting of the complex parts, and the specific methods are laser welding, laser-electric arc composite welding, laser wire filling welding, laser material increase manufacturing, laser cutting and the like. The invention integrates the traditional mechanical processing and the advanced laser manufacturing technology, can be compatible with the multi-process manufacturing requirement of the complex parts, simplifies the manufacturing process flow, reduces the production period and realizes the high-efficiency manufacturing of the complex parts.

Description

Material increase and decrease integrated multifunctional system based on coupling of machining and laser manufacturing
Technical Field
The invention relates to a material increasing and decreasing integrated multifunctional system, in particular to a material increasing and decreasing integrated multifunctional system based on coupling of machining and laser manufacturing.
Background
The production of complex parts requires multiple processing links, and often involves a large number of machining means and manufacturing techniques, the traditional machining means includes turning, milling, planing, grinding, drilling and the like, which are basic means for pretreatment of complex parts, and the traditional manufacturing techniques mainly include arc welding, wire cutting and the like. A plurality of stations and a plurality of times of clamping are often needed in the traditional machining process, so that the efficiency is low. In actual industrial production, if necessary processing links can be combined and the manufacturing process flow of the product is simplified, the production period of the product can be effectively reduced.
On the other hand, the laser is used as a heat source with good directivity and high energy density, and can be effectively applied to welding, material increase and cutting of complex parts. The manufacturing technology using laser as the main heat source includes laser welding, laser filler wire welding, laser-arc hybrid welding, laser additive manufacturing, laser filler wire additive manufacturing, laser cutting and the like. If an advanced laser manufacturing technology can be further introduced on the basis of simplifying the manufacturing process flow, the production quality and efficiency of the product can be further improved.
The invention integrates the traditional mechanical processing and various advanced laser manufacturing technologies, can be compatible with the multi-process manufacturing requirements of complex parts, simplifies the manufacturing process flow, reduces the production period, realizes the efficient manufacturing of the complex parts, and has high automation degree.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to simplify the manufacturing process flow of complex parts and reduce the production period of products, the invention provides a material adding and reducing integrated multifunctional system based on coupling of machining and laser manufacturing, which can realize automatic switching between the machining and the laser manufacturing according to production requirements.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the material increasing and decreasing integrated multifunctional system based on the coupling of machining and laser manufacturing comprises a control system, a machining system, a laser machining system, a movable working platform and an electric arc machining system, wherein the control system comprises a controller, a connecting wire, a control cabinet and a portal frame, and the machining system, the laser machining system, the movable working platform and the electric arc machining system are controlled by the controller in the control system in a unified mode.
Further, the machining system comprises an electric lifting column, a machining control device, a water cooling head, a cutter, a main shaft, a machining control device mounting plate and a standby cutter mounting shaft, the machining system is fixed on the portal frame through the machining device mounting plate, the machining control device achieves lifting movement through the electric lifting column, and the water cooling head, the cutter and the main shaft are all mounted on the machining control device.
Further, the laser processing system comprises a laser processing control device, a laser welding head, a laser processing mechanical arm, a laser cladding head, a laser beam, a laser cutting head, a laser processing control device mounting plate, an optical fiber and a laser, the laser processing system is fixed on the portal frame through the laser processing control device mounting plate, the controller realizes automatic switching of the laser welding head, the laser cladding head and the laser cutting head by controlling the laser processing mechanical arm, and the laser welding head, the laser cladding head and the laser cutting head are used for emitting the laser beam.
Further, the movable working platform comprises a liftable platform, a working platform base, a movable platform and a workpiece to be machined, the workpiece to be machined is placed on the movable working platform, and the controller is used for positioning the workpiece to be machined by controlling the liftable platform and the movable platform.
Further, the electric arc processing system include TIG heat source, TIG send a machine, welding wire, TIG welder, guide wire mouth, MIG welder, retractable arm, MIG send a machine and MIG heat source, TIG welder and MIG welder pass through the retractable arm and install jointly in laser beam machining controlling means, the controller realizes TIG welder, the automatic switch-over of MIG welder operating condition and non-operating condition through controlling retractable arm.
Further, there are 8 annular array distribution's cutter installation axle for use on the machining controlling means, the controller realizes the automatic switch-over of different cutters through controlling machining controlling means.
Further, five heat source output devices are mounted on the laser processing control device and are respectively a laser welding head, a laser cladding head, a laser cutting head, a TIG welding gun and an MIG welding gun which are distributed in a pentagonal shape in bilateral symmetry, wherein the laser welding head, the laser cladding head and the laser cutting head are distributed in a right triangle shape and controlled by a controller, can move to the central working area of the laser processing control device along the diameter direction, and are mounted on a laser processing mechanical arm.
Further, the laser processing mechanical arm and the telescopic mechanical arm are two-shaft mechanical arms, and the heat source output angles of the laser welding head, the laser cladding head, the laser cutting head, the TIG welding gun and the MIG welding gun can be adjusted.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention integrates the traditional machining and various advanced laser manufacturing technologies, integrates different machining tools, laser welding heads, laser cladding heads, laser cutting heads, TIG welding guns and MIG welding guns into a whole, and can realize automatic switching of the functions of machining, laser welding, laser filler wire welding, laser-arc hybrid welding, laser additive manufacturing, laser filler wire additive manufacturing, laser cutting and the like. The invention can effectively meet the multi-process manufacturing requirements of complex parts, has high automation degree and is particularly suitable for complex structures with complicated manufacturing process flows. In addition, the invention can adjust the processing process according to the process requirements of the complex parts, and can be flexibly applied to the production and the manufacture of various complex parts.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an integrated material adding and reducing multifunctional system based on coupling of machining and laser manufacturing according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a laser-MIG hybrid weld provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a machining control device of an integrated material-adding and material-reducing multifunctional system based on coupling of machining and laser manufacturing according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a laser processing and arc processing control device of an integrated material increase and decrease multifunctional system based on coupling of mechanical processing and laser manufacturing.
In the figure, the position of the upper end of the main shaft,
1-a control system; 11 a controller; 12-a connecting line; 13-a control cabinet; 14-a portal frame;
2-a machining system; 21-an electric lifting column; 22-machining control means; 23-a water cooling head; 24-a cutter; 25-a main shaft; 26-machining device mounting plate; 27-mounting a shaft for a standby cutter;
3-a laser processing system; 31-laser processing control means; 32-laser welding head; 33-laser processing mechanical arm; 34-laser cladding head; 35-a laser beam; 36-a laser cutting head; 37-laser processing control device mounting plate; 38-an optical fiber; 39-laser;
4-a movable working platform; 41-a liftable platform; 42-a table base; 43-a movable platform; 44-a workpiece to be machined;
5-an arc processing system; 51-TIG heat source; 52-TIG wire feeder; 53-welding wire; 54-TIG welding torch; 55-a thread guide nozzle; 56-MIG welding gun; 57-telescoping robotic arm; 58-MIG wire feeder; 59-MIG heat source;
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the material adding and reducing integrated multifunctional system based on coupling of machining and laser manufacturing according to the present invention includes a control system 1, a machining system 2, a laser machining system 3, a movable working platform 4 and an arc machining system 5, wherein the machining system 2, the laser machining system 3, the movable working platform 4 and the arc machining system 5 are controlled by a controller 11 in the control system 1. The machining system 2, the laser machining system 3, and the arc machining system 5 are fixed to the gantry via a machining device mounting plate 26 and a laser machining control device mounting plate 37, respectively.
Specifically, the machining system 2 includes an electric lifting column 21, a machining control device 22, a water cooling head 23, a tool 24, a spindle 25, a machining control device mounting plate 26, and a tool mounting shaft 27 to be used. The machining control device 22 is provided with 8 tool mounting shafts 27 to be used, which are distributed in an annular array for mounting different tools 24, the distribution positions of which are shown in fig. 3. The controller 11 controls the machining control device 22 to realize automatic switching of different cutters 24, and finish machining operations such as turning, milling, planing, grinding, drilling and the like.
Specifically, the laser processing system 3 includes a laser processing control device 31, a laser welding head 32, a laser processing mechanical arm 33, a laser cladding head 34, a laser beam 35, a laser cutting head 36, a laser processing control device mounting plate 37, an optical fiber 38, and a laser 39, and the arc processing system 5 includes a TIG heat source 51, a TIG wire feeder 52, a welding wire 53, a TIG welding gun 54, a wire guide nozzle 55, a MIG welding gun 56, a telescopic mechanical arm 57, a MIG wire feeder 58, and a MIG heat source 59. In the laser processing system 3 and the arc processing system 5, five heat source output devices, i.e., a laser welding head 32, a laser cladding head 34, a laser cutting head 36, a TIG welding gun 54, and a MIG welding gun 56 are mounted on the laser processing control device 31, and the distribution positions thereof are shown in fig. 4. The controller 11 controls the laser processing mechanical arm 33 to realize automatic switching of the laser welding head 32, the laser cladding head 34 and the laser cutting head 36. The controller 11 controls the telescopic mechanical arm 57 to automatically switch the working state and the non-working state of the TIG welding gun 54 and the MIG welding gun 56. The laser welding head 32, the laser cladding head 34, the laser cutting head 36, the TIG welding gun 54 and the MIG welding gun 56 are automatically switched to complete the operations of laser welding, laser filler wire welding, laser-arc hybrid welding, laser additive manufacturing, laser filler wire additive manufacturing, laser cutting and the like.
Preferably, the heat source output angle is adjustable by the laser machining robot 33 and the telescoping robot 57.
Specifically, the movable working platform 4 includes a liftable platform 41, a working platform base 42, a movable platform 43, and a workpiece 44 to be processed. In the machining and laser manufacturing processes, the movement of the workpiece 44 to be machined is realized by the movable working platform 4 and is controlled by the controller 11.
The invention is further illustrated by the following specific example.
Specifically, the workpiece 44 to be machined is a titanium alloy flat plate structure having dimensions of 200mm × 200mm × 6 mm. The machining tool 24 is a milling cutter. The laser 39 is a fiber laser with 10 KW. MIG heat source 59 was a Fornis welder model TPS 5000.
In the example, the workpiece to be processed is subjected to laser cutting, machining, laser-MIG hybrid welding and laser additive manufacturing through an additive and subtractive integrated multifunctional system based on coupling of machining and laser manufacturing. The specific implementation process is as follows:
specifically, the titanium alloy flat plate is fixed to the movable platform 43, and the movable platform 43 moves the titanium alloy flat plate to the laser processing area. The laser cutting head 36 moves to the central working area in the diameter direction of the laser processing control device 31, and is mounted on the laser processing robot arm 33. The laser cutting head 36 emits laser beams 35, the movable platform 43 moves the workpiece 44 to be processed, laser cutting of the titanium alloy flat plate is achieved, and the laser cutting head 36 returns to a non-working area after cutting is completed.
Alternatively, the output power of the laser is set to 5KW, the moving speed of the movable platform 43 is set to 1m/min, the moving direction is the x-axis direction, and two flat plates with the size of 100mm × 200mm × 6mm are cut.
Specifically, the movable platform 43 moves the titanium alloy flat plate to a machining area, the electric lifting column 21 moves the machining control device 22 to a designated working area, the machining control device 22 switches the cutter 24 on the spindle 25 into a milling cutter, the milling cutter is rotated at a high speed by the spindle 25 to complete groove machining of the titanium alloy flat plate, and the water cooling head 23 sprays cooling water in the machining process. After machining, the water cooling head 23 is also closed, and the machining control device 22 returns to the non-working area.
Optionally, the machined groove is a Y-shaped groove, the groove angle is 15 °, and the truncated edge is 1 mm.
Specifically, the movable platform 43 again moves the titanium alloy flat plate to the laser processing area, the laser welding head 32 moves to the central working area along the diameter direction of the laser processing control device 31, and is mounted on the laser processing robot arm 33, and the laser welding head 32 descends along with the laser processing robot arm 33. The controller 11 operates the arc machining system 5 and the telescoping robotic arm 57 mounted MIG gun 54 moves down to the area to be worked. laser-MIG hybrid welding of titanium alloys is achieved by a laser welding head 32 with a MIG welding gun, as shown in FIG. 2. After the laser-MIG hybrid welding is completed, the laser welding head and the MIG welding gun return to a non-working area.
Alternatively, the laser machining robot arm 33 rotates to adjust the angle of the laser to the workpiece to 80 °. The retractable robot arm 57 rotates to adjust the angle of the welding gun to the workpiece to 50 °. The output power of the laser 39 is set to 4KW, the current of the MIG heat source is set to 200A, the wire feeding speed is set to 8m/min, the moving speed of the movable platform 43 is set to 2m/min, the moving direction is the x-axis direction, and the shielding gas is argon (not shown).
Specifically, the laser cladding head 34 moves to the central working area along the diameter direction of the laser processing control device 31 and is mounted on the laser processing mechanical arm 33, the laser cladding head 34 descends along with the laser processing mechanical arm 33, and the action position is the welding toe of the laser-MIG composite welding joint. Laser beam 39 is emitted by laser cladding head 34 to achieve laser additive manufacturing at the weld toe.
Alternatively, the output power of the laser 39 is set to 4KW, the powder feeding speed is 20g/min, the moving speed of the movable platform 43 is set to 2m/min, and the moving direction is the-x-axis direction.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limitations of the embodiments of the present invention, but may be modified in various embodiments and applications by those skilled in the art according to the spirit of the present invention, and the content of the present description should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides an increase and decrease material integration multifunctional system based on machining and laser manufacturing coupling which characterized in that: including control system (1), machining system (2), laser beam machining system (3), movable work platform (4) and electric arc machining system (5), control system (1) includes controller (11), connecting wire (12), switch board (13) and portal frame (14), machining system (2), laser beam machining system (3), movable work platform (4) and electric arc machining system (5) are controlled by controller (11) in control system (1) in unison.
2. The material adding and reducing integrated multifunctional system based on coupling of machining and laser manufacturing of claim 1, wherein the machining system (2) comprises an electric lifting column (21), a machining control device (22), a water cooling head (23), a cutter (24), a spindle (25), a machining control device mounting plate (26) and a standby cutter mounting shaft (27), the machining system (2) is fixed on the portal frame (14) through the machining device mounting plate (26), the machining control device (22) achieves lifting movement through the electric lifting column (21), and the water cooling head (23), the cutter (24) and the spindle (25) are mounted on the machining control device (22).
3. The material adding and reducing integrated multifunctional system based on the coupling of mechanical processing and laser manufacturing as claimed in claim 1, the laser processing system (3) is characterized by comprising a laser processing control device (31), a laser welding head (32), a laser processing mechanical arm (33), a laser cladding head (34), a laser beam (35), a laser cutting head (36), a laser processing control device mounting plate (37), an optical fiber (38) and a laser (39), wherein the laser processing system (3) is fixed on a portal frame (14) through the laser processing control device mounting plate (37), the controller (11) realizes automatic switching of the laser welding head (32), the laser cladding head (34) and the laser cutting head (36) by controlling the laser processing mechanical arm (33), and the laser welding head (32), the laser cladding head (34) and the laser cutting head (36) are used for emitting the laser beam (35).
4. The material increasing and decreasing integrated multifunctional system based on coupling of machining and laser manufacturing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the movable working platform (4) comprises a liftable platform (41), a working platform base (42), a movable platform (43) and a workpiece (44) to be machined, the workpiece (44) to be machined is placed on the movable working platform (4), and the controller (11) is used for positioning the workpiece (44) to be machined by operating the liftable platform (41) and the movable platform (43).
5. The material adding and reducing integrated multifunctional system based on coupling of machining and laser manufacturing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the arc machining system (5) comprises a TIG heat source (51), a TIG wire feeder (52), a welding wire (53), a TIG welding gun (54), a wire guide nozzle (55), a MIG welding gun (56), a telescopic mechanical arm (57), a MIG wire feeder (58) and a MIG heat source (59), the TIG welding gun (54) and the MIG welding gun (56) are jointly mounted on the laser machining control device (31) through the telescopic mechanical arm (57), and the controller (11) realizes automatic switching of the working state and the non-working state of the TIG welding gun (54) and the MIG welding gun (56) by controlling the telescopic mechanical arm (57).
6. The material adding and reducing integrated multifunctional system based on the coupling of the machining and the laser manufacturing as claimed in claim 2, wherein the machining control device (22) is provided with 8 standby tool mounting shafts (27) distributed in an annular array, and the controller (11) is used for realizing the automatic switching of different tools (24) by operating the machining control device (22).
7. The material adding and reducing integrated multifunctional system based on coupling of machining and laser manufacturing as claimed in claim 4, wherein five heat source output devices are installed on the laser processing control device (31), and are respectively a laser welding head (32), a laser cladding head (34), a laser cutting head (36), a TIG welding gun (54) and a MIG welding gun (56) which are distributed in a pentagonal shape with bilateral symmetry, wherein the laser welding head (32), the laser cladding head (34) and the laser cutting head (36) are distributed in a right triangle shape, and are controlled by the controller (11) to be capable of moving to a central working area of the laser processing control device (31) along a diameter direction and installed on the laser processing mechanical arm (33).
8. The material adding and reducing integrated multifunctional system based on coupling of machining and laser manufacturing as claimed in claims 4 and 6, characterized in that the laser machining robot (33) and the retractable robot (57) are two-axis robots, and the heat source output angles of the laser welding head (32), the laser cladding head (34), the laser cutting head (36), the TIG welding gun (54) and the MIG welding gun (56) can be adjusted.
CN202010695762.3A 2020-07-17 2020-07-17 Material increase and decrease integrated multifunctional system based on coupling of machining and laser manufacturing Pending CN112008407A (en)

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CN112705835A (en) * 2021-01-15 2021-04-27 南京航空航天大学 Multifunctional combined machining equipment integrating laser cutting, welding, impact strengthening and cleaning
CN113369696A (en) * 2021-06-25 2021-09-10 江苏一言机械科技有限公司 Optical fiber laser and Tig combined welding machine
CN114054958A (en) * 2021-06-30 2022-02-18 佛山国防科技工业技术成果产业化应用推广中心 Laser cladding-double-wire CMT arc wire powder composite additive heterogeneous component manufacturing system
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CN115255932A (en) * 2022-07-15 2022-11-01 广东工业大学 Cross-scale variable-rigidity ultrasonic material increasing and decreasing composite manufacturing process

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CN112705835A (en) * 2021-01-15 2021-04-27 南京航空航天大学 Multifunctional combined machining equipment integrating laser cutting, welding, impact strengthening and cleaning
CN113369696A (en) * 2021-06-25 2021-09-10 江苏一言机械科技有限公司 Optical fiber laser and Tig combined welding machine
CN114054958A (en) * 2021-06-30 2022-02-18 佛山国防科技工业技术成果产业化应用推广中心 Laser cladding-double-wire CMT arc wire powder composite additive heterogeneous component manufacturing system
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CN114515886A (en) * 2022-02-11 2022-05-20 北京煜鼎增材制造研究院有限公司 Large-size special-shaped stainless steel pipeline and efficient additive manufacturing device and method thereof
CN115255932A (en) * 2022-07-15 2022-11-01 广东工业大学 Cross-scale variable-rigidity ultrasonic material increasing and decreasing composite manufacturing process

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Application publication date: 20201201