CN114515564A - Activated carbon composition, formed activated carbon and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Activated carbon composition, formed activated carbon and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114515564A CN114515564A CN202210112653.3A CN202210112653A CN114515564A CN 114515564 A CN114515564 A CN 114515564A CN 202210112653 A CN202210112653 A CN 202210112653A CN 114515564 A CN114515564 A CN 114515564A
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 265
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- PGNYNCTUBKSHHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-diaminobutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(N)C(N)C(O)=O PGNYNCTUBKSHHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011269 tar Substances 0.000 claims description 12
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
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- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims description 6
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- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 2
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- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 4
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- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920000945 Amylopectin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940088710 antibiotic agent Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 239000004841 bisphenol A epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ULGZDMOVFRHVEP-RWJQBGPGSA-N Erythromycin Chemical compound O([C@@H]1[C@@H](C)C(=O)O[C@@H]([C@@]([C@H](O)[C@@H](C)C(=O)[C@H](C)C[C@@](C)(O)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@H](C[C@@H](C)O2)N(C)C)O)[C@H]1C)(C)O)CC)[C@H]1C[C@@](C)(OC)[C@@H](O)[C@H](C)O1 ULGZDMOVFRHVEP-RWJQBGPGSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001479 Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 2
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical class C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002516 radical scavenger Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002336 sorption--desorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GIXXQTYGFOHYPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bisphenol P Chemical compound C=1C=C(C(C)(C)C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 GIXXQTYGFOHYPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002774 Maltodextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005913 Maltodextrin Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004842 bisphenol F epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011280 coal tar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- FYGDTMLNYKFZSV-MRCIVHHJSA-N dextrin Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)OC1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O FYGDTMLNYKFZSV-MRCIVHHJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960003276 erythromycin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002921 fermentation waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003120 macrolide antibiotic agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940035034 maltodextrin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 resorcinol (resorcinol) -modified phenol Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28002—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J20/28011—Other properties, e.g. density, crush strength
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
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- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28057—Surface area, e.g. B.E.T specific surface area
- B01J20/28061—Surface area, e.g. B.E.T specific surface area being in the range 100-500 m2/g
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- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J20/28069—Pore volume, e.g. total pore volume, mesopore volume, micropore volume
- B01J20/28071—Pore volume, e.g. total pore volume, mesopore volume, micropore volume being less than 0.5 ml/g
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- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
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- B01J20/28054—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
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- B01J20/2808—Pore diameter being less than 2 nm, i.e. micropores or nanopores
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- B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
- B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
- B01J2220/48—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation
- B01J2220/4812—Sorbents characterised by the starting material used for their preparation the starting material being of organic character
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Abstract
The invention provides an activated carbon composition, a formed activated carbon and a preparation method thereof. The activated carbon composition includes: a carbon-containing matrix, antibiotic fungi residues and a bonding component; wherein the content of the carbon-containing matrix is 15-25%, preferably 16-19% by total mass of the activated carbon composition; the content of the antibiotic fungi residues is 48-60%, preferably 49-53%; the content of the bonding component is 25% -37%, and preferably 27% -37%. The activated carbon composition realizes resource utilization of antibiotic fungi residues, and solves the problems of difficult treatment and environmental pollution of the antibiotic fungi residues. Furthermore, the formed activated carbon has high microporosity, high wear-resisting strength and excellent adsorption performance and desorption performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an active carbon composition, formed active carbon and a preparation method thereof, in particular to volatile organic matter columnar carbon and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical fields of environmental protection, solid waste utilization and adsorption.
Background
The solid waste generated in the antibiotic production process is mushroom dregs, and the main components of the solid waste are mycelium of antibiotic producing bacteria, unused culture medium, metabolites generated in the fermentation process, degradation products of the culture medium, a small amount of antibiotics and the like. The antibiotic fermentation waste residues have potential hazard to the ecological environment due to the residual culture medium and a small amount of antibiotics and degradation products thereof. In addition, the organic matter content of the fungus residues is high, so that secondary fermentation can be caused, the color becomes black, stink is generated, and the environment is seriously influenced.
The erythromycin thiocyanate fungus slag is derived from the process flow for preparing the erythromycin thiocyanate, and belongs to dangerous solid waste as well as the prepared waste slag. According to related reports, the yield of the erythromycin thiocyanate dregs in China is huge and extremely polluting, the residual erythromycin thiocyanate belongs to macrolide antibiotics, the property is stable, the risks of incapability of degrading or incomplete degradation and the like exist, and the main components are as follows: 5-8% of fixed carbon, 15-25% of ash and 65-80% of volatile components.
At present, antibiotic fungus dregs are mainly treated by burning, drying, sealing or composting, but the three have obvious defects, such as: the cost of incineration is higher, the drying and sealing mode is obviously not sustainable, and the antibiotic can not be completely removed by composting treatment, so that the treatment of antibiotic bacteria residues is not slow.
Citation 1 discloses a method for preparing high-performance activated carbon rich in micropores by using antibiotic fungi residue dry powder, which comprises the steps of firstly grinding antibiotic fungi residues to be treated in a dry basis, and then carrying out N2Pyrolyzing in atmosphere, adding alkali solution to adjust pH, filtering, vacuum drying, grinding the obtained dry powder of the mushroom dregs, heating to 500-650 deg.C, and adding CO2Pyrolyzing in the atmosphere to obtain the active carbon rich in micropores. But the experimental process needs to add a large amount of alkali liquor, the process route is long, the preparation conditions are harsh, the cost is high, and the economy of large-scale production is poor.
Citation 2 discloses a supported Fe3+Antibiotic fungi residue activated carbon and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: drying and grinding the antibiotic fungus dregs; immersing the ground mushroom dregs in Fe3+Shaking and filtering in the salt solution; to filterDrying the fungus dregs; and roasting, cooling, washing and drying the dried mushroom dregs to obtain the activated carbon. The active carbon prepared by the method has higher specific surface area, but the residual antibiotics are transferred into the wastewater in the water washing and deashing process, so that secondary pollution is caused, and the manufacturing cost is higher. Cited documents:
cited document 1: CN108455599A
Cited document 2: CN109012599A
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
In view of the technical problems in the prior art, for example: the invention provides an active carbon composition, which is formed by molding active carbon, and effectively realizes resource utilization of antibiotic fungi residues.
The invention further provides a formed activated carbon which has the advantages of large specific surface area, high microporosity, high wear-resisting strength, and excellent adsorption performance and desorption performance.
Furthermore, the invention also provides a preparation method of the formed activated carbon, which has simple process and easily obtained raw materials and can realize industrialized mass production.
Means for solving the problems
[1] An activated carbon composition, the activated carbon composition comprising: a carbon-containing matrix, antibiotic fungi residues and a bonding component; wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
the content of the carbon-containing matrix is 15-25%, preferably 16-19% by total mass of the activated carbon composition; the content of the antibiotic fungi residues is 48-60%, preferably 49-53%; the content of the bonding component is 25% -37%, and preferably 27% -37%.
[2] The activated carbon composition according to the above [1], wherein 90% or more by mass of the carbon-containing matrix and/or the antibiotic fungi residues have a particle size of 200 to 250 mesh.
[3] The activated carbon composition according to the above [1] or [2], wherein the antibiotic residues comprise erythromycin thiocyanate residues; the binding component comprises one or the combination of more than two of celluloses, starches, epoxy resins, phenolic resins, dextrins, asphalts and tar.
[4] The activated carbon composition according to the above [3], wherein the binder component comprises one or a combination of two or more of starches, epoxies, tars, celluloses and dextrins; preferably, the starch is contained in an amount of 4.5 to 7% by mass of the total mass of the activated carbon composition; the content of the epoxy resin is 3.5-6%, the content of the tar is 12-14%, the content of the cellulose is 3.5-6%, and the content of the dextrin is 1.5-4%.
[5] And a shaped activated carbon produced by using the activated carbon composition according to any one of the above [1] to [4], the activated carbon having a porous structure.
[6] The shaped activated carbon according to the above [5], wherein the shaped activated carbon has at least one of the following characteristics:
the specific surface area of the formed activated carbon is 300-500m2/g；
The iodine adsorption value of the formed activated carbon is 550-700 mg/g;
the micro-porosity of the formed activated carbon is 50-70%;
the methane saturation adsorption rate of the formed activated carbon is 5-10%;
the methane saturation desorption rate of the formed activated carbon is 60-100%;
the abrasion resistance of the formed activated carbon is 95-99.6%;
the aperture of the formed active carbon is 0.1-10 nm;
the pore volume of the formed activated carbon is 0.01-1cm3/g。
[7] A process for producing a shaped activated carbon according to the above [5] or [6], which comprises the steps of:
mixing the carbon-containing matrix, the antibiotic fungi residues and the bonding components and then molding the mixture to obtain a molded body;
carbonizing the formed body to obtain a carbonized product;
and activating the carbonized product to obtain the formed activated carbon.
[8] The preparation method according to the above [7], wherein the carbonization comprises carbonization by raising the temperature to 400-600 ℃ at a temperature rise rate of 3-5 ℃/min, and the retention time of carbonization is 0.5-2 h.
[9] The preparation method according to the above item [7] or 8, wherein the activation comprises heating to 700-900 ℃ at a heating rate of 3-5 ℃/min, and the residence time of the activation is 0.5-2 h.
[10] An adsorbent comprising the shaped activated carbon according to the above [5] or [6] or the shaped activated carbon produced by the production process according to any one of the above [7] to [9 ].
ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION
The activated carbon composition realizes resource utilization of antibiotic fungi residues, and solves the problems of difficult treatment and environmental pollution of the antibiotic fungi residues.
Furthermore, the formed activated carbon has high microporosity, high wear-resisting strength and excellent adsorption performance and desorption performance.
Furthermore, the invention also provides a preparation method of the formed activated carbon, which has the advantages of simple process, easily obtained raw materials and low cost and can realize industrial mass production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron micrograph of a shaped activated carbon prepared according to example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the preparation method of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a graph showing isothermal adsorption-desorption curves of the formed activated carbon prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the pore size distribution of the shaped activated carbon prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below. The technical features described below are explained based on typical embodiments and specific examples of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments and specific examples. It should be noted that:
in the present specification, the numerical range represented by "numerical value a to numerical value B" means a range including the end point numerical value A, B.
In the present specification, "plural" in "plural", and the like means a numerical value of 2 or more unless otherwise specified.
In this specification, the terms "substantially", "substantially" or "substantially" mean an error of less than 5%, or less than 3% or less than 1% as compared to the relevant perfect or theoretical standard.
In the present specification, "%" denotes mass% unless otherwise specified.
In the present specification, the meaning of "may" includes both the meaning of performing a certain process and the meaning of not performing a certain process.
In this specification, "optional" or "optionally" means that the subsequently described event or circumstance may or may not occur, and that the description includes instances where the event occurs and instances where it does not.
Reference in the specification to "some specific/preferred embodiments," "other specific/preferred embodiments," "embodiments," and so forth, means that a particular element (e.g., feature, structure, property, and/or characteristic) described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment described herein, and may or may not be present in other embodiments. In addition, it is to be understood that the described elements may be combined in any suitable manner in the various embodiments.
<First aspect>
A first aspect of the present invention provides an activated carbon composition comprising: a carbon-containing matrix, antibiotic fungi residues and a bonding component; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the content of the carbon-containing matrix is 15-25%, preferably 16-19% by total mass of the activated carbon composition; the content of the antibiotic fungi residues is 48-60%, preferably 49-53%; the content of the bonding component is 25% -37%, and preferably 27% -37%.
Antibiotic fungi residues
The main raw material of the active carbon composition is antibiotic fungi residues, and industrial waste is used as the raw material, so that the effect of resource utilization of dangerous solid waste is achieved, the environment is protected, and the industrial green and environment-friendly production is realized.
Based on the total mass of the active carbon composition, the content of the antibiotic fungi residues is 48-60%, preferably 49-53%; for example: 50%, 51%, 52%, 53%, 54%, 55%, 56%, 57%, 58%, 59%, etc. In the invention, when the content of the antibiotic fungi residues is 48-60%, the ratio of the antibiotic fungi residues in the active carbon composition is high, and the antibiotic fungi residues can be recycled as much as possible on the premise of ensuring the product quality. In some specific embodiments, more than 90% by mass of the antibiotic dregs have a particle size of 200-250 mesh.
In the invention, the antibiotic residues comprise erythromycin thiocyanate residues. The erythromycin thiocyanate fungus dreg is obtained from a process flow for preparing the erythromycin thiocyanate. The two processes of extracting fermentation liquor and extracting mycelium to prepare erythromycin thiocyanate both produce erythromycin thiocyanate fungus dregs. The rhodanamycin residues are generally generated in a filtering stage, a large amount of residues are generated in both fermentation liquor extraction and mycelium extraction modes, and granular solids with water content of only 15% -20% are obtained by flocculation, plate-and-frame filter pressing and hot air drying, and the granular solids also belong to dangerous solid wastes. Generally speaking, the yield of the erythromycin thiocyanate dregs in China is huge and the erythromycin thiocyanate dregs have pollution, and the main components of the erythromycin thiocyanate dregs are as follows: 5-8% of fixed carbon, 15-25% of ash and 65-80% of volatile components.
Carbon-containing matrix
The source of the carbon-containing matrix of the present invention is not particularly limited, and may include various known sources capable of producing activated carbon. For example: the carbon-containing matrix can be coal, semi coke, graphite, wood material or shells of various fruits and the like.
As the coal, lignite, waste fine coal, bituminous coal, anthracite and the like can be mentioned. As the graphite, microcrystalline graphite or the like can be used. The wood material can be trunks or roots of various trees. The husk may be any of various lignin fiber-containing husks such as coconut husk.
In the present invention, the content of the carbon-containing matrix is 15% to 25%, preferably 16% to 19%, based on the total mass of the activated carbon composition; for example: 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, etc. When the content of the carbon-containing matrix is 15-25%, the formed activated carbon with excellent performance can be prepared.
In some specific embodiments, more than 90% by mass of the carbon-containing matrix has a particle size of 200 mesh to 250 mesh. When the particle size of more than 90 percent of the carbon-containing matrix is 200 meshes-250 meshes, the formed activated carbon is obtained.
Binding component
The invention utilizes the adhesive component to adhere the carbon-containing matrix and the antibiotic bacterial residues. On one hand, the bonding component can increase the plasticity of the carbon mud in the material mixing process, and is more beneficial to uniformly mixing and stirring the raw materials; on the other hand, the wear-resisting strength of the activated carbon can be improved; in addition, the formed activated carbon may also be pore-formed using the pyrolysis characteristics of the binder component.
In the present invention, the content of the binding component is 25% to 37%, preferably 27% to 37%, based on the total mass of the activated carbon composition; for example: 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, 35%, 36%, etc. When the content of the bonding component is 25-37%, the prepared formed activated carbon has high wear resistance and strong adsorbability.
In some specific embodiments, the binding component includes one or a combination of two or more of cellulosics, starches, epoxies, phenolics, dextrins, asphalts, pyrones, and the like.
In some specific embodiments, the binding component comprises one or a combination of two or more of starches, epoxies, tars, celluloses, dextrins; preferably, the starch is present in an amount of 4.5% to 7% by mass of the total mass of the activated carbon composition, for example: 4.5%, 5%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.5%, etc.; the content of the epoxy resin is 3.5% -6%, for example: 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 5.5%, etc.; the content of the tar is 12% -14%, for example: 12.5%, 13%, 13.5%, 14%, etc.; the cellulose is 3.5% -6%, for example: 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 5.5%, etc.; the content of the dextrin is 1.5% -4%, for example: 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, etc. When the content of each component of the bonding component is in the range, the wear-resisting strength of the activated carbon can be ensured to be more than 95%, and meanwhile, the use of tar bonding components is reduced to a certain extent, and the emission of sulfides in tail gas is reduced. The cellulose-based organic binder component may be one or a combination of two or more of methylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose or a salt thereof (e.g., sodium carboxymethylcellulose), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose or a salt thereof (e.g., sodium hydroxypropylmethylcellulose), hydroxyethylmethylcellulose or a salt thereof (e.g., sodium hydroxyethylmethylcellulose), and the like.
For the starch-based binding component, there may be mentioned starch or derivatives thereof binding components, such as: starch, amylopectin, and the like.
For the epoxy-based adhesive component, there may be mentioned epoxy or derivatives thereof, such as: one or a combination of two or more of epoxy resin, bisphenol a epoxy resin, hydrogenated bisphenol a epoxy resin, bisphenol F epoxy resin, bisphenol P epoxy resin, bisphenol S epoxy resin, hydroxymethylbisphenol a epoxy resin, brominated bisphenol a epoxy resin, and the like.
For phenolic resin based binding components, this may be a phenolic resin binding component or a modified phenolic resin binding component, for example: one or a combination of two or more of a phenol resin, a melamine-modified phenol resin, a urea-modified phenol resin, a lignin-modified phenol resin, a resorcinol (resorcinol) -modified phenol resin, a polyvinyl acetal-modified phenol resin, and the like.
For dextrin-based binding components, it may be yellow dextrin, maltodextrin, corn dextrin, and the like.
As the asphalt-based binding component, it may be petroleum asphalt, coal asphalt, or the like.
For tar-like binding components, it may be tar, which is generally referred to herein as coal tar and the like.
<Second aspect of the invention>
As shown in fig. 1, a second aspect of the present invention provides a shaped activated carbon prepared by using the activated carbon composition according to the first aspect of the present invention, the activated carbon having a porous structure. The formed activated carbon has the advantages of large specific surface area, high microporosity, high wear resistance, and excellent adsorption performance and desorption performance.
Further, in the present invention, the iodine adsorption value of the shaped activated carbon may be 550-700mg/g, such as 580mg/g, 600mg/g, 620mg/g, 650mg/g, 680mg/g, etc.; the shaped activated carbon may have a microporosity of 50-70%, for example: 52%, 55%, 58%, 60%, 62%, 65%, etc.; the formed activated carbon may have a methane saturation adsorption rate of 5-10%, for example: 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, etc.; the formed activated carbon may have a methane saturation desorption rate of 60-100%, for example: 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95%, etc.; the shaped activated carbon may have an abrasion resistance of 95 to 99.6%, for example: 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, etc.
The shaped activated carbon was subjected to pore size and pore volume measurement using a physical adsorption apparatus (macbecker, japan), and the specific surface area and pore volume were calculated according to the BET theory. Wherein the pore size of the shaped activated carbon may be in the range of 0.1-10nm, preferably 1-5nm, for example: 2.6249-3.5024nm, 2.6461-4.6170nm and the like; the pore volume of the formed activated carbon is 0.01-1cm3In g, preferably 0.1 to 0.5cm3G, for example: 0.1382-0.3352cm3And/g, etc. The specific surface area of the formed activated carbon can be 300-500m2G, for example: 320-480m2/g、350-450m2/g、380-420m2And/g, etc.
<Third aspect of the invention>
As shown in fig. 2, a third aspect of the present invention provides a method for producing a shaped activated carbon according to the second aspect of the present invention, comprising the steps of:
mixing the carbon-containing matrix, the antibiotic fungi residues and the bonding components and then molding the mixture to obtain a molded body;
carbonizing the formed body to obtain a carbonized product;
and activating the carbonized product to obtain the formed activated carbon.
In order to obtain the antibiotic fungi residues and/or the carbon-containing matrix with proper particle size, the antibiotic fungi residues and/or the carbon-containing matrix can be subjected to pulverization treatment, and the pulverization mode is not particularly limited, and can be a pulverization mode commonly used in the field, such as: grinding, and the like. In the present invention, the particle size of the antibiotic fungi residues and/or the carbon-containing matrix may be such that 90% or more of the carbon-containing matrix has a particle size of 200 mesh to 250 mesh, for example: 210 meshes, 220 meshes, 230 meshes, 240 meshes and the like.
Further, the carbon-containing matrix, the antibiotic fungi residues and the bonding components are mixed and molded to obtain a molded body. The molding method is not particularly limited, and may be selected as needed. For example: and (3) carrying out extrusion molding in a die, or carrying out granulation molding by using a granulator. The shape of the molded article after extrusion molding is also not particularly limited in the present invention, and examples thereof include: can be a conventional molded body such as a strip, a column, a sheet, a block and the like. When a granulator is used for granulation, a flat grinding and rolling granulator may be used and used under conditions of 8-12MPa, for example: forming under the conditions of 9MPa, 10MPa, 11MPa and the like.
Further, carbonizing the formed body to obtain a carbonized product; the conditions of the carbonization treatment are not particularly limited in the present invention, and the carbonization treatment may be carried out, for example, in a vacuum state, under an inert gas atmosphere, or under air, and the inert gas may be nitrogen gas or the like. In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the carbonization treatment is performed in a carbonization furnace.
Specifically, the carbonization comprises the step of heating to 400-600 ℃ at the heating rate of 3-5 ℃/min for carbonization, and the residence time of the carbonization is 0.5-2 h. Specifically, the temperature rise rate of the carbonization can be 3.5 ℃/min, 4 ℃/min, 4.5 ℃/min and the like; the carbonization temperature is 420 ℃, 450 ℃, 480 ℃, 500 ℃, 520 ℃, 550 ℃, 580 ℃ and the like, and the residence time of the carbonization is 0.7h, 1h, 1.2h, 1.5h, 1.8h and the like.
And after carbonization is finished, activating the carbonized product to obtain the formed active carbon. The conditions of the activation treatment are not particularly limited, and the activation treatment may be performed in a vacuum state, under an inert gas atmosphere, or under air, and the inert gas may be nitrogen or the like. In some preferred embodiments of the present invention, the activation treatment is performed in a carbonization furnace.
Specifically, the activation comprises heating to 700-900 ℃ at a heating rate of 3-5 ℃/min for activation, and the residence time of the activation is 0.5-2 h. Specifically, the temperature rise rate of the activation may be 3.5 ℃/min, 4 ℃/min, 4.5 ℃/min, or the like; the activation temperature is 720 ℃, 750 ℃, 780 ℃, 800 ℃, 820 ℃, 850 ℃, 880 ℃ and the like, and the residence time of carbonization is 0.7h, 1h, 1.2h, 1.5h, 1.8h and the like.
In the invention, the formed activated carbon obtained by the activation treatment is subjected to post-treatment to obtain a final formed activated carbon product. The mode of the post-treatment is not particularly limited, and post-treatment methods generally used in the art, including washing, drying, classification, packaging, and the like, can be used.
The washing may be carried out using water and/or an organic solvent such as a low boiling point hydrocarbon, an alcohol, an ether, or a ketone, and is preferably carried out using water. The drying may be carried out under conditions of heat and/or reduced pressure to obtain a dried product.
< fourth aspect >
A fourth aspect of the invention provides an adsorbent comprising a shaped activated carbon according to the second aspect of the invention or a shaped activated carbon obtained by a method according to the third aspect of the invention.
The adsorbent may also include various other adsorbents known in the art, such as other activated carbons, molecular sieves, diatomaceous earth, and the like. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the adsorbent comprises at least 60 mass% or more, preferably 80 mass% or more, and more preferably 90 mass% or more of the shaped activated carbon of the present invention, based on the total mass of the adsorbent.
Further, the present invention also provides a use of the shaped activated carbon according to the second aspect of the present invention or the shaped activated carbon obtained by the method according to the third aspect of the present invention for producing a gas adsorbent, an air scavenger, a liquid scavenger.
Examples
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the following examples are only illustrative of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. The examples, in which specific conditions are not specified, were conducted under conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products commercially available.
In the examples, erythromycin thiocyanate slag contained 6.93% fixed carbon, 20.79% ash, 72.28% volatile components.
The performance detection methods of embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 of the present invention are as follows:
1. pore diameter, specific surface area, pore volume: the shaped activated carbon was subjected to pore diameter and pore volume measurement using a physical adsorption apparatus (macbeche, japan), and the specific surface area was calculated according to the BET theory.
2. Iodine adsorption value: GB/T7702.7
3. Wear resistance: GB/T7702.3
4. Microporosity: GB/T7702.20
5. Saturated adsorption rate and saturated desorption rate of methane: GB/T7702.19
Example 1
Taking 0.96kg of waste carbon powder, mechanically mixing uniformly, then crushing by a sampling machine to prepare a uniform component A with 220 meshes (passing through 95 percent of particles)1。
Collecting 3kg of erythromycin thiocyanate residues, and mixing with erythromycin thiocyanateCrushing the slag into powder with the particle size of 200 meshes to obtain a mushroom dreg pretreatment component B1。
Mixing 0.3kg of amylopectin, 0.24kg of epoxy resin, 0.72kg of tar, 0.48kg of carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.12kg of yellow dextrin and the like to obtain a bonding component C1。
Mixing the above prepared homogenate A1A mushroom dreg pretreatment component B1And a binding component C1Uniformly mixing, kneading, and then putting into a flat die rolling granulator under the condition of 8MPa for granulation to obtain a formed body.
And (2) putting the formed body into a carbonization furnace at room temperature for carbonization and activation, raising the temperature from room temperature to 500 ℃ at a heating rate of 3 ℃/min under the condition of isolating air (introducing nitrogen), maintaining the temperature for 1h after raising the temperature to 500 ℃, raising the temperature to 800 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min after completing carbonization, and maintaining the temperature for 1h, thereby obtaining the VOCs columnar carbon.
Detecting the produced formed activated carbon to obtain: as shown in FIG. 4, the formed activated carbon has a pore diameter of 2.6249-3.5024nm and a pore volume of 0.2307cm3(ii) in terms of/g. Fig. 3 is a graph of isothermal adsorption-desorption of the shaped activated carbon of example 1. The specific surface area is 383m by BET calculation2/g。
Further, the formed activated carbon of the present example had an iodine adsorption value of 611mg/g, an abrasion resistance of 99.6%, a microporosity of 54.9%, a methane saturation adsorption rate of 6.2%, and a methane saturation desorption rate of 91%.
Example 2
Mixing anthracite 1.7kg mechanically, pulverizing with sampling machine, and making into 250 mesh (95% granule passing) uniform component A2。
Taking 5.3kg of erythromycin thiocyanate fungus dregs, and crushing the erythromycin thiocyanate fungus dregs into powder with the particle size of 250 meshes (passing through 95 percent of particles), thereby obtaining a fungus dreg pretreatment component B2。
Mixing 0.7kg of amylopectin, 0.6kg of epoxy resin, 1.4kg of tar, 0.6kg of carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.4kg of yellow dextrin and the like to obtain a bonding component C2。
Mixing the above prepared homogenate A2A mushroom dreg pretreatment component B2And a binding component C2Uniformly mixing, kneading, and then putting into a flat die rolling granulator under the condition of 12MPa for granulation to obtain a formed body.
And (3) putting the formed body into a carbonization furnace at room temperature for carbonization and activation, raising the temperature from the room temperature to 500 ℃ at a temperature raising rate of 5 ℃/min under the condition of air isolation (introducing nitrogen), maintaining the temperature for 2h after raising the temperature to 500 ℃, raising the temperature to 800 ℃ at a temperature raising rate of 5 ℃/min after completing carbonization, and maintaining the temperature for 2h, thereby obtaining the VOCs columnar carbon.
Detecting the produced formed activated carbon to obtain: the aperture of the formed activated carbon is 2.6461-4.6170nm, and the specific surface area is 338m2Per g, pore volume 0.1382cm3/g。
Further, the formed activated carbon of the present example had an iodine adsorption value of 632mg/g, an abrasion resistance of 98.5%, a microporosity of 55.1%, a methane saturation adsorption rate of 6.5%, and a methane saturation desorption rate of 89%.
It should be noted that, although the technical solutions of the present invention are described by specific examples, those skilled in the art can understand that the present invention should not be limited thereto.
While embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above description is illustrative, not exhaustive, and not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen in order to best explain the principles of the embodiments, the practical application, or improvements made to the technology in the marketplace, or to enable others of ordinary skill in the art to understand the embodiments disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. An activated carbon composition, comprising: a carbon-containing matrix, antibiotic fungi residues and a bonding component; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the content of the carbon-containing matrix is 15-25%, preferably 16-19% by total mass of the activated carbon composition; the content of the antibiotic fungi residues is 48-60%, preferably 49-53%; the content of the bonding component is 25% -37%, and preferably 27% -37%.
2. The activated carbon composition according to claim 1, wherein 90% or more by mass of the carbon-containing matrix and/or antibiotic fungi residues have a particle size of 200 to 250 mesh.
3. The activated carbon composition of claim 1 or 2, wherein the antibiotic drag comprises erythromycin thiocyanate drag; the binding component comprises one or the combination of more than two of celluloses, starches, epoxy resins, phenolic resins, dextrins, asphalts and tar.
4. The activated carbon composition of claim 3, wherein the binding component comprises one or a combination of two or more of starches, epoxies, tars, celluloses, dextrins; preferably, the starch is contained in an amount of 4.5 to 7% by mass of the total mass of the activated carbon composition; the content of the epoxy resin is 3.5-6%, the content of the tar is 12-14%, the content of the cellulose is 3.5-6%, and the content of the dextrin is 1.5-4%.
5. A shaped activated carbon prepared by using the activated carbon composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the activated carbon has a porous structure.
6. The shaped activated carbon of claim 5, wherein the shaped activated carbon has at least one of the following characteristics:
the specific surface area of the formed activated carbon is 300-500m2/g；
The iodine adsorption value of the formed activated carbon is 550-700 mg/g;
the micro-porosity of the formed activated carbon is 50-70%;
the methane saturation adsorption rate of the formed activated carbon is 5-10%;
the methane saturation desorption rate of the formed activated carbon is 60-100%;
the abrasion resistance of the formed activated carbon is 95-99.6%;
the aperture of the formed active carbon is 0.1-10 nm;
the pore volume of the formed activated carbon is 0.01-1cm3/g。
7. A process for the preparation of a shaped activated carbon according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
mixing the carbon-containing matrix, the antibiotic fungi residues and the bonding components and then molding the mixture to obtain a molded body;
carbonizing the formed body to obtain a carbonized product;
and activating the carbonized product to obtain the formed activated carbon.
8. The preparation method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the carbonization comprises carbonization at a temperature rise rate of 3-5 ℃/min to 400-600 ℃, and the retention time of the carbonization is 0.5-2 h.
9. The method as claimed in claim 7 or 8, wherein the activating step comprises heating to 700-900 ℃ at a heating rate of 3-5 ℃/min, and the activating step has a residence time of 0.5-2 h.
10. An adsorbent comprising the shaped activated carbon according to claim 5 or 6 or the shaped activated carbon produced by the production method according to any one of claims 7 to 9.
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