CN114514682A - Method and device for controlling input signal of DC converter and storage medium - Google Patents

Method and device for controlling input signal of DC converter and storage medium Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114514682A
CN114514682A CN202180005208.0A CN202180005208A CN114514682A CN 114514682 A CN114514682 A CN 114514682A CN 202180005208 A CN202180005208 A CN 202180005208A CN 114514682 A CN114514682 A CN 114514682A
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Prior art keywords
output signal
error
converter
direct current
duty ratio
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CN202180005208.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
梁春
刘鹏飞
吴壬华
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Shenzhen Shinry Technologies Co Ltd
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Shenzhen Shinry Technologies Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/389—Measuring internal impedance, internal conductance or related variables
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/12—Arrangements for reducing harmonics from ac input or output
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a method and a device for controlling an input signal of a direct current converter and a storage medium, which are applied to a direct current booster circuit, wherein the direct current booster circuit comprises N direct current converters, and the direct current converters are provided with interfaces respectively connected with a direct current power supply and a load, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring an output signal of a direct current converter; obtaining an error between a target output signal and the output signal, and determining a reference duty ratio according to the error; and setting the duty ratio of the input signal of the direct current converter as the reference duty ratio until the absolute value of the steady-state error of the direct current booster circuit is smaller than a reference threshold value. According to the method, the proportional controller, the integral controller and the resonance controller are connected in parallel, the error between the set target output signal and the output signal of the direct current converter is controlled, and the total harmonic distortion of the output signal is reduced.

Description

Method and device for controlling input signal of DC converter and storage medium
Technical Field
The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of electronic circuits, in particular to a method and a device for controlling an input signal of a direct current converter and a storage medium.
Background
With the widespread use of fuel cells, the measurement of the internal resistance of Proton Exchange Membranes (PEM) has become a popular research direction for fuel cells. At present, the most used internal resistance test method is an alternating current impedance method, i.e. a sinusoidal signal with fixed frequency is injected into the fuel cell, and the current and voltage of the fuel cell are analyzed to obtain the internal resistance of the proton exchange membrane.
Currently, the internal resistance of the fuel cell can be measured by obtaining a sinusoidal signal through a proportional-integral controller (PI controller), but the Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) of the sinusoidal signal obtained by the above method is large, which results in a large error of the internal resistance measured by the fuel cell.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a control method and a control device for an input signal of a direct current converter and a storage medium, wherein a proportional controller, an integral controller and a resonance controller are connected in parallel to control an error between a set target output signal and an output signal of the direct current converter, so that the total harmonic distortion of the output signal is reduced; further, the output signal is used for calculating the internal resistance of the fuel cell, and the accuracy of the internal resistance test is improved.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for controlling an input signal of a dc converter, which is applied to a dc boost circuit, where the dc boost circuit includes N dc converters, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1, the dc converters have interfaces respectively connected to a dc power supply and a load, and the method includes:
acquiring an output signal of a direct current converter, wherein the direct current converter is any one of the N direct current converters;
obtaining an error between a target output signal and the output signal, and determining a reference duty ratio according to the error;
and setting the duty ratio of the input signal of the direct current converter as the reference duty ratio until the absolute value of the steady-state error of the direct current booster circuit is smaller than a reference threshold value.
In one possible implementation, the determining the reference duty cycle according to the error includes:
and inputting the error into a proportional-integral resonance controller to obtain the reference duty ratio.
In one possible implementation manner, the inputting the error into a proportional-integral resonant controller to obtain the reference duty cycle includes:
respectively inputting the errors into a proportional controller, an integral controller and a resonance controller to obtain a first duty ratio, a second duty ratio and a third duty ratio;
the sum of the first duty ratio, the second duty ratio, and the third duty ratio is used as the reference duty ratio.
In one possible implementation, the coefficient of the resonance controller is K, and K is a number greater than or equal to 0.
In one possible implementation, the target output signal is a sinusoidal signal.
In one possible implementation, the target output signal is a superposition of M signals with different frequencies, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 2; the number of the resonance controllers is M.
In one possible implementation, before obtaining the error between the target output signal and the output signal, the method further includes:
and taking the average value of the maximum value and the minimum value of the output signal in a time period as the signal value of the output signal in the time period, wherein the time period is any one time period of the input signal.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a control device for an input signal of a dc converter, which is applied to a dc boost circuit, the dc boost circuit including N dc converters, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1, the dc converters having interfaces respectively connected to a dc power supply and a load, the control device including:
an obtaining unit, configured to obtain an output signal of a dc converter, where the dc converter is any one of the N dc converters;
a determining unit, configured to obtain an error between a target output signal and the output signal, and determine a reference duty ratio according to the error; and setting the duty ratio of the input signal of the direct current converter as the reference duty ratio until the absolute value of the steady-state error of the direct current booster circuit is smaller than a reference threshold value.
In a possible implementation manner, the determining unit is further configured to input the error into a proportional-integral resonant controller to obtain the reference duty ratio.
In a possible implementation manner, the determining unit is further configured to input the error into a proportional controller, an integral controller, and a resonant controller, respectively, to obtain a first duty ratio, a second duty ratio, and a third duty ratio; the sum of the first duty ratio, the second duty ratio, and the third duty ratio is used as the reference duty ratio.
In one possible implementation, the coefficient of the resonance controller is K, and K is a number greater than or equal to 0.
In one possible implementation, the target output signal is a sinusoidal signal.
In one possible implementation, the target output signal is a superposition of M signals with different frequencies, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 2; the number of the resonance controllers is M.
In a possible implementation manner, the determining unit is further configured to use an average value of a maximum value and a minimum value of the output signal in a time period as a signal value of the output signal in the time period, where the time period is any one time period of the input signal.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, including: a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor calls the computer program stored in the memory to execute the method according to the first aspect or any one of the possible embodiments of the first aspect.
In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program runs on one or more processors, the method in the first aspect or any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect is performed.
In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a computer program product, which includes program instructions that, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform the method as in the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect.
The embodiment of the application provides a control method and a control device for an input signal of a direct current converter and a storage medium, wherein a proportional controller, an integral controller and a resonance controller are connected in parallel to control an error between a set target output signal and an output signal of the direct current converter, so that the total harmonic distortion of the output signal is reduced; further, the output signal is used for calculating the internal resistance of the fuel cell, and the accuracy of the internal resistance test is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a topology diagram of a dc boost circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a method for controlling an input signal of a dc converter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a control block diagram of a proportional-integral resonant controller provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a control block diagram of another proportional-integral resonant controller provided in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram of a signal provided by an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a signal diagram of a sampling signal according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a topology diagram of another DC boost circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a control device for an input signal of a dc converter according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more clear, the present application will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The terms "first" and "second," and the like in the description, claims, and drawings of the present application are used solely to distinguish between different objects and not to describe a particular order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. Such as a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those steps or elements listed, but may alternatively include other steps or elements not listed, or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of the above phrases in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those skilled in the art will explicitly and implicitly appreciate that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
In this application, "at least one" means one or more, "a plurality" means two or more, "at least two" means two or three and three or more, "and/or" for describing an association relationship of associated objects, which means that there may be three relationships, for example, "a and/or B" may mean: only A, only B and both A and B are present, wherein A and B may be singular or plural. The character "/" generally indicates that the former and latter associated objects are in an "or" relationship. "at least one item(s) below" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items. For example, at least one (one) of a, b, or c, may represent: a, b, c, "a and b," a and c, "" b and c, "or" a and b and c.
In order to describe the scheme of the present application more clearly, a few relevant knowledge will be introduced first.
The direct current power supply (direct current power supply) has a positive electrode and a negative electrode, the positive electrode has a high potential, the negative electrode has a low potential, and when the two electrodes are communicated with the circuit, a constant potential difference can be maintained between the two ends of the circuit, so that a current from the positive electrode to the negative electrode is formed in the external circuit.
A fuel cell (fuel cell) is an energy conversion device that converts chemical energy stored in a fuel and an oxidant into electrical energy isothermally according to an electrochemical principle, and thus the actual process is an oxidation-reduction reaction. A fuel cell is mainly composed of four parts: an anode, a cathode, an electrolyte, and an external circuit. The fuel gas and the oxidizing gas are respectively introduced from the anode and the cathode of the fuel cell, the fuel gas releases electrons on the anode, the electrons are conducted to the cathode through an external circuit and combined with the oxidizing gas to generate ions, and the ions migrate to the anode through the electrolyte under the action of an electric field to react with the fuel gas to form a loop to generate current. The current generated by the fuel cell is direct current, and the fuel cell belongs to a direct current power supply.
A field effect transistor (JFET) is a semiconductor device that controls the current of an output loop by controlling the electric field effect of an input loop, and can be divided into a Junction Field Effect Transistor (JFET) and a Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor (MOSFET), which is also called an MOS transistor, and has various functions of detecting, rectifying, amplifying, switching, voltage stabilizing, signal modulating, and the like; according to the difference of channels, the MOS tube can be divided into an N-channel MOS tube and a P-channel MOS tube, and according to the difference of working modes, the MOS tube can be divided into a depletion type MOS tube and an enhancement type MOS tube; the MOS tube has three poles: drain (D), source (S) and gate (G).
The fuel cell has the characteristics of high conversion efficiency, environmental friendliness, simplicity and flexibility in assembly and the like, but in actual work, the fuel cell still has the problems of service life, reliability, cost and the like. The proton exchange membrane of the fuel cell directly influences the working state of a circuit, and the internal resistance measurement information of the proton exchange membrane can infer the internal state of the fuel cell. At present, the internal resistance of the fuel cell can be measured by adopting a current-breaking method and an alternating current impedance spectroscopy method, and the current-breaking method can generate larger disturbance to the fuel cell and is only suitable for a simple system; the alternating current impedance method is a method for perturbing a fuel cell by using a small-amplitude alternating current voltage or current to perform an electrochemical test, so as to obtain alternating current impedance data. The sine wave is generated by a circuit, please refer to fig. 1, and fig. 1 is a topology diagram of a dc boost circuit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The direct current booster circuit controls the inductor to store and release energy through the connection and disconnection of the switching tube, so that the output voltage is higher than the input voltage; specifically, the on and off of the switching tube is realized by pulse width modulation, the pulse width modulation is an analog control mode for controlling an analog circuit by using digital output of a microprocessor, and the bias of a base electrode of a transistor or a grid electrode of an MOS tube is modulated according to the change of corresponding load to change the on time of the transistor or the MOS tube, so that the change of the output of the switching voltage-stabilized power supply is realized, and the mode can ensure that the output voltage of the power supply keeps constant when the working condition changes.
As shown in fig. 1, the dc boost circuit is divided into three parts, i.e., a dc power supply 101, a dc converter 102 and a load 103, and the dc converter 102 is located between the dc power supply 101 and the load 103 and has interfaces connected to the dc power supply 101 and the load 103, respectively.
The dc power supply is a device for forming a constant voltage and current in the maintaining circuit, the dc power supply 101 may be a fuel cell, and when the dc power supply 101 is a fuel cell, a signal of the inductor 1021 in the dc booster circuit may be used as an output signal of the circuit.
The dc converter 102 includes an inductor 1021, a diode module 1022, a field effect transistor 1023, a capacitor 1024, and a ground 1025, wherein the diode module 1022 includes a diode and a resistor for limiting current and protecting the diode. The dc converter 102 may raise the output voltage of the dc power source 101 to an operating voltage, and may superimpose a current on the dc current as an excitation current of an impedance by an action of the input signal, and in particular, the dc converter 102 may output a sinusoidal signal by an adjustment of the input signal, the sinusoidal signal being used for analyzing the internal resistance of the dc power source 101.
An inductor is a component that converts electrical energy into magnetic energy for storage. The inductance will hinder the change of current, and in the state of no current passing, when the circuit is closed, the inductance will try to prevent the current from flowing through the inductance; in the current passing state, the circuit will try to keep the current constant when it is open. The current of inductor 1021 in fig. 1 is the output of dc converter 102.
The diode is an electronic device made of semiconductor materials (silicon, selenium, germanium and the like) and has unidirectional conductivity, namely when forward voltage is applied to the anode and the cathode of the diode, the diode is conducted; when a reverse voltage is applied to the anode and cathode of the diode, the diode is turned off. Thus, the turning on and off of the diode corresponds to the turning on and off of the switch.
The fet 1023 is an N-channel enhancement MOS transistor, and its drain D and source S are connected to a circuit, and an input signal is input from the gate G, and the input signal is not only the input signal of the fet 1023 but also the input signal of the dc converter 102, and the input signal can adjust the current signal in the inductor 1021.
The boosting principle of the direct current booster circuit is as follows: when the field effect transistor 1023 is conducted, the drain D and the source S are directly connected by a wire to form a short circuit, the direct current power supply 101 charges the inductor 1021 through a circuit, and the inductor 1021 stores energy; when the fet 1023 is not conducting, the circuit is off, and the inductor does not suddenly change due to the back emf, but discharges slowly and gradually. Since the original electrical circuit is disconnected, the inductor can only discharge through the diode module 1022 and the load 103, that is, the inductor 1021 charges the capacitor 1024, and since the circuit supplies voltage to the capacitor 1024 before charging, the voltage across the capacitor 1024 rises.
In the dc converter 102, the input signal adjusts the output signal of the inductor 1021, and the internal resistance of the dc power supply 101 can be calculated from the output signal. The embodiment of the application provides a control method of an input signal of a direct current converter, and the total harmonic distortion of an output signal of the direct current converter is reduced by improving the control method of the input signal of the direct current converter.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a method for controlling an input signal of a dc converter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, applied to a dc boost circuit (specifically, refer to fig. 1), where the dc boost circuit includes a dc converter having interfaces respectively connected to a dc power source and a load, and as shown in fig. 2, the method includes:
step 201: and acquiring an output signal of the direct current converter.
The electronic device acquires an output signal of the dc converter. The electronic device may be a microprocessor or a computer for executing program codes, and the application is not limited in any way; according to the description of the dc boost circuit, the duty ratio of the input signal of the dc converter is used to adjust the current signal on the inductor, so that the output signal of the dc converter is the current signal on the inductor; meanwhile, the output signal is an output signal actually output by a direct current converter in the direct current booster circuit.
Step 202: an error between a target output signal and the output signal is obtained, and a reference duty cycle is determined according to the error.
The target output signal is an output signal required to be output by the direct current converter according to design requirements. For example, the output signal to be obtained is a sinusoidal signal with a period of 1 second and an amplitude of 2 amperes by adjusting the input signal of the dc converter, and the sinusoidal signal with a period of 1 second and an amplitude of 2 amperes is the output signal to be obtained by the dc converter, that is, the target output signal.
The target output signal is obtained by setting parameters of the signal. For example, the target output signal is set to be a square wave signal, the period of the square wave signal is 2 seconds, the amplitude is 1 ampere, and the duty ratio is 50%, so that the target output signal can be obtained.
In particular, the target output signal is set to be a sinusoidal signal, and the sinusoidal signal has a more regular waveform compared with other types of signals, so that the calculation process of the internal resistance of the power supply can be simplified.
As can be understood from the foregoing description, after a signal is input from the dc converter (see fig. 1, input from the gate G of the fet 1023), an output signal is obtained (see fig. 1, the current on the inductor 1021 is the output signal); however, there is a difference between the actual output signal of the dc converter and the set target output signal, that is, when a signal is input from the dc converter, there is a difference between the obtained output signal and the target output signal; and obtaining an error between the target output signal and the output signal by subtracting the target output signal and the output signal, wherein the error is a numerical value and can be a positive number or a negative number.
And determining a reference duty cycle according to the error, specifically, inputting the error into a proportional-integral resonant controller to obtain the reference duty cycle, wherein the resonant controller is used for enhancing the gain at the excitation frequency, and the single resonant controller is a narrow-band-pass filter in principle, and the gain of the controller is improved by amplifying the error at the central frequency. Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a control block diagram of a proportional-integral resonant controller according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 3, a control object is the dc boost circuit shown in fig. 1, a current of an inductor 1021 in the dc boost circuit is an output signal in fig. 3, a type of the output signal is the same as a type of a set target output signal, and if the set target output signal is a triangular wave signal, the output signal of the control object is also a triangular wave signal; taking the output signal as a feedback signal and making a difference with a target output signal to obtain an error between the two signals; inputting the error into a proportional controller to obtain a first duty ratio, inputting the error into an integral controller to obtain a second duty ratio, inputting the error into a resonant controller to obtain a third duty ratio, and taking the sum of the first duty ratio, the second duty ratio and the third duty ratio as the reference duty ratio. For example, if the error is input to the proportional controller to obtain a first duty ratio of 1%, the error is input to the integral controller to obtain a second duty ratio of 2%, and the error is input to the resonant controller to obtain a third duty ratio of 3%, the reference duty ratio is 6% of the sum of the 3 duty ratios.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the coefficient of the resonance controller is K, and K is a number greater than or equal to 0. K is equivalent to an amplifier and changes the action strength of the resonance controller. When the operation is stable, namely when excitation is not needed to be generated, K is set to be 0, so that the proportional-integral resonance controller becomes a pure proportional-integral controller, and the stability is good; when excitation needs to be generated, the size of the K is adjusted through a loop feedback error, the larger the error is, the larger the K is, the better the control effect is, and therefore the non-static tracking of the output excitation on the set signal is achieved.
Step 203: and setting the duty ratio of the input signal of the direct current converter as the reference duty ratio until the absolute value of the steady-state error of the direct current booster circuit is smaller than the reference threshold value.
After the reference duty ratio is obtained, the duty ratio of the input signal of the dc converter is set to the reference duty ratio, that is, in fig. 3, the reference duty ratio is set to the duty ratio of the input signal to be controlled, as described above for the dc boost circuit, the duty ratio of the input signal of the dc converter adjusts the output signal of the dc converter, and the error between the output signal and the target output signal changes with the operation of the dc boost circuit and the change of the duty ratio of the input signal; when the direct current booster circuit works stably and has no external disturbance, the error between the target output signal and the output signal is called a steady-state error, and under the condition that the absolute value of the steady-state error of the direct current booster circuit is smaller than a reference threshold value, the output signal is used for calculating the internal resistance of the direct current power supply, so that the accuracy of the internal resistance test is improved; the reference threshold may be determined according to actual conditions, and when the output signal is used to calculate the internal resistance of the dc power supply, the smaller the total harmonic distortion of the output signal is, the better the total harmonic distortion is, and the application is not limited at all.
Summarizing the control method of the input signal of the dc converter corresponding to fig. 2, it can be known that the error between the set target output signal and the output signal of the dc converter is controlled by connecting the proportional controller, the integral controller and the resonance controller in parallel, so as to reduce the total harmonic distortion of the output signal; and, increase the amplifier for the resonance controller to the flexible control circuit in the action intensity of resonance controller, improve the efficiency of controlling the error between output signal and the target output signal.
In the method for controlling the input signal of the dc converter corresponding to fig. 2, the target output signal is set to be a sinusoidal signal of a single frequency, the dc boost circuit includes a single-channel dc converter, and the method for controlling the input signal of the dc converter under the condition of superimposing a plurality of different frequencies and multiplexing the dc converters will be described below.
First, a method for controlling an input signal of a dc converter under a condition of overlapping a plurality of different frequencies is introduced, please refer to fig. 4, where fig. 4 is a control block diagram of another proportional-integral resonant controller provided in an embodiment of the present application; as shown in fig. 4, the controller part is composed of a proportional controller, an integral controller and M resonant controllers connected in parallel, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 2; in the above situation, the target output signal is formed by superimposing M signals with different frequencies, that is, the target output signal corresponds to M resonance points, each of the M resonance controllers increases the gain of one resonance point, and finally increases the gain of each resonance point in the target output signal, thereby reducing the total harmonic distortion of the output signal; similarly, each of the M resonant controllers corresponds to an amplifier, that is, the coefficient of each resonant controller is K, where K is a number greater than or equal to 0, as shown in fig. 4, the amplifier of the 1 st resonant controller is K1, the amplifier of the 2 nd resonant controller is K2, and then the amplifier of the M th resonant controller is KM, and the amplifier is used to adjust the action strength of each resonant controller, so as to improve the efficiency of reducing the error between the output signal and the target output signal. Taking the example that the set target output signal is the superposition of 2 sinusoidal signals, the method is applied to a dc boost circuit (specifically, refer to fig. 1), where the dc boost circuit includes a dc converter having interfaces respectively connected to a dc power supply and a load.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a waveform diagram of a signal provided by an embodiment of the present application, where the signal in fig. 5 is a superposition of a sinusoidal signal with a frequency of 25Hz and an amplitude of 25 amperes and a sinusoidal signal with a frequency of 30Hz and an amplitude of 30 amperes (a), and a specific control method of an input signal of a dc converter is as follows:
first, the target output signal is set to the signal shown in fig. 5, that is, the target output signal is set to be a superposition of a sinusoidal signal having a frequency of 25Hz and an amplitude of 25A and a sinusoidal signal having a frequency of 30Hz and an amplitude of 30A. In the above case, the resonance points controlled by the controller are 25Hz and 30Hz, and the number of the resonance controllers in the controller is 2, so that the first resonance controller is set to control the frequency of 25Hz, and the second resonance controller is set to control the frequency of 30 Hz.
Then, acquiring an output signal of the direct current converter, inputting an error between the output signal and the target output signal into a proportional-integral resonance controller, and outputting a duty ratio; and setting the duty ratio as the duty ratio of the input signal of the direct current converter. As can be understood from the foregoing description, the input signal of the dc converter may control the output signal, and further, an error between the output signal of the dc converter and the target output signal may also change each time the duty ratio of the input signal of the dc converter changes, and when the dc boost circuit reaches a steady state, the error between the output signal of the dc converter and the target output signal is called a steady-state error, until the absolute value of the steady-state error of the dc boost circuit is smaller than a reference threshold, the output signal is used for measuring the internal resistance of the dc power supply. The 2 controllers respectively control sinusoidal signals with resonance points of 25Hz and 30Hz, and amplify errors at the resonance points to improve the gain of the controllers, so that the total harmonic distortion of output signals is reduced; because the output signal is determined by the type of the set target output signal, the output signal is the superposition of two sinusoidal signals with different frequencies, when the internal resistance of the power supply is calculated, the output signal is subjected to fast Fourier transform, the frequency superposed in the output signal can be obtained through frequency domain analysis, so that the 2 signals are separated, and then the 2 separated signals are respectively used for internal resistance calculation and then averaged, so that the accuracy of the internal resistance test of the power supply can be improved; the reference threshold value can be determined according to actual conditions, the smaller the steady-state error is, the more accurate the power supply internal resistance measurement is, and the application is not limited at all.
In particular, since the input signal is a periodic signal composed of a set of high and low levels, and the input signal controls the output signal of the circuit, the input signal may also be referred to as a switching signal, and the time period of the input signal may also be referred to as a switching period; when the switching signal is at a high level, the direct-current power supply charges the inductor, so that the output current on the inductor is increased; when the switching signal is low, the inductor discharges the load and the output current on the inductor decreases. Therefore, the current on the inductor fluctuates above and below the effective value of the output current, i.e., the effective set value, forming a triangular wave. Before an error is obtained by subtracting the output signal of the control target from the target output signal as a feedback signal, a maximum value and a minimum value of an actual output signal are sampled in one switching period, and an average value of the maximum value and the minimum value is used as a signal value of the output signal in the switching period. Specifically, please refer to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a signal diagram of a sampling signal according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and as shown in fig. 6, a signal actually output by a control object is referred to as a first output signal, the first output signal is adjusted by an input signal, and when the input signal is at a high level, the first output signal tends to increase linearly; when the input signal is at low level, the first output signal is in a linear decreasing trend, so that a triangular wave is formed; during sampling, sampling a maximum value M and a minimum value M of the first output signal in a switching period, and taking an average value A of the maximum value M and the minimum value M as a signal value of the first output signal in the switching period to obtain a second output signal; and finally, taking the second output signal as a feedback signal and carrying out difference on the feedback signal and the target output signal to obtain an error. By the above processing, the accuracy of the output signal can be improved, and when the set target output signal is a sinusoidal signal, the probability of signal deviation can be reduced by the above sampling processing.
Next, a method for controlling input signals of a dc converter under multiple dc converters is described, please refer to fig. 7, and fig. 7 is a topology diagram of another dc boost circuit according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 7, the dc boost circuit is divided into three parts, namely, a dc power supply, a dc converter and a load; when the number of the dc converters is N, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and when N is 1, the circuit in fig. 7 is the same as the circuit in fig. 1, and the related control method is the same as the above, which is not described herein again, but is explained for 2 or more dc converters, as shown in fig. 7, the N dc converters are connected in parallel, and a specific control method of the input signal of the dc converter is as follows:
n target output signals are set for the N dc converters. For example, there are 3 dc converters, and the target output signals are set to sinusoidal signals having a frequency of 2Hz and an amplitude of 15A, a frequency of 3Hz and an amplitude of 18A, a frequency of 5Hz, and an amplitude of 20A, respectively. It is to be understood that the signals set forth above may be the same signal or different signals, and the present application is not limited in any way.
Respectively acquiring output signals of the N direct current converters, wherein the N direct current converters respectively correspond to a proportional-integral resonant controller, and each direct current converter inputs an error between the output signal and the target output signal into the proportional-integral resonant controller to output a duty ratio; and setting the duty ratio as the duty ratio of the input signal of the direct current converter until the absolute value of the steady-state error of the direct current booster circuit is smaller than a reference threshold value. It is understood that, for each of the N dc converters connected in parallel, the control method is the same as that in fig. 2, and is not described here again.
According to the method for respectively controlling the input signals of the N parallel direct current converters, on one hand, when the internal resistance of the power supply is calculated, each path of direct current converter can obtain a group of results, and the accuracy of internal resistance measurement can be improved by averaging the N groups of results; on the other hand, the MOS tube in the direct current converter has a current threshold value, when the current of the set signal is larger than the current threshold value of the MOS tube in the direct current converter, the set current is divided by the N direct current circuits, output currents are obtained respectively and then are superposed, and the problem that the current of the set signal is larger than the current threshold value of the MOS tube in the direct current converter can be solved.
In summary, in the method for controlling the input signal of the dc converter according to the embodiment of the present application, the proportional controller, the integral controller, and the resonance controller are connected in parallel to control the error between the set target output signal and the output signal of the dc converter, so as to reduce the total harmonic distortion of the output signal.
In the proportional integral resonance controller, a plurality of resonance controllers are connected in parallel, output signals with a plurality of superposed frequencies can be generated simultaneously, when the internal resistance of the direct-current power supply is calculated, signals of all frequencies are separated through fast Fourier transform, the internal resistance is calculated respectively and then averaged, and the accuracy of internal resistance calculation is improved; in the direct current booster circuit, a plurality of groups of output signals are obtained simultaneously through the parallel connection of the plurality of direct current converters, the internal resistance of the direct current power supply is calculated according to each group of output signals, then the average is taken, and the accuracy of the internal resistance calculation is improved.
In addition, by improving the sampling method, the average value of the maximum value and the minimum value of the output signal in the time period is used as the signal value of the output signal in the time period, thereby improving the precision of the output signal. By adding the amplifier to the resonance controller, the action strength of the resonance controller in the circuit is flexibly controlled, and the efficiency of controlling the error between the output signal and the target output signal is improved.
The method of the embodiments of the present application is explained in detail above, and the apparatus of the embodiments of the present application is provided below.
Referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a control apparatus for an input signal of a dc converter according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, where the control apparatus 80 for an input signal of a dc converter is applied to a dc boost circuit, the dc boost circuit includes N dc converters, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1, the dc converter has interfaces respectively connected to a dc power source and a load (specifically, refer to fig. 7), and the control apparatus 80 for an input signal of a dc converter includes an obtaining unit 801 and a determining unit 802, where each unit is described as follows:
an obtaining unit 801 configured to obtain an output signal of a dc converter, where the dc converter is any one of the N dc converters;
a determining unit 802, configured to obtain an error between a target output signal and the output signal, and determine a reference duty ratio according to the error; and setting the duty ratio of the input signal of the direct current converter as the reference duty ratio until the absolute value of the steady-state error of the direct current booster circuit is smaller than a reference threshold value.
Optionally, the determining unit 802 is further configured to input the error into a proportional-integral resonant controller to obtain the reference duty ratio.
Optionally, the determining unit 802 is further configured to input the error into a proportional controller, an integral controller, and a resonant controller, respectively, to obtain a first duty cycle, a second duty cycle, and a third duty cycle; the sum of the first duty ratio, the second duty ratio, and the third duty ratio is used as the reference duty ratio.
Optionally, the coefficient of the resonance controller is K, and K is a number greater than or equal to 0.
Optionally, the target output signal is a sinusoidal signal.
Optionally, the target output signal is a superposition of M signals with different frequencies, where M is an integer greater than or equal to 2; the number of the resonance controllers is M.
Optionally, the determining unit 802 is further configured to use an average value of a maximum value and a minimum value of the output signal in a time period as a signal value of the output signal in the time period, where the time period is any time period of the input signal.
Referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, where the electronic device 90 is applied to a dc boost circuit, the dc boost circuit includes N dc converters, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and the dc converters have interfaces respectively connected to a dc power source and a load (see fig. 7).
The electronic device 90 includes a memory 901 and a processor 902. Further optionally, a communication interface 903 and a bus 904 may be further included, where the memory 901, the processor 902 and the communication interface 903 are communicatively connected to each other through the bus 904. The communication interface 903 exchanges data with the control device 80 for the input signal of the dc converter.
The memory 901 is used to provide a storage space, and data such as an operating system and a computer program may be stored in the storage space. The memory 901 includes, but is not limited to, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), or a portable read-only memory (CD-ROM).
The processor 902 is a module for performing arithmetic operations and logical operations, and may be one or a combination of plural kinds of processing modules such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), a microprocessor unit (MPU), or the like.
The memory 901 stores a computer program, and the processor 902 calls the computer program stored in the memory 901 to perform the following operations:
acquiring an output signal of a direct current converter, wherein the direct current converter is any one of the N direct current converters;
obtaining an error between a target output signal and the output signal, and determining a reference duty ratio according to the error;
and setting the duty ratio of the input signal of the direct current converter as the reference duty ratio until the absolute value of the steady-state error of the direct current booster circuit is smaller than a reference threshold value.
It should be noted that, the electronic device 90 may also be implemented as described with reference to the method embodiments shown in fig. 3 to fig. 7.
Embodiments of the present application further provide a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program is stored, and when the computer program runs on one or more processors, the method shown in fig. 3 to 7 may be implemented.
In summary, in the control product of the input signal of the dc converter provided in the embodiment of the present application, the proportional controller, the integral controller, and the resonant controller are connected in parallel to control the error between the set target output signal and the output signal of the dc converter, so as to reduce the total harmonic distortion of the output signal.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of the processes in the methods of the embodiments described above can be implemented by hardware associated with a computer program, the computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the computer program can include the processes of the method embodiments described above when executed. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store computer program code, such as a read-only memory ROM or a random access memory RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

Claims (10)

1. A control method of an input signal of a DC converter is applied to a DC boost circuit, the DC boost circuit comprises N DC converters, N is an integer greater than or equal to 1, the DC converters are provided with interfaces respectively connected with a DC power supply and a load, and the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring an output signal of a direct current converter, wherein the direct current converter is any one of the N direct current converters;
obtaining an error between a target output signal and the output signal, and determining a reference duty cycle according to the error;
setting a duty ratio of an input signal of the DC converter to the reference duty ratio until an absolute value of a steady-state error of the DC boost circuit is less than a reference threshold.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the determining a reference duty cycle as a function of the error comprises:
and inputting the error into a proportional-integral resonance controller to obtain the reference duty ratio.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein inputting the error to a proportional-integral resonant controller to obtain the reference duty cycle comprises:
inputting the error into a proportional controller, an integral controller and a resonance controller respectively to obtain a first duty ratio, a second duty ratio and a third duty ratio;
taking a sum of the first duty cycle, the second duty cycle, and the third duty cycle as the reference duty cycle.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the resonant controller has a coefficient of K, the K being a number greater than or equal to 0.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the target output signal is a superposition of M signals of different frequencies, M being an integer greater than or equal to 2; the number of the resonance controllers is M.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein prior to obtaining the error between the target output signal and the output signal, the method further comprises:
and taking the average value of the maximum value and the minimum value of the output signal in a time period as the signal value of the output signal in the time period, wherein the time period is any one time period of the input signal.
7. A control apparatus for an input signal of a dc converter, applied to a dc boost circuit including N dc converters, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 1, the dc converters having interfaces respectively connected to a dc power supply and a load, the apparatus comprising:
an obtaining unit, configured to obtain an output signal of a dc converter, where the dc converter is any one of the N dc converters;
a determining unit for obtaining an error between a target output signal and the output signal, and determining a reference duty cycle according to the error; setting a duty ratio of an input signal of the DC converter to the reference duty ratio until an absolute value of a steady-state error of the DC boost circuit is less than a reference threshold.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the determining unit is further configured to input the error to a proportional-integral resonant controller to obtain the reference duty cycle.
9. An electronic device, comprising: a processor and a memory, wherein the memory has stored therein a computer program, the processor calling the computer program stored in the memory for performing the method according to any one of claims 1-6.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored which, when run on one or more processors, performs the method of any one of claims 1-6.
CN202180005208.0A 2021-05-24 2021-05-24 Method and device for controlling input signal of DC converter and storage medium Pending CN114514682A (en)

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