CN114509649A - Method and system for diagnosing turn-to-turn insulation defects of coil equipment - Google Patents
Method and system for diagnosing turn-to-turn insulation defects of coil equipment Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a diagnosis method and a system for turn-to-turn insulation defects of coil equipment, wherein the method comprises the following steps: step 1, collecting a primary side voltage signal and a secondary side voltage signal of coil equipment, and power frequency current signals and high-frequency partial discharge signals of all windings by using a high-precision sensor; step 2, conditioning the sensor signals, and converting the signals of the voltage sensor and the current sensor into an input voltage range of the data acquisition module; step 3, simultaneously acquiring conditioned sensor signals of each channel through different channels; and 4, acquiring the conditioned signals, calculating the vector sum of the exciting currents, and diagnosing turn-to-turn insulation faults of the coil equipment by taking the phase difference change of the exciting currents as a difference coefficient and taking the difference coefficient as a criterion. The method can accurately, efficiently and conveniently diagnose the turn-to-turn insulation defect of the winding, has the characteristics of less short circuit turns and more sensitive diagnosis and discrimination, and can timely find, diagnose and take measures at the early stage of the turn-to-turn fault.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric power, in particular to a method and a system for diagnosing turn-to-turn insulation defects of coil equipment.
Background
In recent years, transformers and mutual inductors frequently appear in domestic power enterprises frequently, turn-to-turn short circuits frequently occur in the process of operation, and power failure faults are caused. Most of the existing test means aim at ground insulation of transformers and mutual inductors, examination on turn-to-turn insulation is few, and early faults cannot be effectively found in preventive tests. The conventional detection method for the turn-to-turn short circuit and the longitudinal insulation defects of the transformer and the mutual inductor comprises the steps of measuring direct current resistance, no-load current, induced withstand voltage and partial discharge. However, the above method is difficult to completely determine the turn-to-turn short circuit, and for transformers and transformers with less severe turn-to-turn short circuits, problems are difficult to find in direct resistance, transformation ratio and no-load current inspection, and potential faults between turns are difficult to find in voltage resistance inspection because the voltage evenly distributed between turns is small. In the process of carrying out a handover test or a routine test for each power enterprise, the problems of excessive idle current, excessive partial discharge and turn-to-turn short circuit of a plurality of pieces of equipment are found, so that faults occur frequently, and the safe and stable operation of a power grid is directly influenced. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a novel method for detecting turn-to-turn faults.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a system for diagnosing turn-to-turn insulation defects of coil equipment.
The invention provides a diagnosis method for turn-to-turn insulation defects of coil equipment, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, collecting a primary side voltage signal and a secondary side voltage signal of coil equipment, and power frequency current signals and high-frequency partial discharge signals of all windings by using a high-precision sensor;
step 3, simultaneously acquiring conditioned sensor signals of each channel through different channels;
and 4, acquiring the conditioned signals, calculating the vector sum of the exciting currents, and diagnosing turn-to-turn insulation faults of the coil equipment by taking the phase difference change of the exciting currents as a difference coefficient and taking the difference coefficient as a criterion.
Further, the step 1 comprises:
and synchronously acquiring and processing a primary side voltage signal, a secondary side voltage signal and a current signal of each winding of the coil equipment.
Further, the step 4 comprises:
1) synchronously collecting voltage and current signals of all windings;
2) converting the current signals of each winding according to a voltage ratio, and synthesizing the vector sum of all the current signals into excitation current;
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,kfor the actual number of turns of each winding, IkFor the current of each winding,mis an excitation current;
3) calculating the magnitude of the exciting current by using a vector synthesis algorithmmPhase of
4) Calculating the magnitude and phase of the reference voltage
5) Calculating the phase angle difference between the exciting current vector and the reference voltage vector
6) Comparing the change of the excitation current with a delivery value, a handover value and historical data, and judging that a multi-turn short circuit occurs if the change of the excitation current exceeds a set range;
7) if the variation of the exciting current does not exceed the set range, comparing the phase angle difference between the exciting current vector and the reference voltage vector
If the phase angle difference between the excitation current vector and the reference voltage vector
If the variation exceeds the set range, it is determined that a small number of turn-to-turn short circuit faults occur.
Further, the step 4 further includes:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining a high-frequency partial discharge signal of primary current synchronously acquired by a high-frequency current sensor, filtering and Fourier transforming the high-frequency partial discharge signal, and comparing the high-frequency partial discharge signal with a time domain range in which an excitation current phase changes in the same time domain to serve as an auxiliary identification judgment standard of an excitation current phase method.
The invention also provides a diagnosis system for turn-to-turn insulation defects of coil equipment, which comprises a sensor unit, a data conditioning module, a data acquisition module and a data analysis processing module;
the sensor unit is used for collecting a primary side voltage signal and a secondary side voltage signal of coil equipment, and power frequency current signals and high-frequency partial discharge signals of all windings through a high-precision current sensor, a voltage sensor and a high-frequency current sensor;
the data conditioning module is used for conditioning the sensor signals and converting the signals of the voltage sensor and the current sensor into an input voltage range of the data acquisition module;
the data acquisition module is used for simultaneously acquiring conditioned sensor signals through different channels;
the data analysis processing module is used for acquiring the conditioned signals, calculating the vector sum of the exciting currents, taking the phase difference change of the exciting currents as a difference coefficient and taking the difference coefficient as a criterion, and diagnosing turn-to-turn insulation faults of coil equipment.
Further, the data analysis processing module is specifically configured to:
1) synchronously collecting voltage and current signals of all windings;
2) converting the current signals of each winding according to a voltage ratio, and synthesizing the vector sum of all the current signals into excitation current;
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,kfor the actual number of turns of each winding, IkFor the current of each winding,mis an excitation current;
3) calculating the magnitude of the exciting current by using a vector synthesis algorithmmPhase of
4) Calculating the magnitude and phase of the reference voltage
5) Calculating the phase angle difference between the exciting current vector and the reference voltage vector
6) Comparing the change of the excitation current with a delivery value, a handover value and historical data, and judging that a multi-turn short circuit occurs if the change of the excitation current exceeds a set range;
7) if the variation of the exciting current does not exceed the set range, comparing the phase angle difference between the exciting current vector and the reference voltage vector
If the phase angle difference between the excitation current vector and the reference voltage vector
If the variation exceeds the set range, it is determined that a small number of turn-to-turn short circuit faults occur.
Further, the data analysis processing module is further configured to:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining a high-frequency partial discharge signal of primary current synchronously acquired by a high-frequency current sensor, filtering and Fourier transforming the high-frequency partial discharge signal, and comparing the high-frequency partial discharge signal with a time domain range in which an excitation current phase changes in the same time domain to serve as an auxiliary identification judgment standard of an excitation current phase method.
According to the scheme, through the method and the system for diagnosing the turn-to-turn insulation defects of the coil equipment, the voltage and the current of the equipment are taken, the vector sum of the exciting currents is calculated, and the turn-to-turn insulation faults of the coil equipment are diagnosed by taking the phase difference change of the exciting currents as the difference coefficient as the criterion. The method can realize fault diagnosis of turn-to-turn defects of the single-phase transformer and the mutual inductor without comparing and calculating electric quantity parameters such as three-phase voltage, current and the like. The phase difference after vector operation has higher sensitivity to turn-to-turn insulation defects with fewer turns, and can accurately represent the degree of influence of faults or fault hidden dangers according to the amplitude of phase change, comprehensively represent the insulation condition of the transformer or the mutual inductor, and further analyze and diagnose the faults of coil equipment. The method can accurately, efficiently and conveniently diagnose the turn-to-turn insulation defect of the winding, has the characteristics of less short circuit turns and more sensitive diagnosis and discrimination, and can timely find and diagnose and take measures at the early stage of turn-to-turn faults.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical solutions of the present invention more clearly understood and to implement them in accordance with the contents of the description, the following detailed description is given with reference to the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of an embodiment of a method for diagnosing turn-to-turn insulation defects of a coil-type device according to the present invention
FIG. 2 is a first schematic diagram of the present invention based on the excitation current phase difference method;
FIG. 3 is a second schematic diagram of the present invention based on the excitation current phase difference method.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a method for diagnosing turn-to-turn insulation defects of coil equipment, including the following steps:
step 1, collecting a primary side voltage signal and a secondary side voltage signal of coil equipment, and power frequency current signals and high-frequency partial discharge signals of all windings by using a high-precision sensor;
step 3, simultaneously acquiring conditioned sensor signals of each channel through different channels;
and 4, acquiring the conditioned signals, calculating the vector sum of the exciting currents, and diagnosing turn-to-turn insulation faults of the coil equipment by taking the phase difference change of the exciting currents as a difference coefficient and taking the difference coefficient as a criterion.
The method further converts current signals of each winding according to a voltage ratio based on current signals of each path of data acquisition module, synthesizes vector sum of all the current signals into excitation current, and calculates the magnitude and phase phi 0 of the excitation current;
calculating the magnitude and phase phi 2 of the power frequency output voltage;
referring to fig. 2 and 3, the technical principle is as follows:
when the turn-to-turn fault occurs at the primary side of the coil equipment, the short circuit is assumed to be in a certain part of the middle of the winding, and the number of short circuit turns is set to be N12When the winding is divided into 3 partsN11+N13To indicate the number of remaining winding turns, then there is N11+N13＝N1-N12Number of turns N for short-circuit winding12This part, which is itself still a closed coil, is equivalent to creating a new "transformer" winding, still functioning as a transformer. Therefore, the turn-to-turn short circuit can be regarded as that the equivalent circuit structure is changed into a three-winding transformer from a double winding, and the corresponding equivalent circuit is shown in fig. 2. In fig. 2: r is11+r13、111+l13Respectively the resistance and leakage inductance of the primary side winding after short circuit, r12，l12Respectively the resistance and leakage inductance of the short-circuited winding. r isdIs arc resistance, the value is small, N2The windings operate approximately short-circuited.
As shown in fig. 3, when a turn-to-turn short occurs, a small resistive load (contact point resistance) is applied between turns. The load is set to a variable resistance. When no fault occurs, the two parts of the turn short and the normal winding are excited simultaneously, and 1/(N-k) turn is used as a new 'fault winding' after the fault occurs.
When an inter-turn fault occurs, the magnetic potential balance of the original winding in the equipment is broken, and fault current generated in a new 'fault winding' influences the winding, the primary winding and the rest windings. If the number of fault turns is small (1 turn or 2 turns), the voltage and current changes of each winding are not obvious, but if the electric quantity change of the fault winding is reduced to the exciting current, the exciting current can reflect obvious changes, particularly the phase change of the exciting current, the change rate and the change amplitude can be reduced along with the increment of the number of fault turns, and the phase change reaction is especially obvious when the number of short-circuit turns is small.
Furthermore, a data analysis processing module is utilized to calculate the phase angle difference delta phi between the excitation current vector and the reference voltage vector,
judging the variation of the exciting current compared with a normal value, and if the variation exceeds a set range, judging that a multi-turn short circuit fault occurs; if the variation does not exceed the set range, comparing the variation of the phase angle difference delta phi with the normal value, and if the variation exceeds the set range, judging that a small quantity of turn-to-turn short circuit faults occur.
In this embodiment, the step 1 includes:
and synchronously acquiring and processing a primary side voltage signal, a secondary side voltage signal and a current signal of each winding of the coil equipment.
Specifically, the step 4 includes:
1) synchronously collecting voltage and current signals of all windings, wherein the sampling time is 25 ms;
2) converting the current signals of each winding according to a voltage ratio, and synthesizing the vector sum of all the current signals into excitation current;
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,kfor the actual number of turns of each winding, IkFor the current of each winding,mis an excitation current;
3) calculating the magnitude of the exciting current by using a vector synthesis algorithmmPhase of
4) Calculating the magnitude and phase of the reference voltage
5) Calculating the phase angle difference between the exciting current vector and the reference voltage vector
6) Comparing the change of the excitation current with a delivery value, a handover value and historical data, and if the change of the excitation current exceeds a set range (the change is large), judging that multi-turn short circuit occurs;
7) if the change amount of the exciting current does not exceed the set range (change is small), the ratioComparing the phase angle difference between the exciting current vector and the reference voltage vector
If the phase angle difference between the excitation current vector and the reference voltage vector
If the variation amount of (2) exceeds a predetermined range (if a large variation occurs), it is determined that a small number of turn-to-turn short-circuit failures (abnormalities) have occurred.
Further, the time domain analysis is carried out on the collected high-frequency partial discharge signal and the excitation current, and the time domain analysis is used as an auxiliary criterion of a phase difference method, and comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of obtaining a high-frequency partial discharge signal of primary current synchronously acquired by a high-frequency current sensor, filtering and Fourier transforming the high-frequency partial discharge signal, and comparing the high-frequency partial discharge signal with a time domain range in which an excitation current phase changes in the same time domain to serve as an auxiliary identification judgment standard of an excitation current phase method.
The method utilizes the voltage and current of the transformer or the mutual inductor to construct diagnosis criteria to analyze and diagnose the fault (insulation defect) of the voltage mutual inductor at the outlet of the generator. And calculating and analyzing the development degree of the inter-turn insulation defects according to the variation amplitude of the exciting current of the coil equipment, and analyzing and diagnosing the inter-turn insulation faults (including fault hidden dangers) of the transformer according to the average value of the phase difference coefficients. The turn-to-turn insulation fault can be reflected only by using the winding voltage and current data of the equipment to carry out synthesis calculation, the phase difference after vector operation has higher sensitivity to the turn-to-turn insulation defect with fewer turns, the influence degree of the fault or fault hidden danger can be accurately represented according to the amplitude of the phase change, the insulation condition of the transformer or the mutual inductor can be comprehensively represented, and the fault of the coil equipment can be analyzed and diagnosed.
The embodiment also provides a diagnosis system for turn-to-turn insulation defects of coil equipment, which comprises a sensor unit, a data conditioning module, a data acquisition module and a data analysis processing module; and the sensor unit is used for collecting a primary side voltage signal and a secondary side voltage signal of coil equipment, and power frequency current signals and high-frequency partial discharge signals of all windings through the high-precision current sensor, the voltage sensor and the high-frequency current sensor. Two sets of current and voltage sensors are needed for measuring the power frequency current flowing through each winding and the reference voltage of each winding respectively, and for measuring the high frequency current flowing through the primary winding.
The data conditioning module is used for conditioning the sensor signals and converting the signals of the voltage sensor and the current sensor into an input voltage range of the data acquisition module; the error of signal analysis and processing can be reduced by converting the signals of various sensors into a reasonable input voltage range of the data acquisition module.
The data acquisition module is used for simultaneously acquiring the conditioned sensor signals through different channels.
The data analysis processing module is used for acquiring the conditioned signals, calculating the vector sum of the exciting currents, taking the phase difference change of the exciting currents as a difference coefficient and taking the difference coefficient as a criterion, and diagnosing turn-to-turn insulation faults of coil equipment.
Specifically, the data analysis processing module is configured to:
1) synchronously collecting voltage and current signals of all windings;
2) converting the current signals of each winding according to a voltage ratio, and synthesizing the vector sum of all the current signals into excitation current;
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,kfor the actual number of turns of each winding, IkFor the current of each winding,mis an excitation current;
3) calculating the magnitude of the exciting current by using a vector synthesis algorithmmPhase of
4) Calculating the magnitude and phase of the reference voltage
5) Calculating the phase angle difference between the exciting current vector and the reference voltage vector
6) Comparing the change of the excitation current with a delivery value, a handover value and historical data, and judging that a multi-turn short circuit occurs if the change of the excitation current exceeds a set range;
7) if the variation of the exciting current does not exceed the set range, comparing the phase angle difference between the exciting current vector and the reference voltage vector
If the phase angle difference between the excitation current vector and the reference voltage vector
If the variation exceeds the set range, it is determined that a small number of turn-to-turn short circuit faults occur.
Further, the data analysis processing module is further configured to:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining a high-frequency partial discharge signal of primary current synchronously acquired by a high-frequency current sensor, filtering and Fourier transforming the high-frequency partial discharge signal, and comparing the high-frequency partial discharge signal with a time domain range in which an excitation current phase changes in the same time domain to serve as an auxiliary identification judgment standard of an excitation current phase method.
According to the method and the system for diagnosing the turn-to-turn insulation defects of the coil equipment, the voltage and the current of the equipment are taken, the vector sum of the exciting currents is calculated, the phase difference change of the exciting currents is used as a difference coefficient and is used as a criterion, and the turn-to-turn insulation faults of the coil equipment are diagnosed. The method can realize fault diagnosis of turn-to-turn defects of the single-phase transformer and the mutual inductor without comparing and calculating electric quantity parameters such as three-phase voltage, current and the like. The phase difference after vector operation has higher sensitivity to turn-to-turn insulation defects with fewer turns, and can accurately represent the degree of influence of faults or fault hidden dangers according to the amplitude of phase change, comprehensively represent the insulation condition of the transformer or the mutual inductor, and further analyze and diagnose the faults of coil equipment. The method can accurately, efficiently and conveniently diagnose the turn-to-turn insulation defect of the winding, has the characteristics of less short circuit turns and more sensitive diagnosis and discrimination, and can timely find and diagnose and take measures at the early stage of the turn-to-turn fault.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for diagnosing turn-to-turn insulation defects of coil equipment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, collecting a primary side voltage signal and a secondary side voltage signal of coil equipment, and power frequency current signals and high-frequency partial discharge signals of all windings by using a high-precision sensor;
step 2, conditioning the sensor signals, and converting the signals of the voltage sensor and the current sensor into an input voltage range of the data acquisition module;
step 3, simultaneously acquiring conditioned sensor signals of each channel through different channels;
and 4, acquiring the conditioned signals, calculating the vector sum of the exciting currents, and diagnosing turn-to-turn insulation faults of the coil equipment by taking the phase difference change of the exciting currents as a difference coefficient and taking the difference coefficient as a criterion.
2. The method for diagnosing turn-to-turn insulation defects of coil equipment according to claim 1, wherein the step 1 comprises:
and synchronously acquiring and processing a primary side voltage signal, a secondary side voltage signal and a current signal of each winding of the coil equipment.
3. The method for diagnosing turn-to-turn insulation defects of coil equipment according to claim 1, wherein the step 4 comprises:
1) synchronously collecting voltage and current signals of all windings;
2) converting the current signals of each winding according to a voltage ratio, and synthesizing the vector sum of all the current signals into excitation current;
where k is the actual number of turns of each winding, IkM is the excitation current;
3) calculating the magnitude m and phase of exciting current by vector synthesis algorithm
4) Calculating the magnitude and phase of the reference voltage
5) Calculating the phase angle difference between the exciting current vector and the reference voltage vector
6) Comparing the change of the excitation current with a delivery value, a handover value and historical data, and judging that a multi-turn short circuit occurs if the change of the excitation current exceeds a set range;
7) if the variation of the exciting current does not exceed the set range, comparing the phase angle difference between the exciting current vector and the reference voltage vector
If the phase angle difference between the exciting current vector and the reference voltage vector
If the variation exceeds the set range, it is determined that a small number of turn-to-turn short circuits have occurredAnd (4) a barrier.
4. The method for diagnosing turn-to-turn insulation defects of coil equipment according to claim 1, wherein the step 4 further comprises:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining a high-frequency partial discharge signal of primary current synchronously acquired by a high-frequency current sensor, filtering and Fourier transforming the high-frequency partial discharge signal, and comparing the high-frequency partial discharge signal with a time domain range in which an excitation current phase changes in the same time domain to serve as an auxiliary identification judgment standard of an excitation current phase method.
5. A diagnosis system for turn-to-turn insulation defects of coil equipment is characterized by comprising a sensor unit, a data conditioning module, a data acquisition module and a data analysis processing module;
the sensor unit is used for collecting a primary side voltage signal and a secondary side voltage signal of coil equipment, and power frequency current signals and high-frequency partial discharge signals of all windings through a high-precision current sensor, a voltage sensor and a high-frequency current sensor;
the data conditioning module is used for conditioning the sensor signals and converting the signals of the voltage sensor and the current sensor into an input voltage range of the data acquisition module;
the data acquisition module is used for simultaneously acquiring conditioned sensor signals through different channels;
the data analysis processing module is used for acquiring the conditioned signals, calculating the vector sum of the exciting currents, taking the phase difference change of the exciting currents as a difference coefficient and taking the difference coefficient as a criterion, and diagnosing turn-to-turn insulation faults of coil equipment.
6. The coil type equipment turn-to-turn insulation defect diagnosis system according to claim 5, wherein the data analysis processing module is specifically configured to:
1) synchronously collecting voltage and current signals of all windings;
2) converting the current signals of each winding according to a voltage ratio, and synthesizing the vector sum of all the current signals into excitation current;
where k is the actual number of turns of each winding, IkM is the excitation current;
3) calculating the magnitude m and phase of exciting current by vector synthesis algorithm
4) Calculating the magnitude and phase of the reference voltage
5) Calculating the phase angle difference between the exciting current vector and the reference voltage vector
6) Comparing the change of the excitation current with a delivery value, a handover value and historical data, and judging that a multi-turn short circuit occurs if the change of the excitation current exceeds a set range;
7) if the variation of the exciting current does not exceed the set range, comparing the phase angle difference between the exciting current vector and the reference voltage vector
If the phase angle difference between the excitation current vector and the reference voltage vector
If the variation exceeds the set range, it is determined that a small number of turn-to-turn short circuit faults occur.
7. The coil-like device turn-to-turn insulation defect diagnostic system according to claim 5, wherein the data analysis processing module is further configured to:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining a high-frequency partial discharge signal of primary current synchronously acquired by a high-frequency current sensor, filtering and Fourier transforming the high-frequency partial discharge signal, and comparing the high-frequency partial discharge signal with a time domain range in which an excitation current phase changes in the same time domain to serve as an auxiliary identification judgment standard of an excitation current phase method.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116224154A (en) * | 2023-03-02 | 2023-06-06 | 湖南贝特新能源科技有限公司 | Short circuit detection tool and detection method for compressor |
| CN117269700A (en) * | 2023-11-20 | 2023-12-22 | 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Voltage transformer insulation defect diagnosis method based on fault wave recording information |
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| CN116224154A (en) * | 2023-03-02 | 2023-06-06 | 湖南贝特新能源科技有限公司 | Short circuit detection tool and detection method for compressor |
| CN116224154B (en) * | 2023-03-02 | 2023-12-05 | 湖南贝特新能源科技有限公司 | Short circuit detection tool and detection method for compressor |
| CN117269700A (en) * | 2023-11-20 | 2023-12-22 | 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Voltage transformer insulation defect diagnosis method based on fault wave recording information |
| CN117269700B (en) * | 2023-11-20 | 2024-03-12 | 国网江西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Voltage transformer insulation defect diagnosis method based on fault wave recording information |
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