CN114509476A - System and method for sampling mixed-phase produced fluid of heavy oil well and detecting content of hydrogen sulfide - Google Patents
System and method for sampling mixed-phase produced fluid of heavy oil well and detecting content of hydrogen sulfide Download PDFInfo
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/26—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/10—Devices for withdrawing samples in the liquid or fluent state
- G01N1/14—Suction devices, e.g. pumps; Ejector devices
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/22—Devices for withdrawing samples in the gaseous state
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Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for sampling mixed-phase produced fluid of a heavy oil well and detecting the content of hydrogen sulfide, wherein the system comprises: the on-site sampling unit is used for collecting thick oil from a wellhead transportation pipeline of the thick oil well to form produced liquid; the oil-water-gas separation unit is used for carrying out oil-water separation on the produced liquid and collecting gases respectively separated from the separated thick oil and the formation water; and the electrochemical detection unit is used for independently detecting the thickened oil, the formation water and the precipitated gas respectively to obtain the hydrogen sulfide content in the thickened oil, the formation water and the precipitated gas. The system and the method can simply and quickly detect the content of the hydrogen sulfide in the mixed-phase produced liquid through sampling and liquid separation, can effectively eliminate various impurity interferences and enable the detection result of the hydrogen sulfide to be more accurate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of safety development of oil and gas fields, in particular to a system and a method for sampling mixed-phase produced fluid of a heavy oil well and detecting the content of hydrogen sulfide, which are suitable for detecting the content of hydrogen sulfide at a wellhead of the heavy oil well in an old area.
Background
Hydrogen sulfide is the simplest of the hydrides of sulfur. Is a colorless and highly toxic gas with odor of the smelly eggs at normal temperature, is used in a ventilated place and has to take protective measures. It is a strong neurotoxin, which is easily detected by human beings when the content is low, but the smell of human beings is slow when the content is high, and the smell is lost within one minute, and if the human beings are not evacuated in time, the human beings can be fatally killed quickly. For example: when the volume fraction of hydrogen sulfide gas is (100-200) × 10-6In addition, the composition can suppress smell in 2-5 min, resulting in cough and eye inflammation. The eye pain and the breathing disorder can be caused within 8 hours, and the bleeding and death can be caused within 8-48 hours; when the volume fraction of the hydrogen sulfide gas is (600-700) × 10-6In addition, the human can lose consciousness within 2 minutes, resulting in death. Therefore, the leakage of high sulfur-containing natural gas (containing a large amount of hydrogen sulfide) is fatal to the human body.
With the continuous promotion of onshore oil and gas field exploration and development, the part of onshore oil field developed at the earliest gradually enters the middle and later periods of production, the stratum conditions gradually change, and the production working condition is increasingly severe. Numerous heavy oil wells in old oil areas in east and west face the difficulty of monitoring and detecting the content of hydrogen sulfide in miscible-phase produced liquid (heavy oil, formation water, associated gas and analytic gas), namely, the miscible-phase produced liquid of the oil wells contains hydrogen sulfide exceeding a threshold value, a safety critical concentration and even a danger critical concentration, but currently, integrated well head sampling, monitoring and detecting equipment and technology are lacked, so that the operation risk of operators is greatly increased.
In the prior art, detection methods for hydrogen sulfide in crude oil mainly comprise laboratory detection methods such as an iodometry method, a methylene blue method, a lead acetate reaction rate method and the like, but the methods are low in sensitivity, are only suitable for conventional analysis, are long and time-consuming in operation steps, need multiple chemical reagents, and are easily interfered by coexisting substances to influence the accuracy of an analysis result; on-line detection methods such as a detection tube method, a hydrogen sulfide sensor, a spectrophotometry method, an ion chromatography method and the like are all methods for detecting gaseous hydrogen sulfide, are not suitable for detecting the content of hydrogen sulfide in liquid, and blow off the hydrogen sulfide for detection even if the detection methods are modified, so that the detection interference of sulfur-containing impurity gas in some complex samples on the hydrogen sulfide is large; the gas chromatography measurement result is accurate, but has higher requirements on detection instruments, standard gas and sampling technology, and the investment is higher because special gas chromatography instruments need to be purchased.
GB/26983-2011 adopts chromatography to measure the content of the hydrogen sulfide in the crude oil, and the standard is suitable for measuring the stable crude oil with the hydrogen sulfide content in the range of 2.0mg/kg-200 mg/kg. The method is diluted by a sulfur-free solvent, and is also suitable for measuring crude oil with high hydrogen sulfide content. The method has relatively accurate measurement result, but has higher requirement on instruments, is difficult to apply in an oil extraction field and a pipe transportation process, and cannot realize online detection; the Chinese patent application CN108318550A discloses a detection device for hydrogen sulfide in a liquid oil product, which can meet the detection requirement of hydrogen sulfide in the liquid oil product, effectively remove the influence of other sulfur-containing substances on the detection result, quickly complete the detection work and improve the accuracy of the detection result; chinese patent application CN102455299A discloses a detection device and a detection method of hydrogen sulfide in oil products, which can realize quantitative detection of hydrogen sulfide, thereby expanding the detection range of petroleum products. The Chinese patent application CN104897844A discloses an on-line monitoring experimental device for hydrogen sulfide generated by crude oil, which can monitor hydrogen sulfide gas in real time; a paper 'Bohai sea oilfield wellhead area crude oil associated gas hydrogen sulfide content detection research' discloses a hydrogen sulfide detection device which can detect the hydrogen sulfide content in thin oil extracted from a wellhead.
Compared with other components in the produced fluid, the hydrogen sulfide in the heavy oil exists in various states, and part of the hydrogen sulfide exists in the associated natural gas and can escape along with the natural gas; part of the hydrogen sulfide is mixed in the crude oil under the influence of the viscosity of the crude oil, wherein one part escapes along with the reduction of the system pressure or the reduction of the viscosity by heating, and the other part is dissolved in the crude oil along with the change of the state of the crude oil, so that the measurement of the hydrogen sulfide in various components is needed. At present, no hydrogen sulfide detection device which can be used for the miscible-phase produced fluid of the wellhead of the thick oil well in the old area exists at home and abroad. In conclusion, how to simply and rapidly detect the content of hydrogen sulfide in the mixed-phase produced liquid and eliminate the interference of various impurities is an important direction for the safety development of old oil zones and the development of instruments and equipment.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a detection system and a detection method, which can simply and quickly detect the content of hydrogen sulfide in a mixed-phase produced liquid through sampling and liquid separation, can effectively eliminate various impurity interferences and enables the detection result of the hydrogen sulfide to be more accurate.
In order to achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a system for sampling a miscible produced fluid from a heavy oil well and detecting a hydrogen sulfide content, comprising: the field sampling unit is used for collecting thick oil from a wellhead transportation pipeline of the thick oil well to form produced liquid; the oil-water-gas separation unit is used for carrying out oil-water separation on the produced liquid and collecting gases respectively separated from the separated thick oil and the formation water; and the electrochemical detection unit is used for independently detecting the thickened oil, the formation water and the precipitated gas respectively to obtain the hydrogen sulfide content in the thickened oil, the formation water and the precipitated gas.
Further, in the above technical solution, the field sampling unit includes: one end of the sampling joint extends into the transportation pipeline, the other end of the sampling joint is fixedly installed through an installation valve on the outer wall of the pipeline, and a safety chain is arranged on the installation valve; and the sampling pump is used for providing production power for the produced liquid. A sampling back-pressure valve can be arranged between the sampling joint and the sampling pump, and the sampling back-pressure valve enables the produced liquid to be taken out at a certain pressure. The on-site sampling unit can be installed on a pipe section which is vertical to the ground in a transportation pipeline and in which thick oil flows from bottom to top. The mounting valve can be connected with a pressure relief tee joint for preventing pressure build-up.
Further, among the above-mentioned technical scheme, the oil water gas separation unit includes: and a liquid separation device for performing oil-water separation without precipitating hydrogen sulfide in a liquid phase. The oil-water-gas separation unit further comprises: the thickened oil processing subunit prepares for electrochemical detection by carrying out dilution, temperature rise and filtration processing on thickened oil; the formation water treatment subunit prepares for electrochemical detection by carrying out caching and impurity separation treatment on formation water, and the residual formation water after sampling detection of the cached formation water is reinjected to a transportation pipeline; and a precipitated gas treatment subunit which prepares for electrochemical detection by purifying and drying the hydrogen sulfide gas precipitated from the sampled heavy oil and formation water.
Further, in the above technical solution, the viscous oil processing subunit includes: the heating mixer is used for diluting the thickened oil by adding a sulfur-free solvent and heating the diluted thickened oil by an electric heating sleeve; and a thick oil treatment tank for filtering the diluted and heated thick oil through an asphaltene filtration membrane.
Further, in the above technical solution, the formation water treatment subunit includes: a formation water treatment tank for removing solid particles and a highly viscous liquid phase from the sampled formation water through an impurity separation screen; the buffer tank pumps the required formation water into the formation water treatment tank; and reinjecting the remaining formation water to the transport pipeline. Preferably, the aperture of the impurity separating screen may be less than 10 μm.
Further, in the above technical solution, the precipitated gas treatment subunit includes a gas suction pump, which collects, purifies and dries the hydrogen sulfide gas precipitated in the heavy oil treatment tank and the formation water treatment tank; correspondingly, the bottom of the thickened oil treatment tank and the bottom of the formation water treatment tank can be provided with bottom covers with piston structures.
Furthermore, in the above technical scheme, the electrochemical detection unit is provided with three independent detection inlets, which can respectively and independently detect the thickened oil, the formation water and the precipitated gas. The electrochemical detection cell may also be provided with a clean inlet and a waste outlet.
Furthermore, in the above technical scheme, the on-site sampling unit and the oil-water-gas separation unit are both arranged in a constant temperature environment.
In order to achieve the above object, according to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for sampling a miscible produced fluid from a heavy oil well and detecting the content of hydrogen sulfide, comprising the steps of: A. collecting thick oil from a wellhead transport pipeline of a thick oil well to form produced liquid; B. performing oil-water separation on the produced liquid, and collecting gases respectively separated from the separated thick oil and the formation water; C. and (4) independently detecting the thickened oil, the formation water and the precipitated gas respectively to obtain the hydrogen sulfide content in the thickened oil, the formation water and the precipitated gas.
Further, in the above technical solution, the step of treating the thickened oil, the formation water and the precipitated gas after the oil-water separation in the step B further includes the steps of: diluting, heating and filtering the thickened oil; carrying out caching and impurity separation treatment on the formation water, and reinjecting the residual formation water after sampling detection of the cached formation water to a transportation pipeline; and purifying and drying hydrogen sulfide gas separated out from the sampled thickened oil and formation water.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the system and the method can be used for directly detecting at the wellhead of the heavy oil well, and the heavy oil well is sent to a laboratory without sampling, so that the timeliness of the detection result is ensured, the operation is simple and convenient, and the intelligent degree is high;
2) according to the invention, hydrogen sulfide does not need to be blown off, so that the defect that hydrogen sulfide in the heavy oil cannot be completely blown off in the prior art is overcome;
3) according to the invention, the accuracy of the detection result can be effectively improved through separation, processing and split-phase detection, and equipment and technical guarantee are provided for the safe development of the thick oil well in the old area;
4) the sampling back-pressure valve F1 is used in the field sampling unit, so that hydrogen sulfide precipitation caused by rapid pressure relief of produced liquid can be effectively avoided, and the error of a measuring result is increased.
5) The bottom covers of the thickened oil treatment tank and the formation water treatment tank adopt piston structures, when the gas in the tank is pumped out by the gas suction pump, the bottom cover can move upwards under the action of pressure due to the action of negative pressure, and the balance of the internal and external pressure in the tank can be effectively ensured;
6) the detection system provided by the invention considers a plurality of parameters such as the oil-water ratio of the produced fluid, the gas output of unit heavy oil and formation water precipitation, the invalid volume of the pipeline and the like, and respectively measures the multiphase fluid in the produced fluid, thereby ensuring the accuracy and comprehensiveness of the detection result to the greatest extent.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood and to make the technical means implementable in accordance with the contents of the description, and to make the above and other objects, technical features, and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, one or more preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the system for sampling the mixed-phase produced fluid and detecting the content of hydrogen sulfide in the heavy oil well.
Description of the main reference numbers:
1-wellhead produced liquid transportation pipeline, 2-produced liquid sampling joint, 3-sampling joint installation valve, 4-safety chain, 5-pressure relief tee joint, 6-sampling pump inlet pressure gauge, 7-sampling pump, 8-liquid separation device, 9-liquid separation controller, 10-data acquisition and processing unit, 11-thick oil pump, 12-heating mixer, 13-sulfur-free solvent measuring cylinder, 14-electric heating sleeve, 15-thick oil processing tank, 16-asphaltene filtering membrane, 17-gas suction pump, 18-hydrogen sulfide purification bottle, 19-gas silica gel drying bottle, 20-electrochemical detector, 21-waste liquid processing tank, 22-cleaning pump, 23-cleaning liquid storage tank, 24-pressure stabilizing gas storage tank and pressure reducing valve, 25-formation water processing tank, 26-an impurity separation screen, 27-a formation water injection pump, 28-a produced liquid reinjection pump, 29-a one-way valve, 30-a formation water buffer tank and 31-a heat preservation box.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments.
Throughout the specification and claims, unless explicitly stated otherwise, the word "comprise", or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated element or component but not the exclusion of any other element or component.
Spatially relative terms, such as "below," "lower," "upper," "above," "upper," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one element or feature's relationship to another element or feature in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the object in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the items in the figures are turned over, elements described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" the elements or features. Thus, the exemplary term "below" can encompass both an orientation of below and above. The article may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative terms used herein should be interpreted accordingly.
As used herein, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used to distinguish two different elements or regions, and are not intended to define a particular position or relative relationship. In other words, the terms "first," "second," and the like may also be interchanged with one another in some embodiments.
Example 1
The invention aims to realize the functions of sampling, separating, processing, detecting the content of hydrogen sulfide and the like of oil well produced liquid in a wellhead pipeline, complete the real-time and on-site monitoring of the produced liquid of a thick oil well in an old area at the wellhead, ensure the safety of wellhead equipment and operating personnel and avoid the risk of direct contact of hydrogen sulfide and people existing in the conventional process of conveying sampled samples. The detection system mainly comprises an on-site sampling unit, an oil-water-gas separation unit, an electrochemical detection unit and a data acquisition, processing and analysis unit which are sequentially connected.
As further shown in fig. 1, the field sampling unit collects heavy oil from a heavy oil well wellhead transport pipeline 1 to form a produced fluid. One end of the sampling joint 2 extends into the transportation pipeline 1, the other end of the sampling joint is fixedly installed through an installation valve 3 on the outer wall of the pipeline, and a safety chain 4 is arranged on the installation valve 3. The sampling joint 2 extends into the pipeline for sampling and can be disassembled under the condition of low pressure. In order to ensure continuous and representative sampling, a pipe section which is vertical to the ground and has a flow direction from bottom to top is selected for sampling. Preferably, but not limitatively, the sampling connection 2 has an internal diameter of 12 mm. The safety chain 4 is arranged on the installation valve 3, so that the sampling joint 2 can be prevented from being ejected due to the pressure of a pipeline in the working process, and accidents are avoided. The sampling joint installation valve 3 is provided with a pressure relief tee joint 5, and emergency pressure relief treatment can be carried out when the abnormal pressure-building condition of the pipeline occurs. The exit end of sampling joint 2 is connected sample back pressure valve F1, and sample back pressure valve F1 passes through the pipeline and is connected with sample pump 7, preferably but not the restriction ground, and sample pump 7 can adopt the oil-free diaphragm vacuum pump, can provide production power for the extraction liquid. A sample pump inlet pressure gauge 6 is connected between the sample back pressure valve F1 and the sample pump 7. The sampling back-pressure valve F1 mainly has the effects that the produced liquid is taken out at a certain pressure, hydrogen sulfide separation caused by rapid pressure relief of the produced liquid is avoided, and the error of a measuring result is increased.
As further shown in fig. 1, the oil-water-gas separation unit performs oil-water separation on the produced fluid of the on-site sampling unit, and collects the separated heavy oil and the gas respectively separated from the formation water. The oil-water-gas separation unit further comprises a liquid separation device 8, and the liquid separation device 8 is used for performing oil-water separation under the condition that hydrogen sulfide in a liquid phase is not separated out. Divide liquid device 8 to connect in the rear end of sampling pump 7, divide liquid device 8 to pass through the cable with branch liquid controller 9 and link to each other, divide liquid device 8's main function to carry out oil-water separation under the condition that hydrogen sulfide does not appear in the assurance liquid phase, detect simultaneously and obtain the oil-water ratio of produced liquid after with oil-water ratio data transmission to data acquisition and processing unit 10 carry out subsequent processing, set up the window in dividing liquid device 8 side for shunt after the observation separation condition. And respectively treating the separated liquid phase and gas phase, and respectively detecting the content of the hydrogen sulfide in an electrochemical detection unit after treatment and purification. Specifically, the oil-water-gas separation unit further comprises a thickened oil treatment subunit, a formation water treatment subunit and a precipitated gas treatment subunit, wherein the thickened oil treatment subunit prepares for subsequent electrochemical detection by diluting, heating and filtering thickened oil. The thickened oil processing subunit comprises a thickened oil pump 11, a heating mixer 12, a sulfur-free solvent measuring cylinder 13, a thickened oil processing tank 15, a pipeline joint and the like. The inlet end of the thick oil pump 11 is connected to the liquid separating device 8, the outlet end of the thick oil pump is connected to the warming mixer 12, the outlet end of the sulfur-free solvent measuring cylinder 13 is connected to the top cover of the warming mixer 12, the outlet end of the warming mixer 12 is connected to the upper portion of the side surface of the thick oil treatment tank 15, and the outlet end of the thick oil treatment tank 15 is connected to the inlet end A of the electrochemical detection unit. After the thickened oil pump 11 pumps the thickened oil with a certain flow into the warming mixer 12, because the thickened oil has high viscosity and high asphaltene content, a certain proportion of sulfur-free solvent is added for dilution, and the sulfur-free solvent can adopt light components separated from crude oil such as sulfur-free diesel oil, gasoline and the like, so that the thickened oil is not doped with other components, and the purpose of diluting the thickened oil can be achieved. In addition, the mixture is heated by an electric heating jacket 14, a certain amount of heated mixture is added into a thick oil treatment tank 15 after the heating is finished, an asphaltene filtering membrane 16 is arranged in the thick oil treatment tank 15, and most of asphaltene in the mixture can be removed through the asphaltene filtering membrane 16. The formation water treatment subunit prepares for subsequent electrochemical detection by carrying out caching and impurity separation treatment on the formation water, wherein the residual formation water after sampling detection of the cached formation water is reinjected to the transportation pipeline 1. The formation water treatment subunit mainly comprises a formation water buffer tank 30, a formation water treatment tank 25, a formation water injection pump 27 and related pipeline joints. An outlet of the formation water buffer tank 30 is connected with a formation water injection pump 27, an outlet of the injection pump 27 is connected with a formation water treatment tank 25, an impurity separation screen 26 is installed in the formation water treatment tank 25, and an outlet end of the formation water treatment tank 21 is connected with an inlet end B of an electrochemical detection unit. During the detection, a formation water injection pump 27 injects a certain amount of formation water into the formation water treatment tank 25, wherein solid-phase particles and other high-viscosity liquid phases are removed by an impurity separation screen 26, preferably but not limited to, the screen aperture is smaller than 10 μm. And the precipitated gas treatment subunit prepares for subsequent electrochemical detection by purifying and drying the hydrogen sulfide gas precipitated from the sampled thickened oil and formation water. The precipitated gas treatment subunit mainly comprises a gas suction pump 17, a hydrogen sulfide purification bottle 18 and a silica gel drying bottle 19, wherein the gas suction pump 17 is connected with the tops of the thick oil treatment tank 15 and the formation water treatment tank 25, the outlet of the gas suction pump is connected with the inlet of the hydrogen sulfide purification bottle 18, the outlet of the hydrogen sulfide purification bottle 18 is connected with the gas silica gel drying bottle 19, and the outlet of the gas silica gel drying bottle is connected with the inlet end C of the electrochemical detection unit. The pressure of the thickened oil and the formation water is suddenly reduced to normal pressure in the treatment tank, so that gas containing hydrogen sulfide is inevitably separated out, the separated gas is pumped to a hydrogen sulfide purification bottle 18 by using a gas suction pump 17, the rest non-hydrogen sulfide substances are taken out, the detection precision is improved, and then the gas enters a gas silica gel drying bottle 19 for drying treatment. Preferably, but not limitatively, the bottom covers of the thick oil treatment tank 15 and the formation water treatment tank 25 are both of a piston structure, and when the gas suction pump 17 pumps gas out, the bottom covers can move upwards under the action of pressure due to the action of negative pressure, so that the balance of the internal pressure and the external pressure of the tank can be effectively ensured.
As further shown in fig. 1, the electrochemical detection unit 20 independently detects the heavy oil, the formation water, and the precipitated gas, and obtains the hydrogen sulfide content in the heavy oil, the formation water, and the precipitated gas. The electrochemical detection unit has two functions of liquid-phase electrochemical detection and gas-phase electrochemical detection, is provided with four independent inlets and an outlet, the A, B, C inlet end is respectively a detection inlet formed by thickened oil, formation water and gas, the inlet end D is a cleaning inlet, and detection and cleaning waste liquid is discharged through the outlet E. Clean unit mainly includes scavenging pump 22, cleaning solution storage tank 23 and steady voltage gas holder and relief pressure valve 24, at first uses the cleaning solution to wash electrochemical detection unit 20 after the detection end, uses gas to weather afterwards, prevents that the residue from causing the influence to the detection precision, detects and clean waste liquid carries out nontoxic, innocent treatment in discharging into waste liquid treatment tank 21 through export E.
The electrochemical detection unit 20 is connected with the data acquisition, processing and analysis unit 10, and the data acquisition, processing and analysis unit 10 calculates the concentration of hydrogen sulfide in the mixed-phase produced fluid of the heavy oil well according to the electrochemical detection result and by considering parameters such as the oil-water ratio of the produced fluid and the invalid volume of the pipeline. Preferably, but not limitatively, in order to reduce the dead volume in the system, the units and components are as close as possible, the pipe diameter is selected as small as possible under the condition of ensuring the smooth flow of the fluid, the whole detection system is in a downward inclined state, and the electrochemical detection unit 20 is positioned at the lowest point of the detection system. Preferably, but not limitatively, the cleaning unit of the electrochemical detection unit 20 can be cleaned after the detection is finished by installing a quick connector on the processing subunit in the field sampling unit and the oil-water-gas separation unit, so as to prevent the pipeline from being blocked due to cooling and wax precipitation. In order to prevent the blockage of the high-viscosity crude oil in the pipeline, the on-site sampling unit and the oil-water-gas separation unit are integrally placed in the heat preservation box for constant temperature protection, so that the detection process can be carried out smoothly.
Furthermore, because the produced liquid and the separated phase thereof may have high-concentration hydrogen sulfide and have strong corrosivity, all pipelines, valves, boxes and tanks which are directly contacted with acidic substances and are adopted by the system are made of 718 metal materials, rubber materials such as sealing rings in the detection system are made of tetrapropylene fluoroelastomers (AFLAS), and rubber plugs are made of polytetrafluoroethylene three-hole plugs, so that the operation safety is ensured.
Example 2
The invention discloses a method for sampling mixed-phase produced fluid of a large heavy oil well and detecting the content of hydrogen sulfide, which comprises the following steps: firstly, collecting thick oil from a wellhead transportation pipeline of a thick oil well to form produced liquid; then, carrying out oil-water separation on the produced liquid, and collecting gases respectively separated from the separated thick oil and the formation water; and finally, independently detecting the thickened oil, the formation water and the precipitated gas respectively to obtain the hydrogen sulfide content in the thickened oil, the formation water and the precipitated gas.
Further, the method also comprises a step of treating the thickened oil, the formation water and the precipitated gas after the oil-water separation, wherein the step of treating specifically comprises the following steps: diluting, heating and filtering the thickened oil; carrying out caching and impurity separation treatment on the formation water, and reinjecting the residual formation water after sampling detection of the cached formation water to the transportation pipeline; and purifying and drying hydrogen sulfide gas separated out from the sampled thickened oil and formation water.
The specific operation of the embodiment of the method is as follows:
1) installing components according to the design requirements of a detection system, closing all valves (including valves F1-F16) and a pump group, installing a sampling joint 2 on a transportation pipeline 1 under the pressure relief condition, and opening an insulation box 31 to perform constant temperature protection on an area outlined by a broken line in the figure 1;
2) after the multiphase flow trend of the produced liquid in the produced liquid transportation pipeline is stabilized again, a sampling back-pressure valve F1 and a sampling pump 7 are opened, the produced liquid with a certain volume is pumped to a liquid separation device 8, a sampling back-pressure valve F1 and the sampling pump 7 are closed, the produced liquid is subjected to liquid separation treatment, and the oil-water ratio data of the produced liquid is obtained;
3) opening a valve F2 and a thick oil pump 11, pumping a certain amount of thick oil to a heating mixer 12, opening a valve F3, adding a certain amount of sulfur-free solvent into the heating mixer 12, stirring at a certain temperature (the stirring temperature is set between 50 and 70 ℃), and discharging the mixture into a thick oil treatment tank 15 for asphaltene filtration after the stirring is completed; simultaneously opening a valve F15, discharging the required amount of formation water into the formation water buffer tank 30, opening a valve F13 and a formation water injection pump 27, and pumping a certain amount of formation water into a formation water treatment tank 25 for impurity treatment;
4) closing valves F2, F3, F4, F12, F13 and F15, after the thick oil and the formation water are treated, opening valves F5, F6 and a gas suction pump 17 to suck the separated gas, and enabling the separated gas to sequentially pass through a hydrogen sulfide purification bottle 18 and a gas silica gel drying bottle 19 to finish gas purification and drying;
5) sequentially opening valves F8, F11 and F7, sending a certain amount of thickened oil, formation water and gas into an electrochemical detection unit 20, detecting the content of hydrogen sulfide in the thickened oil, transmitting signals to a data acquisition, processing and analysis unit 10, opening a valve F10, and discharging detection waste liquid into a waste liquid treatment tank 21;
6) the data acquisition, processing and analysis unit 10 calculates the hydrogen sulfide content in the miscible phase produced fluid according to the electrochemical detection data by combining the parameters of the oil-water ratio of the produced fluid, the gas output of unit thick oil and formation water precipitation, the invalid volume of the pipeline and the like.
7) And cleaning the detection device after the detection is finished.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above exemplary embodiments shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (17)
1. The utility model provides a viscous crude well miscible phase extraction liquid sample and hydrogen sulfide content detecting system which characterized in that includes:
the on-site sampling unit is used for collecting thick oil from a wellhead transportation pipeline of the thick oil well to form produced liquid;
the oil-water-gas separation unit is used for carrying out oil-water separation on the produced liquid and collecting gases respectively separated out from the separated thick oil and the formation water;
and the electrochemical detection unit is used for independently detecting the thickened oil, the formation water and the precipitated gas respectively to obtain the hydrogen sulfide content in the thickened oil, the formation water and the precipitated gas.
2. The heavy oil well miscible phase produced fluid sampling and hydrogen sulfide content detecting system according to claim 1, wherein the on-site sampling unit comprises:
one end of the sampling joint extends into the transportation pipeline, the other end of the sampling joint is fixedly installed through an installation valve on the outer wall of the pipeline, and a safety chain is arranged on the installation valve;
and the sampling pump is used for providing production power for the produced liquid.
3. The heavy oil well miscible phase produced fluid sampling and hydrogen sulfide content detecting system according to claim 2, wherein a sampling back-pressure valve is provided between the sampling joint and the sampling pump, and the sampling back-pressure valve allows the produced fluid to be taken out at a certain pressure.
4. The heavy oil well miscible phase produced fluid sampling and hydrogen sulfide content detecting system according to claim 1, wherein the on-site sampling unit is installed in a pipe section of the transportation pipeline, which is vertical to the ground and in which heavy oil flows from bottom to top.
5. The heavy oil well miscible phase produced fluid sampling and hydrogen sulfide content detecting system according to claim 2, wherein the installation valve is connected with a pressure relief tee joint for preventing pressure build-up.
6. The heavy oil well miscible phase produced fluid sampling and hydrogen sulfide content detecting system according to claim 1, wherein the oil-water-gas separating unit includes:
and a liquid separation device for performing oil-water separation without precipitating hydrogen sulfide in a liquid phase.
7. The heavy oil well miscible phase produced fluid sampling and hydrogen sulfide content detecting system according to claim 6, wherein the oil-water-gas separating unit further comprises:
a thickened oil processing subunit, which prepares for electrochemical detection by performing dilution, temperature rise and filtration processing on the thickened oil;
the formation water treatment subunit prepares for electrochemical detection by carrying out caching and impurity separation treatment on the formation water; residual formation water after sampling detection of the cached formation water is reinjected to the transportation pipeline;
and a precipitated gas treatment subunit which prepares for electrochemical detection by purifying and drying the hydrogen sulfide gas precipitated from the sampled heavy oil and formation water.
8. The heavy oil well miscible phase produced fluid sampling and hydrogen sulfide content detecting system according to claim 7, wherein the heavy oil processing sub-unit includes:
a heating mixer for diluting the thick oil by adding a sulfur-free solvent and heating the diluted thick oil by an electric heating jacket;
and a thick oil treatment tank for filtering the diluted and heated thick oil through an asphaltene filtration membrane.
9. The heavy oil well miscible phase produced fluid sampling and hydrogen sulfide content detecting system according to claim 7, wherein the formation water treatment sub-unit includes:
a formation water treatment tank for removing solid particles and a highly viscous liquid phase from the sampled formation water through an impurity separation screen;
the buffer tank is used for pumping the required formation water into the formation water treatment tank; and reinjecting the remaining formation water to the transportation pipeline.
10. The heavy oil well miscible phase produced fluid sampling and hydrogen sulfide content detecting system according to claim 9, wherein the aperture of the impurity separating screen is less than 10 μm.
11. The heavy oil well miscible phase produced fluid sampling and hydrogen sulfide content detecting system according to claim 8, wherein the precipitated gas treatment sub-unit includes a gas suction pump that collects, purifies and dries the hydrogen sulfide gas precipitated in the heavy oil treatment tank; correspondingly, the bottom of the thickened oil treatment tank is provided with a bottom cover of a piston structure.
12. The heavy oil well miscible-phase produced fluid sampling and hydrogen sulfide content detection system according to claim 9, wherein the precipitated gas treatment sub-unit includes a gas suction pump that collects, purifies, and dries the hydrogen sulfide gas precipitated in the formation water treatment tank; correspondingly, the bottom of the formation water treatment tank is provided with a bottom cover of a piston structure.
13. The heavy oil well miscible phase produced fluid sampling and hydrogen sulfide content detecting system according to claim 1, wherein the electrochemical detection unit is provided with three independent detection inlets for independently detecting the heavy oil, the formation water and the precipitated gas respectively.
14. The heavy oil well miscible phase produced fluid sampling and hydrogen sulfide content detecting system according to claim 13, wherein the electrochemical detection unit is further provided with a clean inlet and a waste fluid discharge port.
15. The heavy oil well miscible phase produced fluid sampling and hydrogen sulfide content detecting system according to claim 1, wherein the on-site sampling unit and the oil-water-gas separating unit are both disposed in a constant temperature environment.
16. A method for sampling a mixed-phase produced fluid of a heavy oil well and detecting the content of hydrogen sulfide is characterized by comprising the following steps:
A. collecting thick oil from a wellhead transport pipeline of a thick oil well to form produced liquid;
B. performing oil-water separation on the produced liquid, and collecting gases respectively separated from the separated thick oil and the formation water;
C. and respectively and independently detecting the thickened oil, the formation water and the precipitated gas to obtain the hydrogen sulfide content in the thickened oil, the formation water and the precipitated gas.
17. The method for sampling the miscible phase produced fluid of the heavy oil well and detecting the content of hydrogen sulfide according to claim 16, wherein the step B of treating the heavy oil, the formation water and the precipitated gas after the oil-water separation comprises the following steps:
diluting, heating and filtering the thickened oil;
carrying out caching and impurity separation treatment on the formation water; residual formation water after sampling detection of the cached formation water is reinjected to the transportation pipeline;
and purifying and drying the hydrogen sulfide gas separated out from the thick oil and the formation water which are sampled.
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