CN114509470A - Photoelectric test system for measuring explosive combustion to detonation - Google Patents
Photoelectric test system for measuring explosive combustion to detonation Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000006757 chemical reactions by type Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000011545 laboratory measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/50—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating flash-point; by investigating explosibility
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Abstract
The invention discloses a photoelectric test system for measuring explosive combustion to detonation, which comprises a laser, a light splitter, a photoelectric probe and a post-processing system which are sequentially connected; the laser is used for providing an initial signal source for the test system; the optical splitter is used for dispersing the high-power optical signal emitted by the laser into a plurality of sub-signals; the photoelectric probe is used for capturing a wave signal generated after the explosive to be measured is ignited and converting the wave signal into an optical signal; and the post-processing system is used for post-processing the optical signals collected by the photoelectric probe. The invention adopts the laser as the initial signal source, gives full play to the characteristics of high laser propagation speed and high response frequency, and greatly improves the accuracy of the test result; the photoelectric probe is used as a signal catcher, so that not only can a combustion wave signal be caught, but also a detonation wave signal can be caught, and the process of converting combustion to detonation of the explosive can be completely acquired during testing; and the photoelectric probe has simple structure and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of explosive laboratory measurement, in particular to a photoelectric test system for measuring explosive combustion to detonation.
Background
The process of combustion to detonation (also known as DDT process) refers to the process of detonation propagating in an explosive that gradually progresses and turns into detonation. The DDT process is a process that goes through multiple stages, and involves complex physical and chemical changes, which are widely present in the process of initiating explosives and acting on weapons ammunition, and one of the safety factors that must be considered during the production and storage of explosives, which is one of the important performance parameters for the safety design and evaluation of explosives over the life cycle. Therefore, DDT is an important research content for the research of explosive characteristics and ammunition safety performance, and is paid much attention by related researchers.
Regarding the DDT process, the experimental study is usually carried out based on a combustion-to-detonation test system (DDT system), which is composed of a wave velocity test system, an igniter and a sample tube, and the working principle is as follows: a row of micropores with the same diameter are distributed on the wall of the sample tube at equal intervals along the axial direction, sensing devices are arranged in the micropores and used for acquiring combustion or detonation wave signals, when explosives are combusted or exploded, the generated combustion or detonation waves trigger the sensing devices to acquire time signals, and through post-processing, the corresponding time and speed of a wave front propagating to a specific area in the sample tube can be acquired. The wave speed testing system is a core component of the DDT system and determines the accuracy and reliability of a test result.
At present, the existing wave speed test system mainly comprises an ionization probe test system, a microwave test system and a high-speed camera test system, but the ionization probe test system is only sensitive to detonation signals and relatively insensitive to combustion signals, so that the combustion signals cannot be effectively obtained in the test process, and the reliability of test results cannot be ensured; the microwave test system comprises a microwave sensor, a signal generation module, a cancellation module, a transceiving front-end module, a down-conversion module, a data processing module, a power module and the like, the related test components are numerous, a large amount of time is consumed to debug the system in the test process, and the microwave sensor can be irreversibly structurally damaged when explosive burns or explodes, and belongs to a high-value precise component, so that the DDT research performed by adopting the method has the defects of low test efficiency, poor economy and the like; the high-speed camera shooting test system records the moment when the first frame of flame appears in each micropore after ignition and combustion through the high-speed camera shooting instrument, but the highest shooting speed of a common high-speed camera shooting system is 10000 frames/second, the recorded time precision is only ms magnitude, but DDT is a very quick propagation process, and the time resolution is μ s magnitude, so the test result obtained by adopting the high-speed camera shooting test system has the defects of low time resolution and poor precision.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a photoelectric test system for measuring the conversion from explosive combustion to detonation, and solve the problems of low time resolution and poor precision of the device in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a photoelectric test system for measuring explosive combustion to detonation comprises a laser, a light splitter, a photoelectric probe and a post-processing system which are connected in sequence;
the photoelectric probe is fixed in an opening on a sample tube filled with a sample to be detected; the number of the photoelectric probes is consistent with the number of the signal splitting channels emitted by the optical splitter;
the laser is used for emitting a high-power laser signal so as to provide an initial signal source for the test system;
the optical splitter is used for dispersing the high-power optical signal emitted by the laser into a plurality of sub-signals and transmitting the sub-signals to the photoelectric probe;
the sample tube is used for containing an explosive to be measured;
the photoelectric probe is used for capturing a wave signal generated after the explosive to be measured is ignited, converting the captured wave signal into an optical signal and outputting the converted optical signal to the post-processing system;
the post-processing system is used for converting the optical signal output by the photoelectric probe into an electrical signal and obtaining a time signal corresponding to the electrical signal at the position corresponding to the photoelectric probe.
The invention also has the following technical characteristics:
the post-processing system comprises a photoelectric converter, a signal amplifier and an oscilloscope which are connected in sequence;
the photoelectric probe is connected with the photoelectric converter;
the photoelectric converter is used for converting an optical signal fed back by the photoelectric probe into an electric signal;
the signal amplifier is used for amplifying the electric signal sent by the photoelectric converter;
the oscilloscope is used for collecting and storing the electric signal amplified by the signal amplifier and obtaining a time signal corresponding to the electric signal at the position corresponding to the photoelectric probe.
The photoelectric probe comprises a vacuum sealing shell, a coated glass mirror surface is installed at one end inside the vacuum sealing shell, an optical fiber probe is installed at the other end inside the vacuum sealing shell, and the optical fiber probe is connected with the optical splitter through an external cable.
The total power of the laser is not less than 200 mW.
The power of each signal splitting channel split by the optical splitter is not less than 10 mW.
The highest photoelectric detection frequency of the photoelectric converter is not less than 100 MHz/s.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the invention adopts the laser as the initial signal source, gives full play to the characteristics of high laser propagation speed and high response frequency, and greatly improves the accuracy of the test result; the photoelectric probe is used as a signal catcher, so that not only can a combustion wave signal (a stable light signal is fed back) be caught, but also a detonation wave signal (a pulse light signal is fed back) can be caught, and the process of converting combustion into detonation of the explosive can be completely acquired during testing; and the photoelectric probe has simple structure and low cost. The above features ensure the reliability and economy of use of the test system of the present application.
The invention (II) has simple structure and convenient use, and can greatly save manpower and material resources.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the photoelectric probe of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a signal plot obtained from a combustion to detonation test using the system of the present invention.
The various reference numbers in the drawings have the meanings given below:
1-a laser; 2-a beam splitter: 3-a photoelectric probe; 4-a post-treatment system;
3-1 vacuum sealing shell, 3-2 coated glass mirror surface, 3-3 optical fiber probe and 3-4 external cable;
4-1 photoelectric converter, 4-2 signal amplifier and 4-3 oscilloscope.
The present invention will be explained in further detail with reference to examples.
Detailed Description
The following embodiments of the present invention are provided, and it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and all equivalent changes based on the technical solutions of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
As used herein, the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "back," "top," "bottom," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship that is indicated for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, but does not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must be in a particular orientation, constructed and operative in a particular orientation, "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer of the contours of the corresponding parts and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In the present invention, the terms "mounted", "connected", "fixed", and the like are used broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrated without being described to the contrary; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
All components in the present invention, unless otherwise specified, are all those known in the art.
Example 1:
according to the technical scheme, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, a photoelectric test system for measuring explosive combustion to detonation comprises a laser 1, a light splitter 2, a photoelectric probe 3 and a post-processing system 4 which are connected in sequence;
the photoelectric probes 3 are fixed in openings on a sample tube filled with a sample to be detected, and the number of the photoelectric probes 3 is consistent with that of signal distribution channels emitted by the optical splitter 2;
the laser 1 is used for emitting a high-power laser signal so as to provide an initial signal source for a test system;
the optical splitter 2 is used for splitting the high-power optical signal emitted by the laser 1 into a plurality of sub-signals and transmitting the sub-signals to the photoelectric probe 3;
the sample tube is used for containing an explosive to be measured;
the photoelectric probe 3 is used for capturing a wave signal generated after the explosive to be measured is ignited, converting the captured wave signal into an optical signal and outputting the converted optical signal to the post-processing system 4;
the post-processing system 4 is used for converting the optical signal output by the photoelectric probe 3 into an electrical signal and obtaining a time signal corresponding to the electrical signal at the position corresponding to the photoelectric probe 3.
The optical signal is a stable optical signal or a pulse optical signal and respectively corresponds to a combustion wave signal and a detonation wave signal.
As a preference of this embodiment:
the post-processing system 4 comprises a photoelectric converter 4-1, a signal amplifier 4-2 and an oscilloscope 4-3 which are connected in sequence;
the photoelectric probe 3 is connected with the photoelectric converter 4-1;
the photoelectric converter 4-1 is used for converting an optical signal fed back by the photoelectric probe 3 into an electric signal;
the signal amplifier 4-2 is used for amplifying the electric signal sent by the photoelectric converter 4-1;
the oscilloscope 4-3 is used for collecting and storing the electric signals amplified by the signal amplifier 4-2.
The oscilloscope 4-3 is used for collecting and storing the electric signal amplified by the signal amplifier 4-2 and obtaining a time signal corresponding to the electric signal at the position corresponding to the photoelectric probe 3;
the reaction type and the wave front speed corresponding to the position of the photoelectric probe 3 can be obtained by post-processing the electric signals of each channel, and then the complete process of converting the explosive combustion into the detonation process is obtained.
As a preference of this embodiment:
the photoelectric probe 3 comprises a vacuum sealing shell 3-1, one end inside the vacuum sealing shell 3-1 is provided with a coated glass mirror surface 3-2, the other end inside the vacuum sealing shell 3-1 is provided with an optical fiber probe 3-3, and the optical fiber probe 3-3 is connected with the optical splitter 2 through an external cable 3-4. The vacuum sealing shell 3-1 is used for packaging the coated glass mirror surface 3-2 and the optical fiber probe 3-3, before packaging, vacuumizing processing is carried out between the coated glass mirror surface 3-2 and the optical fiber probe 3-3, the coated glass mirror surface 3-2 is used for feeding back optical signals, and the optical fiber probe 3-3 is used for transmitting the optical signals sent by the optical splitter 2 to the coated glass mirror surface 3-2 and receiving the optical signals fed back by the coated glass mirror surface 3-2.
When the combustion wave acts on the photoelectric probe 3, the coated glass mirror 3-2 has a complete structure, a stable optical signal is fed back to the optical fiber probe 3-3, and the photoelectric probe 3 outputs the stable optical signal; when detonation waves act on the photoelectric probe 3, the coated glass mirror surface 3-2 is structurally damaged under the action of strong detonation waves, pulse light signals are fed back to the optical fiber probe 3-3, and the photoelectric probe 3 outputs the pulse light signals;
as a preference of this embodiment:
the total power of the laser 1 is not less than 200 mW. In this embodiment, the total power of the laser 1 is 300 mW;
as a preference of this embodiment:
the power of each signal splitting channel split by the optical splitter 2 is not less than 10 mW. In this embodiment, the power of each sub-signal channel is 15 mW;
as a preference of this embodiment:
the highest photoelectric detection frequency of the photoelectric converter 4-1 is not less than 100 MHz/s. In this embodiment, the highest photodetection frequency of the photoelectric converter 4 is 150 MHz/s;
the working principle of the photoelectric testing system for measuring the detonation from the combustion of the explosive is as follows:
inserting a photoelectric probe 3 of the system into a micropore of a sample tube, mounting an igniter at the head of the sample tube, and finally forming a combustion-to-detonation test system by the photoelectric test system, the igniter and the sample tube, wherein an initial signal of the test system is a laser signal and is finally output as an electric signal obtained after conversion and a corresponding time signal;
light the pending explosive that awaits measuring in the sample cell through some firearm, when the burning wave acted on photoelectric probe, photoelectric probe catches the ripples signal that awaits measuring explosive and produces after lighting and will catch the ripples signal conversion that the ripples signal conversion is light signal, the light signal conversion who feeds back photoelectric probe through photoelectric converter is the signal of telecommunication to amplify the signal of telecommunication through signal amplifier, gather, the storage through the signal of telecommunication after then amplifying through oscilloscope, interpret the signal of telecommunication type, acquire the reaction type of 3 corresponding positions of photoelectric probe: the coated glass has a complete mirror surface structure, a stable optical signal is fed back to the optical fiber probe, and the photoelectric probe outputs the stable optical signal; when detonation waves act on the photoelectric probe, the mirror surface of the coated glass generates structural damage under the action of strong detonation waves, a pulse light signal is fed back to the optical fiber probe, and the photoelectric probe outputs the pulse light signal; if the output electric signal is a stable signal, the reaction type is combustion; if the output signal is a pulse signal, the reaction type is detonation.
The time signal corresponding to the stable signal or the pulse signal is read by the oscilloscope, and the wave velocity of the wave front transmitted to a specific area in the sample tube can be obtained by combining the distance from the igniter to the photoelectric probe, so that the reaction type and the wave front velocity are obtained. And then a complete explosive combustion to detonation process is obtained.
A combustion-to-detonation test of a certain high-energy explosive is carried out based on the photoelectric test system, and a combustion-to-detonation test result of the explosive is obtained by carrying out post-processing on signals in a signal diagram captured from an oscilloscope and shown in Table 1 in figure 3. The result shows that the photoelectric test system can be used for carrying out the test of converting the combustion of the explosive into the detonation.
TABLE 1 DDT test results for certain high explosive
| Signal point location | Time/us | Wave velocity/m.s-1 | Type of |
| 1→2 | 6.64 | 9036 | |
| 2→3 | 6.76 | 8876 | |
| 3→4 | 7.00 | 8571 | |
| 4→5 | 6.70 | 8955 | |
| 5→6 | 6.50 | 9230 | |
| 6→7 | 6.60 | 9091 | Detonation |
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be made by those skilled in the art without inventive work within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A photoelectric test system for measuring explosive combustion to detonation is characterized by comprising a laser (1), a light splitter (2), a photoelectric probe (3) and a post-processing system (4) which are sequentially connected;
the photoelectric probes (3) are fixed in the openings on the sample tube, and the number of the photoelectric probes (3) is consistent with that of the signal splitting channels emitted by the optical splitter (2);
the laser (1) is used for emitting a high-power laser signal so as to provide an initial signal source for the test system;
the optical splitter (2) is used for dispersing the high-power optical signal emitted by the laser (1) into a plurality of sub-signals and transmitting the sub-signals to the photoelectric probe (3);
the sample tube is used for containing explosive to be measured;
the photoelectric probe (3) is used for capturing a wave signal generated after the explosive to be measured is ignited, converting the captured wave signal into an optical signal and outputting the converted optical signal to the post-processing system (4);
the post-processing system (4) is used for converting the optical signal output by the photoelectric probe (3) into an electric signal and obtaining a time signal corresponding to the electric signal at the position corresponding to the photoelectric probe (3).
2. The photoelectric test system for measuring the detonation from the combustion of an explosive to the detonation according to claim 1, characterized in that the post-processing system (4) comprises a photoelectric converter (4-1), a signal amplifier (4-2) and an oscilloscope (4-3) which are connected in sequence;
the photoelectric probe (3) is connected with the photoelectric converter (4-1);
the photoelectric converter (4-1) is used for converting an optical signal fed back by the photoelectric probe (3) into an electric signal;
the signal amplifier (4-2) is used for amplifying the electric signal sent by the photoelectric converter (4-1);
the oscilloscope (4-3) is used for collecting and storing the electric signal amplified by the signal amplifier (4-2) and obtaining a time signal corresponding to the electric signal at the position corresponding to the photoelectric probe (3).
3. The photoelectric test system for measuring the detonation from the combustion of the explosive to the detonation according to claim 1, wherein the photoelectric probe (3) comprises a vacuum seal housing (3-1), a coated glass mirror surface (3-2) is installed at one end inside the vacuum seal housing (3-1), an optical fiber probe (3-3) is installed at the other end inside the vacuum seal housing (3-1), and the optical fiber probe (3-3) is connected with the optical splitter (2) through an external cable (3-4).
4. The optoelectronic testing system for measuring the detonation from the combustion of an explosive according to claim 3, characterized in that the total power of the laser (1) is not less than 200 mW.
5. The photoelectric test system for measuring the detonation from the combustion of an explosive to the detonation of claim 1, characterized in that the power of each sub-signal channel separated by the optical splitter (2) is not less than 10 mW.
6. The photoelectric test system for measuring the detonation from the combustion of an explosive according to claim 2, characterized in that the maximum photodetection frequency of the photoelectric converter (4-1) is not less than 100 MHz/s.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115823973A (en) * | 2022-11-28 | 2023-03-21 | 北京理工大学 | Multi-probe positioning and collecting device for testing detonation growth and testing method |
| CN116659405A (en) * | 2023-07-28 | 2023-08-29 | 北京理工大学 | Explosive detonation critical diameter measurement system and measurement method |
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| CN115823973B (en) * | 2022-11-28 | 2024-04-30 | 北京理工大学 | Multi-probe positioning and collecting device for testing detonation growth and testing method |
| CN116659405A (en) * | 2023-07-28 | 2023-08-29 | 北京理工大学 | Explosive detonation critical diameter measurement system and measurement method |
| CN116659405B (en) * | 2023-07-28 | 2023-10-13 | 北京理工大学 | Explosive detonation critical diameter measurement system and measurement method |
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