CN114504024A - Method for preventing and controlling passion fruit rot - Google Patents
Method for preventing and controlling passion fruit rot Download PDFInfo
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- CN114504024A CN114504024A CN202210206874.7A CN202210206874A CN114504024A CN 114504024 A CN114504024 A CN 114504024A CN 202210206874 A CN202210206874 A CN 202210206874A CN 114504024 A CN114504024 A CN 114504024A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- PXMNMQRDXWABCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)pentan-3-ol Chemical compound C1=NC=NN1CC(O)(C(C)(C)C)CCC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 PXMNMQRDXWABCY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000005839 Tebuconazole Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000005760 Difenoconazole Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- BQYJATMQXGBDHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N difenoconazole Chemical compound O1C(C)COC1(C=1C(=CC(OC=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)=CC=1)Cl)CN1N=CN=C1 BQYJATMQXGBDHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 241000193388 Bacillus thuringiensis Species 0.000 claims description 15
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 16
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- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
- A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
- A23B7/14—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10
- A23B7/153—Preserving or ripening with chemicals not covered by groups A23B7/08 or A23B7/10 in the form of liquids or solids
- A23B7/154—Organic compounds; Microorganisms; Enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/20—Bacteria; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
- A01N63/22—Bacillus
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/20—Bacteria; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
- A01N63/22—Bacillus
- A01N63/23—B. thuringiensis
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change
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- Microbiology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Virology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for preventing and controlling passion fruit rot, which belongs to the technical field of passion fruit disease prevention and comprises the following steps: spraying biological pesticide on the passion fruit before harvesting, treating the passion fruit with a bactericide after harvesting, and storing after air drying. According to the invention, the biological pesticide is sprayed before picking, and the passion fruit is soaked in the bactericide after picking, so that the incidence rate of fruit rot in the growth period of the passion fruit is remarkably reduced, meanwhile, the pathogenic bacteria of the fruit rot carried by the fruit are killed, the occurrence of the fruit rot in the storage period after picking of the passion fruit is inhibited, the quality of the fruit in the storage period after picking of the passion fruit is effectively ensured, the commodity rate of the fruit is improved, and the storage period of the passion fruit is prolonged to 50 days.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of passion fruit disease control, in particular to a method for controlling passion fruit rot.
Background
Passion fruit, also known as eggfruit, is a herbaceous vine of the passionflower genus of the passionflower family, with strong pulp aroma and reputation of "the king of fruit juice". The passion fruit contains 17 amino acids, and 165 abundant substances such as protein, fat, sugar, vitamins, calcium, phosphorus, iron, potassium, trace elements, SOD enzyme, super fiber and the like which are beneficial to human bodies, has unique taste and high nutritional value, and has the effects of diminishing inflammation, relieving pain, promoting blood circulation, strengthening the body, reducing blood fat and blood pressure, nourishing yin, tonifying kidney, refreshing brain, promoting the production of body fluid, quenching thirst, eliminating fatigue, promoting digestion, expelling toxin, beautifying, enhancing immunity and the like.
Due to the abundant edible and medicinal values of the passion fruit, the passion fruit is in a state of short supply and short demand in the market, and the passion fruit is promoted to be widely planted. However, the phytopathogen is widely distributed, various in variety, wide in transmission path and great in harm, so that the passion fruit is easy to be infected by the phytopathogen to cause the passion fruit to rot, the fruit quality and the market value are influenced, and a grower suffers from serious economic loss. However, no method capable of effectively preventing and treating the passion fruit rot exists at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preventing and controlling the fruit rot of passion fruit, which can effectively kill the fruit rot pathogenic bacteria carried by the fruit, inhibit the occurrence of the fruit rot of the passion fruit in the storage period after picking, improve the commodity rate and the fruit quality, and prolong the storage period of the passion fruit.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a method for preventing and controlling passion fruit rot, which comprises the following steps:
spraying biological pesticide on the passion fruit before harvesting, treating the passion fruit with a bactericide after harvesting, airing and storing;
the biological pesticide comprises the following components: bacillus thuringiensis and bacillus subtilis;
the bactericide comprises the following components: tebuconazole and difenoconazole.
Preferably, the formulation of the bacillus thuringiensis is a suspending agent, and the formulation of the bacillus subtilis is wettable powder.
Preferably, the formulation of the tebuconazole is a suspending agent, and the formulation of the difenoconazole is water dispersible granules.
Preferably, the weight ratio of the bacillus thuringiensis to the bacillus subtilis is (9-11): (12.5 to 14).
Preferably, the weight ratio of tebuconazole to difenoconazole is (1-1.25): (0.7-0.8).
Preferably, the biopesticide is sprayed 10 days and 20 days before harvesting, respectively.
Preferably, the manner of processing the passion fruit is to soak the passion fruit with a bactericide for 3-6 min.
Preferably, the storage temperature is 7.5-8.5 ℃.
Preferably, the storage mode is that the dried passion fruit is packaged by a plastic bag.
Preferably, the plastic packaging bag is a PE modified atmosphere packaging bag; the thickness of the PE modified atmosphere packaging bag is 15-25 mu m.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a method for preventing and controlling passion fruit rot, which is characterized in that biological pesticides are sprayed before picking, and the passion fruit is soaked in a bactericide after picking, so that the occurrence rate of the passion fruit rot in the growing period is obviously reduced, meanwhile, pathogenic bacteria of the passion fruit rot carried by the fruit are killed, the occurrence of the passion fruit rot in the storage period after picking is inhibited, the quality of the passion fruit in the storage period after picking is effectively ensured, the commodity rate of the fruit is improved, and the storage period of the passion fruit is prolonged to 50 days.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a method for preventing and controlling passion fruit rot, which comprises the following steps:
spraying biological pesticide on the passion fruit before harvesting, treating the passion fruit with a bactericide after harvesting, airing and storing;
the biological pesticide comprises the following components: bacillus thuringiensis and bacillus subtilis;
the bactericide comprises the following components: tebuconazole and difenoconazole.
In the invention, biopesticide is sprayed on the passion fruit before harvesting. AsIn a preferred embodiment, the biopesticide is sprayed 10 days and 20 days before harvest, respectively. In the biological pesticide, the formulation of the bacillus thuringiensis is preferably a suspending agent, and the formulation of the bacillus subtilis is preferably wettable powder. The Bacillus thuringiensis is preferably 8000IU & mu L-1The bacillus subtilis is preferably 1000 hundred million spores g-1Bacillus subtilis wettable powder. The weight ratio of the bacillus thuringiensis to the bacillus subtilis is preferably (9-11): (12.5-14), more preferably (9.5-10.5): (13-13.5). The method adopts the biological pesticide sprayed before harvesting, can obviously reduce the incidence rate of fruit rot of passion fruits in the growing period, and improves the commodity rate of the fruits.
In the present invention, the passion fruit is treated with a bactericide after harvest. The mode for treating the passion fruit is preferably to soak the passion fruit in a bactericide for 3-6 min, and more preferably for 4-5 min. The formulation of the tebuconazole is preferably suspending agent, and the formulation of the difenoconazole is preferably water dispersible granules. The weight ratio of tebuconazole to difenoconazole is preferably (1-1.25): (0.7-0.8). According to the invention, the passion fruit is soaked in the bactericide after being harvested, so that fruit rot pathogenic bacteria carried by the passion fruit are inhibited or killed, the morbidity of the fruit in the storage period is reduced, and the commodity rate of the passion fruit is improved.
In the invention, the passion fruit is soaked in the bactericide, and then is dried and stored. The storage temperature is preferably 7.5-8.5 ℃, and more preferably 8 ℃. The storage mode is preferably that the aired passion fruit is packaged by a plastic bag, the plastic bag is preferably a PE modified atmosphere packaging bag, and the thickness of the PE modified atmosphere packaging bag is preferably 15-25 micrometers, and more preferably 20 micrometers.
The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the embodiment of the invention, the bacillus thuringiensis suspending agent in the biological pesticide is purchased from Qingdao Ningpo bioengineering company, and the bacillus subtilis wettable powder is purchased from Shandong Lu biological pesticide company, Inc. The tebuconazole suspending agent in the bactericide is purchased from Shandong Biao biological science and technology company, and the difenoconazole water dispersible granules are purchased from Shandong Bainongsida biological science and technology company.
In the examples of the present invention, all the tests were conducted at the passion fruit experimental base at Anlong county, Guizhou, 2020.
Example 1
Biological pesticide: 10 parts of 8000 IU. mu.L-1Bacillus thuringiensis suspension, 12.5 parts of 1000 hundred million spore g-1And (2) uniformly mixing the bacillus subtilis wettable powder and 1000 parts of water by weight of bacillus thuringiensis suspending agent to obtain the bacillus subtilis wettable powder.
And (3) bactericide: 1.1 parts of tebuconazole suspending agent, 0.8 parts of difenoconazole water dispersible granules and 1000 parts of water, and uniformly mixing the tebuconazole suspending agent, the difenoconazole water dispersible granules and the water in parts by weight.
Spraying biological pesticide 20 days and 10 days before picking the passion fruit, soaking the passion fruit in the bactericide for 5min after picking, drying, putting into a 20-micron modified atmosphere packaging bag PE, transferring into a fruit basket, and storing in a refrigeration house at 8 +/-0.5 ℃.
Example 2
Biological pesticide: 11 parts of 8000 IU. mu.L-1Bacillus thuringiensis suspension, 11 parts of 1000 hundred million spores g-1And (2) the bacillus subtilis wettable powder is prepared by uniformly mixing 1000 parts of water with the bacillus thuringiensis suspending agent and the bacillus subtilis wettable powder in parts by weight.
And (3) bactericide: 1.25 parts of tebuconazole suspending agent, 0.7 part of difenoconazole water dispersible granules and 1000 parts of water, and uniformly mixing the tebuconazole suspending agent, the difenoconazole water dispersible granules and the water in parts by weight.
Spraying biological pesticide 20 days and 10 days before picking the passion fruit, soaking the passion fruit in the bactericide for 6min after picking, drying, putting into a 25 mu m modified atmosphere packaging bag PE, transferring into a fruit basket, and storing in a refrigeration house at 8 +/-0.5 ℃.
Example 3
Biological pesticide: 9 parts of 8000 IU. mu.L-1Bacillus thuringiensis suspension, 14 parts of 1000 hundred million spores g-1And (2) uniformly mixing the bacillus subtilis wettable powder and 1000 parts of water by weight of bacillus thuringiensis suspending agent to obtain the bacillus subtilis wettable powder.
And (3) bactericide: 1 part of tebuconazole suspending agent, 0.7 part of difenoconazole water dispersible granules and 1000 parts of water, and the preparation method is obtained by uniformly mixing the tebuconazole suspending agent and the difenoconazole water dispersible granules in parts by weight with the water.
Spraying biological pesticide 20 days and 10 days before picking the passion fruit, soaking the passion fruit in the bactericide for 3min after picking, drying, putting into a 15-micron modified atmosphere packaging bag PE, transferring into a fruit basket, and storing in a refrigeration house at 8 +/-0.5 ℃.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that the passion fruit fruits were not soaked for 5min after harvest with the same procedure as example 1.
Comparative example 2
The difference between the comparative example and the example 1 is that the biological pesticide is not sprayed in the comparative example 20 days and 10 days before the passion fruit is harvested, and the rest steps are the same as the example 1.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example differs from example 1 in that the fungicide of the comparative example: 1.1 parts of tebuconazole suspending agent and 1000 parts of water are mixed uniformly. In this example, the biopesticide is not sprayed 10 days before the passion fruit is harvested, and the rest of the steps are the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 4
The present comparative example differs from example 1 in that the biopesticide of the present comparative example: 12.5 parts of 1000 hundred million spores g-1The bacillus subtilis wettable powder is prepared by uniformly mixing 1000 parts of water; and (3) bactericide: 1 part of tebuconazole suspending agent, and the like,1000 parts of water and mixing uniformly. The rest of the procedure was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 5
The present comparative example differs from example 1 in that the biopesticide of the present comparative example: 10 parts of 8000 IU. mu.L-1The bacillus thuringiensis suspension is prepared by uniformly mixing 1000 parts of water; and (3) bactericide: 1 part of difenoconazole water dispersible granules and 1000 parts of water are uniformly mixed, and the rest steps are the same as the steps in the example 1.
After 50 days of storage, the commodity rate of the passion fruit is calculated by different treatment groups, and the result is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 commercial product Rate of Passion fruit harvested in different treatment groups
As can be seen from table 1, the method of the present invention significantly improves the commodity rate of passion fruit.
The quality of 300 passion fruits stored for 50 days in example 1 and comparative examples 1-5 is respectively detected, and the decay rate and the soluble solid content of the passion fruits are measured.
Wherein, the rotting rate is (number of rotted fruits/total number of fruits) × 100%.
And (3) determination of soluble solid content: direct measurement was performed using a mini digital display refractometer (PAL-1 type).
The results of the different treatment groups for determining the quality of the passion fruit are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 quality of the 50-day-old passion fruit stored in different treatment groups
The results in table 2 show that, compared with the comparative example, the method of the present invention significantly reduces the rotting rate of the passion fruit after 50 days of storage, significantly increases the content of soluble solids, maximally retains the nutritional components of the passion fruit, and improves the storage quality of the passion fruit.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for preventing and controlling the passion fruit rot is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
spraying biological pesticide on the passion fruit before harvesting, treating the passion fruit with a bactericide after harvesting, airing and storing;
the biological pesticide comprises the following components: bacillus thuringiensis and bacillus subtilis;
the bactericide comprises the following components: tebuconazole and difenoconazole.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the bacillus thuringiensis is in the form of a suspension and the bacillus subtilis is in the form of a wettable powder.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the tebuconazole is in the form of a suspension concentrate and the difenoconazole is in the form of water dispersible granules.
4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the weight ratio of the bacillus thuringiensis to the bacillus subtilis is (9-11): (12.5 to 14).
5. The method according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the weight ratio of tebuconazole to difenoconazole is (1-1.25): (0.7-0.8).
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the biopesticide is sprayed 10 days and 20 days before harvesting, respectively.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the passion fruit is treated by soaking the passion fruit in a bactericide for 3-6 min.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the storage temperature is 7.5 to 8.5 ℃.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the storage mode is that the aired passion fruit is packaged by a plastic bag.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the plastic packaging bag is a PE modified atmosphere packaging bag; the thickness of the PE modified atmosphere packaging bag is 15-25 mu m.
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| CN109566630A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2019-04-05 | 江苏龙灯化学有限公司 | A kind of bactericidal composition |
| CN112998183A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-06-22 | 西南大学 | Fresh-keeping storage method of fresh tsaoko fruits |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1473472A (en) * | 2003-08-06 | 2004-02-11 | 湖北省农业科学院 | Fungus preparation for pest control of crops and its preparing method |
| CN107094867A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-08-29 | 贺州学院 | A kind of method for storing and refreshing of passion fruit |
| CN109566630A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2019-04-05 | 江苏龙灯化学有限公司 | A kind of bactericidal composition |
| CN108353708A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-08-03 | 百色学院 | A kind of control method of Causing Collar Rot of Passion Fruit |
| CN112998183A (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-06-22 | 西南大学 | Fresh-keeping storage method of fresh tsaoko fruits |
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