CN114502873A - Sealed and thermally insulated tank - Google Patents

Sealed and thermally insulated tank Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114502873A
CN114502873A CN202080067718.6A CN202080067718A CN114502873A CN 114502873 A CN114502873 A CN 114502873A CN 202080067718 A CN202080067718 A CN 202080067718A CN 114502873 A CN114502873 A CN 114502873A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
primary
corner
tank
joining
insulating block
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
CN202080067718.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN114502873B (en
Inventor
约翰·布戈
爱德华·迪克卢瓦
皮埃尔·朗德吕
塞巴斯蒂安·科罗
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Gaztransport et Technigaz SA
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Gaztransport et Technigaz SA
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Publication date
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Publication of CN114502873A publication Critical patent/CN114502873A/en
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Publication of CN114502873B publication Critical patent/CN114502873B/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
    • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
    • F17C3/025—Bulk storage in barges or on ships
    • F17C3/027—Wallpanels for so-called membrane tanks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B63B25/12—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed
    • B63B25/16—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid closed heat-insulated
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/24—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of pipe-lines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/30—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures
    • B63B27/34—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures using pipe-lines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B73/00—Building or assembling vessels or marine structures, e.g. hulls or offshore platforms
    • B63B73/20—Building or assembling prefabricated vessel modules or parts other than hull blocks, e.g. engine rooms, rudders, propellers, superstructures, berths, holds or tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
    • F17C2201/0157—Polygonal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0308—Radiation shield
    • F17C2203/032—Multi-sheet layers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0358—Thermal insulations by solid means in form of panels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/01—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing
    • F17C2260/011—Improving strength
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • F17C2270/0107—Wall panels

Abstract

The invention relates to a sealed and thermally insulated tank for storing liquefied gas, wherein the tank comprises a first tank wall and a second tank wall, both supported by a support structure and comprising a secondary thermal insulation barrier (2), a secondary sealing membrane (3), a primary thermal insulation barrier (4) and a primary sealing membrane (5), wherein the tank comprises at least two corner structures (1) positioned in corner regions and mutually spaced apart by an interpanel gap (8), each corner structure (1) comprising a secondary corner assembly (6) and each corner structure (1) having a plurality of primary corner assemblies (12) fixed to the secondary corner assembly (6). The tank comprises a primary corner connection assembly (13) fixed to two secondary corner assemblies (6) of two corner structures (1), the two corner structures (1) being juxtaposed to be positioned above the inter-plate gap, and the primary corner connection assembly (13) exhibiting a bending behaviour different from that of the primary corner assembly (12) of the corner structure (1).

Description

Sealed and thermally insulated tank
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of sealed and thermally insulated membrane tanks. In particular, the present invention relates to the field of sealed and thermally insulated tanks for the storage and/or transportation of liquefied gases at low temperatures, such as tanks for the transportation of liquefied petroleum gas (also called LPG) having a temperature of, for example, between-50 ° and 0 ℃, or tanks for the transportation of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) at about-162 ℃ at atmospheric pressure. These tanks may be installed onshore or on a floating structure. In the case of a floating structure, the tank may be used to transport liquefied gas or receive liquefied gas for use as fuel to propel the floating structure.
Background
KR20040095782 discloses a corner structure comprising a secondary insulating block of a first tank wall and a secondary insulating block of a second tank wall intended to form a corner of a secondary thermal insulation barrier and to be abutted together. The two secondary insulating blocks thus form a secondary corner assembly. The secondary sealing film covers the two secondary insulating blocks.
To form the primary thermal insulation barrier, the primary corner assembly is secured to the secondary sealing film and is formed by a primary insulation block secured via an outer face over the secondary insulation block of the first tank wall and another primary insulation block also secured via an outer face over the secondary insulation block of the second tank wall. The two primary insulating blocks are fastened to each other using metal angle portions fastened on the inner faces of the two primary insulating blocks and thus form a primary corner assembly.
Two adjacent secondary corner assemblies of the same tank wall are spaced apart from each other by an inter-panel space. The primary corner assembly for joining is secured to overlie both secondary corner assemblies such that the primary corner assembly for joining is positioned in alignment with the interpanel space. In said document, the primary corner assembly for joining and the primary corner assembly are produced in the same way.
Said document discloses that the primary insulating block is made entirely of plywood or on the outer face of plywood and on the inner face of an insulating foam layer.
Disclosure of Invention
The applicant has noted that the primary corner assemblies for engagement are subjected to greater stresses than the other primary corner assemblies. In particular, when the tank is cooled, the primary insulating block and the engaging primary corner assemblies contract, which has the effect of subjecting the primary corner assemblies to tensile stress.
Bending of the beams of the vessel carrying the tanks also has the effect of subjecting the primary corner assemblies for joining to greater bending/shear stresses than the other primary corner assemblies, which may result in damage to the primary corner assemblies for joining.
One idea behind the present invention is to modify the structure of the primary corner assembly for joining.
According to one embodiment, the invention provides a sealed and thermally insulated tank for storage of liquefied gas, wherein the tank comprises a first tank wall and a second tank wall joined at a ridge and extending in a first plane and a second plane, respectively, inclined with respect to each other such that the first plane and the second plane form a corner region at the junction between the first tank wall and the second tank wall, each of the first tank wall and the second tank wall being supported by a support structure and comprising in the direction of the wall thickness of the support structure towards the inner space of the tank: a secondary thermal insulation barrier supported by the support structure, a secondary sealing membrane supported by the secondary thermal insulation barrier, a primary thermal insulation barrier supported by the secondary sealing membrane, and a primary sealing membrane supported by the primary thermal insulation barrier and adapted to be in contact with liquefied gas,
wherein the tank comprises at least two corner structures in the corner regions juxtaposed in a direction parallel to the ribs and separated from each other by an inter-panel space, each corner structure comprising a secondary corner element ensuring continuity of the secondary thermal insulation barrier and the secondary sealing film in the corner regions between the first and second tank walls,
wherein each corner structure comprises a plurality of primary corner assemblies secured to secondary corner assemblies, and the tank comprises a primary corner assembly for engagement secured to overlie two secondary corner assemblies of two juxtaposed corner structures such that the primary corner assembly for engagement is located above the inter-panel space, the primary corner assemblies and the primary corner assemblies of the corner structures ensuring continuity of the primary thermal insulation barrier and the primary sealing membrane in the corner regions between the first tank wall and the second tank wall,
wherein the primary corner assembly for joining includes at least one primary insulating block for joining,
wherein at least one of the bonding primary insulating blocks is adhesively bonded to the secondary sealing film over or directly over one of the juxtaposed secondary corner assemblies in a thickness direction and over or directly over the other of the two juxtaposed secondary corner assemblies in the thickness direction, with a free space between the bonding primary insulating block and the secondary sealing film and over or directly over the interpane space in the thickness direction, such that no adhesive is present between the secondary sealing film and the bonding primary insulating block over the interpane space in the thickness direction.
Due to these features, the absence of adhesive bonding of the joining primary insulating block directly above the interplate space makes it possible to avoid cracks in the adhesive propagating towards the joining primary insulating block, thus withstanding greater stresses or stresses for longer periods in fatigue.
Such a canister may, according to embodiments, comprise one or more of the following features.
According to one embodiment, the primary engaging corner assembly has a different tensile and/or bending stiffness than the primary corner assembly of the corner structure.
According to one embodiment, the first tank wall and the second tank wall are flat.
According to one embodiment, the primary engaging corner component has a greater hardness than the primary corner component of the corner structure, and in particular, the primary engaging corner component has a greater tensile hardness than the primary corner component of the corner structure.
According to one embodiment, the engaging primary corner assembly has a greater average modulus of elasticity than the primary corner assembly of the corner structure.
According to one embodiment, the engaging primary corner assembly has greater flexibility than the primary corner assembly of the corner structure.
According to one embodiment, the engaging primary corner assemblies are spaced apart from adjacent primary corner assemblies using insulating foam padding blocks.
According to one embodiment, the secondary corner assembly includes a secondary insulating block extending in a first plane and a secondary insulating block extending in a second plane.
According to one embodiment, a secondary sealing membrane is secured to an upper portion of each secondary insulating block of the secondary corner assembly.
According to one embodiment, the primary corner assembly comprises a primary insulating block located in the same plane as the first tank wall and a primary insulating block located in the same plane as the second tank wall.
According to one embodiment, the primary engaging corner assembly includes two primary engaging insulating blocks extending in a first plane and a second plane, respectively.
The joining primary insulating block of the first tank wall is thus fastened to be superposed on top of the two secondary insulating blocks of the juxtaposed corner structure, so that it is located directly above the interpane space.
According to one embodiment, the primary engaging corner assembly has a different hardness than the primary corner assembly of the corner structure.
Because of these features, the different designs of the primary corner assembly for joining make it possible to adapt the element specifically to the stresses to which it is subjected, in order to prevent premature failure of the element.
According to one embodiment, the primary insulating block for joining comprises an upper portion and a lower portion located below the upper portion, the lower portion being positioned so as to face the secondary sealing film
According to one embodiment, the lower portion is reinforced and has a greater stiffness than the upper portion.
According to one embodiment, the lower portion is reinforced and has a greater modulus of elasticity or stiffness than the upper portion.
Due to these features, the reinforced lower portion thus improves the overall strength of the primary insulating block for joining, allowing it to withstand greater stresses or stresses in fatigue for longer periods of time. The same applies if the upper part is reinforced.
According to one embodiment, the unreinforced portion, i.e. the upper portion or the lower portion, is made of plywood.
According to one embodiment, the reinforced part, i.e. the upper part or the lower part, comprises a layer of composite material, a layer of densified wood, or a combination of a layer of composite material and a layer of densified wood.
According to one embodiment, the reinforced part, i.e. the upper part or the lower part, comprises a metal plate.
For example, the densified wood can be a wood having greater than or equal to 900kg/m3Preferably between 1,100kg/m3And 1,300kg/m3Between, e.g., about 1,200kg/m3Wood of the density of (1).
The composite material may comprise an aluminium layer between two layers of glass fibres and resin, a laminated composite material known for use as a Rigid Secondary Barrier (RSB) or a Flexible Secondary Barrier (FSB). The composite material may also be made of a reinforced textile material.
According to one embodiment, the reinforced part, i.e. the lower part or the upper part, comprises a single layer made of a laminated composite material, e.g. a composite material comprising an aluminium layer between two layers of glass fibres and a resin.
According to one embodiment, the reinforced part, i.e. the lower part or the upper part, comprises a first layer made of dense wood and a second layer made of a laminated composite material.
According to one embodiment, the reinforced portion, i.e. the lower portion or the upper portion, has an average modulus of elasticity greater than or equal to 1.5 times the modulus of elasticity of the unreinforced portion, i.e. the upper portion or the lower portion, respectively.
According to one embodiment, the ratio between the dimension in the thickness direction of the lower portion and the dimension in the thickness direction of the unreinforced portion, i.e. respectively the upper portion or the lower portion, is less than or equal to 0.9, preferably the ratio between the dimension in the thickness direction of the lower portion and the dimension in the thickness direction of the unreinforced portion, i.e. respectively the upper portion or the lower portion, is between 0.005 and 0.5.
According to one embodiment, when the reinforced portion, i.e. the lower portion or the upper portion, comprises a layer made of dense wood, the ratio between the dimensions of the layer made of dense wood and the dimensions of the upper portion or the lower portion in the thickness direction, respectively, is between 0.1 and 0.5.
According to one embodiment, when the reinforced portion, i.e. the lower portion or the upper portion, comprises a layer made of a laminated composite, the ratio between the layer made of a laminated composite and the dimension in the thickness direction of the respective upper portion or lower portion is between 0.005 and 0.1.
According to one embodiment, the primary insulating block for joining comprises at least one metal or composite material insert located above or directly above the interplate space in the thickness direction, the metal or composite material insert being configured to increase the stiffness or flexibility of the primary insulating block for joining.
According to one embodiment, the metal or composite material insert thus increases the overall tensile, bending and/or shear stiffness of the joining primary insulating block, allowing the joining primary insulating block to withstand greater stresses or longer-term stresses in fatigue.
According to one embodiment, the metal or composite material insert has a modulus of elasticity greater than the modulus of elasticity of the remainder of the primary insulating block for joining.
According to one embodiment, the metal or composite insert is compressively pre-stressed.
According to one embodiment, the metal or composite insert comprises a leaf curved in the thickness direction.
According to one embodiment, the primary insulating block for joining includes an upper portion and a lower portion located below the upper portion, a lower surface of the lower portion being positioned to face the secondary sealing film or being fastened to the secondary sealing film,
and the primary insulating block for joining includes at least one loosening groove configured to reduce the hardness of the primary insulating block for joining, the loosening groove preferably being formed in the lower portion, and the loosening groove preferably extending in the wall thickness direction and in the direction perpendicular to the direction of the ridge portion.
Due to these features, the relaxation groove may increase the flexibility of the joining primary insulating block, allowing the joining primary insulating block to withstand greater stresses or longer-term stresses in fatigue.
According to one embodiment, the slack groove is formed in the lower surface of the lower portion.
According to one embodiment, the relaxation channel is located above or directly above the interplate space in the direction of the wall thickness.
According to one embodiment, the lower portion comprises at least one pair of recesses located on either side of the relaxation groove in the direction of the rib, the recesses having a smaller dimension in the thickness direction than the relaxation groove.
According to one embodiment, the relaxation groove and/or the recess extends only in the lower portion of the engaging primary insulating block.
According to one embodiment, the lower portion is a reinforced lower portion having a greater stiffness than the upper portion to resist relative movement of the first secondary insulating block and the second secondary insulating block.
According to one embodiment, the primary insulating blocks for joining of the first and second tank walls each comprise an inner face and an outer face fastened to the secondary sealing membrane, and the tank comprises a metal angular section comprising a first angular section portion fastened on the outer face of the primary insulating block for joining of the first tank wall and a second angular section portion connected to the first angular section portion and fastened on the outer face of the primary insulating block for joining of the second tank wall.
According to one embodiment, the joining primary insulation block of the first and second tank walls comprises a fastening aperture formed on an outer face of the joining primary insulation block, and the first and second angular section portions comprise protruding fastening means on a surface facing the joining primary insulation block, the fastening means being configured to be fastened inside the fastening aperture.
According to one embodiment, fastening apertures are formed on either side of the primary insulating block for joining.
According to one embodiment, the fastening aperture extends only in an upper portion of the engaging primary insulating block.
Such tanks may form part of an onshore storage facility, for example for storing LNG, or such tanks may be installed in an offshore or offshore structure, in particular in a methane carrier, a Floating Storage Regasification Unit (FSRU), a floating production storage and offloading unit (FPSO) or other structure. Such tanks may also be used as fuel tanks on any type of vessel.
According to one embodiment, a ship for transporting cold liquid products comprises a catamaran hull and the aforementioned tanks arranged in the catamaran hull.
The present invention also provides, according to one embodiment, a system for delivering a cold liquid product, the system comprising: the above-mentioned boat; an insulated pipe arranged such that it connects a tank installed in the hull of a vessel to a floating or onshore storage facility; and a pump for transporting the stream of cold liquid product from the floating or onshore storage facility to the vessel tank or from the vessel tank to the floating or onshore storage facility through insulated piping.
According to one embodiment, the invention also provides a method for loading or unloading such a vessel, wherein the cold liquid product is transported from a floating or onshore storage facility to the vessel's tanks or from the vessel's tanks to a floating or onshore storage facility through insulated pipelines.
Drawings
The invention will be better understood and other objects, details, characteristics and advantages thereof will become more apparent from the following description of several particular embodiments of the invention, given by way of non-limiting illustration only, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows a partially exploded perspective view of a corner structure of a sealed and thermally insulated can at a joint between two secondary insulation blocks.
Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the primary insulating block for bonding.
Fig. 3 shows a cross-sectional view along the line III-III of fig. 2 according to a first embodiment.
Fig. 4 shows a cross-sectional view along the line III-III of fig. 2 according to a second embodiment.
Fig. 5 shows a cross-sectional view along the line III-III of fig. 2 according to a third embodiment.
Fig. 6 shows a cross-sectional view along the line III-III of fig. 2 according to a fourth embodiment.
Fig. 7 shows a cross-sectional view of fig. 2 along the line III-III according to a fifth embodiment.
Fig. 8 shows a schematic view of a primary insulating block for joining positioned over two secondary insulating blocks according to an embodiment.
Fig. 9 is a schematic representation of a cut-away view of a methane carrier comprising a tank and a terminal for loading/unloading the tank.
Detailed Description
By convention, the term "above" or "over" refers to a position located closer to the interior of the tank, while the term "below" or "under" refers to a position located closer to the support structure, regardless of the orientation of the tank walls relative to the earth's gravitational field. Likewise, "upper" or "inner" refers to elements located closer to the interior of the tank, while "lower" or "outer" refers to elements located closer to the support structure.
The corner structure 1 of the sealed and thermally insulated tank will be described below.
The sealed and thermally insulated tank comprises a plurality of walls, each formed by at least one thermally insulating barrier and at least one sealing film. The corner structure 1 is placed in the corner of a sealed and thermally insulated tank at the junction between the first and second tank walls to ensure the thermal insulation barrier of the two walls and the continuity of the sealing film. In the embodiment described below, the tank wall includes a secondary thermal insulation barrier 2, a secondary sealing film 3 supported by the secondary thermal insulation barrier 2, a primary thermal insulation barrier 4 fastened to the secondary sealing film 3, and a primary sealing film supported by the primary thermal insulation barrier 4.
The corner structure 1 thus comprises at least some elements forming part of the secondary thermal insulation barrier 2 of the tank, at least some elements forming part of the secondary sealing film 3 of the tank, at least some elements forming part of the primary thermal insulation barrier 4 of the tank, and at least some elements forming part of the primary sealing film 5 of the tank. Thus, the corner structure can ensure: the continuity of the thermal insulation barrier and the sealing film being different at the junction between the first tank wall and the second tank wall inclined at a predetermined angle, for example 90 ° or 135 ° with respect to the first tank wall.
Fig. 1 shows a corner of a can, wherein two corner structures 1 are juxtaposed in the direction of a rib 100 and spaced apart from each other by a plate interspace 8.
As shown in fig. 1, each corner structure 1 comprises a secondary corner component 6, which secondary corner component 6 together with a plurality of primary corner components 12 juxtaposed in the direction of the ribs 100 form a secondary thermal insulation barrier 2 in the corners of the tank and a continuation of the secondary sealing film. The tank also comprises a primary corner assembly for joining 13, the primary corner assembly for joining 13 being fastened to overlap two secondary corner assemblies 6 of two juxtaposed corner structures 1, so that the primary corner assembly for joining 13 is located above the interpanel space 8, as can be seen in particular in fig. 8. The primary corner assembly 12 and the primary joining corner assembly 13 of the corner structure 1 form a continuation of the primary thermal insulation barrier 4 and the primary sealing film 5 in the corner region between the first and second tank walls.
The primary corner assembly 12 and the engaging primary corner assembly 13 are aligned on the secondary corner assembly 6 in the direction of the rib 100 and are spaced apart from each other. The space between these primary corner assemblies 12 and the engaging primary corner assemblies 13 is filled with insulating foam padding 16.
The interpane space is filled with one or more bonding pads 9 made of an insulating material, such that the one or more bonding pads 9 maintain the continuity of the secondary thermal insulation barrier 2 between the two corner structures 1.
Each secondary corner assembly 6 thus comprises a secondary insulating block 7 in the plane Pl of the first tank wall and a secondary insulating block 7 in the plane P2 of the second tank wall, the secondary insulating blocks 7 in the plane Pl of the first tank wall and the secondary insulating blocks 7 in the plane P2 of the second tank wall being arranged such that they form a corner of the tank. In order to assemble the secondary insulation blocks 7 of the first wall together with the secondary insulation blocks 7 of the second wall, each of the secondary insulation blocks 7 may comprise chamfered lateral edges, such that the two secondary insulation blocks 7 abut together on their chamfered lateral edges, thereby forming an angle corresponding to the angle of the corner structure 1. Alternatively, the secondary insulation blocks 7 may be assembled to each other via straight lateral edges simply inclined at a desired angle relative to each other. In this case, the space remaining at the ridge between the two secondary insulation blocks 7 is filled with an insulation having a shape complementary to the remaining space.
The secondary insulating block 7 comprises a lower and/or an upper plate, and optionally an intermediate plate, for example made of plywood. The secondary insulating block 7 further comprises one or more layers of insulating foam sandwiched between and adhesively bonded to the lower plate, the upper plate and the optional intermediate plate. The insulating foam may in particular be a polyurethane-based polymer foam, optionally fibre-reinforced.
Secondary corner assembly 6 also includes a rigid sealing plate 10, which rigid sealing plate 10 is adhesively bonded to the upper plate of secondary insulating block 7. The rigid sealing plate 10 is made of the same material as the secondary thermal insulation barrier 2 of the tank wall, so that the rigid sealing plate 10 of the secondary corner assembly 6 forms a continuation of the secondary thermal insulation barrier 2 on the corner structure 1.
In order to sealably connect the rigid sealing plate 10 adhesively bonded to one of the secondary insulating blocks 7 of the secondary corner assembly 6 with the rigid sealing plate 10 adhesively bonded to the other of the secondary insulating blocks 7 of the secondary corner assembly 6, a flexible sealing plate 11 is adhesively bonded overlying each of the rigid sealing plates 10 as shown in fig. 1.
The rigid sealing plate 10 and the flexible sealing plate 11 of the two secondary insulating blocks 7 of the corner structure 1 constitute elements of the corner structure 1 forming part of the secondary sealing film 2 of the can. The rigid sealing piece 10 is made of a laminated composite material comprising an aluminium layer between two layers of glass fibres and a resin, the rigid sealing piece 10 being referred to as a Rigid Secondary Barrier (RSB). The flexible sealing sheet 11 is made of a laminated composite material comprising an aluminium layer between two layers of glass fibres, this flexible sealing sheet 11 being referred to as a Flexible Secondary Barrier (FSB). At the junction between the two corner structures 1, in order to sealably connect the two secondary corner assemblies 6, one or more flexible sealing sheets 11 are adhesively bonded to overlie the two secondary corner assemblies 6, such that the one or more flexible sealing sheets 11 cover the interpane space 8.
The primary corner element for joining 13 has a different structure to the primary corner element 12 of the corner structure 1. To avoid damage to the engaging primary corner assembly 13 from greater stresses than the primary corner assembly 12, the engaging primary corner assembly 13 is modified in structure and/or material.
Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the primary corner assembly 13 for engagement. The primary corner assembly for joining 13 includes a primary insulating block for joining 15 located in the same plane P1 as the first tank wall and a primary insulating block for joining 15 located in the same plane P2 as the second tank wall.
The primary insulating blocks 15 for joining of the first and second tank walls each comprise an outer face fastened to the secondary sealing film 3, and an inner face. The can includes a metal angle section 18, the metal angle section 18 including: a first angular section portion 19 fastened to the outer face of the primary insulating block 15 for joining of the first tank wall, and a second angular section portion 20 connected to the first angular section portion 19 and fastened to the outer face of the primary insulating block 15 for joining of the second tank wall.
The joining primary insulating blocks 15 of the first and second tank walls each comprise a fastening aperture 22 formed on an exterior face of the joining primary insulating block 15. The first 19 and second 20 angular sector portions comprise protruding fastening means 21 on the surface facing the primary insulating block 15 for joining. The fastening device 21 is configured to be fastened within the fastening aperture 22. If the insulating blocks are parallelepipedic, the primary engaging corner module 13 further comprises a corner block 17 made of insulating material, which corner block 17 is located between the two primary engaging insulating blocks 15 and abuts the flexible sealing sheet 11. The corner blocks 17 provide continuity of insulation in which the orientation of the insulation is changed.
The primary corner assembly 12 also includes a primary insulating block 14 located in the same plane P1 as the first tank wall and a primary insulating block 14 located in the same plane P2 as the second tank wall, with a metal angle section 18 securing the two primary insulating blocks 14 together with a corner spacer 17. The primary insulating block 14 is made entirely of plywood.
Specific features of the primary insulating block 15 for bonding are described below. Fig. 3 to 8 show different embodiments of the primary insulating block 15 for bonding.
In the embodiment of fig. 3 to 6, unlike the primary insulating block 14, the primary insulating block 15 for jointing is not entirely made of plywood.
In the first embodiment shown in fig. 3, the primary insulating block for bonding 15 includes an upper portion 23 and a portion located below the upper portion 23 and adhesively bonded toA reinforced lower portion 24 of the upper portion 23. The reinforced lower portion 24 is adhesively bonded to the secondary sealing film 3. The upper part 23 is made of plywood and has, for example, between 600kg/m3And 800kg/m3Between, e.g. about 700kg/m3The density of (c). The reinforced lower portion 24 is made of dense wood having a density greater than or equal to 900kg/m3Preferably between 1,100kg/m3And 1,300kg/m3Between, e.g., about 1,200kg/m3And the dense wood has a greater modulus of elasticity than plywood. Fastening apertures 22 are formed on either side of the engaging primary insulating block 15 from the outer face to the inner face and thus pass through the upper portion 23 and the reinforced lower portion 24. The apertures 22 formed on both sides can fasten the metal angular section 18 even after the upper portion 23 and the lower portion have been assembled to each other.
Fig. 4 shows a second embodiment of the primary insulating block 15 for bonding. This embodiment differs from the first embodiment only in the design of the fastening apertures 22. The fastening aperture 22 extends only in the upper portion 23 of the engaging primary insulation block 15, and thus the fastening aperture 22 is a blind aperture after assembly of the upper portion 23 and the lower portion 24.
Fig. 5 shows a third embodiment of the primary insulating block 15 for bonding. This embodiment differs from the second embodiment in the material used in the reinforced lower portion 24. In this embodiment, the reinforced lower portion 24 is comprised of a first layer 25 and a second layer 26 adhesively bonded to the first layer 25. The first layer 25 is made of dense wood and the second layer 26 is made of a laminate composite RSB.
Fig. 6 shows a fourth embodiment of the primary insulating block 15 for bonding. This embodiment differs from the foregoing embodiment in that the primary insulating block for joining 15 does not include an upper portion and a lower portion. However, the primary insulating block for joining 15 includes an insert 27 made of metal or composite material inside the primary insulating block for joining. The insert 27 includes a leaf portion bent in the thickness direction. In the illustrated embodiment, the concave surface of the curved blade portion faces the inner face of the primary insulating block for joining 15. However, in another embodiment, the concave surface of the curved blade portion faces in the opposite direction to the inner face of the primary insulating block for joining 15.
According to one embodiment, the insert 27 is pre-stressed when compressed. According to another embodiment, the insert 27 is prestressed in tension.
Fig. 7 shows a fifth embodiment of the primary insulating block 15 for bonding. In this embodiment, the primary insulating block for joining 15 includes an upper portion 23 and a lower portion 24 located below the upper portion 23. The lower portion 24 includes a main relaxation groove 28, the main relaxation groove 28 being formed in a lower surface of the lower portion 24 and extending in the thickness direction and in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the ridge portion 100. The relaxation channels 28 are located directly above the interplate spaces in the direction of the wall thickness. The lower portion 24 includes a pair of recesses 29, the pair of recesses 29 being located on either side of the slack groove 28 in the direction of the rib 100. The recess 29 has a smaller dimension in the thickness direction than the relaxation groove 28 and can collect excess adhesive that may migrate into the area of the lower part 24 facing the plate interspaces 8.
According to another embodiment, not shown, the slack groove 28 is not made by machining the lower portion 24. In this embodiment, the lower portion 24 comprises two pieces secured to the upper portion 23 and spaced apart from each other such that a slack groove 28 is formed between the two pieces.
Fig. 8 shows a sixth embodiment of the primary insulating block 15 for bonding. In this embodiment, the primary insulating block 15 for bonding is adhesively bonded to the secondary sealing film 3 directly above one of the juxtaposed secondary insulating blocks 7 in the thickness direction and above or directly above the other of the two juxtaposed secondary insulating blocks of the same can wall in the thickness direction. A free space is located directly above the interpanel space in the wall thickness direction between the primary insulating block for bonding 15 and the secondary sealing film 3, so that no adhesive is present directly above the interpanel space 8 in the wall thickness direction between the secondary sealing film 3 and the primary insulating block for bonding 15.
These specific structural or material characteristics of the primary insulating block 15 for joining of the above embodiments may of course be combined. For example, the engaging primary insulating block 15 of fig. 5 may also be provided with slack slots 28, 29 and/or inserts 27, and/or through-openings 22, and/or a discontinuous adhesive bond.
In other embodiments, the one or more primary corner assemblies 12 may also be identical to the engaging primary corner assembly 13, provided that the engaging primary corner assembly 13 has one of the above-described structures.
Referring to fig. 9, a cross-sectional view of a methane carrier 70 shows a sealed and insulated tank 71 having a generally prismatic shape assembled in the double hull 72 of a ship. The walls of the tank 71 comprise a primary containment barrier adapted to be in contact with the LNG contained in the tank, a secondary containment barrier arranged between the primary containment barrier and the double hull 72 of the ship, and two insulating barriers arranged between the primary containment barrier and the secondary containment barrier and between the secondary containment barrier and the double hull 72, respectively.
In a manner known per se, a loading/unloading pipe 73 arranged on the upper deck of the ship is connected to the sea or to a harbour terminal by means of suitable connections, so that LNG cargo is transferred from or to the tanks 71.
Fig. 9 shows an example of an offshore terminal comprising a loading and unloading station 75, an underwater pipeline 76 and an onshore facility 77. The loading and unloading station 75 is a stationary offshore facility comprising a mobile arm 74 and a tower 78 supporting the mobile arm 74. The moving arm 74 carries a bundle of insulated flexible tubes 79 which can be connected to the loading/unloading duct 73. The orientable moving arm 74 is adaptable to various sizes of methane carriers. A not shown connecting duct runs inside the tower 78. The loading and unloading station 75 allows methane carriers to be loaded and unloaded from, or to, the onshore facility 77. The onshore facility 77 includes a liquefied gas storage tank 80 and a connecting line 81 connected to the loading or unloading station 75 by the underwater line 76. The underwater pipeline 76 allows the liquefied gas to be transported over long distances, for example 5km, between the loading or unloading station 75 and the onshore facility 77, which allows the methane carrier 70 to be maintained a long distance from shore during loading and unloading operations.
To generate the pressure required to transport the liquefied gas, pumps onboard the vessel 70, and/or pumps located at onshore facilities 77, and/or pumps located at the loading and unloading station 75 are implemented.
Although the invention has been described in connection with a number of specific embodiments, it is obvious that the invention is by no means limited to these embodiments and that the invention comprises all technical equivalents of the means described and any combination thereof if they fall within the scope of the invention.
Use of the verb "to comprise", "comprise" or "comprise" and its conjugations does not exclude the presence of elements or steps other than those stated in a claim.
In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim.

Claims (17)

1. A sealed and thermally insulated tank for storing liquefied gas, wherein the tank comprises a first and a second tank wall joined at a ridge (100) and extending in a first plane (P1) and a second plane (P2), respectively, inclined with respect to each other, such that the first and second planes (P1, P2) form corner regions at the junction between the first and second tank walls, each of the first and second tank walls being supported by a support structure and comprising in its wall thickness direction towards the inner space of the tank: a secondary thermal insulation barrier (2) supported by the support structure, a secondary sealing membrane (3) supported by the secondary thermal insulation barrier (2), a primary thermal insulation barrier (4) supported by the secondary sealing membrane (3), and a primary sealing membrane (5) supported by the primary thermal insulation barrier (4) and adapted to be in contact with liquefied gas,
wherein the tank comprises at least two corner structures (1) in the corner regions, the at least two corner structures (1) being juxtaposed in a direction parallel to the ribs and being separated from each other by a plate interspace (8), each corner structure (1) comprising a secondary corner component (6), the secondary corner component (6) ensuring continuity of the secondary thermal insulation barrier (2) and the secondary sealing film (3) in the corner regions between the first and second tank walls,
wherein each corner structure (1) comprises a plurality of primary corner assemblies (12) secured to the secondary corner assemblies (6) and the tank comprises a primary engaging corner assembly (13), the primary engaging corner assembly (13) being secured to overlap two of the secondary corner assemblies (6) of two juxtaposed corner structures (1) such that the primary engaging corner assembly (13) is located above the inter-panel space (8), the primary corner assemblies (12) and the primary engaging corner assemblies (13) of the corner structures (1) ensuring continuity of the primary thermal insulation barrier (4) and the primary sealing membrane (5) in the corner regions between the first and second tank walls,
wherein the primary corner assembly for joining (13) comprises at least one primary insulating block for joining (15),
wherein at least one of the bonding primary insulating blocks (15) is adhesively bonded to the secondary sealing film (3) over one of the juxtaposed secondary corner assemblies (6) in a thickness direction and over another of the juxtaposed secondary corner assemblies (6) in the thickness direction, with a free space between the bonding primary insulating block (15) and the secondary sealing film (3) and over the interpane space (8) in the thickness direction, such that no adhesive is present in the thickness direction over the interpane space (8) and between the secondary sealing film (3) and the bonding primary insulating block (15).
2. Can according to claim 1, wherein the primary corner assembly for joining (13) comprises two primary insulating blocks for joining (15) extending in the first plane (P1) and in the second plane (P2), respectively.
3. Tank according to claim 2, wherein the joining primary insulating block (15) comprises an upper portion (23) and a reinforced lower portion (24) located below the upper portion (23), the reinforced lower portion (24) being positioned facing the secondary sealing membrane (3) and the reinforced lower portion (24) having a greater stiffness than the upper portion (23).
4. A tank according to claim 3, wherein the upper part (23) is made of plywood.
5. The tank of claim 3 or 4, wherein the lower portion (24) comprises a composite material layer, a laminated wood layer, or a combination of a composite material layer and a laminated wood layer.
6. A tank according to one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the reinforced lower portion (24) has an average modulus of elasticity greater than or equal to 1.5 times the modulus of elasticity of the upper portion (23).
7. Canister according to one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the ratio between the dimension of the lower portion (24) in the thickness direction and the dimension of the upper portion (23) in the thickness direction is less than or equal to 0.9, preferably the ratio between the dimension of the lower portion (24) in the thickness direction and the dimension of the upper portion (23) in the thickness direction is between 0.005 and 0.5.
8. Tank according to one of claims 2 to 7, wherein the joining primary insulating block (15) comprises at least one metal or composite insert (27) located above the interpane space (8) in the thickness direction, the metal or composite insert being configured to increase the hardness of the joining primary insulating block (15) in the thickness direction.
9. Tank according to one of claims 2 to 8, wherein the joining primary insulating block (15) comprises an upper portion (23) and a lower portion (24) located below the upper portion (23), the lower surface of the lower portion (24) being positioned facing the secondary sealing film (3),
and wherein the joining primary insulation block (15) comprises at least one relaxation groove (28, 29), the relaxation groove (28, 29) being configured to reduce the stiffness of the joining primary insulation block (15), the relaxation groove being preferably formed in the lower portion (24) and the groove preferably extending in the wall thickness direction and in a direction perpendicular to the direction of the ridge (100).
10. Tank according to claim 9, wherein the relaxation channels (28, 29) are located above the interplate spaces (8) in the wall thickness direction.
11. The tank of one of claims 2 to 10, wherein the engaging primary insulating blocks (15) of the first and second tank walls each comprise an inner face and an outer face fastened to the secondary sealing film (3), and the tank comprises a metallic angular section (18), the metallic angular section (18) comprising a first angular section portion (19) and a second angular section portion (20), the first angular section portion (19) being fastened on the outer face of the engaging primary insulating block (15) of the first tank wall, the second angular section portion (20) being connected to the first angular section portion (19) and being fastened on the outer face of the engaging primary insulating block (15) of the second tank wall.
12. Tank according to claim 11, wherein the joining primary insulating block (15) of the first and second tank walls comprises a fastening aperture (22) formed on the outer face of the joining primary insulating block (15), and the first and second angular section portions (19, 20) comprise a protruding fastening means (21) on a surface facing the joining primary insulating block (15), the fastening means (21) being configured to be fastened within the fastening aperture (22).
13. The tank of claim 12, wherein the fastening apertures (22) are formed on either side of the joining primary insulating block (15).
14. Tank according to claim 3 and 12 in combination, wherein the fastening apertures (22) extend only in the upper portion (23) of the joining primary insulating block (15).
15. Vessel (70) for transporting cold liquid products, comprising a double hull (72) and a tank (71) according to one of claims 1 to 14, the tank (71) being arranged in the double hull.
16. A system for delivering a cold liquid product, the system comprising: a vessel (70) according to claim 15; an insulated pipe (73, 79, 76, 81), the insulated pipe (73, 79, 76, 81) being arranged such that it connects the tank (71) mounted in the hull of the vessel to a floating or onshore storage facility (77); and a pump for transporting a stream of cold liquid product from the floating or onshore storage facility to the tanks of the vessel through the insulated pipeline, or for transporting a stream of cold liquid product from the tanks of the vessel to the floating or onshore storage facility through the insulated pipeline.
17. A method for loading or unloading a vessel (70) according to claim 15, wherein cold liquid product is transported from a floating or onshore storage facility to the tanks (71) of the vessel through insulated pipes (73, 79, 76, 81), or cold liquid product is transported from the tanks (71) of the vessel to a floating or onshore storage facility through insulated pipes (73, 79, 76, 81).
CN202080067718.6A 2019-09-27 2020-09-28 Sealed and thermally insulated can Active CN114502873B (en)

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FRFR1910712 2019-09-27
FR1910712A FR3101390B1 (en) 2019-09-27 2019-09-27 Sealed and thermally insulating tank
PCT/EP2020/077119 WO2021058824A1 (en) 2019-09-27 2020-09-28 Sealed and thermally insulating tank

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CN114502873B (en) 2023-12-15
WO2021058822A1 (en) 2021-04-01
WO2021058824A1 (en) 2021-04-01
KR20220068260A (en) 2022-05-25
WO2021058826A1 (en) 2021-04-01
FR3101390A1 (en) 2021-04-02
CN114502872B (en) 2023-12-19
CN114502874A (en) 2022-05-13
FR3101390B1 (en) 2021-09-03
KR20220065779A (en) 2022-05-20
CN114502872A (en) 2022-05-13
KR20220065826A (en) 2022-05-20

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