CN1145010C - Firework device - Google Patents
Firework device Download PDFInfo
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- CN1145010C CN1145010C CNB008159238A CN00815923A CN1145010C CN 1145010 C CN1145010 C CN 1145010C CN B008159238 A CNB008159238 A CN B008159238A CN 00815923 A CN00815923 A CN 00815923A CN 1145010 C CN1145010 C CN 1145010C
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
- F42B4/00—Fireworks, i.e. pyrotechnic devices for amusement, display, illumination or signal purposes
- F42B4/04—Firecrackers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09F—DISPLAYING; ADVERTISING; SIGNS; LABELS OR NAME-PLATES; SEALS
- G09F13/00—Illuminated signs; Luminous advertising
- G09F13/46—Advertising by fireworks
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Abstract
The invention relates to a fireworks device, comprising a number of light effect devices (14) as a replacement for traditional pyrotechnic stars. Each light effect device (14) comprises electrical/electronic light sources (15), preferably high-intensity light-emitting diodes, an energy-storage device (16) and a control device (17). The invention also relates to a light effect device for use in such a fireworks device, together with a fireworks system, a fireworks rocket and a ground firework in which the fireworks device is included.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of firework device, relate in particular to the firework device that a kind of fireworks celestial body (stars) is replaced by electric power/electronic light means for influencing.
The invention still further relates to a kind of light effect device of fireworks, the fireworks system that comprises firework device and fireworks rocket of being used for.
Background technology
Pyrotechnic has been the field that tradition returns since many centuries.Even that the development of technology has been easy to produce is more touching, more accurate, safety and the fireworks of saying more environmental protection to a certain extent, but its basic principle is with early stage identical.The tradition fireworks, especially aerial fireworks comprise the pyrotechnics projectile, and this projectile is launched into aerial, aloft by being called second charging explosion of boosting powder charge by first powder charge that is called the rising powder charge.When the boosting charge explosion, many pyrotechnics light effect devices that are described as the fireworks celestial body are usually lighted usually and are disperseed.These fireworks celestial bodies provide light and color, produce attracting dynamic pattern usually, form the climax of fireworks display.The sequential that makes described two powder charges igniting is traditionally by first fuse cord and the control of second fuse cord, described first fuse cord provides from lighting fuse cord to making the rising powder charge light required time delay, and second fuse cord provides from lighting the rising powder charge up to the time delay of lighting the boosting powder charge.In bigger more novel fireworks, first fuse cord part is replaced by electronic ignition device.
The effect of pyrotechnics light effect device (celestial body) is the brighter light that forms given color, color composition and the color sequences that may have special-effect in the limited time.Common this celestial body comprises glass or such as the metal inner core of lead or steel, add one or more layers chemical substance, these chemical substances form required color and effect when burning, and layer is lighted in formation in the outside, helps lighting when lighting the boosting powder charge described celestial body.
In known fireworks, the luminous generation of star is based on the burning of chemical substance.This fireworks have many shortcomings.Wherein, this fireworks in use bring fire hazard, because fallen celestial body high-temp combustion, may make ground object or in they drop to the process on ground the object that runs into be lighted.In the operating process before producing, store, transport and launch and using, the danger that described celestial body also constitutes blast and catches fire.
And, when lighting the boosting powder charge, also exist the danger of not necessarily lighting whole celestial bodies.This celestial body that causes not lighting falls to the ground, and these objects constitute the danger of catching fire from now on and explode, and especially danger in children's hand the time.These residues of not igniting also bring environmental pollution, because the chemical substance in these celestial bodies in other respects may be poisonous or harmful to environment.The celestial body of correctly lighting also produces ground zone and pollutes, because the core of these celestial bodies may contain unburned harmful substance, especially when core contains lead.
In the combustion process of celestial body, be discharged into airborne emission and bring other problem.The cigarette that produces in combustion process is not only harmful to environment, and is unfavorable for the visual effect of fireworks.The formation of cigarette causes the luminous effect of fireworks and near the luminous effect of other fireworks to become dim, fuzzy.
Another factor of visual effect that reduces traditional fireworks is as follows: after the boosting powder charge was lighted, the celestial body of each burning was moved into along a path in the air.Motion and air drag cause that part that air-flow is faced in the front that is positioned at of described celestial body cooling, especially celestial body.Because the light that celestial body sends needs high temperature, so cooling procedure has the effect that weakens light, and the effect that therefore reduces the visual effect of fireworks.
Above-mentioned fire and the environmentally harmful factor of comprising caused forbidding in many places the use of fireworks, comprises the city center.
And traditional fireworks take bigger space, therefore need higher transportation and carrying cost.
The last problem of existing fireworks celestial body is the danger when handling chemical substance in working environment in the process of producing celestial body.
In recent years, relating to electron light source, especially light emitting diode (being also referred to as optical diode or LED) technical had significant progress.Because this progress has been produced the light emitting diode higher than former optical density now.And light emitting diode can have less size, and higher efficient is arranged.Therefore light emitting diode constantly is applied to new field.Though light emitting diode was used for rudimentary luminous indication and display unit in the past, they are used for visibility and intensity are had the frontier of strict demand now, for example as the brake lamp of traffic lights, warning light and the vehicles.
Because many shortcomings of traditional fireworks celestial body are not hindered by described shortcoming so need provide a kind of in the above-mentioned fireworks, simultaneously effective and attractive, and the fireworks of low production cost, firework device (projectile) and light effect device (celestial body).
The existing in the past known solution that overcomes some above-mentioned shortcoming.
US-A-5,917,146 propose by a kind of fireworks celestial body new, low fuming composition, thereby alleviate the problem of being fuming that hinders the fireworks visual effect of watching that hinders.
US-A-5,339,741 have described the fireworks of minimizing environmental emission thing, and the accurate igniting and the dispersion of fireworks celestial bodies also are provided.In this case, the rising powder charge is replaced based on compressed-air actuated emitter, and the boosting powder charge of projectile is replaced the electronic ignition device control of traditional fuse cord by electronic delay.Thereby in emission process, reduce the noise emissions thing that influences environment, and the pinpoint accuracy that when lighting the boosting powder charge, realizes being suitable for the projectile height.Yet the fireworks celestial body that disperses from projectile is traditional fireworks type.
Also known in the past flight or the falling objects that contains the electron light source of light emitting diode, the energy and control/induction installation form.
US-A-5,425,542 have described a kind of flight projectile that darts form, and this projectile contains one or more light emitting diode, battery and by the switching device that relatively moves and start between dartlike weapon tip and the body.
US-A-5,725,445 have described a kind of spheroid that contains light emitting diode, flasher circuit and motion sensor.
Above-mentioned two parts of publications do not have the application in the fireworks field, and obviously different with the present invention on principle.
US5,102,131 relate to and are used for the self-evident lightening toy ball of playing night, this ball can be expand or self-supporting, and by on the various surfaces for the ball with portable electronic luminescence component or chemiluminescence lamp of conventional appearance constitutes, fireworks are arranged in wherein.This toy ball also comprises the device that is used for fixing the lighting device in the ball, makes its center of gravity consistent with the center of gravity of ball and switching device.
Summary of the invention
First purpose of the present invention provides a kind of firework device that is not hindered by shortcoming noted earlier.
Second purpose of the present invention provides a kind of light effect device that is used for fireworks that is not hindered by described shortcoming.
Third and fourth purpose of the present invention provides a kind of fireworks system and fireworks rocket that is not hindered by described shortcoming.
These purposes realize that by a kind of firework device this firework device comprises many light effect devices and be used to drive the drive unit that light effect device leaves that light effect device is arranged in around the drive unit.Wherein, each light effect device comprises: at least one electric power/electron light source; Be used to control the control device of light source; And the energy storing device that is used for on-effect unit feeding electric energy.
Other advantage becomes more obvious by the description below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Now will be by preferred embodiment, with reference to accompanying drawing, and the present invention is described in the description of some possible variant and alternative in detail.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 a-1b shows the structure of the firework device with traditional fireworks celestial body.
Fig. 2 a-2b shows the structure that has according to the firework device of electronic light means for influencing of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
In Fig. 1 a, show according to prior art, firework device or more precisely the fireworks projectile how to constitute.Projectile 1 comprises boosting powder charge 2, fuse cord 3 and many fireworks celestial bodies 4.When using, projectile 1 is launched into aerial by rising powder charge (not shown).If fireworks are rocket types, the rising powder charge can be installed in the fireworks and together, the powder charge of perhaps rising can surface-based emitter in.In both cases, fuse cord 3 is lighted in emission process, after one period by decision burning time of fuse cord, lights boosting powder charge 2.This igniting causes all celestial bodies 4 to be lighted, and they disperseed with certain velocity of discharge and direction before falling earthward.
Fig. 1 b is the structure principle chart of traditional fireworks celestial body.Celestial body 4 comprises for example core 5 made of lead or iron of glass or metal.Except pure production was considered, the task of core was to the enough quality of celestial body, makes it obtain bigger kinetic energy when the boosting powder charge is lighted, and realizes the required velocity of discharge, and prevented the stop motion too quickly owing to air drag.This core is covered by one or more layers fireworks chemical substance, the form of the particle 6 that keeps together by binding agent for example, wherein chemical substance light with combustion process in specific light and color effects is provided.In the outside, be provided with and light layer 7, thereby help lighting of when boosting powder charge 2 is ignited celestial body.
Fig. 2 a shows the firework device 11 according to fireworks projectile form of the present invention.Yet in this case, pyrotechnics celestial body 4 is replaced by electronic light means for influencing according to the present invention or electronics celestial body 14.This celestial body 14 is installed in around the drive unit 12, the boosting powder charge that this drive unit is preferably made such as black powder by explosive material, and the firing device of fuse cord form is housed.The purpose of drive unit 12 is to drive celestial body 14 to leave.Perhaps drive unit 12 can be non-destructor, wherein stores the potential energy of another kind of form, and for example the form of forced air is used to drive celestial body and leaves.
In a preferred embodiment, firework device 11 is launched into aerial by the unshowned rising powder charge that is installed in the emitter in normal mode.When the rising powder charge was ignited, fuse cord 13 was lighted.Thereby fuse cord 13 provides time delay, and the time of boosting powder charge 12 is ignited in the decision burning time of fuse cord as a result.This ignition causes celestial body 14 to disperse with certain velocity of discharge and direction before falling earthward.Celestial body 14 does not resemble to be lighted the pyrotechnics celestial body, but they are by being contained in control or the induction installation in each celestial body 14, by other device activation that will describe subsequently.Position and the quality of single celestial body and the velocity of discharge, direction and the possible rotation that outer shape can help to determine each celestial body of the celestial body 14 around boosting powder charge 12.These factors can help the general performance of fireworks display.
Replacement is installed in situation in the emitter with the rising powder charge, and fireworks can comprise a rocket, and the powder charge of wherein rising is installed in the part, especially in the housing that is accompanied by firework device 11.
In another alternative, fireworks can only have the boosting powder charge, and the powder charge of not rising.
Replace using blast/pyrotechnics rising powder charge, other known devices are used in before boosting powder charge 12 blasts, and projectile 11 is transmitted into certain altitude.A kind of possibility is to replace the rising powder charge with the blowing plant that is installed in the emitter, and this can be from US-A-5, learns in 339,741.In this case, igniter 13 will not be the fuse cord form, but electric ignition device, and this installs electronic delay preferably, and preferably by pneumatic transmitter trigger.
Fig. 2 b is the schematic diagram according to the primary structure of electronic light means for influencing of the present invention or fireworks celestial body.Celestial body 14 comprises many electric power/electron light sources 15, energy storing device 16 and control device 17.
Electric power/electron light source 15 is the high strength light emitting diode preferably.Existing various types of light emitting diode that the light of high-intensity and random color is provided.For example, light emitting diode can be AlInGaP type (an aluminium indium gallium phosphide).Other types have AlGaS and GaN light emitting diode.Select the light emitting diode of suitable type, perhaps other electric power that may be fit to/electric power light sources are things that those skilled in the art judges.
If light source 15 comprises light emitting diode, they also should comprise some essential resistance so, are used for the electric current of restricted passage.When use is used for the light emitting diode of fireworks purpose, when reliability and durability are important consideration, needn't resemble other must form for the danger of light emitting diode overload same tolerance limit is provided.When they were used for fireworks, the electric current by diode may far surpass its nominal value, thereby produced bigger luminous intensity.Light emitting diode is usually should be only luminous in time of 30 seconds approximately nearly, and needn't surpass this running time normally 1-3 second, and its life-span.According to the energy total amount, the intensity of realization and the required operating time that consume, find best overload values, be the thing that those skilled in the art judge.
Energy storing device 16 can capacity be emitted electric energy, with enough for a long time supply of electric power give celestial body 14.Most of energy must be supplied to light source 15, but energy storing device 16 also must be supplied to the control device 17 that may contain induction installation 18 with electric current and voltage.In a preferred embodiment, energy storing device 16 is the electrochemical storage element of minicell form, for example lithium battery.Minicell preferably can be integrated in the type of making in the semiconductor chip.This energy storing device 16 can be disposable battery or rechargeable battery, for example capacitor form.In this case, energy storing device 16 also must be equipped with charging device.In this case, must charging before power requirement appears in the fireworks celestial body.Charging must be undertaken by induction, and wherein whole firework device is installed in the electromagnetic field of variation before emission, and gives all energy storing device 16 chargings.Perhaps the kinetic energy in emission or boosting powder charge ignition process can be used for to energy storing device 16 chargings.
In its simplest form that can expect, control device 17 is one to connect the switching device of energy storing device 16 and light source 15 between in due course.
In a preferred embodiment, control device 17 comprises one or more induction installation 18 that is used to detect external event, these induction installations will start or invalid one or more celestial body in light source 15.In this case, control device 17 also comprises the electronic circuit of controlling each light emitting diode, and wherein control device is subjected to the influence of induction installation 18.This control device is preferably arranged like this, is promptly lighted some light source 15 at least in response to the ignition of boosting powder charge 12.
In more complicated form, control device 17 comprises one or more induction installation 18; Digital processor unit, this processor unit also comprises the input circuit that is used for induction installation 18, the memory that is used to control the drive circuit of light source 15 and has program, described program can make control device 17 control light source 15 separately or in groups according to specific order, thereby produces the effect such as flash of light and variable color.The control device 17 that contains induction installation 18 preferably is integrated on a slice semiconductor chip.
The purpose of induction installation 18 is to detect external event as mentioned above, and these incidents will cause the startup of celestial body 14 inner light sources 15 or invalid.These external events mainly comprise the ignition of boosting powder charge 12, usually follow lighting by celestial body 14.In a preferred embodiment, induction installation 18 comprises fluorescence detector, detects flash of light when boosting powder charge 12 is ignited.Perhaps, induction installation 18 can be a temperature sensor, detects owing to the temperature rising that causes is ignited in boosting powder charge 12.Induction installation 18 can be pressure, motion or acceleration transducer, and the physical factor can detect the ignition of boosting powder charge or follow fireworks projectile 11 to arrive its maximum heights the time.Another alternative is that induction installation 18 comprises receiver, and this receiver is to the electromagnetic wave signal sensitivity of coding or decoding, and the radio wave that sends from ground transmitter for example perhaps has the light wave (visible light, infrared or ultraviolet light) of particular characteristics.In this case, can realize the important of firework effect and absolute accurate control from ground, this is especially useful aspect the fireworks synchronization with special time or external event, for example before the lights.Induction installation 18 can also comprise the combination of above-mentioned several situations.
In order to realize enough compact structures, and the present invention is used in practice, it is favourable being placed on all celestial body parts on a plate or a slice chip 19.Adopt the hyundai electronics production technology, can make the fireworks celestial body 14 that contains above-mentioned required parts, and realize suitable quality and volume.Light source 15, energy storing device 16 and control device 17 and possible induction installation 18 can be placed on the same block semiconductor chip 19, thus make the production cost of fireworks celestial body 14 be reduced to cost effectiveness worthwhile, be rich in emulative level.Therefore, in fact these parts 14 of proper number can also be fitted together with boosting powder charge 12, thereby can form effective projectile structure, promptly according to firework device 11 of the present invention.
In a preferred embodiment, light effect device 14 is equipped with the encapsulation 20 of glass or plastics.This encapsulation 20 will be when preventing to ignite from boosting powder charge 12 the protective device of stress, and shell with definite shape, described shape can make celestial body have required aerodynamic characteristics or control characteristic when free-falling.It is faster or slower that this encapsulation 20 can be designed so that celestial body falls, and perhaps can make its rotation if desired.
Represented according to fireworks of the present invention system with for example the rise emitter of powder charge of riser is housed as the firework device 12 of projectile.
Be installed in a unit for example the firework device 12 in the housing represented according to fireworks rocket of the present invention with riser.
The firework device 12 of powder charge of not rising has been represented according to ground of the present invention fireworks.The powder charge of rising is in this case ignited from ground level, and preferably ignites from the so-called tunnel that the ground fireworks are installed.When the boosting powder charge was ignited, celestial body 14 will directly up be expelled basically, thereby formed the fountain that celestial body bright, that fall constitutes.
Employing can be eliminated the existing shortcoming of many traditional fireworks according to firework device 12 of the present invention, light effect device 14, fireworks system or fireworks rocket.In use significantly reduce the danger of catching fire and being fuming, and therefore can be used for being different from former environment fully, in the midtown, even indoor.Therefore, the present invention obviously has the theater of relating to, film and music performance stage The Application of Technology field.
Except drive unit 12 is not volatile boosting powder charge, according to the present invention, these fireworks are equipped with unexplosive rising powder charge, can obtain complete without explosion fireworks, these fireworks can will be catastrophic places at other fireworks, for example indoor, do not have fully and catch fire or the use of explosion danger ground.
Use high-intensity light emitting diode even mentioned especially in the foregoing description, such as the AlInGaP light emitting diode, but the electric power/electron light source of other types, the light emitting diode that contains heterogeneity or production method, existing and variant in the future also all fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a firework device (11) comprises many light effect devices (14) and is used to drive the drive unit (12) that described light effect device (14) leaves, and described light effect device (14) is arranged in described drive unit (12) on every side;
It is characterized in that each light effect device (14) comprising:
-at least one electric power/electron light source (15);
-be used to control the control device (17) of described light source (15); And
-be used for energy storing device (16) to described light effect device (14) supply of electrical energy.
2. firework device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described electric power/electron light source (15) comprises light emitting diode.
3. firework device as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, described drive unit (12) comprises the explosive boosting powder charge that fuse cord or electronic ignition device (13) are housed.
4. firework device as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, described energy storing device (16) comprises minicell.
5. firework device as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, described control device (17) comprises one or more induction installation (18), and described induction installation is used for detecting and will maybe may causes light source (15) to start or invalid external event.
6. firework device as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described induction installation (18) is to one or more factor sensitivity of light, temperature, pressure, acceleration and radio wave.
7. firework device as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, described induction installation (18) is used to detect light, temperature or the pressure that produces when assist device (12) starts.
8. firework device as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, described control device (17) is used for producing the control single source (15) or the signal sequence of light source (15) in groups.
9. firework device as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, described light source (15), energy storing device (16) and control device (17) are designed to the parts on same semiconductor chip (19).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO19995702A NO310589B1 (en) | 1999-11-19 | 1999-11-19 | fireworks Gadgets |
| NO19995702 | 1999-11-19 |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031106536A Division CN1313799C (en) | 1999-11-19 | 2000-11-16 | Fireworks device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1391650A CN1391650A (en) | 2003-01-15 |
| CN1145010C true CN1145010C (en) | 2004-04-07 |
Family
ID=19904005
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031106536A Expired - Fee Related CN1313799C (en) | 1999-11-19 | 2000-11-16 | Fireworks device |
| CNB008159238A Expired - Fee Related CN1145010C (en) | 1999-11-19 | 2000-11-16 | Firework device |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB031106536A Expired - Fee Related CN1313799C (en) | 1999-11-19 | 2000-11-16 | Fireworks device |
Country Status (17)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6840177B1 (en) |
| EP (2) | EP1284407B1 (en) |
| JP (2) | JP4644407B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100667437B1 (en) |
| CN (2) | CN1313799C (en) |
| AT (2) | ATE286614T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU768593B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2396424C (en) |
| DE (2) | DE60017289T2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK1284407T3 (en) |
| ES (2) | ES2235994T3 (en) |
| HK (2) | HK1052548B (en) |
| NO (1) | NO310589B1 (en) |
| PT (1) | PT1284407E (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2258197C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2001036899A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200203750B (en) |
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| US5725445A (en) | 1997-02-28 | 1998-03-10 | Kennedy; Melvin | Flashing light pneumatic playball |
| JP3194885B2 (en) * | 1997-04-08 | 2001-08-06 | 株式会社ゼニライトブイ | Luminescent floating ball |
| US5917146A (en) | 1997-05-29 | 1999-06-29 | The Regents Of The University Of California | High-nitrogen energetic material based pyrotechnic compositions |
| JPH11137411A (en) * | 1997-11-11 | 1999-05-25 | Nokyo Sosai Jigyo Center:Kk | Method and device for scattering ashes |
| US6312141B1 (en) * | 1998-10-07 | 2001-11-06 | Limin Liu | Simulated fireworks lamp assembly |
| CN1142000C (en) * | 1999-11-17 | 2004-03-17 | 王金东 | Electric sound-light type electronic firecracker |
| NO310589B1 (en) * | 1999-11-19 | 2001-07-23 | Jakob Hatteland Kjemi As | fireworks Gadgets |
-
1999
- 1999-11-19 NO NO19995702A patent/NO310589B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2000
- 2000-11-16 AT AT02078815T patent/ATE286614T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-11-16 CA CA002396424A patent/CA2396424C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-11-16 ES ES00978119T patent/ES2235994T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-11-16 PT PT02078815T patent/PT1284407E/en unknown
- 2000-11-16 ES ES02078815T patent/ES2236438T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-11-16 US US10/130,531 patent/US6840177B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-11-16 CN CNB031106536A patent/CN1313799C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-11-16 AT AT00978119T patent/ATE286591T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-11-16 EP EP02078815A patent/EP1284407B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-11-16 JP JP2001538742A patent/JP4644407B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-11-16 WO PCT/NO2000/000388 patent/WO2001036899A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2000-11-16 RU RU2002116678/02A patent/RU2258197C2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-11-16 DK DK02078815T patent/DK1284407T3/en active
- 2000-11-16 KR KR1020027006311A patent/KR100667437B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-11-16 EP EP00978119A patent/EP1234156B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-11-16 DE DE60017289T patent/DE60017289T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-11-16 AU AU15611/01A patent/AU768593B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2000-11-16 DE DE60017282T patent/DE60017282T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2000-11-16 CN CNB008159238A patent/CN1145010C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2002
- 2002-05-10 ZA ZA200203750A patent/ZA200203750B/en unknown
-
2003
- 2003-07-08 HK HK03104838.5A patent/HK1052548B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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2004
- 2004-11-11 HK HK04108891A patent/HK1066051A1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
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2010
- 2010-10-15 JP JP2010232404A patent/JP5038478B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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Granted publication date: 20040407 Termination date: 20181116 |