CN114498907B - Direct-current brushless motor used for dual-power-supply electrical equipment and control method - Google Patents

Direct-current brushless motor used for dual-power-supply electrical equipment and control method Download PDF

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CN114498907B
CN114498907B CN202210397795.9A CN202210397795A CN114498907B CN 114498907 B CN114498907 B CN 114498907B CN 202210397795 A CN202210397795 A CN 202210397795A CN 114498907 B CN114498907 B CN 114498907B
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motor
power supply
microprocessor mcu
circuit
relay
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CN114498907A (en
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孙海荣
韦荣星
陈云生
徐小三
李勤兵
童美成
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Zhongshan Broad Ocean Motor Co Ltd
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Zhongshan Broad Ocean Motor Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J9/00—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting
    • H02J9/04—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source
    • H02J9/06—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H02J9/062—Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for AC powered loads
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/40—Testing power supplies
    • G01R31/42—AC power supplies
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/0094—Structural association with other electrical or electronic devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00—Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/30—Structural association with control circuits or drive circuits
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
    • H02P6/24—Arrangements for stopping

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a direct current brushless motor used for electrical equipment powered by double power supplies and a control method, the direct current brushless motor comprises a motor monomer and a controller, the controller comprises a power supply circuit, a motor microprocessor MCU and a bus voltage detection circuit, the power supply circuit comprises an AC/DC rectifying circuit, a thermistor PTC1, a relay JK and an electrolytic capacitor C1, the input end of the AC/DC rectifying circuit is connected with an input power supply, the output end of the AC/DC rectifying circuit charges the electrolytic capacitor C1 through the thermistor PTC1 and forms direct current bus voltage Vbus output, the relay JK is connected to two ends of the thermistor PTC1 in parallel, and the bus voltage detection circuit inputs the detected direct current bus voltage Vbus to the motor microprocessor MCU; the controller further comprises a power supply detection circuit, the power supply detection circuit is connected between the input power supply and the motor microprocessor MCU, the motor microprocessor MCU detects whether the input power supply is powered off or not through the power supply detection circuit, and if the input power supply is powered off, the motor microprocessor MCU controls the relay JK to be disconnected.

Description

Direct-current brushless motor used for dual-power-supply electrical equipment and control method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a direct-current brushless motor used for electrical equipment powered by double power supplies and a control method.
Background
With the rapid development of information technology, the scale of a data center is also increasingly huge, a machine room air conditioner is usually equipped for a large-scale data center, the machine room air conditioner needs to work continuously for 24 hours all day, constant temperature and constant humidity guarantee is provided for the data center, and the machine room air conditioner plays an important role in guaranteeing the normal operation of the data center.
In order to avoid the adverse consequences that important data are lost and normal operation of other systems is affected due to sudden interruption of power supply of a power supply system of the air conditioner in the machine room, the power supply system of the existing air conditioner in the machine room adopts a dual-power supply switching system structure, namely, a generator, a storage battery and the like are adopted as standby power supplies besides a mains supply, and when the mains supply is powered off, the standby power supplies can be automatically switched to ensure normal operation of the air conditioner in the machine room.
The existing machine room air conditioner generally adopts a brushless direct current motor as a power source, the brushless direct current motor applied to a dual power supply switching system of the machine room air conditioner at present comprises a motor monomer and a controller, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the controller comprises a power supply circuit, a motor microprocessor MCU, a bus voltage detection circuit and an inverter circuit, the power supply circuit supplies power to each part of circuit, the motor microprocessor MCU controls the inverter circuit, and the inverter circuit controls the power on and off of each phase coil winding of a stator assembly so as to realize the start and stop control of the motor monomer; the power supply circuit comprises an AC/DC rectifying circuit, a thermistor PTC1, a relay JK and an electrolytic capacitor C1, wherein the input end of the AC/DC rectifying circuit is connected with an input power supply, the output end of the AC/DC rectifying circuit charges the electrolytic capacitor C1 through the thermistor PTC1 to form direct-current bus voltage Vbus output, the relay JK is connected to two ends of the thermistor PTC1 in parallel, and a bus voltage detection circuit inputs the detected direct-current bus voltage Vbus to the motor microprocessor MCU.
The existing control method of the brushless direct current motor is as follows: when the direct current motor is powered on for the first time, the relay JK is in a disconnected state, the voltage output by an input power supply through the AC/DC rectifying circuit is limited by the thermistor PTC1 and then charges the electrolytic capacitor C1, after a period of time, when the direct current bus voltage Vbus is greater than or equal to the preset voltage threshold value of the motor microprocessor MCU, the motor microprocessor MCU judges that the electrolytic capacitor C1 is fully charged, and at the moment, the motor microprocessor MCU controls the relay JK to be switched on and then starts the motor; the control method is suitable for the condition that the direct current motor is electrified for the first time, when the direct current motor is electrified for the first time, the relay JK is in a disconnected state, and the condition that the switch of the air conditioning system is triggered to trip due to the large current generated when the electrolytic capacitor C1 is charged in the electrifying process of the direct current motor can be avoided.
However, this control method has the following disadvantages: when the main power supply is powered off, the dual power supply switching system automatically switches the standby power supply to supply power, before the standby power supply is switched, the input power supply is in a power-off state, in this period, the AC/DC rectifying circuit cannot continuously charge the electrolytic capacitor C1, the electrolytic capacitor C1 is in a discharging state, the motor monomer consumes the electric energy stored in the electrolytic capacitor C1, so that the voltage of the electrolytic capacitor C1 is rapidly reduced, and at the moment, the relay JK is still in a conducting state, when the dual power supply switching system is switched to the standby power supply and starts to be powered on, the relay JK is in a conducting state, so that the thermistor PTC1 is short-circuited, the voltage output by the AC/DC rectifying circuit is directly charged to the electrolytic capacitor C1 through the relay JK (namely secondary power-on), and at the moment, because the electric quantity stored in the electrolytic capacitor C1 is insufficient, the voltage is too low, and the voltage output by the AC/DC rectifying circuit directly generates large current in the process of rapidly charging the electrolytic capacitor C1 through the relay JK (refer to figure 4, fig. 4 is a waveform of a secondary power-on process after power supply switching is detected by using an oscilloscope), so that when the air conditioner in the machine room is in the process of switching the power supply, an air-conditioning system switch is triggered to trip due to overlarge current, and devices such as a rectifier bridge, an electrolytic capacitor and a fuse tube of a direct current motor can be damaged by impact due to the overlarge current, so that the air conditioner in the machine room is stopped.
In order to solve the problems, the voltage of an electrolytic capacitor C1 is monitored by detecting the voltage of a bus, when the voltage at two ends of the electrolytic capacitor C1 is lower than a preset voltage threshold, a motor microprocessor MCU controls a relay JK to be switched off so as to prevent overlarge current when a direct current motor is electrified secondarily, and the control scheme utilizes undervoltage protection, but by the design, the voltage of the electrolytic capacitor C1 is too low when the direct current motor is electrified secondarily, and when a power supply of a machine room air conditioner is switched, the impact current is still large, and the risk of triggering the trip of a machine room air conditioner switch still exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a direct current brushless motor and a control method for electrical equipment powered by double power supplies, which can solve the technical problem that the direct current brushless motor in the prior art is high in impact current during secondary power-on in the power supply switching process, so that a machine room air conditioner is easy to trip or devices such as a rectifier bridge, an electrolytic capacitor and a fuse of the direct current motor are easily damaged, and the machine room air conditioner is stopped.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention aims to provide a direct current brushless motor used for electrical equipment powered by double power supplies, which comprises a motor monomer and a controller, wherein the controller comprises a power supply circuit, a motor microprocessor MCU, a bus voltage detection circuit and an inverter circuit, the power supply circuit comprises an AC/DC rectifier circuit, a thermistor PTC1, a relay JK and an electrolytic capacitor C1, the input end of the AC/DC rectifier circuit is connected with an alternating current input power supply, the output end of the AC/DC rectifier circuit charges the electrolytic capacitor C1 through a thermistor PTC1 to form direct current bus voltage Vbus output, the relay JK is connected in parallel with the two ends of a thermistor PTC1, the bus voltage detection circuit inputs the detected direct current bus voltage Vbus to the motor microprocessor MCU, when the direct current bus voltage Vbus is greater than or equal to a preset voltage threshold value of the motor microprocessor MCU, the motor microprocessor MCU controls the relay JK to be conducted; the method is characterized in that: the controller also comprises a power supply detection circuit, the power supply detection circuit detects an alternating current input power supply and sends a detection signal to the motor microprocessor MCU, the motor microprocessor MCU detects whether the input power supply is normal through the power supply detection circuit, when the motor microprocessor MCU detects that the input power supply is disconnected, the motor microprocessor MCU blocks an output signal to the inverter circuit, the motor stops running immediately, the electric energy consumption of the electrolytic capacitor C1 is reduced, the motor microprocessor MCU controls the relay JK to be disconnected, and preparation is made for a quick secondary power-on process of the electrolytic capacitor C1.
The controller further comprises a position detection circuit, the position detection circuit conveys real-time operation parameters of the motor monomer to the motor microprocessor MCU, and when the motor microprocessor MCU judges that the input power supply is in a power-off state and the motor monomer is in an operation state, the motor microprocessor MCU firstly controls the motor monomer to stop and then controls the relay JK to be switched off.
The power supply detection circuit comprises 3 rectifying circuits, a voltage reduction circuit and a comparison circuit, wherein the input ends of the 3 rectifying circuits are respectively connected with U, V, W phases of the input power supply, the output ends of the 3 rectifying circuits are connected together to serve as the input end of the voltage reduction circuit, the output end of the voltage reduction circuit is connected to the input end of the comparison circuit, the output end of the comparison circuit is connected to the input end of the motor microprocessor MCU, and the motor microprocessor MCU judges whether to power off according to the output signal of the comparison circuit.
The power detection circuit further comprises a clamping circuit, and the clamping circuit is connected between the voltage reduction circuit and the comparison circuit to clamp the voltage.
Each of the rectifying circuits comprises two diodes connected in series.
The voltage reduction circuit comprises a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3 and a resistor R4 which are connected in series, wherein one end of the resistor R1, the resistor R2, the resistor R3 and the resistor R4 are grounded after being connected in series, and the other end of the resistor R1, the resistor R2, the resistor R3 and the resistor R4 are connected with the output end of the rectification circuit.
The comparison circuit comprises a comparator IC1, a resistor R5 and a resistor R6, wherein one end of the resistor R5 and the resistor R6 are connected with a power supply VCC after being connected in series, the other end of the resistor R5 and the resistor R6 are grounded GND, the middle point of the resistor R5 and the resistor R6 compares reference voltage and serves as a comparison input end of the comparator IC1, the voltage reduction circuit is led out as another comparison input end of the comparator IC1 through the clamping circuit, and a resistor R8 is connected between the output end of the comparator IC1 and the input end of the motor microprocessor MCU.
A resistor R7 is connected between the output end of the comparator IC1 and the power supply VCC, and one end of the resistor R7 is connected between the output end of the comparator IC1 and the resistor R8.
A control method of a direct current brushless motor used by electrical equipment powered by double power supplies is characterized in that: the control method of the direct current brushless motor used by the electrical equipment powered by the double power supplies comprises the following steps:
step 1: switching off the relay JK, switching on an input power supply, and recording as the first electrification of the direct current motor;
step 2: the relay JK keeps a disconnected state, an input power supply charges an electrolytic capacitor C1 through an AC/DC rectifying circuit and a thermistor PTC1, and a direct-current bus voltage Vbus is formed for output;
and 3, step 3: the motor microprocessor MCU detects the direct current bus voltage Vbus, compares the direct current bus voltage Vbus with a preset voltage threshold value, and controls the on-off of the relay JK according to the comparison result;
and 4, step 4: when the direct-current bus voltage Vbus is greater than or equal to a preset voltage threshold, the motor microprocessor MCU judges that the charging of the electrolytic capacitor C1 is completed, and controls the relay JK to be switched on, otherwise, the relay JK keeps a switched-off state;
and 5: after the motor microprocessor MCU controls the relay JK to be conducted, the motor operates according to the received control instruction; in the running process, the motor microprocessor MCU monitors whether an input power supply is normal; when detecting that the input power supply is in a power-off state, entering a step 6;
and 6: the motor microprocessor MCU detects the real-time running state of the motor monomer; if the motor monomer is in the running state, the motor microprocessor MCU firstly controls the motor monomer to stop, and then controls the relay JK to be disconnected; and if the motor monomer is in a stop state, the motor microprocessor MCU controls the relay JK to be disconnected.
The control method further comprises the following steps:
and 7: detecting whether the working voltage of the motor microprocessor MCU is normal or not; if the working voltage of the motor microprocessor MCU is abnormal, waiting for electrifying again and returning to the step 1; if the working voltage of the motor microprocessor MCU is normal, entering step 8;
and 8: the motor microprocessor MCU judges whether the motor is powered on for the second time according to the signal fed back by the power supply detection circuit; if the direct current motor is not electrified for the second time, the relay JK keeps a disconnected state; and if the motor is powered on for the second time, returning to the step 2.
In the step 5, the MCU judges whether the input power is powered off according to the waveform signal output from the power detection circuit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following effects:
1) the invention provides a direct current brushless motor used for electrical equipment powered by double power supplies, a power supply detection circuit is arranged between an input power supply and a motor microprocessor MCU, the motor microprocessor MCU detects whether an alternating current input power supply is powered off or not through the power supply detection circuit, the scheme directly judges whether a double power supply system of a machine room air conditioner is normally powered on or not from an input power end, if the power is off, the motor microprocessor MCU controls a relay JK to be disconnected to prepare for switching a backup power supply of the double power supply system, the voltage output by an AC/DC rectification circuit after the power is switched by the machine room air conditioner can still charge an electrolytic capacitor C1 through a thermistor PTC1, and the direct current brushless motor can not generate overlarge impact current when being powered on secondarily, thereby avoiding tripping of the machine room air conditioner and better protecting devices such as a rectifier bridge, an electrolytic capacitor, a fuse tube and the like of the direct current motor, errors occurring when the air conditioner of the machine room switches the power supply are reduced, and stable operation of the air conditioner of the machine room is ensured.
2) The direct current brushless motor used for the electrical equipment powered by the double power supplies provided by the invention has the advantages that the real-time running state of the motor monomer is obtained by the motor microprocessor MCU through the position detection circuit, when the motor microprocessor MCU judges that the motor is in a power-off state and the motor monomer is in a running state, the motor microprocessor MCU firstly controls the motor monomer to stop and then controls the relay JK to be disconnected, the motor monomer is firstly stopped to reduce the consumption of the electric energy stored by the electrolytic capacitor C1, the over-low voltage of the electrolytic capacitor C1 is avoided, the direct current motor is ensured not to generate overlarge impact current during secondary power-on, the tripping of an air conditioner in a machine room is avoided, devices such as a rectifier bridge, the electrolytic capacitor and a fuse of the direct current motor can be better protected, errors generated when the air conditioner in the machine room switches power supplies are reduced, and the stable running of the air conditioner in the machine room is ensured.
3) Other advantages of the present invention are described in detail in the examples section.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the electrical circuit of a controller provided for the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a circuit configuration of an input power supply and a power supply circuit provided in the prior art;
fig. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a bus voltage detection circuit, an inverter circuit, and a position detection circuit provided in the prior art;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the change of the impact current when the DC motor is powered on twice in the prior art;
fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a dc motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a controller according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an internal structure of a dc motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic circuit diagram of a power detection circuit, an input power supply and a power supply circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic circuit diagram of a bus voltage detection circuit, an inverter circuit, and a position detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating a schematic circuit diagram of a power detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic circuit diagram of a power detection circuit according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 12 is a schematic diagram illustrating a change in an impact current when the dc motor is powered on for the second time according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a logic flow diagram provided in accordance with a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 14 is a waveform diagram of the input power supply provided for the second embodiment of the present invention without power-off.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 5 to 7, the present embodiment provides a dc motor for a dual power switching system of an air conditioner in a machine room, which includes a motor unit 1 and a controller 2, the motor unit 1 includes a stator assembly 12 and a rotor assembly 13, the motor unit 1 is installed with a hall sensor 14 for detecting a rotor position, the rotor assembly 13 is assembled by being sleeved on an inner side or an outer side of the stator assembly 12, the controller 2 includes a control box 22 and a control circuit board 21 installed inside the control box 22, the control circuit board 21 includes a power supply circuit, a motor microprocessor MCU, a bus voltage detection circuit, an inverter circuit and a position detection circuit (i.e., a hall sensor), the power supply circuit supplies power to each circuit, the motor microprocessor MCU controls the inverter circuit, the inverter circuit controls the power on/off of each phase coil winding of the stator assembly 12 to thereby control the start and stop of the motor unit, the position detection circuit is used for transmitting the real-time operation parameters of the motor monomer to the motor microprocessor MCU.
As shown in fig. 8 and 9, the DC brushless motor for the dual power supply electrical equipment of the invention comprises a motor unit and a controller, the controller comprises a power supply circuit, a motor microprocessor MCU, a bus voltage detection circuit and an inverter circuit, the power supply circuit comprises an AC/DC rectification circuit, a thermistor PTC1, a relay JK and an electrolytic capacitor C1, the input end of the AC/DC rectification circuit is connected with an AC input power supply, the output end of the AC/DC rectification circuit charges the electrolytic capacitor C1 through the thermistor PTC1 and forms a DC bus voltage Vbus output, the relay JK is connected in parallel with both ends of the thermistor PTC1, the bus voltage detection circuit inputs the detected DC bus voltage Vbus to the motor microprocessor MCU, when the direct-current bus voltage Vbus is greater than or equal to a preset voltage threshold value of the motor microprocessor MCU, the motor microprocessor MCU controls the relay JK to be conducted; the method is characterized in that: the controller further comprises a power supply detection circuit, the power supply detection circuit detects an alternating current input power supply and sends a detection signal to the motor microprocessor MCU, the motor microprocessor MCU detects whether the input power supply is normal through the power supply detection circuit, when the motor microprocessor MCU detects that the input power supply is disconnected, the motor microprocessor MCU blocks an output signal to the inverter circuit, the motor stops running immediately, the electric energy consumption of the electrolytic capacitor C1 is reduced, the motor microprocessor MCU controls the relay JK to be disconnected, and preparation is made for a quick secondary power-on process of the electrolytic capacitor C1.
After the relay JK is switched on, current does not flow through the thermistor PTC1 any more, and the thermistor PTC1 is a positive temperature coefficient resistor, namely, the resistance value gradually increases along with the temperature rise, so that the current limiting effect is realized.
As shown in the figures 8 and 9, the scheme directly judges whether the dual power supply system of the machine room air conditioner supplies power normally from the input power end, if the power is off, the motor microprocessor MCU controls the relay JK to be disconnected to prepare for switching the backup power supply of the dual power supply system, so as to ensure that the voltage output by the AC/DC rectifying circuit after the power is switched by the machine room air conditioner can still charge the electrolytic capacitor C1 through the thermistor PTC1, thereby ensuring that the DC brushless motor cannot generate overlarge impact current when being electrified secondarily, thereby avoiding tripping of the air conditioner in the machine room, better protecting devices such as a rectifier bridge, an electrolytic capacitor, a protective tube and the like of the direct current motor, reducing errors generated when the air conditioner in the machine room switches a power supply, ensuring the stable operation of the air conditioner in the machine room, fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of current fluctuation of the dc brushless motor during the secondary power-on, and it can be seen from the diagram that the current fluctuation of the dc brushless motor during the secondary power-on after the switching of the power supply system is very small.
Motor microprocessor MCU passes through position detection circuitry acquires free real-time running state of motor works as motor microprocessor MCU judges input power is power off just when the motor monomer is in running state, motor microprocessor MCU controls earlier the motor monomer shuts down, then controls relay JK disconnection, carries out the consumption of the reducible motor monomer of operation of shutting down to electrolytic capacitor C1 storage's electric energy to the motor monomer earlier, avoids electrolytic capacitor C1 voltage to hang down excessively, can not produce too big impulse current when ensureing direct current motor secondary power-on to avoid the computer lab air conditioner tripping operation, and can protect devices such as direct current motor's rectifier bridge, electrolytic capacitor, protective tube better, error that appears when reducing computer lab air conditioner switching power, ensure the steady operation of computer lab air conditioner.
As shown in fig. 10 and fig. 11, the power detection circuit includes 3 rectifying circuits, a voltage-reducing circuit and a comparison circuit, the input ends of the 3 rectifying circuits are respectively connected to U, V, W phases of the input power, the output ends of the 3 rectifying circuits are connected together to serve as the input end of the voltage-reducing circuit, the output end of the voltage-reducing circuit is connected to the input end of the comparison circuit, the output end of the comparison circuit is connected to the input end of the motor microprocessor MCU, and the motor microprocessor MCU determines whether to power off according to the output signal of the comparison circuit; specifically, each rectifying circuit comprises two diodes connected in series; the voltage reduction circuit comprises a resistor R1, a resistor R2, a resistor R3 and a resistor R4 which are connected in series, wherein one end of the resistor R1, the resistor R2, the resistor R3 and the resistor R4 are grounded after being connected in series, and the other end of the resistor R2, the resistor R3 and the resistor R4 are connected with the output end of the rectification circuit; the comparison circuit comprises a comparator IC1, a resistor R5 and a resistor R6, wherein one end of the resistor R5 is connected with a power supply VCC after being connected in series with a resistor R6, the other end of the resistor R5 is grounded GND, the middle point of the resistor R5 and the resistor R6 is used for comparing reference voltage and is used as a comparison input end of the comparator IC1, the voltage reduction circuit is led out through the clamping circuit and is used as the other comparison input end of the comparator IC1, and a resistor R8 is connected between the output end of the comparator IC1 and the input end of the motor microprocessor MCU; a resistor R7 is connected between the output end of the comparator IC1 and a power supply VCC, and one end of a resistor R7 is connected between the output end of the comparator IC1 and the resistor R8.
The power VCC is a +5V DC power supply, and the DC bus voltage Vbus is obtained after conversion by the DC-DC voltage reduction circuit and can be used as power supply of the motor microprocessor MCU, and the motor microprocessor MCU can also detect the change of the power VCC by a voltage detection circuit.
The power supply detection circuit further comprises a clamping circuit, the clamping circuit is connected between the voltage reduction circuit and the comparison circuit and clamps voltage, and the clamping circuit is composed of two diodes.
Example two:
as shown in fig. 13, the present embodiment provides a method for controlling a dc brushless motor used in an electrical apparatus powered by dual power supplies, which is characterized in that: the control method of the direct-current brushless motor used by the electrical equipment powered by the double power supplies in the first embodiment comprises the following steps:
step 1: switching off the relay JK, switching on an input power supply, and recording as the first electrification of the direct current motor;
and 2, step: the relay JK keeps a disconnected state, an input power supply charges an electrolytic capacitor C1 through an AC/DC rectifying circuit and a thermistor PTC1, and a direct-current bus voltage Vbus is formed for output;
and 3, step 3: the motor microprocessor MCU detects the direct current bus voltage Vbus, compares the direct current bus voltage Vbus with a preset voltage threshold value, and controls the on-off of the relay JK according to the comparison result;
and 4, step 4: when the direct-current bus voltage Vbus is greater than or equal to a preset voltage threshold, the motor microprocessor MCU judges that the charging of the electrolytic capacitor C1 is completed, and controls the relay JK to be switched on, otherwise, the relay JK keeps a switched-off state;
and 5: after the motor microprocessor MCU controls the relay JK to be conducted, the motor operates according to the received control instruction; in the running process, the motor microprocessor MCU monitors whether an input power supply is normal; when detecting that the input power supply is in a power-off state, entering step 6;
step 6: the motor microprocessor MCU detects the real-time running state of the motor monomer; if the motor monomer is in the running state, the motor microprocessor MCU firstly controls the motor monomer to stop, and then controls the relay JK to be disconnected; and if the motor monomer is in a shutdown state, the motor microprocessor MCU controls the relay JK to be disconnected.
The control method further comprises the following steps:
and 7: detecting whether the working voltage of the MCU of the motor microprocessor is normal or not; if the working voltage of the motor microprocessor MCU is abnormal, waiting for electrifying again and returning to the step 1; if the working voltage of the motor microprocessor MCU is normal, entering step 8; when the power supply VCC supplied to the motor microprocessor MCU is reduced to a certain value, the normal operation of the motor microprocessor MCU cannot be supported, and the state of the direct current motor in the step 1 is naturally returned to the state when the direct current motor is firstly electrified;
and step 8: the motor microprocessor MCU judges whether the motor is powered on for the second time according to the signal fed back by the power supply detection circuit; if the direct current motor is not electrified for the second time, the relay JK keeps a disconnected state; and if the motor is powered on for the second time, returning to the step 2.
In the step 5, the motor microprocessor MCU judges whether the input power is powered off according to the waveform signal output by the power detection circuit; when the input power is not powered off, the waveform of the port at the output end of the comparator is distributed on the limit line as shown in fig. 14, and is a half-wave pulsating waveform.
The invention directly judges whether the dual-power supply system of the machine room air conditioner supplies power normally from the input power end, if the power is off, the motor microprocessor MCU controls the relay JK to be disconnected, so as to prepare for the dual-power supply system to switch the backup power, ensure that the voltage output by the AC/DC rectification circuit can still charge the electrolytic capacitor C1 through the thermistor PTC1 after the machine room air conditioner switches the power, ensure that the DC brushless motor can not generate overlarge impact current during secondary power-on, thereby avoiding tripping of the machine room air conditioner, better protecting devices such as a rectification bridge, an electrolytic capacitor, a protective tube and the like of the DC motor, reducing errors generated when the machine room air conditioner switches the power, and ensuring the stable operation of the machine room air conditioner.
The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, simplifications, which are made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention, are all equivalent replacements within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. The control method of the direct current brushless motor used for electrical equipment powered by double power supplies, the direct current brushless motor includes motor monomer and controller, the controller includes the power supply circuit, the microprocessor MCU of the motor, detection circuit of the bus voltage and inverter circuit, the power supply circuit includes AC/DC rectifier circuit, PTC1, relay JK and electrolytic capacitor C1, the input end of AC/DC rectifier circuit connects the alternating current input power, the carry-out terminal of AC/DC rectifier circuit charges the electrolytic capacitor C1 and forms the direct current bus voltage Vbus to export through the thermistor PTC1, the relay JK connects in parallel at both ends of PTC1, the detection circuit of the bus voltage Vbus inputs the direct current bus voltage Vbus detected to the microprocessor MCU of the motor;
the controller also comprises a power supply detection circuit, the power supply detection circuit detects an alternating current input power supply and sends a detection signal to the motor microprocessor MCU, and the motor microprocessor MCU detects whether the input power supply is normal or not through the power supply detection circuit;
the method is characterized in that: the control method comprises 3 stages of control:
a first power-on stage: the relay JK is switched off, an alternating current input power supply is switched on, the alternating current input power supply charges the electrolytic capacitor C1 through the AC/DC rectifying circuit and the thermistor PTC1, and the direct current bus voltage Vbus is formed for output; the motor microprocessor MCU detects the direct current bus voltage Vbus and compares the direct current bus voltage Vbus with a preset voltage threshold, and when the direct current bus voltage Vbus is greater than or equal to the preset voltage threshold, the motor microprocessor MCU judges that the electrolytic capacitor C1 is charged completely and controls the relay JK to be conducted;
the operation process stage is as follows: after the electrolytic capacitor C1 is charged, the motor operates according to a received control instruction, the relay JK is switched on to short-circuit the thermistor PTC1, and an alternating current input power supply charges the electrolytic capacitor C1 through the AC/DC rectifying circuit and the relay JK; in the running process, the motor microprocessor MCU monitors whether an input power supply is normal; when the input power supply is detected to be in a power-off state, the motor microprocessor MCU judges whether the motor is powered on for the second time according to a signal fed back by the power supply detection circuit, and if the motor is powered on for the second time, the motor microprocessor MCU enters a secondary power-on stage;
in the secondary power-on stage, the motor microprocessor MCU blocks the output signal to the inverter circuit, so that the motor stops running immediately, the power consumption of the electrolytic capacitor C1 is reduced, and the motor microprocessor MCU controls the relay JK to be disconnected, so that preparation is made for the quick secondary power-on process of the electrolytic capacitor C1;
the secondary power-on refers to secondary power-on of the direct current brushless motor in a power supply switching process.
2. The method for controlling a brushless dc motor used in a dual power supply electrical apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the control method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: switching off the relay JK, switching on an alternating current input power supply, and recording as the first electrification of the direct current motor;
step 2: the relay JK keeps a disconnected state, an input power supply charges an electrolytic capacitor C1 through an AC/DC rectifying circuit and a thermistor PTC1, and a direct-current bus voltage Vbus is formed for output;
and step 3: the motor microprocessor MCU detects the direct current bus voltage Vbus, compares the direct current bus voltage Vbus with a preset voltage threshold value, and controls the on-off of the relay JK according to the comparison result;
and 4, step 4: when the direct-current bus voltage Vbus is greater than or equal to a preset voltage threshold, the motor microprocessor MCU judges that the charging of the electrolytic capacitor C1 is completed, and controls the relay JK to be switched on, otherwise, the relay JK keeps a switched-off state;
and 5: after the motor microprocessor MCU controls the relay JK to be conducted, the motor operates according to the received control instruction; in the running process, the motor microprocessor MCU monitors whether an input power supply is normal; when detecting that the input power supply is in a power-off state, entering a step 6;
and 6: the motor microprocessor MCU detects the real-time running state of the motor monomer; if the motor monomer is in the running state, the motor microprocessor MCU firstly controls the motor monomer to stop, and then controls the relay JK to be disconnected; if the motor monomer is in a shutdown state, the motor microprocessor MCU controls the relay JK to be disconnected;
and 7: detecting whether the working voltage of the MCU of the motor microprocessor is normal or not; if the working voltage of the motor microprocessor MCU is abnormal, waiting for electrifying again and returning to the step 1; if the working voltage of the motor microprocessor MCU is normal, entering step 8;
and step 8: the motor microprocessor MCU judges whether the motor is powered on for the second time according to the signal fed back by the power supply detection circuit; if the direct current motor is not electrified for the second time, the relay JK keeps a disconnected state; and if the motor is powered on for the second time, returning to the step 2.
3. The control method of a dc brushless motor used for the dual power supply electric appliance according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the power supply detection circuit comprises 3 rectifying circuits, a voltage reduction circuit and a comparison circuit, wherein the input end of each of the 3 rectifying circuits is respectively connected with U, V, W phases of the input power supply, the output ends of the 3 rectifying circuits are connected together to serve as the input end of the voltage reduction circuit, the output end of the voltage reduction circuit is connected to the input end of the comparison circuit, the output end of the comparison circuit is connected to the input end of the motor microprocessor MCU, the motor microprocessor MCU judges whether the power supply is cut off or not according to the output signal of the comparison circuit, and the motor microprocessor MCU judges whether the power supply is cut off or not according to the waveform signal output by the power supply detection circuit.
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