CN114495884B - Lightweight design method for acoustic metamaterial and train low-frequency noise reduction composite floor - Google Patents
Lightweight design method for acoustic metamaterial and train low-frequency noise reduction composite floor Download PDFInfo
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- CN114495884B CN114495884B CN202210038532.9A CN202210038532A CN114495884B CN 114495884 B CN114495884 B CN 114495884B CN 202210038532 A CN202210038532 A CN 202210038532A CN 114495884 B CN114495884 B CN 114495884B
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- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
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Abstract
The invention provides a lightweight design method of a local resonance type acoustic metamaterial, which is used for low-frequency vibration reduction and noise reduction of a train floor composite structure and comprises the following steps of S1 determining target noise reduction frequency f Target object The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the And S2, lightweight design of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial. The invention also provides a train low-frequency noise reduction floor, which comprises an outer floor and an inner floor which are distributed in a laminated way, wherein a wood rib is connected between the outer floor and the inner floor, and the train low-frequency noise reduction floor further comprises a local resonance type acoustic metamaterial which is fixed on one or more of the outer floor, the inner floor or the wood rib. The optimization method can optimize the size parameters of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial and realize the light weight of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial. The train low-frequency noise reduction floor can realize vibration reduction and noise reduction aiming at certain specific low-frequency vibration and noise in a train and has the characteristic of light weight.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of train floor low-frequency vibration reduction and noise reduction, in particular to a lightweight design method of a local resonance type acoustic metamaterial, and also relates to a train low-frequency noise reduction floor.
Background
The traditional train floor composite structure generally has good noise reduction performance at high frequency, but is limited by the 'sound insulation mass law' of the structure, and the whole structure needs to be designed to be quite thick and heavy in order to improve the low-frequency vibration reduction and noise reduction performance.
The floor of a train is a composite structure, usually consisting of an outer floor or so-called underframe (aluminium profile), an inner floor (wood floor) and a cold-proof material filled between the inner and outer floors. In order to support the inner floor, cold-proof materials are arranged between the inner floor and the outer floor, and connecting pieces such as wood bones are also arranged between the inner floor and the outer floor. These connections are critical components that transmit vibrations and noise outside the vehicle to the interior of the vehicle.
In the prior art, the disclosed patent names are a noise reduction structure of a railway vehicle floor and a method thereof, and a Chinese patent invention patent with publication number of CN103129570A, in the noise reduction structure of the railway vehicle floor, a passenger room floor is arranged on a side wall of a vehicle body through a water baffle and a sealing connector, a sound absorption material is filled between the upper part of the sealing connector and the water baffle and the side wall of the vehicle body, a rubber buffer pad is padded at a bolt connection part between the top end of the water baffle and the side wall of the vehicle body, and the passenger room floor has an integrated structure of a layer of damping material padded between two layers of sound insulation boards.
However, although the noise reduction structure of the above patent can play a certain role in noise reduction, the noise reduction structure mainly acts on high frequencies (500 Hz or more), and has poor noise reduction effect on low frequency vibration noise in a high-speed train, particularly vibration noise of 200Hz or less, and the mass of the floor structure of the above patent is higher than that of the original train floor, which is disadvantageous in light weight of the train.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a lightweight design method of a local resonance type acoustic metamaterial, which is designed aiming at the lightweight of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial, and can optimize the dimension parameters of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial and realize the lightweight of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a train low-frequency noise reduction floor designed for low-frequency vibration reduction and noise reduction of a train floor, capable of realizing noise reduction for a specific low-frequency vibration and noise in a train, and having a light weight.
The embodiment of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the lightweight design method of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial is used for low-frequency vibration reduction and noise reduction of a train floor composite structure and comprises the following steps of,
s1 determining a target noise reduction frequency f Target object
Analyzing the vibration transmissibility of the train floor composite structure, and determining the target noise reduction frequency f according to the peak value of the vibration transmissibility Target object ；
Lightweight design of S2 local resonance type acoustic metamaterial
The method for lightening the weight of the steel sheet comprises the following steps,
m1, according to the shape of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial, obtaining each independent dimension parameter of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial, and calculating the initial mass M 0 And an initial natural frequency f 0 Taking each independent size parameter as an initial variable;
m2, performing sensitivity analysis on each independent size parameter, and determining the influence degree of each independent size on the natural frequency and quality of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial;
m3, determining the variation range of each independent size parameter and the quality variation range of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial as constraint conditions according to the sensitivity analysis result of each independent size parameter and by combining the geometric condition limitation of the specific application scene of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial;
m4, optimizing calculation is carried out based on a multi-objective optimization algorithm by taking the natural frequency and the quality of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial as optimization targets, and after x times of iterative calculation, i groups of size parameters are obtained, and the i groups of size parameters are used as i groups of new input variables;
m5, calculating the new natural frequency and new natural frequency of the local resonance acoustic metamaterial corresponding to each group of new input variables according to each group of new input variablesQuality, screening out new natural frequency and target noise reduction frequency f Target object A plurality of nearest new input variables;
m6 combining several groups of current mass and initial mass M of current local resonance acoustic metamaterial 0 Comparison, if the current mass is m relative to the initial mass 0 If the variation of (2) meets the constraint condition, determining that a set of new input variables with the minimum corresponding new mass is the optimized size parameters of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial, otherwise, returning to the step M4, and cycling the step M4 to the step M6.
In one embodiment of the invention, the method for determining the vibration transmissivity of the train floor composite structure is to apply vibration excitation on one side of the train floor composite structure, read vibration response and acoustic response on the other side of the train floor composite structure, and calculate the vibration transmissivity of the train floor composite structure by the formula (1), wherein the formula (1) is that
In the formula (1), T a Is the rate of transmission of the vibrations,
is the average acceleration of the outside of the outer floor, +.>
Is the average acceleration inside the inner floor.
In one embodiment of the invention, the vibration transmissivity of the train floor composite structure is determined by a test method or a numerical analysis method, and the numerical analysis method determines the vibration transmissivity by establishing an acoustic vibration characteristic analysis model of the train floor composite structure.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the multi-objective optimization algorithm is any one of a multi-island genetic algorithm, an adaptive simulated annealing method, or a neural network algorithm.
The train low-frequency noise reduction floor comprises an outer floor and an inner floor which are distributed in a laminated mode, wherein wood ribs are connected between the outer floor and the inner floor, and the train low-frequency noise reduction floor further comprises local resonance type acoustic metamaterials which are fixed on one or more of the outer floor, the inner floor or the wood ribs.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the localized resonance type acoustic metamaterial is a cantilever structure.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial includes a b-type block and an L-type block, the b-type block includes a cube and a cantilever beam, the cantilever beam is integrally formed with the cube, one end of the L-type block is integrally formed with the cantilever beam, and the L-type block and the cantilever beam form a U-type structure.
In an embodiment of the invention, the material of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial is a low-density high-modulus polymer material or a low-density high-modulus metal material.
In an embodiment of the invention, the material of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial is plexiglas or aluminum.
The technical scheme of the embodiment of the invention has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects:
according to the embodiment of the invention, the target noise reduction frequency and the mass of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial are taken as target functions, each independent size parameter of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial is taken as an input variable, the variation range of each independent size parameter and the mass variation range of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial are taken as constraint conditions, the natural frequency and the mass of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial are taken as output parameters, and the size parameters of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial are optimized based on a multi-target optimization algorithm, so that the light local resonance type acoustic metamaterial aiming at the specific target noise reduction frequency is obtained.
According to the invention, the light local resonance type acoustic metamaterial is additionally arranged on the train floor, so that the train floor has vibration and noise reduction effects on specific low-frequency vibration and noise in the train, and the train floor has the characteristic of light weight.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a composite structure of a train floor according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a localized resonance acoustic metamaterial according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the local resonance acoustic metamaterial according to the present invention when bonded to wood bone;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the localized resonance acoustic metamaterial bonded to an outer floor in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a right side view of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a localized resonance acoustic metamaterial bonded to an inner floor in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a right side view of FIG. 7;
fig. 9 is a functional block diagram of a localized resonance acoustic metamaterial lightweight design method.
Icon: 1-outer floor, 2-inner floor, 3-wood bone, 4-local resonance acoustic metamaterial, 41-b type block and 42-L type block.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, if the azimuth or positional relationship indicated by the terms "inner", "outer", etc. appears to be based on the azimuth or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the azimuth or positional relationship that the inventive product is conventionally put in use, it is merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and it is not indicated or implied that the apparatus or element referred to must have a specific azimuth, be configured and operated in a specific azimuth, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "configured," and "connected" should be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Referring to fig. 1, the train floor composite structure without local resonance acoustic metamaterial in the embodiment includes an outer floor 1, an inner floor 2 and a wood frame 3, wherein the outer floor 1 is made of aluminum profiles, the inner floor 2 is made of wood, the wood frame 3 is fixed between the outer floor 1 and the inner floor 2, and the train floor composite structure has no noise reduction effect for low-frequency noise with a specific frequency.
In this embodiment, the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 is made of an organic glass, which has a better light low-frequency vibration reduction and noise reduction effect, and the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 is installed in a composite structure of a train floor to form the train low-frequency noise reduction floor, as shown in fig. 2, wherein the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 is made of a high-molecular material cantilever beam type local resonance type acoustic metamaterial.
In order to make the train low-frequency noise reduction floor aim at a specific frequency f in the train Target object The low-frequency noise of (2) has a noise reduction effect, and the embodiment optimizes the size parameter of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 to ensure that the natural frequency of the optimized local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 and the specific frequency f Target object In the same way, on the premise of ensuring that the train floor has noise reduction effect for low-frequency noise of a specific frequency, in order to avoid oversized quality of the train low-frequency noise reduction floor, even if the optimized local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 has smaller quality, as shown in fig. 3, the embodiment provides a lightweight design method of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial, which comprises the following steps,
s1 determining a target noise reduction frequency f Target object
Based on the finite element method, according to the actual geometric characteristics of the composite structure of the train floor, a sound vibration characteristic simulation model is established. Applying vibration excitation on one side of the train floor composite structure, wherein the vibration excitation is a plurality of vibrations with different frequencies, the pressure of the vibration excitation with different frequencies on the train floor composite structure is the same, and reading vibration responses on two sides of the train floor composite structure, and then passing through (1)
Calculating the vibration transmissibility of the train floor composite structure, wherein T a Is the vibration transmissibility, +.>
Is the average acceleration of the outside of the outer floor 1, +.>
Is the average acceleration inside the inner floor 2. By analysing train floor multiplexObtaining a relation diagram of vibration frequency and vibration excitation frequency by combining vibration transmissibility of the structure, selecting vibration frequency corresponding to vibration transmissibility peak value in the relation diagram, and determining the frequency as target noise reduction frequency f Target object Namely the specific frequency for the train low-frequency noise reduction floor;
the target noise reduction frequency f Target object The vibration transmissivity of the floor composite structure may be analyzed, or only the average acceleration inside the inner floor 2 may be analyzed and determined based on the average acceleration inside the inner floor 2. Target noise reduction frequency f Target object Besides the determination of the sound-vibration characteristic analysis model of the train floor composite structure established by adopting a finite element method, the determination can also be determined by adopting other numerical analysis methods, such as a 2.5D wave number finite element method, a statistical energy analysis method and the like. The determination of the target noise reduction frequency may also be determined by experimental methods, such as acoustic laboratory tests, line tests, and the like.
Lightweight design of S2 local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4
In the embodiment, the optimization of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 is realized by adopting a multi-island genetic algorithm, and the mass of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 is minimized on the premise that the natural frequency of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 is the same as the target noise reduction frequency. It should be noted that, the lightweight optimization of the local resonance acoustic metamaterial 4 may be completed by a multi-objective optimization algorithm such as an adaptive simulated annealing method or a neural network algorithm.
Specifically, the lightweight optimization method in this embodiment includes the steps of,
m1 obtains each independent dimension parameter of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial according to the shape of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4. In the cantilever beam type local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 adopted in the embodiment, the cantilever beam type local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 is of an equal thickness structure and is integrally formed by a b-type block 41 and an L-type block 42, an XYZ three-axis coordinate system is established in fig. 2, the X axis is defined along the horizontal direction in the drawing, the Y axis is defined along the vertical direction in the drawing, the Z axis is defined along the direction inwards of the vertical paper surface in the drawing, in the cantilever beam type local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4, the length of each side parallel to the X axis on the X axis and the distance between two adjacent sides parallel to the Y axis along the X axis are respectively X1, X2, X3, X4, Y1, Y3, Y4, and the distance between two adjacent sides parallel to the Y axis on the Y axis are respectively Y1, Y2, Y3, Y4, and the length of each side parallel to the Z axis on the Z axis are respectively X1, X2, X3, X4, Y1, Y3, Y4, and Z1 as initial dimension parameters.
After obtaining the initial dimension parameter of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4, calculating the initial mass m of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 according to the initial dimension parameter 0 And an initial natural frequency f 0 。
And M2, performing sensitivity analysis on each independent dimension parameter, and determining the influence degree of each independent dimension on the natural frequency and the quality of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4.
And M3, determining the variation range of each independent size parameter and the mass variation range of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 as constraint conditions according to the sensitivity analysis result of each independent size parameter and the geometric condition limitation of the specific application scene of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4. The constraint in this embodiment is that the total height of the localized resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 is limited not to exceed the height of the wood bone 3, and the mass gain of the localized resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 is limited not to exceed 2%. By limiting the overall height, the localized resonance acoustic metamaterial 4 is prevented from being unable to be installed in the train floor composite structure, and the value of the mass gain range can be increased or decreased as required.
And M4, taking the natural frequency of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 as a preferential optimization target, carrying out optimization calculation based on a multi-target optimization algorithm, obtaining i groups of size parameters after 5000 times of iterative calculation, and taking the i groups of size parameters as i groups of new input variables. The number of iterations and the value of i are set by those skilled in the art.
M5, calculating the new natural frequency and the new mass of the local resonance acoustic metamaterial corresponding to each group of new input variables according to each new input variable selected in the step M4, and screening out the new natural frequency and the target noise reduction frequency f Target object A plurality of nearest new input variables;
m6 combining several groups of current mass and initial mass M of current local resonance acoustic metamaterial 0 Comparison, if the current mass is m relative to the initial mass 0 If the variation of (2) meets the constraint condition, determining that a set of new input variables with the minimum new mass corresponds to the optimized size parameters of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial, otherwise, returning to the step M4, and circulating the step M4 to the step M6;
the latest input variable output in the step M6 is the optimized size parameter, which corresponds to the optimized local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the target noise reduction frequency and the mass of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 are taken as target functions, each independent size parameter of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 is taken as an input variable, the change range of each independent size parameter and the mass change range of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 are taken as constraint conditions, the natural frequency and the mass of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 are taken as output parameters, and the size parameters of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 are optimized based on a multi-target optimization algorithm, so that the light local resonance type acoustic metamaterial aiming at the specific target noise reduction frequency is obtained.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1 to 8, the present embodiment provides a train low frequency noise reduction floor, which includes an outer floor 1 and an inner floor 2 which are laminated and distributed, wherein the outer floor 1 is made of aluminum profiles, the inner floor 2 is made of wood, the outer floor 1 and the inner floor 2 are connected by a wood frame 3, so that the train low frequency noise reduction floor aims at a target noise reduction frequency f Target object The embodiment has the low-frequency vibration reduction and noise reduction effects, the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 is additionally arranged between the outer floor 1 and the inner floor 2, the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 is an cantilever beam type local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 made of organic glass, the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 can be adhered to the surface of the outer floor 1, the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 can be adhered to the surface of the inner floor 2, the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 can be adhered to the surface of the wood frame 3, and if the size of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 allows,the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 can be bonded on the surfaces of the outer floor 1, the inner floor 2 and the wood frame 3. Meanwhile, in order to prevent the mass of the train low-frequency noise reduction floor from being overlarge due to the fact that the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 is added, the size of the train low-frequency noise reduction floor is optimized through the lightweight design method of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4.
The localized resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 may be a low-density and high-modulus polymer material or a low-density and high-modulus metal material, such as organic glass, and a metal material such as aluminum.
In order to determine the optimal installation position of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 on the floor composite structure, the embodiment is based on a finite element model of a train low-frequency noise reduction floor, and considering the feasibility of practical application, the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 is respectively installed on the lower surface of a wood floor, two sides of a wood frame 3 and the upper surface of an aluminum profile, and the vibration transmission characteristic of the analysis structure and the vibration and sound radiation characteristics above the wood floor are calculated. And finally, the low-frequency vibration reduction performance is evaluated according to the vibration and sound radiation characteristics above the wood floor, and the optimal installation position is determined.
The finite element calculation result of the train low-frequency noise reduction floor shows that when the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 is arranged on the lower surface of the wood floor, the target noise reduction frequency f can be reduced Target object The effect of reducing the vibration transmission rate by 93.3 percent is achieved, and the weight gain of the train low-frequency noise reduction floor is only 1.8 percent. When the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 is respectively arranged on the lower surface of the wood floor, the two sides of the wood frame 3 and the upper surface of the aluminum profile, for low frequencies within 200Hz, the vibration acceleration of the train low-frequency noise reduction floor can be respectively reduced by 2.9dB,0.2dB and 1.7dB, and the radiation sound power of the train low-frequency noise reduction floor can be respectively reduced by 3.9dB,0.3dB and 1.7dB
Therefore, according to the surface of the finite element calculation result, when the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 is fixed on the lower surface of the wood floor, the noise reduction effect of the train low-frequency noise reduction floor is optimal.
In this embodiment, the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 is in a cantilever structure, the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 comprises a b-shaped block 41 and an L-shaped block 42, the b-shaped block 41 comprises a cube and a cantilever beam, the cantilever beam and the cube are integrally formed, one end of the L-shaped block 42 and the cantilever beam are integrally formed, and the L-shaped block 42 and the cantilever beam form a U-shaped structure.
According to the embodiment, the light local resonance type acoustic metamaterial 4 is additionally arranged on the train floor, so that the train floor has vibration reduction and noise reduction effects on specific low-frequency vibration and noise in a train, and the train floor has the characteristic of light weight.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The lightweight design method of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial is characterized by comprising the following steps of,
s1 determining a target noise reduction frequency f Target object
Analyzing the vibration transmissibility of the train floor composite structure, and determining the target noise reduction frequency f according to the peak value of the vibration transmissibility Target object ；
The method for determining the vibration transmissivity of the train floor composite structure comprises the steps of applying vibration excitation on one side of the train floor composite structure, reading vibration response and acoustic response on the other side of the train floor composite structure, and calculating the vibration transmissivity of the train floor composite structure through a formula (1), wherein the formula (1) is as follows:
in the formula (1), the components are as follows,
is the vibration transmissibility, +.>
Is the average acceleration of the outside of the outer floor, +.>
Is the average acceleration inside the inner floor;
obtaining a relation diagram of vibration frequency and vibration excitation frequency by analyzing the vibration transmissibility of the train floor composite structure, selecting the vibration frequency corresponding to the vibration transmissibility peak value in the relation diagram, and determining the frequency as a target noise reduction frequency f Target object Namely the specific frequency for the train low-frequency noise reduction floor;
lightweight design of S2 local resonance type acoustic metamaterial
The method of lightweight design includes the steps of,
m1, according to the shape of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial, obtaining each independent dimension parameter of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial, and calculating the initial mass M 0 And an initial natural frequency f 0 Taking each independent size parameter as an initial variable;
m2, performing sensitivity analysis on each independent size parameter, and determining the influence degree of each independent size on the natural frequency and quality of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial;
m3, determining the variation range of each independent size parameter and the quality variation range of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial as constraint conditions according to the sensitivity analysis result of each independent size parameter and by combining the geometric condition limitation of the specific application scene of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial;
m4, optimizing calculation is carried out based on a multi-objective optimization algorithm by taking the natural frequency and the quality of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial as optimization targets, and after x times of iterative calculation, i groups of size parameters are obtained, and the i groups of size parameters are used as i groups of new input variables;
m5, calculating the new natural frequency and the new mass of the local resonance acoustic metamaterial corresponding to each group of new input variables according to each group of new input variables, and screening out the new natural frequency and the targetTarget noise reduction frequency f Target object A plurality of nearest new input variables;
m6 combining several groups of current mass and initial mass M of current local resonance acoustic metamaterial 0 Comparison, if the current mass is m relative to the initial mass 0 If the variation of (2) meets the constraint condition, determining that a set of new input variables with the minimum corresponding new mass is the optimized size parameters of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial, otherwise, returning to the step M4, and cycling the step M4 to the step M6.
2. The method for designing the lightweight of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein,
and determining the vibration transmissibility of the train floor composite structure by adopting a finite element method or a numerical analysis method, wherein the finite element method and the numerical analysis method both determine the vibration transmissibility by establishing an acoustic vibration characteristic analysis model of the train floor composite structure.
3. The method for designing the lightweight of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein,
the multi-objective optimization algorithm is any one of a multi-island genetic algorithm, a self-adaptive simulated annealing method or a neural network algorithm.
4. The train low-frequency noise reduction floor comprises an outer floor and an inner floor which are distributed in a laminated way, wherein wood ribs are connected between the outer floor and the inner floor,
the method also comprises the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial obtained by the lightweight design method of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
the localized resonance acoustic metamaterial is fixed to one or more of an outer floor, an inner floor, or wood bones.
5. The train low frequency noise reduction floor according to claim 4, wherein,
the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial is of a cantilever type structure.
6. The train low frequency noise reduction floor according to claim 5, wherein,
the localized resonance type acoustic metamaterial comprises a b-type block and an L-type block,
the b-shaped block comprises a cube and a cantilever beam, the cantilever beam and the cube are integrally formed,
one end of the L-shaped block and the cantilever beam are integrally formed, and the L-shaped block and the cantilever beam form a U-shaped structure.
7. The train low frequency noise reduction floor according to claim 4, wherein,
the material of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial is a high polymer material with low density and high modulus or a metal material with low density and high modulus.
8. The train low frequency noise reduction floor according to claim 7, wherein,
the material of the local resonance type acoustic metamaterial is organic glass or aluminum.
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