CN114495676A - Simulation model for visual discrete fracture-cave network reservoir physical experiment - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a simulation model for a visual discrete fracture-cave network reservoir physical experiment, which comprises a unit model formed by bonding two pieces of organic glass, wherein a crack and a karst cave structure are arranged on the inner side of the unit model, two opposite angles of the unit model are respectively provided with an inlet end and an outlet end, and the unit model comprises a single-crack model, a single-crack-single-cave series model, a single-crack-double-cave series model and a single-crack-single-cave parallel model; the unit models comprise single-slit models, single-slit-single-hole series models, single-slit-double-hole series models and single-slit-single-hole parallel models, and the unit models can be combined in multiple ways, so that in a physical model experiment aiming at the displacement of the fracture-cavity type oil reservoir, a 14-type unit model combination mode can be designed, the displacement effect is closer to the fluid flow state in the actual oil reservoir, the fluid flow rule in the fracture-cavity type oil reservoir can be comprehensively summarized, and the method is efficient and convenient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of physical experiment models, and particularly relates to a simulation model for a visual discrete fracture-cave network reservoir physical experiment.
Background
The carbonate fracture-cavity oil reservoir is an important plate in the field of oil-gas exploration and development in China, the seepage storage space of the reservoir is mainly composed of fracture-cavities, the matrix does not have the seepage storage capacity, and the fractures and the cavities are irregularly distributed in the matrix. Different from the conventional clastic rock oil reservoir, the fracture-cavity carbonate oil reservoir has the most remarkable characteristics of multiscale and strong heterogeneity of the fracture-cavity, so that the characteristics of anisotropy and dispersion of a reservoir are prominent, the oil-water distribution in the reservoir is complex, and the flow of fluid in the fracture-cavity has a special flow rule, so that the development of the oil-gas reservoir has a great deal of difficulty.
The physical simulation experiment is the most intuitive method for researching the fluid flow rule, and the physical model is the basis of the physical simulation experiment. The existing fracture-cavity type oil reservoir physical model mainly comprises a glass tube model, an etching flat plate model, a pouring irregular model, a rock core fracture-cavity model and the like, and model materials mainly comprise glass, organic glass, a rock core and resin. The fracture-cavity type oil reservoir core is poor in representativeness and cannot be visualized; the resin casting model has high cost and cannot be reused; the glass tube has poor pressure resistance and temperature resistance and cannot meet the experimental requirements. The organic glass has the advantages of high transparency, easiness in machining, good chemical stability, high temperature resistance, low price and the like, has the highest cost performance, and can meet the requirement of experiment precision, so that the visual organic glass is selected as an experiment material.
Because the distribution of the fracture-cavity in the fracture-cavity oil reservoir has discreteness, the existing indoor experimental simulation model has insufficient representativeness. When describing the distribution of the fracture-vugs, the model often has the problems of large deviation between the size of the fracture-vugs and the actual size of the oil reservoir, incomplete configuration relation of the fracture-vugs and the like, and directly influences the research on the fluid flow rule. The model making process is complex, the function is single, and the cost is high, which is also one of the common problems. In addition, part of models are difficult to visualize, temperature and pressure resistance is poor, and experimental conditions cannot be met, so that the simulation process is influenced, and the accuracy of a simulation result is also influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a simulation model for a visual discrete fracture-cave network reservoir physical experiment to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a simulation model for a visual discrete fracture-cave network reservoir physical experiment comprises a unit model formed by bonding two pieces of organic glass, wherein a crack and a karst cave structure are arranged on the inner side of the unit model, two opposite corners of the unit model are respectively provided with an inlet end and an outlet end, and the unit model comprises a single-crack model, a single-crack-single-cave series model, a single-crack-double-cave series model and a single-crack-single-cave parallel model;
the inlet end and the outlet end in the single-slit model are connected only by a slit;
in the single-slit single-cave series model, the inlet end and the outlet end are connected by a crack and a karst cave, the crack cuts through the karst cave, and the crack and the karst cave are in series relation;
in the single-slit double-cave series model, an inlet end and an outlet end are connected by a slit and a karst cave, and the slit and the two karst caves are arranged in series;
in the single-slit single-cave parallel model, the inlet end and the outlet end are connected by a slit and a karst cave, two slits and two karst caves are arranged, the single slit and the single karst cave are in a series connection relationship, and the two slits are connected in parallel.
Furthermore, the unit model is made of square plane organic glass with the side length of 20cm multiplied by 20cm and the thickness of 2cm, the adhesive is resin, a crack and a karst cave structure are machined on the inner side of each piece of organic glass through a milling machine, and the inlet end and the outlet end are both cut into corners.
Furthermore, the width of a crack in the single-crack model is 1mm or 2 mm.
Furthermore, in the single-slit single-hole series model, the width of the slit is 1mm or 2mm, and the diameter of the karst cave is 1cm or 2 cm.
Furthermore, in the single-slit double-hole series model, the width of a slit is 1mm or 2mm, and the diameters of two karst caves are 1cm or 2cm respectively.
Furthermore, in the single-slit single-hole parallel model, the widths of two slits are 1mm or 2mm respectively, and the diameters of two karst caves are 1cm or 2cm respectively.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the unit model comprises a single-slit model, a single-slit-single-hole series model, a single-slit-double-hole series model and a single-slit-single-hole parallel model, the internal structure of a slit-hole reservoir stratum is reduced to the maximum extent, the displacement effect is closer to the fluid flow state in an actual oil reservoir, the unit models are combined in various ways, 4 large-class 14 small-class unit model combination modes are summarized according to the slit-hole type in the unit models, a typical slit-hole structure is systematically proposed in a displacement physical model experiment aiming at the slit-hole oil reservoir, the 14-class unit model combination modes can be designed on the basis of considering the slit-hole configuration relationship in the actual reservoir stratum, the communication relationship of the slits in the actual reservoir stratum is summarized, the internal structure of the slit-hole reservoir stratum is reduced to the maximum extent, and the displacement effect is closer to the fluid flow state in the actual oil reservoir, the method can comprehensively summarize the fluid flow rule in the fracture-cavity oil reservoir, and is efficient and convenient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a single seam model according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a single slit-single hole tandem model according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a single slit-double hole tandem model according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a single slit-single hole parallel model structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a structural diagram illustrating that 4 unit models are composed of the same class according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of 4 unit models composed of two categories according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a structural diagram illustrating a structure of 4 unit models composed of three categories according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a structural diagram illustrating a structure of 4 unit models composed of four classes according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the present invention provides a technical solution: a simulation model for a visual discrete fracture-cave network reservoir physical experiment comprises a unit model formed by bonding two pieces of organic glass, wherein the unit model is made of square planar organic glass with the side length of 20cm multiplied by 20cm and the thickness of 2cm, and a bonding agent is resin.
The inner side of the unit model is provided with a crack and a karst cave structure, and the crack and the karst cave structure are formed by milling and turning the inner side of each piece of organic glass.
An inlet end and an outlet end are respectively arranged at two opposite angles of the unit model, the inlet end and the outlet end are both chamfered, and steel nails are respectively arranged at the port parts of the inlet end and the outlet end, so that the unit model can be conveniently connected, and no pressure and fluid leakage are ensured.
The unit models comprise a single-slit model, a single-slit and single-hole series model, a single-slit and double-hole series model and a single-slit and single-hole parallel model;
as shown in figure 1, the inlet end and the outlet end of the single-slit model are connected only by slits, the width of the slits in the single-slit model is 1mm or 2mm, namely the number of the single-slit models is 2, the width of the internal slits is 1mm, and the width of the internal slits is 2 mm.
As shown in fig. 2, in the single slit-single hole series model, the inlet end and the outlet end are connected by a crack and a karst cave, and the crack cuts through the karst cave, the crack and the karst cave are in series relation, wherein the width of the crack is 1mm or 2mm, the diameter of the karst cave is 1cm or 2cm, namely 4 types of single slit-single hole series models are provided, and the internal designs are respectively:
1) the width of the crack is 1mm, and the diameter of the karst cave is 1 cm;
2) the width of the crack is 1mm, and the diameter of the karst cave is 2 cm;
3) the width of the crack is 2mm, and the diameter of the karst cave is 1 cm;
4) the width of the crack is 2mm, and the diameter of the karst cave is 2 cm.
As shown in fig. 3, in the single slit-double-cave series model, the inlet end and the outlet end are connected by a slit and a karst cave, and a slit and two karst caves are arranged, the slit and the karst cave are in series, the specific slit width is 1mm or 2mm, and the diameters of the two karst caves are 1cm or 2cm respectively; namely, the total number of the single-slit double-hole serial models is 6, and the internal design is as follows:
1) the width of a crack is 1mm, the diameter of one karst cave is 1cm, and the diameter of the other karst cave is 1 cm;
2) the width of a crack is 1mm, the diameter of one karst cave is 1cm, and the diameter of the other karst cave is 2 cm;
3) the width of the crack is 2mm, the diameter of one karst cave is 1cm, and the diameter of the other karst cave is 1 cm;
4) the width of the crack is 2mm, the diameter of one karst cave is 1cm, and the diameter of the other karst cave is 2 cm;
5) the width of a crack is 1mm, the diameter of one karst cave is 2cm, and the diameter of the other karst cave is 2 cm;
6) the width of the crack is 2mm, the diameter of one karst cave is 2cm, and the diameter of the other karst cave is 2 cm.
As shown in fig. 4, in the single slit-single hole parallel model, the inlet end and the outlet end are connected by a slit and a karst cave, and two slits and two karst caves are provided, the single slit and the single karst cave are in series relation, the two slits are connected in parallel, wherein the two slits have a slit width of 1mm or 2mm, and the two karst caves have a hole diameter of 1cm or 2 cm. Namely, the total number of the single-slit single-hole parallel models is 6, and the internal design is as follows:
1) one crack is 1mm wide, the other crack is 1mm wide, the diameter of one karst cave is 1cm, and the diameter of the other karst cave is 2 cm;
2) one crack is 1mm wide, the other crack is 1mm wide, the diameter of one karst cave is 2cm, and the diameter of the other karst cave is 2 cm;
3) one crack is 1mm wide, the other crack is 1mm wide, the diameter of one karst cave is 2cm, and the diameter of the other karst cave is 1 cm;
4) one crack is 1mm wide, the other crack is 2mm wide, the diameter of one karst cave is 2cm, and the diameter of the other karst cave is 2 cm;
5) one crack is 1mm wide, the other crack is 2mm wide, the diameter of one karst cave is 2cm, and the diameter of the other karst cave is 1 cm;
6) one crack width is 2mm, the other crack width is 2mm, the diameter of one karst cave is 2cm, and the diameter of the other karst cave is 1 cm.
The inlet ends of the 4 unit models are opposite, and the steel nails at the inlet ends are connected through a four-way joint to form a uniform inlet end, so that the same pressure source and the same fluid source are ensured. The combination modes of the unit models are 4 types, which can be divided into 14 types of combination modes, the total number is 7669, the displacement experiment is carried out on the combination of different unit models, and the coupling flow rule of the fluid under the coupling action of different slot hole units can be researched.
The combination mode of the unit models can be divided into:
(1) the 4 unit models are composed of the same category, and as shown in fig. 5, can be divided into:
firstly, self-combining single-slit unit models, and 1 type of model;
self-combining the single-slit single-hole series models, wherein the number of the models is 4;
combining the single-slit double-hole series models by self, wherein the total number of the models is 30;
fourthly, 30 models with single seam and single hole are combined in parallel.
(2) The 4 unit models are composed of two types of unit models, as shown in fig. 6, and can be divided into:
20 types of single-seam-single-hole combined models are provided;
270 types of single-slit-single-slit double-hole combined models are adopted;
the third, 270 kinds of single seam-single hole parallel combined models;
864 kinds of single-slit single-hole-single-slit double-hole combined models;
parallel combined model of single-seam single-hole-single-seam single-hole, 864 kinds;
sixthly, 2340 types of combined models are formed by connecting single-slit double-hole models and single-slit single-hole models in parallel.
(3) The 4 unit models are composed of three types of unit models, as shown in fig. 7, and can be classified into:
the combined model of single seam, single hole and single seam and double holes is 408 kinds;
408 single-slit, single-hole and single-slit, single-hole parallel combined models;
and 1872 types of single-slit single-hole, single-slit double-hole, single-slit single-hole parallel combined models.
(4) The 4 unit models are composed of four kinds of unit models, as shown in FIG. 8, and there are 288 kinds.
When the combination of multiple unit models is carried out, 4 unit models are used as basic components, the inlet ends of the 4 unit models are opposite, the 4 unit models are placed in a support frame and fixed by gaskets and fixing screws, steel nails at the inlet ends are connected through a four-way joint to form a uniform inlet end, the connection of the models is tight, no leakage phenomenon exists, the upper end of the four-way joint is connected with a hose, and the hose is connected with a water pump and an oil pump. The steel nails at the outlet end of the model are connected with high-precision measuring cups in each electronic balance by taking hoses as media, the type, pressure and flow of injected fluid are controlled by a computer program, the maximum pressure bearing of the unit model is 1MPa, and the maximum allowable flow is 20 ml/min.
The photoelectric camera automatically captures the fluid and displays the fluid on a computer in an enlarged mode, and the flow state of the fluid in each model is observed in real time. The electronic balance automatically measures the amount of fluid in the cylinder every 0.02s and synchronizes the data to the computer program.
Therefore, after the unit model is fixedly combined through the support frame, fluid is injected through the hoses connected with the four-way joint, the displacement experiment can be carried out on the combined model, the fluid flow in the carbonate fracture-cavity type oil reservoir can be simulated in real time, the general rule of the fluid flow in the fracture-cavity type oil reservoir can be researched, and the unit model is convenient and practical.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. A simulation model for a visual discrete fracture-cave network reservoir physical experiment is characterized by comprising a unit model formed by bonding two pieces of organic glass, wherein a crack and a karst cave structure are arranged on the inner side of the unit model, two opposite corners of the unit model are respectively provided with an inlet end and an outlet end, and the unit model comprises a single-crack model, a single-crack-single-cave series model, a single-crack-double-cave series model and a single-crack-single-cave parallel model;
the inlet end and the outlet end in the single-slit model are connected only by a slit;
in the single-slit single-cave series model, the inlet end and the outlet end are connected by a crack and a karst cave, the crack cuts through the karst cave, and the crack and the karst cave are in series relation;
in the single-slit double-cave series model, an inlet end and an outlet end are connected by a slit and a karst cave, and the slit and the two karst caves are arranged in series;
in the single-slit single-cave parallel model, the inlet end and the outlet end are connected by a slit and a karst cave, two slits and two karst caves are arranged, the single slit and the single karst cave are in a series connection relationship, and the two slits are connected in parallel.
2. The simulation model for the visual discrete fracture-cave network reservoir physical experiment is characterized in that the unit model is made of square planar organic glass with the side length of 20cm x 20cm and the thickness of 2cm, the adhesive is resin, a crack and a karst cave structure are machined on the inner side of each piece of organic glass through a milling machine, and the inlet end and the outlet end are both provided with cut angles.
3. The simulation model for physical experiments on visual discrete fracture-cavity network reservoirs according to claim 1, wherein the width of a fracture in the single-fracture model is 1mm or 2 mm.
4. The simulation model for physical experiments on visual discrete fracture-cavity networks and reservoirs according to claim 1, wherein in the single-fracture-single-cavity series model, the width of a fracture is 1mm or 2mm, and the diameter of a karst cavity is 1cm or 2 cm.
5. The simulation model for physical experiments on visual discrete fracture-cavity networks and reservoirs according to claim 1, wherein in the single-fracture-double-cavity series model, the width of a fracture is 1mm or 2mm, and the diameters of two karst-cavity holes are 1cm or 2cm respectively.
6. The simulation model for physical experiments on visual discrete fracture-cavity networks and reservoirs according to claim 1, wherein in the single-fracture-single-cavity parallel model, the widths of two fracture seams are 1mm or 2mm respectively, and the diameters of two karst-cavity holes are 1cm or 2cm respectively.
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