CN114492233A - Basin water simulation method based on webGIS platform and considering comprehensive utilization requirements - Google Patents
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Abstract
A watershed water simulation method based on a webGIS platform and considering comprehensive utilization requirements comprises the following steps of: editing and managing layers; step 2: generating a comprehensive scheduling calculation scheme; and 3, step 3: demonstrating basin water simulation; and 4, step 4: evaluating the disaster damage; the invention aims to provide a watershed water simulation method considering comprehensive utilization requirements of reservoir scheduling, which is used for completing watershed water simulation of a scheduling scheme with comprehensive utilization requirements in multiple aspects such as cascade reservoir flood control, water resources, silt, emergency, ecology and the like, realizing visual display and deduction of reservoir scheduling process simulation, and facilitating decision making and scheduling scheme evaluation and analysis of users.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of reservoir scheduling and watershed water simulation, and particularly relates to a watershed water simulation method based on a webGIS platform and considering comprehensive utilization requirements.
Background
Water resources often have the characteristics of regionality, cyclic reproducibility, spatial-temporal distribution nonuniformity and the like, are basic natural resources and strategic economic resources, are important cornerstones for sustainable development of economic society and maintenance of ecological balance, the comprehensive utilization requirement of watershed water resources often realizes a scheduling target through planned control and application of a large-scale reservoir, the regulation and control targets of the water resources are further diversified along with the aggravation of human activity influence, the scheduling strategy of the reservoir, particularly a large-scale hydro junction, often needs to consider the requirements of flood control, water resources, silt, emergency, ecology and the like, a scheduling decision often needs to be repeatedly compared and selected among various water incoming conditions, multiple constraint conditions and multiple objective functions so as to comprehensively evaluate the feasibility and the application effect of a scheduling scheme, and thus the scheduling scheme meeting the requirements of all aspects is obtained, the method belongs to an evaluation means after a scheduling scheme, and belongs to one of basic applications and technologies for constructing an intelligent watershed.
In recent years, the information technology has been developed dramatically, technologies such as cloud computing, big data, internet of things, mobile query, GIS and the like are widely applied to intelligent watershed systems, especially, webGL and virtual simulation technology are rapidly developed, a WebGIS formed by combining Web3D technology and GIS technology becomes an important direction for intelligent watershed visualization development, and is an important technical basis for constructing the method, the method adopts a lightweight open-source three-dimensional WebGIS development framework, sesium, as a GIS platform basis, integrates different data sources, not only has the characteristics of cross-platform, easy sharing, convenient maintenance and the like, but also can load image data, three-dimensional models and hydrologic site attribute data on a three-dimensional map, realize storage, management, query and statistics functions of two-three-dimensional integration, and visually display a scheduling scheme by combining a front-end Echart chart technology, the important section and the key information realize alarm according to a given rule and provide efficient management and decision support for related information of intelligent basin scheduling.
With the improvement of various performance indexes of a computer and the improvement of a calculation method, more possibilities are provided for the calculation of an intelligent drainage basin complex scheduling scheme, the traditional reservoir scheduling is only limited to a hub, and in order to enhance the drainage basin water simulation effect, the method increases the calculation information of a cascade reservoir, an important flood control point and a key hydrological station, and realizes the drainage basin water simulation of information such as key section water level, flow, sand transportation quantity and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a watershed water simulation method considering comprehensive utilization requirements of reservoir scheduling, which is used for completing watershed water simulation of comprehensive utilization requirements of multiple aspects such as cascade reservoir flood control, water resources, silt, emergency, ecology and the like, realizing visual display and deduction of reservoir scheduling process simulation, and facilitating decision making and scheduling scheme evaluation and analysis of users.
A watershed water simulation method based on a webGIS platform and considering comprehensive utilization requirements comprises the following steps:
step 1: according to the drainage basin management requirements, combining with the webGIS platform technology, extracting a map and elevation data with required precision according to drainage basin water simulation requirements, laying layer information, and completing a drainage basin water simulation display foundation;
step 2: extracting and setting forecast water conditions of a hub or a cascade reservoir, setting various constraint conditions according to relevant control requirements of basin management to generate a comprehensive scheduling calculation scheme, and storing scheduling results in a warehouse after the scheduling calculation is completed;
and step 3: extracting a comprehensive scheduling calculation scheme to perform watershed water simulation deduction, wherein the watershed water simulation comprises watershed water simulation of a large scene of a full watershed and watershed water simulation of a refined scene, the watershed water simulation on time and space scales of various scheduling schemes is realized respectively, and characteristic sections on time and space are counted;
and 4, step 4: and calculating the submerging range and the submerging duration by combining terrain data and a webGIS technology according to the flow process or the water level change process in the deduction process, and then evaluating the loss of the corresponding submerging range and the submerging duration according to an economic model to obtain the final risk and loss of the current scheduling scheme.
In step 1, when layer information is arranged and layer management is performed, the following steps are taken:
2-1) firstly, constructing a basic layer according to basin management and an influence range, wherein the basic layer comprises basin terrain, boundaries, administrative divisions and river network water systems, and realizing the outline of the basic layer;
2-2) on the basis of the basic map layer, deploying special map layers such as hubs, water and rain condition stations, water quality, water bloom, seismic station nets, bank and reservoir monitoring and the like according to the management professional range of the intelligent drainage basin;
and 2-3) deploying a custom layer on the basic layer, wherein the custom layer comprises a three-dimensional model of each hub, an underground water pipe network, a video monitoring point, vegetation coverage and the like, and fusion with the basic layer and dynamic data is realized.
In step 2, the comprehensive scheduling calculation scheme comprises scheduling targets of flood control, water resources, silt, ecology, emergency and the like, the scheduling calculation targets are single pivot and steps, and the calculation range comprises a pivot station, a flood control point and a key hydrological section range.
In step 2, when the dispatching scheme is calculated, a calculation model and an algorithm are selected according to the requirements and characteristics of dispatching tasks, constraint conditions and initial conditions are set according to the comprehensive utilization requirements of the reservoir, and comprehensive dispatching calculation is completed, and the following steps are specifically adopted:
4-1) setting a scheduling period range and calculating period granularity;
4-2) setting scheduling calculation initial conditions, initial water levels of all reservoirs and constraint conditions of all stages;
4-3) selecting a proper scheduling target and a scheduling model for calculation according to the scheduling task requirement;
4-4) carrying out simulation calculation on the control conditions of each time interval according to the water quantity balance principle;
4-5) saving the current scheduling scheme.
In the step 2, generating a scheduling scheme by taking flood control, water resource, silt, ecology and emergency 5 aspects as scheduling targets;
5-1) flood control scheduling:
the basic principle of flood control scheduling is that according to the incoming water condition and the characteristic condition of a reservoir, the water level process and the discharge process of the reservoir are solved according to certain constraints and rules, flood control scheduling rules mainly adopt the principle of ensuring the flood control safety of a dam to carry out flood control calculation, a minimum model of the maximum discharge flow of the reservoir takes the downstream as a protection object, and a target formula is as follows:
min F＝min{max(Qo,t)} t∈T (1)
wherein Q iso,tThe lower discharge quantity of the reservoir at the t-th time interval; t is a flood season whole scheduling time interval set;
the highest water level and lowest water level model in front of the reservoir dam takes the reservoir as a protection object, and the target formula is as follows:
min F＝min{max(Zu,t)} t∈T (2)
wherein Z isu,tThe reservoir dam front water level is in the tth time interval; t is a flood season whole scheduling time interval set;
5-2) water resource scheduling:
the water resource scheduling management provides a water resource scheduling management function for professionals and decision-makers of water resource services, and mainly comprises module functions of water resource scheduling rule base management, water resource scheduling scheme calculation, scheme management, scheduling scheme evaluation and the like, wherein the scheduling rule management mainly comprises scheduling constraint management and rule term management, the main target realizes maximum utilization of water resources, the adopted algorithm comprises various optimization algorithms such as dynamic planning, successive optimization and the like, and the calculated result comprises a plurality of targets of realizing maximum single-base power generation capacity or maximum cascade power generation capacity and the like;
5-3) silt scheduling:
the silt scheduling calculation mainly provides functional modules for business personnel, such as silt real-time monitoring and forecasting, flood season peak desilting scheduling, settlement season end silt reducing scheduling, scheduling result management, scheduling scheme evaluation and the like;
5-4) ecological scheduling:
the ecological dispatching mainly comprises a water temperature control target and a water bloom prevention and control target, in order to ensure that the four Chinese carps have proper water temperature in the spawning period, a stoplog door of a power generation water inlet needs to be managed, and a stoplog door opening and closing scheme is generated according to the rule of water depth and water temperature so as to ensure the propagation of the fishes;
5-5) emergency dispatching:
the emergency dispatching mainly realizes evacuation dispatching of ships in the navigation management, the freight volume and the passenger volume of a river channel are further increased along with the influence of economic activities, the requirements of the ships with different water displacement on the channel are inconsistent, if no proper navigation conditions exist, the navigation can be blocked at a ship lock and a ship lift, so that the emergency dispatching needs to be carried out under the condition, the types and the number of the ships needing to be carried out are analyzed according to the monitoring condition of the ships, whether the hydraulic conditions needing to be rechecked meet the requirements or not and whether the ship is beneficial to evacuation or not, the law of the ship navigation on the hydraulic conditions needs to be summarized and analyzed, the positions of key navigation congestion sections and congestion reasons are summarized and analyzed, the time law of the ships passing through the ship lock and the ship lift is counted, so that better navigation conditions are formed through the dispatching of the large-sized reservoirs, and the rapid evacuation of the ships is realized.
In step 3, after a scheduling scheme formed by comprehensive scheduling calculation is completed according to different scheduling targets and constraint conditions, performing visual simulation on the reservoir scheduling process by using a watershed water simulation scheduling scheme, and performing alarm display according to set boundary conditions, wherein the alarm conditions comprise that hydrology crosses different boundaries;
the flow reaches different magnitudes, and is divided into a drainage basin water simulation of a drainage basin panoramic scene and a drainage basin water simulation of a hub fine scene, the drainage basin water simulation of the drainage basin panoramic scene supports a user to carry out flow and water level process deduction and characteristic value statistical extraction on key elements of a hub station, a key hydrological station, a sediment station and a water quality section of a full drainage basin scene, high-brightness display and early warning prompt are simultaneously realized on an out-of-limit river reach and a hub in a webGis platform according to preset judgment standards, and the spatial change of a cascade scheduling process is mainly shown;
the fine scene watershed water simulation mainly realizes the watershed water simulation of a specific pivot, key hydrology or water quality section, reflects the change of the scheduling process in time, realizes the simulation of the scheduling water flow process under a small scene, extracts characteristic time sections, and performs key display according to characteristic elements such as the maximum water level and the maximum flow.
In step 4, according to the evolution situation of time and space of the comprehensive scheduling calculation scheme, combining with the topographic data statistics of the webGIS platform to calculate the inundation range and duration, and calculating the basin inundation loss economy of the scheduling scheme according to the formula (3);
wherein Z isjSegmenting the submerged elevation range into m elevation ranges; t isiThe submergence duration in a certain elevation range is divided into n time interval ranges f (T)i,Zj) An average submerging economic loss level can be inquired for the economic survey curve of the river basin area according to the submerging time and the elevation range;
and (3) counting and calculating the inundation duration and the inundation range of each area by using a webGIS platform, realizing the inundation loss analysis and evaluation of a certain specific scheme according to economic scheduling data in the drainage basin area, and assisting a user in carrying out decision analysis on each scheduling scheme.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
1) the invention can complete watershed water simulation of comprehensive utilization requirements in multiple aspects such as flood control, water resource, silt, emergency, ecology and the like of the cascade reservoir, realize visual display and deduction of reservoir scheduling process simulation, and facilitate decision making and scheduling scheme evaluation and analysis of users. The application range of the method is large-scene watershed water simulation, index change conditions of different elements of a plurality of objects such as reservoirs, flood control points, key hydrological stations and the like in a watershed are simulated on a webGIS plane diagram, change of each key simulation element in space is reflected, and early warning, submerging area evaluation and disaster loss evaluation in a large-scene simulation scheduling process are realized on the basis; on the other hand, the simulation of the watershed water of the small scene realizes the simulation of the key element change of each hub and key section in time, and realizes the simulation and dynamic demonstration of scene elements in a refined place;
2) the conventional watershed water simulation is usually carried out by adopting a physical model, the investment is large, the construction period is long, the underlying surface condition of the watershed often changes along with the influence of human activities, the physical model cannot quickly realize following change, and meanwhile, a plurality of scheduling scenes often belong to theoretical conditions or extreme conditions.
Drawings
The invention is further explained below with reference to the figures and examples;
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the simulation function of basin water in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the basin water simulation function of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of layer management logical relationships;
FIG. 4 is a graph of a scheduling computation model structural relationship;
Detailed Description
A watershed water simulation method based on a webGIS platform and considering comprehensive utilization requirements is disclosed, wherein a functional composition generalized diagram is shown in figure 1, and a functional flow diagram is shown in figure 2, and the implementation comprises the following steps:
step 1: according to the drainage basin management requirements, combining with the webGIS platform technology, extracting a map and elevation data with required precision according to drainage basin water simulation requirements, completing a display basis of drainage basin water simulation, wherein all layer management information required to be constructed is shown in FIG. 3;
step 2: extracting and setting forecasted incoming water conditions of a hub or a cascade reservoir, selecting control targets of the reservoir and the cascade, setting constraint processes such as water level, flow, output process and the like, and storing results after the dispatching scheme is calculated and subjected to simulation adjustment calculation;
and 3, step 3: extracting a comprehensive scheduling calculation scheme to perform watershed water simulation deduction, wherein the watershed water simulation comprises watershed water simulation of a large scene of a full watershed and watershed water simulation of a refined scene, the watershed water simulation on time and space scales of various scheduling schemes is realized respectively, and characteristic sections on time and space are counted;
and 4, step 4: and calculating the submerging range and the submerging duration by combining terrain data and a webGIS technology according to the flow process or the water level change process in the deduction process, and then evaluating the loss of the corresponding submerging range and the submerging duration according to an economic model to obtain the final risk and loss of the current scheduling scheme.
In step 1, layer management takes the following steps:
step 1) firstly, constructing a basic layer according to basin management and an influence range, wherein the basic layer comprises basin terrain, boundaries, administrative divisions and river network water systems, and realizing the outline of the basic layer;
step 2) on the basis of the basic map layer, deploying special map layers such as hubs, water and rain condition stations, water quality, water bloom, seismic station nets, bank monitoring and the like according to the management professional range of the intelligent drainage basin;
step 3) deploying a custom layer on the basic layer, wherein the custom layer comprises a three-dimensional model of each pivot, an underground water pipe network, a video monitoring point, vegetation coverage and the like, and fusion with the basic layer and dynamic data is realized;
in the step 2, the dispatching scheme calculates dispatching targets including flood control, water resource, silt, ecology, emergency and the like, the dispatching calculation objects have single hub and step, and the calculation range comprises a hub station, a flood control point and a key hydrological section range;
in step 2, the key point of the comprehensive dispatching calculation lies in that a calculation model and an algorithm are selected according to the requirements and characteristics of dispatching tasks, constraint conditions and initial conditions are set according to the comprehensive utilization requirements of the reservoir, and the completion of the comprehensive dispatching calculation can be divided into the following steps:
step 1) setting a scheduling period range and calculating period granularity;
step 2) setting scheduling calculation initial conditions, initial water levels of reservoirs and constraint conditions of stages;
step 3) selecting a proper scheduling target and a scheduling model for calculation according to the scheduling task requirement;
step 4) carrying out simulation calculation on the control conditions of each time interval according to the requirement and the water quantity balance principle;
and 5) saving the current scheduling scheme.
In the step 2, a scheduling scheme is manufactured according to scheduling tasks and reservoir control application requirements, and scheduling targets in flood control, water resources, sediment, ecology and emergency 5 aspects can be divided according to the scheduling targets;
(1) flood control dispatching:
the basic principle of flood control scheduling is to calculate the reservoir water level process and the discharge process according to certain constraints and rules according to the incoming water condition and the reservoir characteristic condition, and the flood control scheduling rules mainly adopt the principle of ensuring the flood control safety of the dam to carry out flood control calculation. The minimum model of the maximum lower discharge flow of the reservoir takes the downstream as a protection object, and the target formula is as follows:
min F＝min{max(Qo,t)} t∈T (1)
wherein Q iso,tThe lower discharge quantity of the reservoir at the t-th time interval; and T is the whole scheduling time period set in the flood season.
The highest water level and lowest water level model in front of the reservoir dam takes the reservoir as a protection object, and the target formula is as follows:
min F＝min{max(Zu,t)} t∈T (2)
wherein Z isu,tThe reservoir dam front water level is in the tth time interval; and T is the whole scheduling time period set in the flood season.
(2) And (3) scheduling water resources:
the water resource scheduling management provides a water resource scheduling management function for professionals and decision-makers of water resource services, and mainly comprises module functions of water resource scheduling rule base management, water resource scheduling scheme calculation, scheme management, scheduling scheme evaluation and the like, the scheduling rule management mainly comprises scheduling constraint management and rule term management, the main target achieves maximum utilization of water resources, the adopted algorithm comprises multiple optimization algorithms such as dynamic planning and successive optimization, and the calculated result comprises multiple targets such as maximum single-base power generation capacity or maximum cascade power generation capacity.
(3) And (3) silt dispatching:
the silt scheduling calculation mainly provides functional modules for business personnel, such as real-time silt monitoring and forecasting, flood season peak desilting scheduling, settlement season end silt reducing scheduling, scheduling result management, scheduling scheme evaluation and the like.
(4) Ecological scheduling:
the ecological dispatching mainly comprises a water temperature control target and a water bloom prevention and control target, in order to ensure that the four Chinese carps have proper water temperature in the spawning period, a stop log door of a power generation water inlet needs to be managed, and a stop log door opening and closing scheme is generated according to the rule of water depth and water temperature, so that the propagation of the fishes is ensured. The water bloom prevention and control method is mainly characterized in that the storage and discharge of a reservoir are controlled and applied in river reach areas and periods where water blooms are easy to generate, water level change or section flow change is achieved, and therefore the water bloom phenomenon is prevented, and the change relation rule of factors for preventing the water bloom phenomenon and the water level and the flow is obtained through historical data statistical analysis.
(5) Emergency dispatching:
the emergency scheduling mainly realizes evacuation scheduling of ships in the navigation management, along with the influence of economic activities, the freight volume and the passenger volume of a river channel are further increased, the requirements of the ships with different water displacement on the channel are inconsistent, and if no proper navigation condition exists, the navigation can be blocked at the positions of a ship lock and a ship lift, so the emergency scheduling needs to be carried out under the condition. And analyzing the types and the number of coming ships according to the monitoring condition of the ships, and whether the hydraulic conditions needing to be rechecked for shipping meet the requirements or not and whether the evacuation of the ships is facilitated or not. The emergency scheduling needs to summarize and analyze the law of the requirement of ship navigation on the hydraulic condition, summarize and analyze the position of the key shipping congestion section and the congestion reason, and count the time law of the ship passing through the ship lock and the ship lift, so that better navigation conditions are formed by scheduling the large reservoir, and the ship is quickly evacuated.
In step 3, after the dispatching scheme formed by comprehensive dispatching calculation is completed according to different dispatching targets and constraint conditions, the reservoir dispatching process is visually simulated by calling the dispatching scheme by basin water simulation, performing alarm display according to set boundary conditions, wherein the alarm conditions comprise that hydrology crosses different boundaries, the flow reaches different magnitudes, the method is characterized by comprising the simulation of the watershed water of a watershed panoramic scene and the simulation of the watershed water of a hub refined scene, wherein the simulation of the watershed water of the watershed panoramic scene supports a user to carry out flow and water level process deduction and characteristic value statistical extraction on key elements of a hub station, a key hydrological station, a sediment station and a water quality section of a full watershed scene, meanwhile, high-brightness display is realized on the out-of-limit river reach and the junction in the webGis platform according to a preset judgment standard, an early warning prompt is given, and the spatial change of the cascade junction scheduling process is mainly shown;
the fine scene watershed water simulation mainly realizes the watershed water simulation of a specific pivot, key hydrology or water quality section, reflects the change of the scheduling process in time, realizes the simulation of the scheduling water flow process under a small scene, extracts characteristic time sections, and performs key display according to characteristic elements such as the maximum water level and the maximum flow.
In step 4, according to the evolution situation of time and space of the comprehensive scheduling calculation scheme, combining the geography data statistics of the webGIS platform to calculate the inundation range and duration, and according to the formula (3), calculating the basin inundation loss economy of the scheduling scheme.
Wherein Z isjSegmenting the submerged elevation range into m elevation ranges; t isiThe submergence duration in a certain elevation range is divided into n time interval ranges f (T)i,Zj) For the economic survey curve of the drainage basin area, an average submerged economic loss level can be inquired according to the submerged time and the elevation range.
The method is characterized in that a webGIS platform is used for counting and calculating the inundation duration and the inundation range of each area, and the inundation loss analysis and evaluation of a certain specific scheme are realized according to economic dispatching data in the drainage basin area, so that a user is assisted in carrying out decision analysis on each dispatching scheme.
Claims (7)
1. A watershed water simulation method based on a webGIS platform and considering comprehensive utilization requirements is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: according to the drainage basin management requirements, combining with the webGIS platform technology, extracting a map and elevation data with required precision according to drainage basin water simulation requirements, laying layer information, and completing a drainage basin water simulation display foundation;
step 2: extracting and setting forecast water conditions of a hub or a cascade reservoir, setting various constraint conditions according to relevant control requirements of basin management to generate a comprehensive scheduling calculation scheme, and storing scheduling results in a warehouse after the scheduling calculation is completed;
and step 3: extracting a comprehensive scheduling calculation scheme to perform watershed water simulation deduction, wherein the watershed water simulation comprises watershed water simulation of a large scene of a full watershed and watershed water simulation of a refined scene, the watershed water simulation on time and space scales of various scheduling schemes is realized respectively, and characteristic sections on time and space are counted;
and 4, step 4: and calculating the submerging range and the submerging duration by combining terrain data and a webGIS technology according to the flow process or the water level change process in the deduction process, and then evaluating the loss of the corresponding submerging range and the submerging duration according to an economic model to obtain the final risk and loss of the current scheduling scheme.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step 1, when layer information is arranged and layer management is performed, the following steps are taken:
2-1) firstly, constructing a basic layer according to basin management and an influence range, wherein the basic layer comprises basin terrain, boundaries, administrative divisions and river network water systems, and realizing the outline of the basic layer;
2-2) on the basis of the basic map layer, deploying special map layers such as hubs, water and rain condition stations, water quality, water bloom, seismic station nets, bank and reservoir monitoring and the like according to the management professional range of the intelligent drainage basin;
and 2-3) deploying a custom layer on the basic layer, wherein the custom layer comprises a three-dimensional model of each hub, an underground water pipe network, a video monitoring point, vegetation coverage and the like, and fusion with the basic layer and dynamic data is realized.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 2, the comprehensive dispatching calculation scheme comprises dispatching targets of flood control, water resource, silt, ecology, emergency and the like, the dispatching calculation targets are single pivot and steps, and the calculation range comprises a hub station, a flood control point and a key hydrological section range.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step 2, when the scheduling scheme is calculated, a calculation model and an algorithm are selected according to the requirements and characteristics of the scheduling task, and constraint conditions and initial conditions are set according to the comprehensive utilization requirements of the reservoir to complete the comprehensive scheduling calculation, specifically adopting the following steps:
4-1) setting a scheduling period range and calculating period granularity;
4-2) setting scheduling calculation initial conditions, initial water levels of all reservoirs and constraint conditions of all stages;
4-3) selecting a proper scheduling target and a scheduling model for calculation according to the scheduling task requirement;
4-4) carrying out simulation calculation on the control conditions of each time interval according to the water quantity balance principle;
4-5) saving the current scheduling scheme.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 2, the generation of the scheduling scheme is performed with 5 aspects of flood control, water resource, silt, ecology and emergency as scheduling objectives;
5-1) flood control scheduling:
the basic principle of flood control scheduling is that according to the incoming water condition and the characteristic condition of a reservoir, the water level process and the discharge process of the reservoir are solved according to certain constraints and rules, flood control scheduling rules mainly adopt the principle of ensuring the flood control safety of a dam to carry out flood control calculation, a minimum model of the maximum discharge flow of the reservoir takes the downstream as a protection object, and a target formula is as follows:
min F＝min{max(Qo,t)}t∈T (1)
wherein Q iso,tThe lower discharge quantity of the reservoir at the t-th time interval; t is a whole scheduling time interval set in a flood season;
the highest water level and lowest water level model in front of the reservoir dam takes the reservoir as a protection object, and the target formula is as follows:
min F＝min{max(Zu,t)}t∈T (2)
wherein Z isu,tThe reservoir dam front water level is in the tth time interval; t is a flood season whole scheduling time interval set;
5-2) water resource scheduling:
the water resource scheduling management provides a water resource scheduling management function for professionals and decision-makers of water resource services, and mainly comprises module functions of water resource scheduling rule base management, water resource scheduling scheme calculation, scheme management, scheduling scheme evaluation and the like, wherein the scheduling rule management mainly comprises scheduling constraint management and rule term management, the main target realizes maximum utilization of water resources, the adopted algorithm comprises various optimization algorithms such as dynamic planning, successive optimization and the like, and the calculated result comprises a plurality of targets of realizing maximum single-base power generation capacity or maximum cascade power generation capacity and the like;
5-3) silt scheduling:
the silt scheduling calculation mainly provides functional modules for business personnel, such as silt real-time monitoring and forecasting, flood season peak desilting scheduling, settlement season end silt reducing scheduling, scheduling result management, scheduling scheme evaluation and the like;
5-4) ecological scheduling:
the ecological dispatching mainly comprises a water temperature control target and a water bloom prevention and control target, in order to ensure that the four Chinese carps have proper water temperature in the spawning period, a stoplog door of a power generation water inlet needs to be managed, and a stoplog door opening and closing scheme is generated according to the rule of water depth and water temperature so as to ensure the propagation of the fishes;
5-5) emergency dispatching:
the emergency scheduling mainly realizes evacuation scheduling of ships in navigation management, along with the influence of economic activities, the freight volume and the passenger volume of a river channel are further increased, the requirements of the ships with different water displacement on the channel are inconsistent, if no suitable navigation condition exists, the navigation can be blocked at a ship lock and a ship lift, so that under the condition, emergency scheduling needs to be carried out, the types and the number of the ships need to be analyzed according to the monitoring condition of the ships, whether the hydraulic condition of the navigation needs to be rechecked meets the requirements or not, and the ship evacuation is facilitated or not, the law of the hydraulic condition of the ship navigation needs to be summarized and analyzed, the positions of key navigation congestion sections and the congestion reasons are summarized and analyzed, the time law of the ships passing through the ship lock and the ship lift is counted, and better navigation conditions are formed through scheduling of a large-size reservoir, and the ships can be rapidly evacuated.
6. The method according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein in step 3, after the scheduling scheme formed by comprehensive scheduling calculation is completed according to different scheduling targets and constraint conditions, the watershed water simulation calls the scheduling scheme to perform visual simulation on the reservoir scheduling process, and alarm display is performed according to set boundary conditions, wherein the alarm conditions include that hydrology crosses different boundaries;
the flow reaches different magnitudes, and is divided into a drainage basin water simulation of a drainage basin panoramic scene and a drainage basin water simulation of a hub fine scene, the drainage basin water simulation of the drainage basin panoramic scene supports a user to carry out flow and water level process deduction and characteristic value statistical extraction on key elements of a hub station, a key hydrological station, a sediment station and a water quality section of a full drainage basin scene, high-brightness display and early warning prompt are simultaneously realized on an out-of-limit river reach and a hub in a webGis platform according to preset judgment standards, and the spatial change of a cascade scheduling process is mainly shown;
the fine scene watershed water simulation mainly realizes the watershed water simulation of a specific pivot, key hydrology or water quality section, reflects the change of the scheduling process in time, realizes the simulation of the scheduling water flow process under a small scene, extracts characteristic time sections, and performs key display according to characteristic elements such as the maximum water level and the maximum flow.
7. The method according to one of the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that in step 4, according to the evolution of time and space of the comprehensive scheduling calculation scheme, combining the statistical calculation of the terrestrial data of the webGIS platform to calculate the inundation range and duration, and calculating the economic loss of basin inundation of the scheduling scheme according to the formula (3) statistics;
wherein Z isjSegmenting the submerged elevation range into m elevation ranges; t isiThe submergence duration in a certain elevation range is divided into n time interval ranges f (T)i,Zj) An average submerging economic loss level can be inquired for the economic survey curve of the river basin area according to the submerging time and the elevation range;
and (3) counting and calculating the inundation duration and the inundation range of each area by using a webGIS platform, realizing the inundation loss analysis and evaluation of a certain specific scheme according to economic scheduling data in the drainage basin area, and assisting a user in carrying out decision analysis on each scheduling scheme.
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| CN115659641B (en) * | 2022-10-26 | 2024-03-08 | 武汉大学 | Water bloom prevention and control oriented water engineering multi-objective optimization scheduling method |
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| CN117973706A (en) * | 2024-04-02 | 2024-05-03 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Reservoir ecological dispatching method integrating fish ecological flow process and water temperature process requirements |
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