CN114491806A - Commercial vehicle cab lightweight optimization design method based on collision safety - Google Patents

Commercial vehicle cab lightweight optimization design method based on collision safety Download PDF

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CN114491806A
CN114491806A CN202210041937.8A CN202210041937A CN114491806A CN 114491806 A CN114491806 A CN 114491806A CN 202210041937 A CN202210041937 A CN 202210041937A CN 114491806 A CN114491806 A CN 114491806A
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commercial vehicle
collision safety
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李善德
闻健
王珺
黄其柏
袁帅
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HUBEI INSTITUTE OF SPECIALTY VEHICLE
Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a commercial vehicle cab light weight optimization design method based on collision safety, which comprises the steps of establishing a cab body three-dimensional model; establishing a collision safety finite element analysis system of a commercial vehicle cab; comprehensively considering the degree of influence of component quality change on the rigidity performance of the cab, and extracting the plate thickness with a high sensitivity value as a key design variable; constructing an approximate model of the whole vehicle system of the cab of the commercial vehicle to replace the original complex model of the cab of the commercial vehicle; and establishing a cab lightweight optimization design mathematical model, and obtaining the best quality of the cab of the commercial vehicle and the collision safety performance index of the cab of the commercial vehicle. The method provided by the invention changes the traditional single-target light weight, and realizes double promotion of the light weight and the safety level of the vehicle body; by using the efficient and accurate modeling method of the proxy model, the problem of high calculation time cost of the complex model of the cab is effectively solved, and the lightweight optimization efficiency of the complex model of the cab is greatly improved.

Description

Commercial vehicle cab lightweight optimization design method based on collision safety
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of commercial vehicles, in particular to a light-weight optimization design method for a commercial vehicle cab based on collision safety.
Background
Along with the global energy crisis becoming more severe and the environmental pollution becoming more serious, the commercial vehicle cab has more and more widely paid attention to energy conservation and emission reduction, the commercial vehicle has a larger structure than a passenger vehicle, the structure of the commercial vehicle is light, and the commercial vehicle is a key measure for effectively reducing the automobile exhaust emission and controlling the fuel consumption. At present, the light-weight measure of the cab of the commercial vehicle is to reduce the whole vehicle mass of the cab by reducing the thickness of materials, but the collision safety of the cab structure is inevitably sacrificed. In recent years, with frequent traffic accidents, the number of casualties is high and is not reduced, the collision safety of the cab of the commercial vehicle draws high attention, relevant regulations are made by the country, and higher requirements are put forward on the collision safety of the cab of the commercial vehicle. However, the existing cab lightweight optimization design only considers single performances such as structural rigidity and the like, and does not comprehensively consider the collision safety of the cab. Therefore, the invention provides a collision safety-based commercial vehicle cab light weight optimization method aiming at the problem of single light weight optimization design target of the existing commercial vehicle cab, effectively solves the problem that collision safety is not considered in the existing commercial vehicle cab light weight optimization design process, and realizes double improvement of the quality and collision safety performance of the commercial vehicle cab.
Disclosure of Invention
This section is for the purpose of summarizing some aspects of embodiments of the invention and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. In this section, as well as in the abstract and the title of the invention of this application, simplifications or omissions may be made to avoid obscuring the purpose of the section, the abstract and the title, and such simplifications or omissions are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention is provided in view of the above and/or the problems in the prior art of the design method for optimizing the light weight of the cab of the commercial vehicle based on collision safety.
Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is how to provide a method for optimally designing a light weight of a cab of a commercial vehicle based on collision safety.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a commercial vehicle cab lightweight optimization design method based on collision safety comprises the steps of establishing a cab body three-dimensional model, establishing a cab body system finite element analysis model according to the three-dimensional model, and analyzing the torsional rigidity and the bending rigidity of a cab structure; establishing a finite element analysis system for collision safety of a commercial vehicle cab, carrying out simulation analysis on a whole vehicle collision test of the commercial vehicle cab, and extracting a cab collision safety performance index and a worst collision safety index; by applying a cab optimization design variable screening method, comprehensively considering the degree of influence of component quality change on the rigidity performance of the cab, and extracting the plate thickness with a high sensitivity value as a key design variable; an approximate model of the whole vehicle system of the cab of the commercial vehicle is constructed by an approximate model construction method to replace an original complex model of the cab of the commercial vehicle; and establishing a cab lightweight optimization design mathematical model, substituting the key plate thickness design variable into the mathematical model by using a multi-objective algorithm, and performing iterative calculation to obtain the best quality of the cab of the commercial vehicle and the collision safety performance index of the cab of the commercial vehicle.
The invention relates to a preferable scheme of a collision safety-based commercial vehicle cab light-weight optimization design method, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the cab light weight optimization design mathematical model is as follows,
Figure BDA0003470639030000021
Figure BDA0003470639030000022
x＝[x1,x2,···,xn]T
wherein x is a key design variable of the plate thickness of the cab component; f (x) is a target variable; fk (x) is an objective function subfunction, i.e. a number of objectives that need to be optimized; gpAnd hqAre all constraint conditions; Ω is a feasible region, x ═ x1,x2,…,xn]TIs a variable space.
The invention relates to a preferable scheme of a collision safety-based commercial vehicle cab light-weight optimization design method, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when a cab lightweight optimization design mathematical model is established, the quality of the cab of the commercial vehicle and the worst collision safety performance index are taken as optimization targets, and the collision safety performance index of the cab of the commercial vehicle, the torsional rigidity and the bending rigidity of the cab of the commercial vehicle are taken as constraints.
The invention relates to a preferable scheme of a collision safety-based commercial vehicle cab light-weight optimization design method, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the cab collision safety performance index refers to the horizontal distance and the vertical distance between the cab and the dummy model before the simulation analysis of the cab collision test of the commercial vehicle is started.
The invention relates to a preferable scheme of a collision safety-based commercial vehicle cab light-weight optimization design method, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the worst collision safety performance index refers to the minimum distance in the horizontal distance and the vertical distance between the cab body and the dummy model before the simulation analysis of the cab collision test of the commercial vehicle starts.
The invention relates to a preferable scheme of a collision safety-based commercial vehicle cab light-weight optimization design method, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the screening method for the optimization design variables of the commercial vehicle cab comprises sensitive analysis, contribution degree analysis and a random forest method.
The invention relates to a preferable scheme of a collision safety-based commercial vehicle cab light-weight optimization design method, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the approximate model construction method comprises a response surface method, a radial basis function method, a support vector machine regression method, a Kriging method and a parallel multipoint-based Kriging method.
The invention relates to a preferable scheme of a collision safety-based commercial vehicle cab light-weight optimization design method, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the commercial vehicle cab collision test comprises a front collision test, a double-A-column collision test, a top pressure test and a rear wall strength test.
The invention relates to a preferable scheme of a collision safety-based commercial vehicle cab light-weight optimization design method, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when a finite element analysis model of a commercial vehicle cab body system is established, a structural member of the commercial vehicle cab is divided into two-dimensional or three-dimensional units, and welding spots, bolts, seam welding, gluing and the like are connected by using one-dimensional units for simplification.
The invention relates to a preferable scheme of a collision safety-based commercial vehicle cab light-weight optimization design method, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the multi-objective algorithms include PESA, SPEA2 and NSGA-II.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the light weight of the traditional single target is changed, and the double improvement of the light weight and the safety level of the vehicle body is realized; by using the efficient and accurate modeling method of the proxy model, the problem of high calculation time cost of the complex model of the cab is effectively solved, and the lightweight optimization efficiency of the complex model of the cab is greatly improved; and a sensitivity analysis method based on collision safety lightweight optimization is applied to realize efficient screening of key variables of collision safety of the cab.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise. Wherein:
fig. 1 is a flowchart of a lightweight optimization design method for a cab of a commercial vehicle based on collision safety in embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a frontal collision safety finite element analysis system of the collision safety-based commercial vehicle cab lightweight optimization design method in embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a front crash test simulation analysis crash safety index of the collision safety-based commercial vehicle cab lightweight optimization design method in embodiment 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a double a-column crash test finite element analysis system of the collision safety-based commercial vehicle cab lightweight optimization design method in embodiment 2.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a double a-column crash test simulation analysis crash safety index of the crash safety-based commercial vehicle cab lightweight optimization design method in embodiment 2.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described and will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Furthermore, reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one implementation of the invention. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a first embodiment of the present invention provides a collision safety-based method for optimally designing a cab of a commercial vehicle in a lightweight manner, and the collision safety-based method for optimally designing the cab of the commercial vehicle in a lightweight manner includes:
s1: establishing a cab body three-dimensional model according to a commercial vehicle cab entity to be optimized, establishing a cab body system finite element analysis model according to the three-dimensional model, and analyzing the torsional rigidity and the bending rigidity of a cab structure;
s2: establishing a finite element analysis system for collision safety of a commercial vehicle cab, carrying out simulation analysis on a whole vehicle collision test of the commercial vehicle cab, and extracting a cab collision safety performance index and a worst collision safety index;
s3: by applying a cab optimization design variable screening method, comprehensively considering the degree of influence of component quality change on the rigidity performance of the cab, and extracting the plate thickness with a high sensitivity value as a key design variable;
s4: an approximate model of the whole vehicle system of the cab of the commercial vehicle is constructed by an approximate model construction method to replace an original complex model of the cab of the commercial vehicle;
s5: and establishing a cab lightweight optimization design mathematical model, substituting the key plate thickness design variable into the mathematical model by using a multi-objective algorithm, and performing iterative calculation to obtain the best quality of the cab of the commercial vehicle and the collision safety performance index of the cab of the commercial vehicle.
Preferably, when a finite element analysis model of the cab body system of the commercial vehicle is established, the structural member of the cab of the commercial vehicle is divided into two-dimensional or three-dimensional units, and the connection of welding spots, bolts, seam welding, gluing and the like is simplified by using one-dimensional units.
It should be noted that the cab crash test of the commercial vehicle includes one, two, three, or all four of a frontal crash test, a double-a-column crash test, a roof pressure test, and a rear wall strength test.
And when a finite element analysis system for collision safety of the cab of the commercial vehicle is established, the size of a collision block, collision energy, a cab restraint mode and a dummy model which are subjected to simulation analysis by a frontal collision test are input according to the requirements of national regulation standards of 'passenger protection of cab of commercial vehicle'.
A schematic diagram of a finite element analysis system for the front collision safety of a commercial vehicle cab is shown in FIG. 2, wherein in FIG. 2, 1 is the cab, 2 is a front collision impact block, and 3 is a dummy model.
When a cab lightweight optimization design mathematical model is established, the quality and the worst collision safety performance index of the cab of the commercial vehicle are used as optimization targets, and the collision safety performance index, the torsional rigidity and the bending rigidity of the cab of the commercial vehicle are used as constraints.
The cab collision safety performance index refers to the horizontal distance and the vertical distance between the cab and the dummy model before the simulation analysis of the cab collision test of the commercial vehicle is started. A schematic diagram of simulation analysis of collision safety indexes in a front collision test of a commercial vehicle cab is shown in FIG. 3, wherein 4 in FIG. 3 is the vertical distance between a cab steering wheel and a dummy model, and 5 is the horizontal distance between the cab steering wheel and the dummy model. The worst collision safety performance index refers to the horizontal distance d between a cab body and a dummy model before the simulation analysis of the front collision test of the cab of the commercial vehicle is startedZbAnd a vertical distance dZcThe smallest distance. Through actual measurement, the minimum vertical distance d between the cab body and the dummy model is selectedZbAs the worst crash safety performance indicator.
Preferably, the screening method of the optimization design variables of the commercial vehicle cab comprises sensitive analysis, contribution degree analysis and a random forest method. Due to the high complexity of the optimization problem studied, different variables have different degrees of influence on the cab. In situations where the available information is limited, it is difficult to efficiently select design variables that are critical to the response value. If all the design variables are brought into the optimization model, a large amount of calculation cost is inevitably consumed. Therefore, different optimization design variable screening methods need to be selected according to actual conditions, a large number of cab part plate thickness design variables need to be screened, the design variables need to be sorted accurately, and 6 key design variables need to be determined.
It should be noted that the approximate model construction method includes a response surface method, a radial basis function method, a support vector machine regression method, a Kriging method and a parallel-multipoint-based Kriging method. The number of times of calling the complex model in the whole optimization process can be reduced, and the efficiency of the optimization process is improved.
Since the present embodiment seeks the minimum massAnd maximum collision safety index, objective function
Figure BDA0003470639030000061
To minf (x (m (x)), -d)Zb(x) Collision safety index d)ZcGreater than the initial value 20, constraint function gp(x) Become dzcNot less than 20, torsional rigidity q of commercial vehicle cab1Bending stiffness q of cab of commercial vehicle2Setting the range to be not more than 10% of the initial value, and constraining the function hq(x) Become by
Figure BDA0003470639030000062
And
Figure BDA0003470639030000063
and (4) forming. To find the optimal x variable, the constraint d is satisfiedzc≥20、
Figure BDA0003470639030000064
And
Figure BDA0003470639030000065
achieving an optimal objective function minf (x (m (x)), -d)Zb(x) Therefore, the cab weight reduction optimal design mathematical model is as follows:
find x＝(x1,x2,…,x6)
Figure BDA0003470639030000066
wherein x is a key design variable of the plate thickness of the cab component; (x) is a target variable; m (x), dZb(χ) is an objective function subfunction, i.e., a plurality of objectives that need to be optimized; dZc、q1、q2Are all constraint conditions.
When a cab lightweight optimization design mathematical model is established, the quality of a commercial vehicle cab, and the vertical distance d between a vehicle body of the cab of the m commercial vehicles and a dummy model are measuredZcAs an optimization target, a commercial vehicle cab vehicle body and a dummy model are usedHorizontal distance d betweenZbTorsional rigidity q of commercial vehicle cab1Bending stiffness q of cab of commercial vehicle2As a constraint.
Preferably, the multi-objective algorithm includes PESA, SPEA2 and NSGA-II. The optimal solution obtained by combining the multi-objective optimization method, the population number is 120, and the iteration number is 800, is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 comparison of parameters before and after lightweight optimization
Figure BDA0003470639030000067
The performance indexes before and after the cab is light-weighted and optimized are compared and are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 comparison of performance indexes before and after cab lightweight optimization
Cab performance Initial value Optimized value Optimizing front-to-back contrast
m/kg 252.6 229.23 -9.25％
q1/mm 0.93 1.18 26.9％
q2/mm 1.04 1.15 10.58％
dzb/mm 9.72 15.34 57.8％
dzc/mm 14.21 15.91 11.96％
It is evident from table 2 that the mass m is reduced, but the safety performance index d is improved.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, for a second embodiment of the present invention, the embodiment provides a method for optimally designing a cab of a commercial vehicle based on collision safety in a light weight manner, and the method for optimally designing a cab of a commercial vehicle based on collision safety in a light weight manner includes the following steps:
s1: establishing a cab body three-dimensional model according to a commercial vehicle cab entity to be optimized, establishing a cab body system finite element analysis model according to the three-dimensional model, and analyzing the torsional rigidity and the bending rigidity of a cab structure;
s2: establishing a finite element analysis system for collision safety of a commercial vehicle cab, performing simulation analysis on a front collision test and a double-A-column collision test of the commercial vehicle cab, and extracting a cab collision safety performance index and a worst collision safety index;
s3: by applying a cab optimization design variable screening method, comprehensively considering the degree of influence of component quality change on the rigidity performance of the cab, and extracting the plate thickness with a high sensitivity value as a key design variable;
s4: an approximate model of the whole vehicle system of the cab of the commercial vehicle is constructed by an approximate model construction method to replace an original complex model of the cab of the commercial vehicle;
s5: and establishing a cab lightweight optimization design mathematical model, applying a multi-objective algorithm to carry out, substituting the key plate thickness design variable into the mathematical model, and carrying out iterative calculation to obtain the best quality of the cab of the commercial vehicle and the collision safety performance index of the cab of the commercial vehicle.
When a finite element analysis model of a commercial vehicle cab body system is established, a shell part in a structural member of a commercial vehicle cab is divided into two dimensions, a solid part is divided into three-dimensional units, welding spots, bolts, seam welding, gluing and the like are connected by using one-dimensional units for simplification, and small installation parts are simplified into particles and added to an installation position.
According to the actual collision safety performance requirement of the cab, a front collision test and a double-A-column collision test are selected through simulation analysis of the commercial vehicle cab collision test.
When a finite element analysis system for collision safety of a commercial vehicle cab is established, the size of a collision block, collision energy, a cab restraint mode and a dummy model which are subjected to simulation analysis in a front collision test and a double-A-column collision test are input according to the requirements of national regulation standards of 'passenger protection of a commercial vehicle cab'.
A schematic diagram of a finite element analysis system for a double-A-column collision test of a cab of a commercial vehicle is shown in FIG. 4, wherein 1 in FIG. 4 is the cab, 6 is an A-column collision block, and 3 is a dummy model.
Preferably, the cab collision safety performance index refers to the horizontal distance d between the steering wheel and the dummy according to the selected commercial vehicle cab front collisionZbAnd a vertical distance dZcAnd the horizontal distance d between the steering wheel and the dummy when the double A columns collideAbAnd a vertical distance dAc。
A schematic diagram of simulation analysis of collision safety indexes of a double-A-column collision test of a commercial vehicle cab is shown in FIG. 5, wherein 7 in FIG. 5 is the vertical distance between a cab steering wheel and a dummy model, and 8 is the horizontal distance between the cab steering wheel and the dummy model.
Further, the worst collision safety performance index refers to the minimum distance between the horizontal distance and the vertical distance between the cab body and the dummy model before the simulation analysis of the front collision test and the double-A-column collision test of the cab of the commercial vehicle is started. Through actual measurement, the vertical distance d between the cab body and the dummy model in the frontal crash test is selectedZcAs the worst crash safety performance indicator.
The method for screening the optimization design variables of the commercial vehicle cab comprises sensitive analysis, contribution degree analysis and a random forest method. Different optimization design variable screening methods are selected according to actual conditions, a large number of cab part plate thickness design variables are screened, the design variables are accurately sequenced, and 9 key design variables are determined.
Preferably, the approximate model construction method comprises a response surface method, a radial basis function method, a support vector machine regression method, a Kriging method and a parallel multi-point-based Kriging method. The number of times of calling the complex model in the whole optimization process can be reduced, and the efficiency of the optimization process is improved.
Preferably, since the present embodiment seeks a minimum mass and a maximum crash safety index, the objective function
Figure BDA0003470639030000081
To minf (x (m (x)), -d)Zb(x) Collision safety index d)ZcGreater than an initial value of 20, dAaGreater than an initial value of 30, dAcGreater than 20, constraint function gp(x) From dzc≥20dAaNot less than 30 and dAcGreater than or equal to 20, torsional rigidity q of cab of commercial vehicle1Bending stiffness q of cab of commercial vehicle2Setting the range to be not more than 10% of the initial value, and constraining the function hq(x) Become by
Figure BDA0003470639030000082
And composition of
Figure BDA0003470639030000083
And (4) forming. To find the optimal x variable, the constraint d is satisfiedzc≥20、dAa≥30、dAc≥20、
Figure BDA0003470639030000084
And
Figure BDA0003470639030000085
achieving an optimal objective function minf (x (m (x)), -d)Zb(x) Therefore, the cab weight reduction optimal design mathematical model is as follows:
find x＝(x1,x2,...,x9)
Figure BDA0003470639030000086
wherein x is a key design variable of the plate thickness of the cab component; (x) is a target variable; m (x), dZb(χ) is an objective function subfunction, i.e., a plurality of objectives that need to be optimized; dZc、dAa、dAc、q1、q2Are all constraint conditions.
When a cab lightweight optimization design mathematical model is established, the quality m of a commercial vehicle cab and the vertical distance d between a steering wheel and a dummy model when the commercial vehicle cab collides frontallyZcAs an optimization target, the horizontal distance d between a steering wheel and a dummy at the time of a frontal collision of a cab of a commercial vehicleZbAnd the vertical distance d between the steering wheel and the dummy when the double A columns collideAcAnd the horizontal distance d between the steering wheel and the dummy when the double A columns collideAbTorsional rigidity q of commercial vehicle cab1Bending stiffness q of cab of commercial vehicle2As a constraint.
Preferably, the multi-objective algorithm includes PESA, SPEA2 and NSGA-II. And combining a multi-objective optimization method. The population number was 200, the number of iterations was 1500, and the optimal solution was obtained, see table 3.
TABLE 3 comparison of parameters before and after optimization
Figure BDA0003470639030000091
The performance indexes before and after the lightweight optimization of the cab are compared, see table 4.
TABLE 4 comparison of Performance indicators before and after cab optimization
Cab performance Initial value Optimized value Optimizing front-to-back contrast
m/kg 252.6 235.34 -6.83％
q1/mm 0.93 1.06 13.98％
q2/mm 1.04 1.12 7.69％
dzb/mm 9.72 14.09 44.96％
dzc/mm 14.21 14.89 4.79％
dAa/mm 31.65 30.99 -2.15％
dAc/mm 22.44 21.69 -3.33％
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A commercial vehicle cab light weight optimization design method based on collision safety is characterized in that: comprises the steps of (a) preparing a mixture of a plurality of raw materials,
establishing a cab body three-dimensional model, establishing a cab body system finite element analysis model according to the three-dimensional model, and analyzing the torsional rigidity and the bending rigidity of a cab structure;
establishing a finite element analysis system for collision safety of a commercial vehicle cab, carrying out simulation analysis on a whole vehicle collision test of the commercial vehicle cab, and extracting a cab collision safety performance index and a worst collision safety index;
by applying a cab optimization design variable screening method, comprehensively considering the degree of influence of component quality change on the rigidity performance of the cab, and extracting the plate thickness with a high sensitivity value as a key design variable;
an approximate model of the whole vehicle system of the cab of the commercial vehicle is constructed by an approximate model construction method to replace an original complex model of the cab of the commercial vehicle;
and establishing a cab lightweight optimization design mathematical model, substituting the key plate thickness design variable into the mathematical model by using a multi-objective algorithm, and performing iterative calculation to obtain the best quality of the cab of the commercial vehicle and the collision safety performance index of the cab of the commercial vehicle.
2. The collision safety-based commercial vehicle cab light-weight optimization design method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cab light weight optimization design mathematical model is as follows,
Figure FDA0003470639020000011
Figure FDA0003470639020000012
x＝[x1,x2,···,xn]T
wherein x is a key design variable of the plate thickness of the cab component; (x) is a target variable; f. ofk(x) Is an objective function subfunction, namely a plurality of objectives needing optimization; gpAnd hqAre all constraint conditions; Ω is a feasible region, x ═ x1,x2,…,xn]TIs a variable space.
3. The collision safety-based commercial vehicle cab light-weight optimization design method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: when a cab lightweight optimization design mathematical model is established, the quality of the cab of the commercial vehicle and the worst collision safety performance index are taken as optimization targets, and the collision safety performance index of the cab of the commercial vehicle, the torsional rigidity and the bending rigidity of the cab of the commercial vehicle are taken as constraints.
4. The collision safety-based commercial vehicle cab light-weight optimization design method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the cab collision safety performance index refers to the horizontal distance and the vertical distance between the cab and the dummy model before the simulation analysis of the cab collision test of the commercial vehicle is started.
5. The collision safety-based commercial vehicle cab light-weight optimization design method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the worst collision safety performance index refers to the minimum distance in the horizontal distance and the vertical distance between the cab body and the dummy model before the simulation analysis of the cab collision test of the commercial vehicle starts.
6. The collision safety-based commercial vehicle cab light-weight optimization design method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: the screening method for the optimization design variables of the commercial vehicle cab comprises sensitive analysis, contribution degree analysis and a random forest method.
7. The collision safety-based commercial vehicle cab light-weight optimization design method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the approximate model construction method comprises a response surface method, a radial basis function method, a support vector machine regression method, a Kriging method and a parallel multipoint-based Kriging method.
8. The collision safety-based commercial vehicle cab light-weight optimization design method according to claim 7, characterized in that: the commercial vehicle cab collision test comprises a front collision test, a double-A-column collision test, a top pressure test and a rear wall strength test.
9. The collision safety-based commercial vehicle cab lightweight optimization design method according to claim 8, characterized in that: when a finite element analysis model of a commercial vehicle cab body system is established, a structural member of the commercial vehicle cab is divided into two-dimensional or three-dimensional units, and welding spots, bolts, seam welding, gluing and the like are connected by using one-dimensional units for simplification.
10. The method for designing a commercial vehicle cab light weight optimization based on collision safety as claimed in any one of claims 1, 2, 4, 7 or 9, wherein: the multi-objective algorithms include PESA, SPEA2 and NSGA-II.
CN202210041937.8A 2022-01-14 2022-01-14 Commercial vehicle cab lightweight optimization design method based on collision safety Pending CN114491806A (en)

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