CN114488947A - Contour error compensation method and device for grinding non-circular component - Google Patents

Contour error compensation method and device for grinding non-circular component Download PDF

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CN114488947A
CN114488947A CN202210079314.XA CN202210079314A CN114488947A CN 114488947 A CN114488947 A CN 114488947A CN 202210079314 A CN202210079314 A CN 202210079314A CN 114488947 A CN114488947 A CN 114488947A
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grinding
error
grinding wheel
contour
profile
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CN114488947B (en
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王立平
陈昶捷
曹宇中
王心东
李学崑
王冬
王超
付帅磊
张云
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Huachen Precision Equipment Kunshan Co ltd
Tsinghua University
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Huachen Precision Equipment Kunshan Co ltd
Tsinghua University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/404—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by control arrangements for compensation, e.g. for backlash, overshoot, tool offset, tool wear, temperature, machine construction errors, load, inertia
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/35—Nc in input of data, input till input file format
    • G05B2219/35408—Calculate new position data from actual data to compensate for contour error

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Abstract

The application discloses a contour error compensation method and a contour error compensation device for grinding a non-circular component, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of calculating a first contour error caused by the width of a grinding wheel at any instantaneous position by using a preset multi-process grinding simulation model for grinding the surface of the non-circular component to form a curve contour, calculating a corrected target contour curve according to the contour error, calculating a second contour error caused by the abrasion of the grinding wheel at any instantaneous position by using the multi-process grinding simulation model, calculating a continuous feeding compensation value according to the second contour error, and compensating the contour error of the curve contour formed by grinding the surface of the non-circular component by combining the corrected target contour curve and the continuous feeding compensation value. Therefore, the technical problems that the related technology can not quantize the contour error of the instantaneous position, only can rely on the experience of workers to compensate by a trial-and-error method, the compensation effect is poor and the efficiency is low are solved.

Description

Contour error compensation method and device for grinding non-circular component
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of grinding, in particular to a contour error compensation method and device for non-circular component grinding.
Background
When a non-circular component such as a roller, a crankshaft, a spiral rotor, a worm and the like is used for creating a high-precision curve profile, grinding finish machining is usually required, and during the grinding machining process, the profile precision is influenced by factors such as mounting precision of a grinding machine, positioning precision, spindle stability, a grinding wheel and the like, wherein over-cut and under-cut caused by grinding wheel width and grinding wheel abrasion are main factors influencing the profile precision at present.
Because the contact area of the grinding wheel and the workpiece is always in a complex dynamic surface contact state in the grinding process, the contour error compensation method in the related technology cannot quantify the contour error of the instantaneous position, and only can compensate by a trial-and-error method depending on the experience of workers, so that the compensation effect is poor and the efficiency is low. Therefore, how to quantitatively calculate the profile error of the instantaneous position caused by the width of the grinding wheel and the abrasion of the grinding wheel and provide an effective compensation method is a key technical problem to be solved urgently.
In the actual production process, the profile error caused by the width of the grinding wheel is caused by the geometric characteristics of the grinding wheel and a workpiece, so that an optimal correction value can be found according to geometric modeling, and the error caused by the abrasion of the grinding wheel can be quantitatively calculated by using a grinding ratio. The grinding ratio is the ratio of the removal volume of the workpiece to the abrasion volume of the grinding wheel, and is determined by the materials, models, grinding process parameters, cooling and lubricating conditions and other factors of the workpiece and the grinding wheel. The steady-state abrasion stage occupies most of the time under the normal working condition, and the grinding ratio is basically kept unchanged, so that in order to quantitatively calculate the abrasion of the grinding wheel, an abrasion simulation model of the grinding wheel based on the grinding ratio needs to be established.
In the related art, there is no standard and effective means for controlling the width of the grinding wheel and the profile error caused by the abrasion of the grinding wheel in the grinding process of the non-circular component, and particularly, how to quantitatively decompose and characterize the error forming principle, and a corresponding profile error compensation method is provided, so that improvement is needed.
Content of application
The application provides a contour error compensation method and a contour error compensation device for non-circular component grinding, which are used for solving the technical problems that the contour error of an instantaneous position cannot be quantified in the related art, the compensation can only be carried out by a trial-and-error method depending on the experience of workers, the compensation effect is poor, the efficiency is low and the like.
The embodiment of the first aspect of the application provides a contour error compensation method for grinding a non-circular component, which comprises the following steps: calculating a first contour error caused by the width of a grinding wheel at any instantaneous position by using a preset multi-process grinding simulation model for grinding the surface of a non-circular component to form a curve contour, and calculating a corrected target contour curve according to the contour error; calculating a second contour error caused by abrasion of the grinding wheel at any instantaneous position by using the multi-procedure grinding simulation model, and calculating a continuous feeding compensation value according to the second contour error; and compensating the profile error of the curve profile generated by grinding the surface of the non-circular component by combining the corrected target profile curve and the continuous feeding compensation value, wherein the multi-process grinding simulation model is established according to the grinding ratio after being represented by a surface height matrix of a grinding wheel and the non-circular component.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the calculation formula of the grinding ratio is:
Figure BDA0003485444750000021
wherein G isrFor said grinding ratio, Δ VWRemoval of volume, Δ V, for workpiece materialGFor the grinding wheel wear volume, L is the transverse length of the non-circular member, B is the grinding wheel width, R 'and R are the workpiece mean radii after and before grinding, respectively, and R' and R are the workpiece mean radii after and before grinding, respectivelyMean radius of wheel before grinding, nWAnd nGThe rotating speeds of the workpiece and the grinding wheel are respectively, and dl is the transverse length infinitesimal of the workpiece and the grinding wheel.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, an error calculation formula of the first profile error is:
Figure BDA0003485444750000022
Figure BDA0003485444750000023
wherein, EO1Error vector of overcut profile caused by width of the grinding wheel, f (i) standard profile coordinate value of workpiece at coordinate point i, a transverse grinding motion count, AmFor transverse meshing of unit lengths, H, of work and grinding wheelsG(i) Is the surface height vector of the grinding wheel at the transverse coordinate i, SW is the step width of the workpiece for transverse grinding, EU1The vector of the under-cut profile error caused by the width of the grinding wheel.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the profile correction value in the corrected target profile curve is calculated by the following formula:
Figure BDA0003485444750000024
where CM is the correction value of the target profile curve, KiIs the slope of the profile curve f (x) at the transverse coordinate i, f' (x) is the first derivative of the profile curve, x is the transverse coordinate of the profile curve.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, an error calculation formula of the second profile error is:
Figure BDA0003485444750000025
wherein, EU2Under-cut profile error vector caused by abrasion of grinding wheel, j is transverse coordinate value, and the value range is closed interval
Figure BDA0003485444750000026
Is an integer of (1).
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the continuous feeding compensation value is calculated by the following formula:
Figure BDA0003485444750000031
wherein CF is the continuous feed compensation value, p is the grinding pass, vLAnd h is the calculated length of the Wear sample, and Wear is the contact area grinding wheel Wear value calculated by the grinding simulation model.
The embodiment of the second aspect of the application provides a contour error compensation device for grinding a non-circular component, which comprises: the first calculation module is used for calculating a first contour error caused by the width of a grinding wheel at any instantaneous position by using a preset multi-process grinding simulation model for grinding the surface of a non-circular component to form a curve contour, and calculating a corrected target contour curve according to the contour error; the second calculation module is used for calculating a second contour error caused by abrasion of the grinding wheel at any instantaneous position by using the multi-process grinding simulation model and calculating a continuous feeding compensation value according to the second contour error; and the compensation module is used for compensating the profile error of the curve profile generated by grinding the surface of the non-circular component by combining the corrected target profile curve and the continuous feeding compensation value, wherein the multi-process grinding simulation model is established according to the grinding ratio after being represented by a surface height matrix of a grinding wheel and the non-circular component.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the calculation formula of the grinding ratio is:
Figure BDA0003485444750000032
wherein Gr is the grinding ratio, Δ VWRemoval of volume, Δ V, for workpiece materialGFor the grinding wheel wear volume, L is the transverse length of the non-circular member, B is the grinding wheel width, R 'and R are the workpiece mean radii after and before grinding, respectively, R' and R are the grinding wheel mean radii after and before grinding, respectively, nWAnd nGThe rotating speeds of the workpiece and the grinding wheel are respectively, and dl is the transverse length infinitesimal of the workpiece and the grinding wheel.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, an error calculation formula of the first profile error is:
Figure BDA0003485444750000033
Figure BDA0003485444750000034
wherein, EO1Error vector of overcut profile caused by width of the grinding wheel, f (i) standard profile coordinate value of workpiece at coordinate point i, a transverse grinding motion count, AmFor transverse meshing of unit lengths, H, of work and grinding wheelsG(i) Is the surface height vector of the grinding wheel at the transverse coordinate i, SW is the step width of the workpiece for transverse grinding, EU1The vector of the under-cut profile error caused by the width of the grinding wheel.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the profile correction value in the corrected target profile curve is calculated by the following formula:
Figure BDA0003485444750000035
where CM is the correction value of the target profile curve, KiIs the slope of the profile curve f (x) at the transverse coordinate i, f' (x) is the first derivative of the profile curve, x is the transverse coordinate of the profile curve.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, an error calculation formula of the second profile error is:
Figure BDA0003485444750000041
wherein, EU2Under-cut profile error vector caused by abrasion of grinding wheel, j is transverse coordinate value, and the value range is closed interval
Figure BDA0003485444750000042
Is an integer of (1).
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the continuous feeding compensation value is calculated by the following formula:
Figure BDA0003485444750000043
wherein CF is the continuous feed compensation value, p is the grinding pass, vLAnd h is the calculated length of the Wear sample, and Wear is the contact area grinding wheel Wear value calculated by the grinding simulation model.
An embodiment of a third aspect of the present application provides an electronic device, including: a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor executing the program to implement the contour error compensation method for grinding non-round members as described in the above embodiments.
A fourth aspect embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program for execution by a processor for implementing a method of profile error compensation for grinding of non-round components as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5.
According to the embodiment of the application, before grinding, the workpiece processing contour and the corresponding grinding wheel abrasion are predicted by using the preset multi-process grinding simulation model for generating the curve contour by grinding the surface of the non-circular component, the contour error of each instantaneous position is calculated, the corresponding compensation value is generated in a targeted manner, the problem that the contour error is difficult to compensate in the non-circular component grinding process can be effectively solved, and the contour accuracy of the non-circular component is effectively improved. Therefore, the problems that when grinding errors of the non-circular component are calculated in the related art, how to carry out quantitative decomposition and the error forming principle representation cannot be solved, a corresponding contour error compensation method cannot be provided, and grinding machining of the non-circular component is not facilitated are solved.
Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the present application.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a profile error compensation method for grinding non-round components according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a multi-process grinding simulation model calculation according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 illustrates the roll profile and its errors before and after compensation is added during grinding of the roll surface to create a high precision CVC roll profile according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a contour error compensation device for grinding a non-circular component according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used for explaining the present application and should not be construed as limiting the present application.
The following describes a contour error compensation method and apparatus for grinding a non-circular member according to an embodiment of the present application with reference to the drawings. In order to solve the problems that the profile error of the instantaneous position cannot be quantified and can only be compensated by a trial and error method depending on the experience of workers, and the compensation effect is poor and the efficiency is low in the related technology mentioned in the background technology center, the application provides the profile error compensation method for grinding the non-circular component. Therefore, the technical problems that the profile error of the instantaneous position cannot be quantified in the related technology, only the compensation can be carried out by a trial and error method depending on the experience of workers, the compensation effect is poor, the efficiency is low and the like are solved.
Specifically, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a contour error compensation method for grinding a non-circular component according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 1, the contour error compensation method for grinding a non-circular member includes the steps of:
in step S101, a first contour error caused by the width of the grinding wheel at an arbitrary instantaneous position is calculated using a multi-process grinding simulation model in which a curve contour is created by grinding the surface of a predetermined non-circular member, and a corrected target contour curve is calculated from the contour error.
It is understood that non-circular components, such as rolls, crankshafts, helical rotors, worms, etc., generally require finish grinding when creating a high-precision curved profile, and during the grinding process, the profile precision is generally affected by factors such as mounting precision of a grinding machine, positioning precision, spindle stability, grinding wheels, etc., wherein the width of the grinding wheel and the over-cut and under-cut caused by abrasion of the grinding wheel are the main factors currently affecting the profile precision. According to the method and the device, the first contour error caused by the width of the grinding wheel at any instantaneous position can be calculated by utilizing a preset multi-process grinding simulation model for grinding the surface of the non-circular component to form the curve contour, and the corrected target contour curve is calculated according to the contour error, so that a basis is provided for a follow-up design contour error compensation method, and further the contour accuracy of the non-circular component in the grinding process is improved.
In one embodiment of the present application, an error calculation formula of the first profile error is:
Figure BDA0003485444750000051
Figure BDA0003485444750000052
wherein, EO1Error vector of overcut profile caused by width of grinding wheel, f (i) standard profile coordinate value of workpiece at coordinate point i, a transverse grinding motion count, AmIs the unit length of the workpiece and the grinding wheel in transverse gridding, B is the width of the grinding wheel, HG(f) Is the surface height vector of the grinding wheel at the transverse coordinate f, SW is the step width of the workpiece for transverse grinding, EU1The vector of the under-cut profile error caused by the width of the grinding wheel.
It can be understood that in the embodiment of the application, the first contour error caused by the width of the grinding wheel at any instantaneous position is calculated by utilizing a multi-process grinding simulation model for grinding the surface of the preset non-circular component to form the curve contour, so that a data basis can be provided for a subsequent design contour error compensation method, and the contour accuracy of the non-circular component in the grinding process is further improved.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the profile correction value in the corrected target profile curve is calculated by the following formula:
Figure BDA0003485444750000061
where CM is the correction value of the target profile curve, KiIs the slope of the profile curve f (x) at a transverse coordinate i, AmThe unit length is gridded for the workpiece and wheel transverse direction, B is the wheel width, SW is the step width for workpiece transverse grinding, f' (x) is the first derivative of the profile curve, and x is the abscissa of the profile curve.
It can be understood that, by calculating the profile correction value, the embodiment of the application can further reduce the influence of the first profile error on the grinding process of the non-circular component and improve the profile accuracy of the non-circular component in the grinding process.
In step S102, a second profile error caused by the abrasion of the grinding wheel at an arbitrary instantaneous position is calculated using the multi-process grinding simulation model, and a continuous feed compensation value is calculated based on the second profile error.
In the actual implementation process, in order to solve the problems that in the conventional contour error compensation method, the contour error of the instantaneous position cannot be quantized, the compensation can only be performed by a trial and error method depending on the experience of workers, the compensation effect is poor, and the efficiency is low, the second contour error caused by the abrasion of the grinding wheel at any instantaneous position can be calculated by using a multi-process grinding simulation model, and the continuous feeding compensation value is calculated according to the second contour error, so that the contour accuracy of the non-circular component in the grinding process is improved.
In an embodiment of the present application, an error calculation formula of the second profile error is:
Figure BDA0003485444750000062
wherein, EU2Under-cut profile error vector, H, for grinding wheel wearG(j) Is the surface height vector of the grinding wheel at the position where the transverse coordinate is j, j is the transverse coordinate value, and the value range is a closed interval
Figure BDA0003485444750000063
Is an integer of (1).
Further, in one embodiment of the present application, the continuous feed compensation value is calculated by the formula:
Figure BDA0003485444750000064
wherein CF is a continuous feeding compensation value, p is a grinding pass, vLThe transverse grinding speed, h, the abrasion sampling calculation length and Wear are the contact area grinding wheel mill obtained by the grinding simulation model calculationAnd B is the width of the grinding wheel.
It can be understood that, by calculating the second profile error and performing continuous feed compensation according to the second profile error, the embodiment of the application can further reduce the influence of the second profile error on the grinding process of the non-circular component and improve the profile accuracy of the non-circular component in the grinding process.
In summary, the contour error compensation value of the non-circular component grinding can be determined according to the contour error, the contour error caused by the width of the grinding wheel is compensated by correcting the target contour curve, and the contour error caused by the abrasion of the grinding wheel is compensated by applying the continuous feeding compensation value.
In step S103, a profile error of a curved profile generated by grinding the surface of the non-circular member is compensated by combining the corrected target profile curve and the continuous feed compensation value, wherein a multi-process grinding simulation model is established according to a grinding ratio after the grinding wheel and the non-circular member are represented by a surface height matrix.
As a possible implementation manner, in the embodiment of the present application, a multi-step grinding simulation model may be established according to a grinding ratio after a grinding wheel and a non-circular component are represented by a surface height matrix in advance, so that a profile error of a curve profile created by grinding the surface of the non-circular component is compensated by combining a target profile curve obtained by using the simulation model and a continuous feed compensation value.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the calculation formula of the grinding ratio is:
Figure BDA0003485444750000071
wherein Gr is the grinding ratio, Δ VWRemoval of volume, Δ V, for workpiece materialGL is the transverse length of the non-circular member, B is the width of the grinding wheel, R 'and R are the mean radius of the workpiece after and before grinding, R'And r is the mean radius of the wheel after and before grinding, nWAnd nGThe rotating speeds of the workpiece and the grinding wheel are respectively, and dl is the transverse length infinitesimal of the workpiece and the grinding wheel.
According to the formula, the non-circular component multi-process grinding overall process simulation model can be established. Among them, the present application first defines the surface height matrix of the non-circular member and the grinding wheel as follows:
Figure BDA0003485444750000072
Figure BDA0003485444750000073
wherein HWIs a surface height matrix of the non-circular member, [ 0]]Is a matrix with elements all 0, Ri，jIs the radius of the workpiece at the position with the transverse width i and the circumferential angle j, HGIs a surface height matrix of the grinding wheel, ri，jThe radius of the grinding wheel at the position with the transverse width i and the circumferential angle j, L is the transverse length of the non-circular component, B is the width of the grinding wheel, AmFor transverse meshing of unit lengths, C, of work and grinding wheelsWUnit angle of gridding, C, for non-circular member circumferenceGIs the gridding unit angle of the circumferential direction of the grinding wheel.
Secondly, defining a material removal rule of a contact area between the grinding wheel and the workpiece, and quantitatively calculating workpiece material removal and grinding wheel abrasion by using a grinding ratio, wherein dt is used as a calculated step time interval:
Figure BDA0003485444750000074
Figure BDA0003485444750000075
Figure BDA0003485444750000081
CHW-A＝CHG，
Wear＝(CHW-CHG)×Gr，
CHG-A＝CHG-Wear，
Figure BDA0003485444750000082
wherein, CHWIs a surface height matrix, CH, of the workpiece contact areaGIs a surface height matrix of the grinding wheel contact area, thetadIs the angle of the contact area of the grinding wheel and the workpiece, CmIs the gridded unit angle corresponding to the contact angle, Gr is the grinding ratio, Delta VWRemoval of volume, Δ V, for workpiece materialGFor the wear volume of the grinding wheel, R 'and R are the radii of the workpiece after grinding and before grinding, respectively, R' and R are the radii of the grinding wheel after grinding and before grinding, respectively, nWAnd nGRespectively the rotation speeds of the workpiece and the grinding wheel, dl is the transverse length infinitesimal of the workpiece and the grinding wheel, CHW-AFor a matrix of surface heights of contact areas of ground workpieces, a matrix of Wear values for Wear areas of Wear wheels, CHG-AFor the surface height matrix of the contact area of the grinding wheel after grinding, dt is the calculated step time interval, thetaWAnd thetaGRespectively the contact angles of the workpiece and the grinding wheel in the contact area.
And (3) defining the relative motion of the grinding wheel and the workpiece by matrix operation:
Figure BDA0003485444750000083
Figure BDA0003485444750000084
Figure BDA0003485444750000085
GW＝(ga，ga+1，…，gL+B，g1，…，ga-1)T，
Figure BDA0003485444750000086
Figure BDA0003485444750000087
Figure BDA0003485444750000088
Figure BDA0003485444750000089
wherein the floor () function represents rounding down, n is step count, grinding a pass n is a closed interval [1,
Figure BDA00034854447500000810
v is an integer ofLFor transverse grinding speed, a is transverse grinding motion count, b is non-circular component circumferential rotation motion count, c is grinding wheel circumferential rotation motion count, ei＝(0，…0，1，0，…0)TThat only the ith element is 1
Figure BDA00034854447500000811
Vector of dimension, gj(0, … 0, 1, 0, … 0) is an (L + B) -dimensional row vector with only the jth element being 1, GWFor transverse grinding motion matrix of work, TWIs a matrix of the rotational motion of the workpiece,
Figure BDA00034854447500000812
for a matrix of workpiece surface heights, T, after grinding iterations with a step count of nGIs a matrix of the rotational motion of the grinding wheel,
Figure BDA0003485444750000091
and the step count is a grinding wheel surface height matrix after grinding iteration when the step count is n.
Calculating the profile error of any instantaneous position caused by the width of the grinding wheel and the abrasion of the grinding wheel:
Figure BDA0003485444750000092
Figure BDA0003485444750000093
Figure BDA0003485444750000094
Figure BDA0003485444750000095
wherein, EO1An over-cut error vector for the width of the wheel, f (i) a standard profile coordinate value for the workpiece at coordinate point i, HG(i) Is the surface height vector of the grinding wheel at the transverse coordinate i, SW is the step width of the workpiece for transverse grinding, EU1Under-cut error vector, EU, for grinding wheel width2Under-cut error vector caused by abrasion of grinding wheel, j is transverse coordinate value, and the value range is closed interval
Figure BDA0003485444750000096
Is an integer of (1).
In summary, the embodiment of the present application can calculate the width of the grinding wheel at the instantaneous position and the workpiece profile error caused by the abrasion of the grinding wheel according to the simulation model, and respectively adopt different methods to perform error compensation according to the difference of the reasons causing the error, such as: for errors caused by the width of the grinding wheel, the embodiment of the application can compensate by correcting a target profile curve; for errors caused by grinding wheel abrasion, the embodiment of the application can compensate by applying a continuous feeding compensation value. According to the embodiment of the application, two error compensation methods respectively aiming at the width of the grinding wheel and the abrasion of the grinding wheel are combined, so that the problem that the contour error is difficult to compensate in the grinding process of the non-circular component can be effectively solved, the contour precision of the non-circular component is effectively improved, and the production quality and the production efficiency are further improved.
A specific embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to fig. 2 and 3.
As shown in fig. 2, the flow chart of the multi-process grinding simulation model calculation is input with the following parameters: the length L of the roll is 2080mm, the radius R of the roll is 345mm, the radius R of the grinding wheel is 444mm, the width B of the grinding wheel is 100mm, the grinding process s is 1, the grinding pass p is 4, and the transverse grid unit am1mm, circumferential grid cell Cm0.1 ° grinding depth ad0.02mm transverse grinding speed vL1600mm/min and the roller speed nW25r/min, grinding wheel speed vGGrinding ratio G of 25m/srThe roll profile equation f (x), the continuous feed CF ═ 0, and the roll profile correction compensation value CM.
The symbols of the parameters and their meanings appear hereinafter as indicated in table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0003485444750000101
Wherein G isrThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
Figure BDA0003485444750000102
in the embodiment of the application, three flat roll grinding experiments are carried out, the average value of the grinding ratio under the experimental working condition is measured and calculated, and G is obtainedr＝3.969。
The convexity of the CVC curve roll form selected in the experiment is 0.5mm, and the roll form equation is as follows:
f(x)＝1.12917×10-3x-1.28205×10-6x2+4.10914×10-10x3。
aiming at the input parameters, an MATLAB grinding simulation model is established, and the surface heights of the grinding wheel and the roller are quantitatively expressed by a matrix:
HW＝[[0]50×2789 [Ri，j]2080×2789 [0]50×2789]，
HG＝[ri，j]100×3600。
defining the material removal rule of the grinding wheel and the roller, quantitatively calculating the roller material removal and the grinding wheel abrasion according to the grinding ratio, and taking dt as a calculated step time interval:
CHW＝[Ri，j]100×20，
CHG＝[ri，j]100×20，
Gr＝3.969，
CHW-A＝CHG，
Wear＝3.969(CHW-CHG)，
CHG-A＝CHG-Wear，
dt＝5×10-5min。
the relative motion of the grinding wheel and the roller is defined by matrix operation:
a＝floor(0.08n)，
b＝floor(5.791n)，
c＝floor(96.783n)，
GW＝(ga，ga+1，…，g2180，g1，…，ga-1)T，
TW＝(eb，eb+1，…，e2789，e1，…，eb-1)，
Figure BDA0003485444750000115
TG＝(gc，…，g3600，g1，…，gc-1)T，
Figure BDA0003485444750000111
wherein e isi＝(0，…0，1，0，…0)TIs a 2789-dimensional column vector, g, with only the ith element being 1j(0, … 0, 1, 0, … 0) is 3600 dimension row vector with the jth element as 1, and grinding pass n is a closed interval [1, 26977 ]]Is an integer of (1).
Calculating the profile error of any instantaneous position caused by the width of the grinding wheel and the abrasion of the grinding wheel:
EO1＝f(a-50)-HG(a-50)，
Figure BDA0003485444750000112
EU1＝HG(a+14)-f(a+14)，
Figure BDA0003485444750000113
wherein j is a transverse coordinate value, and the numeric area is an integer of a closed interval [ a-50, a +50 ].
For profile errors caused by the width of the grinding wheel, compensation is made by correcting the grinding target curve:
Figure BDA0003485444750000114
for profile errors caused by grinding wheel wear, compensation is made by applying a continuous feed:
Figure BDA0003485444750000121
further checking the effectiveness of the proposed grinding profile error compensation method, grinding with the same process and process parameters before and after adding compensation, and measuring the roll profile curve of the roll,the obtained roll profile curves before and after compensation are respectively m1(x)、m2(x) And f (x) is a standard roll shape curve, and the evaluation indexes of roll shape errors are calculated as follows:
EU1＝max(m1(x)-f(x))＝15.16μm，
ED1＝max(f(x)-m1(x))＝30.78μm，
ET1＝EU1+ED1＝45.94μm，
Figure BDA0003485444750000122
EU2＝ax(m2(x)-f(x))＝11.03μm，
ED2＝max(f(x)-m2(x))＝20.50μm，
ET2＝EU2+ED2＝31.53μm，
Figure BDA0003485444750000123
Figure BDA0003485444750000124
Figure BDA0003485444750000125
wherein E isU1And EU2Compensating for the maximum upper deviation of the front and rear roll profiles, respectively, ED1And ED2Compensating for the maximum lower deviation of the front and rear roll profiles, respectively, ET1And ET2Compensating for the total deviation of the front and rear roll profiles, respectively, EA1And EA2Compensating for the mean deviation of the front and rear roll profiles, P, respectivelyTFor the percentage reduction of the total deviation of the compensated front roll profile after compensation, PAFor the percentage of the average deviation reduction after compensation compared to the front compensation roll profile, the comparison results are shown in Table 2 for the front and rear compensation roll profilesError comparison:
TABLE 2
Error term Before compensation After compensation
EU(μm) 15.16 11.03
ED(μm) 30.78 20.50
ET(μm) 45.94 31.53
EA(μm) 8.96 4.94
PT 31.37％
PA 44.87％
Table 2 shows comparison of error data of the CVC roll profile created by grinding the roll surface obtained in the examples of the present application before and after increasing the offset value. After the non-circular component is ground by the embodiment of the application, all deviations of the roller shape of the roller are greatly improved, and the total deviation E of the roller shape of the rollerTThe average deviation E of the roller profile is reduced by 31.37 percentAThe reduction is 44.87%. Therefore, the contour accuracy can be effectively improved, and the contour error is reduced.
According to the contour error compensation method for non-circular component grinding, the contour error caused by the width of the grinding wheel and the abrasion of the grinding wheel at the instantaneous position can be calculated quantitatively, so that the targeted compensation is performed based on the contour error, the calculation is more accurate and reliable, the compensation effect is effectively improved, and the compensation efficiency is ensured. Therefore, the technical problems that the related technology can not quantize the contour error of the instantaneous position, only can rely on the experience of workers to compensate by a trial-and-error method, the compensation effect is poor, the efficiency is low and the like are solved.
Next, a profile error compensation apparatus for grinding a non-circular member according to an embodiment of the present application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a profile error compensation apparatus for grinding non-round components in accordance with an embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 4, the contour error compensating apparatus 10 for grinding a non-round member includes: a calculation module 100, an error acquisition module 200 and a compensation module 300.
Specifically, the calculation module 100 is used for calculating the surface creation curve profile of the non-circular component and the abrasion of the grinding wheel in the grinding process.
And the error acquisition module 200 is used for acquiring the profile error of any instantaneous position caused by the width of the grinding wheel and the abrasion of the grinding wheel according to the abrasion of the grinding wheel.
And the compensation module 300 is used for determining a contour error compensation value for grinding the non-circular component according to the contour error and performing grinding wheel abrasion compensation according to the contour error compensation value.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the error obtaining module is further configured to input the profile error into a preset simulation model, and the simulation model obtains the profile error caused by the width of the grinding wheel and the wear of the grinding wheel, wherein the simulation model is constructed by a matrix of the height of the surface of the non-circular member and the height of the surface of the grinding wheel.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the compensation module 300 includes: an acquisition unit and a compensation unit.
The acquisition unit is used for compensating and acquiring a compensation value corresponding to the profile error according to a preset corrected grinding target curve.
A compensation unit for compensating for the profile error by applying the continuous feed according to the compensation value.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the calculation formula of the grinding ratio is:
Figure BDA0003485444750000141
wherein Gr is the grinding ratio, Δ VWRemoval of volume, Δ V, for workpiece materialGFor the grinding wheel wear volume, L is the transverse length of the non-circular member, B is the grinding wheel width, R 'and R are the workpiece mean radii after and before grinding, respectively, R' and R are the grinding wheel mean radii after and before grinding, respectively, nWAnd nGThe rotating speeds of the workpiece and the grinding wheel are respectively, and dl is the transverse length infinitesimal of the workpiece and the grinding wheel.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the error calculation formula of the first profile error is:
Figure BDA0003485444750000142
Figure BDA0003485444750000143
wherein, EO1Error vector of overcut profile caused by width of grinding wheel, f (i) standard profile of workpiece at coordinate point iCoordinate values, a for transverse grinding movement count, AmFor transverse meshing of unit lengths, H, of work and grinding wheelsG(f) Is the surface height vector of the grinding wheel at the transverse coordinate i, SW is the step width of the workpiece for transverse grinding, EU1The vector of the under-cut profile error caused by the width of the grinding wheel.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the profile correction value in the corrected target profile curve is calculated by the following formula:
Figure BDA0003485444750000144
where CM is the correction value of the target profile curve, KiIs the slope of the profile curve f (x) at the transverse coordinate i, f' (x) is the first derivative of the profile curve, and x is the transverse coordinate of the profile curve.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the error calculation formula of the second profile error is:
Figure BDA0003485444750000145
wherein, EU2Under-cut profile error vector caused by abrasion of grinding wheel, j is transverse coordinate value, and the value range is closed interval
Figure BDA0003485444750000146
Is an integer of (1).
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the continuous feed compensation value is calculated by the following formula:
Figure BDA0003485444750000147
wherein CF is a continuous feed compensation value, p is a grinding pass, vLThe transverse grinding speed is, h is the calculated length of the Wear sample, and Wear is the contact area grinding wheel Wear value calculated by the grinding simulation model.
It should be noted that the foregoing explanation of the embodiment of the contour error compensation method for grinding a non-circular member also applies to the contour error compensation device for grinding a non-circular member of this embodiment, and will not be described again here.
According to the contour error compensation device for grinding the non-circular component, provided by the embodiment of the application, the contour error caused by the width of the grinding wheel and the abrasion of the grinding wheel at the instantaneous position can be calculated quantitatively, so that the targeted compensation is performed based on the contour error, the calculation is more accurate and reliable, the compensation effect is effectively improved, and the compensation efficiency is ensured. Therefore, the technical problems that the related technology can not quantize the contour error of the instantaneous position, only can rely on the experience of workers to compensate by a trial-and-error method, the compensation effect is poor, the efficiency is low and the like are solved.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application. The electronic device may include:
a memory 501, a processor 502, and a computer program stored on the memory 501 and executable on the processor 502.
The processor 502, when executing a program, implements the contour error compensation method for non-round component grinding provided in the above-described embodiments.
Further, the electronic device further includes:
a communication interface 503 for communication between the memory 501 and the processor 502.
A memory 501 for storing computer programs that can be run on the processor 502.
The memory 501 may comprise high-speed RAM memory, and may also include non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as at least one disk memory.
If the memory 501, the processor 502 and the communication interface 503 are implemented independently, the communication interface 503, the memory 501 and the processor 502 may be connected to each other through a bus and perform communication with each other. The bus may be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, an Extended ISA (EISA) bus, or the like. The bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, only one thick line is shown in FIG. 5, but this is not intended to represent only one bus or type of bus.
Optionally, in a specific implementation, if the memory 501, the processor 502, and the communication interface 503 are integrated on a chip, the memory 501, the processor 502, and the communication interface 503 may complete communication with each other through an internal interface.
The processor 502 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or one or more Integrated circuits configured to implement embodiments of the present Application.
The present embodiment also provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the contour error compensation method for non-circular member grinding as described above.
In the description of the present specification, reference to the description of "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples" or the like means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or N embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, "N" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
Any process or method descriptions in flow charts or otherwise described herein may be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more N executable instructions for implementing steps of a custom logic function or process, and alternate implementations are included within the scope of the preferred embodiment of the present application in which functions may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of implementing the embodiments of the present application.
It should be understood that portions of the present application may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, the N steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. If implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, any one or combination of the following techniques, which are known in the art, may be used: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function on a data signal, an application specific integrated circuit having an appropriate combinational logic gate circuit, a Programmable Gate Array (PGA), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or the like.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps carried by the method for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware related to instructions of a program, which may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and when the program is executed, the program includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.

Claims (10)

1. A profile error compensation method for grinding non-round components, comprising the steps of:
calculating a first contour error caused by the width of a grinding wheel at any instantaneous position by using a preset multi-process grinding simulation model for grinding the surface of a non-circular component to form a curve contour, and calculating a corrected target contour curve according to the contour error;
calculating a second contour error caused by abrasion of the grinding wheel at any instantaneous position by using the multi-procedure grinding simulation model, and calculating a continuous feeding compensation value according to the second contour error; and
and compensating the contour error of the curve contour formed by grinding the surface of the non-circular component by combining the corrected target contour curve and the continuous feeding compensation value, wherein the multi-process grinding simulation model is represented by a grinding wheel and the non-circular component by a surface height matrix and then is established according to a grinding ratio.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the grinding ratio is calculated by the formula:
Figure FDA0003485444740000011
wherein G isrFor said grinding ratio, Δ VWRemoval of volume, Δ V, for workpiece materialGFor the grinding wheel wear volume, L is the transverse length of the non-circular member, B is the grinding wheel width, R 'and R are the workpiece mean radii after and before grinding, respectively, R' and R are the grinding wheel mean radii after and before grinding, respectively, nWAnd nGThe rotating speeds of the workpiece and the grinding wheel are respectively, and dl is the transverse length infinitesimal of the workpiece and the grinding wheel.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the error calculation formula for the first profile error is:
Figure FDA0003485444740000012
Figure FDA0003485444740000013
wherein the content of the first and second substances,EO1error vector of overcut profile caused by width of the grinding wheel, f (i) standard profile coordinate value of workpiece at coordinate point i, a transverse grinding motion count, AmFor transverse meshing of unit lengths, H, of work and grinding wheelsG(i) Is the surface height vector of the grinding wheel at the transverse coordinate i, SW is the step width of the workpiece for transverse grinding, EU1The vector of the under-cut profile error caused by the width of the grinding wheel.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the profile correction value in the corrected target profile curve is calculated by the formula:
Figure FDA0003485444740000014
where CM is the correction value of the target profile curve, KiIs the slope of the profile curve f (x) at the transverse coordinate i, f' (x) is the first derivative of the profile curve, x is the transverse coordinate of the profile curve.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein the error of the second profile error is calculated by:
Figure FDA0003485444740000015
wherein, EU2Under-cut profile error vector caused by abrasion of grinding wheel, j is transverse coordinate value, and the value range is closed interval
Figure FDA0003485444740000021
Is an integer of (1).
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the continuous feed compensation value is calculated by the formula:
Figure FDA0003485444740000022
wherein CF is the continuous feed compensation value, p is the grinding pass, vLAnd h is the calculated length of the Wear sample, and Wear is the contact area grinding wheel Wear value calculated by the grinding simulation model.
7. A profile error compensation apparatus for grinding non-round components, comprising:
the first calculation module is used for calculating a first contour error caused by the width of a grinding wheel at any instantaneous position by using a preset multi-process grinding simulation model for grinding the surface of a non-circular component to form a curve contour, and calculating a corrected target contour curve according to the contour error;
the second calculation module is used for calculating a second contour error caused by abrasion of the grinding wheel at any instantaneous position by using the multi-process grinding simulation model and calculating a continuous feeding compensation value according to the second contour error; and
and the compensation module is used for compensating the profile error of the curve profile generated by grinding the surface of the non-circular component by combining the corrected target profile curve and the continuous feeding compensation value, wherein the multi-process grinding simulation model is established according to the grinding ratio after being represented by a surface height matrix by a grinding wheel and the non-circular component.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the grinding ratio is calculated by the formula:
Figure FDA0003485444740000023
wherein G isrFor said grinding ratio, Δ VWRemoval of volume, Δ V, for workpiece materialGFor the wear volume of the grinding wheel, L is the transverse length of the non-circular member, B is the width of the grinding wheel, R 'and R are the mean radii of the workpiece after and before grinding, respectively, and R' and R are the mean radii of the workpiece after and before grinding, respectivelyMean radius of the grinding wheel after and before grinding, nWAnd nGThe rotating speeds of the workpiece and the grinding wheel are respectively, and dl is the transverse length infinitesimal of the workpiece and the grinding wheel.
9. An electronic device, comprising: a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor executing the program to implement the contour error compensation method for grinding a non-circular member as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, the program being executed by a processor for implementing the contour error compensation method for grinding a non-round member according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
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