CN114488634A

CN114488634A - Transparent display device

Info

Publication number: CN114488634A
Application number: CN202011258202.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王龙; 彭依丹; 王志良
Original assignee: BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-11-12
Filing date: 2020-11-12
Publication date: 2022-05-13

Abstract

The invention discloses a transparent display device, which aims to solve the problem that the contrast ratio of the transparent display device is low due to metal reflection. The transparent display device has a liquid crystal cell including: the liquid crystal display panel comprises a first transparent substrate, a second transparent substrate and a liquid crystal layer, wherein the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate are oppositely arranged, and the liquid crystal layer is positioned between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate; the liquid crystal display panel comprises a first transparent substrate, a liquid crystal layer and a second transparent substrate, wherein a signal line is arranged on one side, facing the liquid crystal layer, of the first transparent substrate, and a shading pattern is arranged on one side, facing the liquid crystal layer, of the signal line, wherein the shading pattern covers the orthographic projection of the signal line on the first transparent substrate.

Description

Transparent display device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of transparent display, in particular to a transparent display device.

Background

With the development of the technology, the transparent display gradually comes into the life of people, and the transparent refrigerator, the transparent show window, the traffic sign, the transparent watch, the transparent vehicle-mounted display and the like have wide application prospects.

However, in the prior art, when a liquid crystal display and an organic semiconductor light emitting diode display are used for transparent display, the transmittance is low, the transmittance of the liquid crystal display is about 20% at most, and the organic light emitting display has the transmittance of more than 60%, but the problems of brightness attenuation and service life are obvious. Both the electrochromic display and the electrowetting display have relatively high transmittance but have a slow response speed, requiring several tens or hundreds of milliseconds. Moreover, most transparent displays only exhibit a transparent state when a voltage is applied, and are normally opaque. Therefore, the requirements for a novel transparent display technology which is transparent at ordinary times and has high transparency are obvious. In particular to the application in the aspect of vehicle-mounted and intelligent wearing.

However, the transparent display device of the prior art has the problem of low contrast ratio caused by metal reflection.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a transparent display device, which aims to solve the problem that the contrast ratio of the transparent display device is low due to metal reflection.

An embodiment of the present invention provides a transparent display device having a liquid crystal cell, where the liquid crystal cell includes: the liquid crystal display panel comprises a first transparent substrate, a second transparent substrate and a liquid crystal layer, wherein the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate are oppositely arranged, and the liquid crystal layer is positioned between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate;

one side of the first transparent substrate facing the liquid crystal layer is provided with a signal line, and the signal line is located facing the shading pattern on one side of the liquid crystal layer, wherein the shading pattern is in the orthographic projection of the first transparent substrate covers the orthographic projection of the first transparent substrate.

In one possible embodiment, the transparent display device includes: the side light source is positioned on the side face of the liquid crystal box, and the polymer is mixed in the liquid crystal layer, and the liquid crystal box is used as a first light guide plate;

the signal line comprises a first signal line, the extending direction of which is vertical to the light incidence direction of the side light source;

the light shielding patterns comprise first light shielding patterns with the extending direction being the same as the extending direction of the first signal lines, and the orthographic projection of the first light shielding patterns on the first transparent substrate covers the orthographic projection of the first signal lines on the first transparent substrate.

In one possible embodiment, the liquid crystal cell comprises: the first capacitor electrode is arranged on the same layer as the first signal line and is insulated from the first signal line, the common electrode lead is arranged on one side, away from the liquid crystal layer, of the first capacitor electrode, and the common electrode is arranged on one side, away from the common electrode lead, of the first capacitor electrode, and the common electrode is conducted with the common electrode lead through the first capacitor electrode;

the light shielding pattern further comprises a first extending portion extending from the first light shielding pattern to a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the first signal line, and the orthographic projection of the first extending portion on the first transparent substrate covers the orthographic projection of the first capacitor electrode on the first transparent substrate.

In one possible embodiment, the first signal line is a gate line; the liquid crystal cell includes: a gate electrode which is the same layer as the first signal line and is connected to the first signal line;

the light shielding pattern comprises a second extension part which extends from the first light shielding pattern to a direction vertical to the extension direction of the first signal line, wherein the orthographic projection of the second extension part on the first transparent substrate covers the orthographic projection of the grid electrode on the first transparent substrate, and the second extension part and the first extension part are respectively positioned on different sides of the first light shielding pattern.

In one possible embodiment, the liquid crystal cell comprises: the source electrode and the drain electrode are positioned on the first transparent substrate, and the source electrode, the drain electrode and the first signal line are positioned on different layers;

the light shielding pattern comprises a third extending portion extending from the first light shielding pattern to one side perpendicular to the extending direction of the first signal line, wherein the orthographic projection of the third extending portion on the first transparent substrate covers the orthographic projection of the drain electrode on the first transparent substrate, and the third extending portion and the second extending portion are located on the same side of the first light shielding pattern.

In one possible implementation, the signal line further includes a second signal line and a third signal line, the extending direction of which is perpendicular to the extending direction of the first signal line and which are located between two adjacent pixels; the second signal line is provided with a convex part extending along the extending direction parallel to the first signal line on one side departing from the third signal line;

the light shielding pattern further comprises a fourth extending portion extending from the first extending portion in a direction parallel to the extending direction of the first signal line, and the orthographic projection of the fourth extending portion on the first transparent substrate covers the orthographic projection of the protruding portion on the transparent substrate.

In one possible embodiment, the light shielding pattern includes a second light shielding pattern having an extending direction parallel to an extending direction of the third signal line;

the orthographic projection of the second shading pattern on the first transparent substrate covers the orthographic projection of the second signal line on the first transparent substrate, covers the orthographic projection of the third signal line on the first transparent substrate, and covers a gap between the second signal line and the third signal line.

In one possible embodiment, the first transparent substrate is provided with: the grid electrode insulating layer, the active layer, the etching barrier layer, the passivation protective layer, the first transparent electrode layer and the first alignment film layer are sequentially positioned on one side, away from the first transparent substrate, of the first signal line; the third signal line is located between the etching barrier layer and the passivation protection layer, and the second signal line and the third signal line are located in the same layer.

In one possible embodiment, the light shielding pattern is located between the first transparent electrode layer and the first alignment film layer;

or a planarization layer is arranged between the passivation protection layer and the transparent electrode layer; the light shielding pattern is located between the passivation protection layer and the planarization layer.

In a possible implementation manner, an optically transparent layer, a second electrode layer and a second alignment film layer are further sequentially arranged on one side of the second transparent substrate facing the first transparent substrate; and the optical transparent layer is provided with a groove at a position corresponding to the shading pattern, so that the surface of the second alignment film layer facing the liquid crystal layer is provided with a recess.

The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects: in the embodiment of the invention, the signal line is arranged on one side of the first transparent substrate facing the liquid crystal layer, and the shading pattern is arranged on one side of the signal line facing the liquid crystal layer, so that the position where the signal line is positioned can be shaded, the dark state brightness can be effectively reduced, the contrast is improved, and compared with the situation that the shading pattern is arranged on the second transparent substrate, namely, the substrate where the signal line is positioned and the shading pattern are not on the same substrate, the embodiment of the invention can avoid the problem of poor shading caused by box error of the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate, and meanwhile, the transmittance can be further improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 3 along dashed line A;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of FIG. 3 along dashed line B;

fig. 3 is a schematic distribution diagram of a signal line according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4A is a schematic diagram of a layer in which the first signal line of FIG. 3 is located;

FIG. 4B is a diagram of a second signal line layer;

fig. 4C is a schematic diagram of a light shielding pattern disposed only in a direction perpendicular to the optical path according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a light shielding pattern disposed on each signal line according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a transparent display device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a distribution of side light sources provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a second schematic structural diagram of a transparent display device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a third schematic structural diagram of a transparent display device according to an embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a few embodiments of the present disclosure, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the disclosure without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the disclosure.

Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. The use of "first," "second," and the like in this disclosure is not intended to indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but rather is used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.

To maintain the following description of the embodiments of the present disclosure clear and concise, a detailed description of known functions and known components have been omitted from the present disclosure.

Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a transparent display device having a liquid crystal cell including: a first transparent substrate 10 and a second transparent substrate 20 which are oppositely arranged, and a liquid crystal layer 30 which is positioned between the first transparent substrate 10 and the second transparent substrate 20;

the first transparent substrate 10 is provided with a signal line 11 on a side facing the liquid crystal layer 30, and a light shielding pattern 18 on a side of the signal line 11 facing the liquid crystal layer 30, wherein an orthographic projection of the light shielding pattern 18 on the first transparent substrate 10 covers an orthographic projection of the signal line 11 on the first transparent substrate 10. Specifically, the signal line 11 may be made of metal.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the signal line 11 is disposed on a side of the first transparent substrate 10 facing the liquid crystal layer 30, and the light-shielding pattern 18 is disposed on a side of the signal line 11 facing the liquid crystal layer 30, so as to shield the position of the signal line 11, thereby effectively reducing the dark state brightness and improving the contrast.

Specifically, the first transparent substrate 10 is provided with: the gate insulating layer 12, the active layer 13, the etching barrier layer 14, the passivation protective layer 15, the first transparent electrode layer 16 and the first alignment film layer 191 are sequentially located on one side, away from the first transparent substrate 10, of the first signal line 111; wherein the third signal line 112 is located between the etch stopper 14 and the passivation protection layer 15. Specifically, a second transparent electrode layer 21 is disposed on a side of the second transparent substrate 20 facing the liquid crystal layer 30, and a second alignment film layer 192 is disposed on a side of the second transparent electrode layer 21 away from the second transparent substrate 20. Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the second transparent electrode layer 21 is provided with a hollow area in the area where the third signal line 112 and the transistor are located, so as to reduce the generation of the overlap capacitance and the parasitic capacitance.

In specific implementation, referring to fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4A, fig. 4B and fig. 4C, where fig. 3 is a schematic distribution diagram of a signal line provided by an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional diagram of fig. 3 at a dashed line a, fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional diagram of fig. 3 at a dashed line B, fig. 4A is a schematic film layer of a layer where the first signal line in fig. 3 is located, fig. 4B is a schematic film layer of a layer where the second signal line is located, fig. 4C is a schematic light shielding pattern diagram, the signal line 11 may include a first signal line 111, a second signal line 118, and a third signal line 112, where the second signal line 118 and the third signal line 112 extend in the same direction and may be located in the same layer, and the first signal line 111 and the third signal line 112 extend in directions perpendicular to each other, for example, the first signal line 111 extends in the first direction (for example, the first direction is vertical direction in fig. 3), the third signal line 112 extends in a second direction (the second direction is, for example, a lateral direction in fig. 3). The first signal line 111 may be specifically a gate line, the second signal line 118 may be specifically a signal line for supplying a signal to a capacitor, and the third signal line 112 may be specifically a data line. The first signal line 111 and the third signal line 112 are distributed to cross each other to define a plurality of pixels, and a second signal line 118 and a third signal line 112 may be disposed between two adjacent columns of pixels. Specifically, as shown in fig. 4A, the layer where the first signal line 111 is located has a first signal line 111 that may extend along a first direction (e.g., a horizontal direction in fig. 3), a gate 113 that extends from the first signal line 111 along a second direction (e.g., a vertical direction in fig. 3), and a first capacitor electrode 116 that extends along the same direction as the first signal line 111. Specifically, as shown in fig. 4B, the film layer on which the second signal line 118 is located may specifically include a second signal line 118 and a third signal line 112 extending along a second direction (e.g., a vertical direction in fig. 3), a protrusion 1180 extending from the second signal line 118 along a direction parallel to the extending direction of the first signal line 111, a source 114 extending from the third signal line 112 along a direction parallel to the extending direction of the first signal line 111, a drain 115 extending along the second direction, a second capacitive electrode 117 extending from one end of the drain 115 along a direction parallel to the first direction, and a first transition electrode 119. The first capacitor electrode 116 is opposite to the second capacitor electrode 117, forming a capacitor. The first capacitor electrode 116 is conducted with the transition electrode 119 through the via hole, and is conducted with a second transition electrode (not shown in the figure) on the same layer as the first transparent electrode layer 16 through the via hole by the transition electrode 119, and the second transition electrode is conducted with the protrusion 1180 of the second signal line 118 through the via hole, so as to provide a signal for the first capacitor electrode 117 through the second signal line 118.

In specific implementation, the transparent display device provided by the embodiment of the invention can be provided with a light source or not, and when the light source is not arranged, transparent black-and-white display can be realized through external environment light; when the light source is arranged, the color display can be realized by arranging the light sources emitting red, green and blue. Specifically, when the transparent display device is provided with the light source, the light source can be arranged on the side surface of the liquid crystal box, and the liquid crystal box can be used as a light guide plate by selecting a film layer of the liquid crystal box; specifically, when the transparent display device is provided with a light source, the transparent display device may further include a separate light guide plate disposed below the first transparent substrate 10, and the light source may be specifically disposed at a side surface of the light guide plate. According to the embodiment of the invention, the shading pattern is arranged on the first transparent substrate provided with the signal line, so that the metal reflection problem of the transparent display device provided with or without a light source can be solved.

In specific implementation, referring to fig. 3, 4C, 5, 6, and 7, the transparent display device includes: a side light source 5 located at a side of the liquid crystal cell, which is used as a first light guide plate, and a polymer 31 mixed in the liquid crystal layer 30; the signal line 11 comprises a first signal line 111 with the extending direction perpendicular to the light incident direction of the side light source 5; accordingly, the light shielding pattern 18 includes a first light shielding pattern 181 having the same extending direction as the first signal line 111, and an orthogonal projection of the first light shielding pattern 181 on the first transparent substrate 10 overlaps an orthogonal projection of the first signal line 111 on the first transparent substrate 10. In the embodiment of the invention, the transparent display device comprises a side light source 5 arranged on the side surface of a liquid crystal box, a polymer 31 is mixed in a liquid crystal layer 30, the liquid crystal box is used as a first light guide plate, namely, the transparent display device is a transparent waveguide display device manufactured based on polymer stabilized liquid crystal, the advantages in the aspects of transparency, response speed, color display and the like are obvious, the liquid crystal box can be used as a light guide plate and can also display, the light source enters from the side surface, when the display is not needed, the liquid crystal box is in a transparent state, and the liquid crystal box is the same as glass (the transparency is 80-90%) and does not need electric energy; when the display is needed, voltage is applied to the designated area, the liquid crystal correspondingly deflects and is influenced by the polymer, the orientation is disordered, light is scattered, and therefore display is achieved, the influence of the polymer is achieved, the display response speed is high and can reach about 1-2 ms, the problem that the contrast ratio is low due to signal line reflection is obvious, and the shading pattern is manufactured on the first transparent substrate (namely the array substrate) corresponding to the signal line to cover the reflected signal line, so that the dark state brightness can be effectively reduced, and the contrast ratio is improved. In addition, in the embodiment of the invention, the shielding pattern is only arranged in the direction vertical to the light path, so that the transmittance can be further improved on the basis of improving the contrast, the scheme has strong feasibility, and the effects of improving the contrast and keeping high transmittance can be realized.

In specific implementation, as shown in fig. 3 and 4C, the liquid crystal cell includes: a first capacitor electrode 116 which is in the same layer as the first signal line 111 and insulated from the first signal line 111; the light-shielding pattern 18 further includes a first extending portion 183 extending from the first light-shielding pattern 181 in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the first signal line 111, and an orthogonal projection of the first extending portion 183 on the first transparent substrate 10 covers an orthogonal projection of the first capacitive electrode 116 on the first transparent substrate 10. In the embodiment of the present invention, the light-shielding pattern 18 further includes the first extending portion 183, so as to shield the first capacitor electrode 116, and further improve the problem of low contrast of the transparent display device caused by the light reflection of the metal trace.

Specifically, the first capacitor electrode 116 may be located around the intersection position of the first signal line 111 and the third signal line 112, each intersection position corresponds to one first capacitor electrode 116, the orthographic projection of the first capacitor electrode 116 on the first transparent substrate 10 may be a strip shape, and the extending direction may be the same as the extending direction of the first signal line 111. Specifically, the first capacitor electrode 116 and the first signal line 111 are on the same layer and have the same extending direction, and a gap is formed between the first capacitor electrode 116 and the first signal line 111, so as to achieve mutual insulation between the first capacitor electrode 116 and the first signal line 111.

In specific implementation, as shown in fig. 3 and 4C, the first signal line 111 is a gate line; the liquid crystal cell includes: a gate electrode 113 which is the same layer as the first signal line 111 and connected to the first signal line 111; the light-shielding pattern 18 includes a second extending portion 184 extending from the first light-shielding pattern 181 in a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the first signal line 111, wherein an orthogonal projection of the second extending portion 184 on the first transparent substrate 10 covers an orthogonal projection of the gate 113 on the first transparent substrate 10, and the second extending portion 184 and the first extending portion 183 are respectively located on different sides of the first light-shielding pattern 181. In the embodiment of the present invention, the light-shielding pattern 18 further includes the second extending portion 184, so as to shield the gate 113, and further improve the problem of low contrast of the transparent display device caused by the light reflection of the metal trace.

In specific implementation, as shown in fig. 3 and 4C, the liquid crystal cell includes: a source electrode 114 and a drain electrode 115 on the first transparent substrate 10, the source electrode 114, the drain electrode 115 and the first signal line 111 are on different layers, and the source electrode 114 and the drain electrode 115 may be on the same layer as the third signal line 112; the light-shielding pattern 18 includes a third extending portion 185 extending from the first light-shielding pattern 181 to a side perpendicular to the extending direction of the first signal line 111, wherein the orthographic projection of the third extending portion 185 on the first transparent substrate 10 covers the orthographic projection of the drain electrode 115 on the first transparent substrate 10, and the third extending portion 185 and the second extending portion 184 are located on the same side of the first light-shielding pattern 181.

Specifically, the second signal line 118 has a protrusion 1180 extending in a direction parallel to the extending direction of the first signal line 111 on a side away from the third signal line 112; the light shielding pattern 18 further includes a fourth extending portion 186 extending from the first extending portion 183 in a direction parallel to the extending direction of the first signal line 111, and an orthogonal projection of the fourth extending portion 186 on the first transparent substrate 10 covers an orthogonal projection of the protruding portion 1180 on the transparent substrate. Specifically, the fourth extension portion 186 and the first extension portion 183 may be an integral structure, so as to simplify the manufacturing process of the light shielding pattern 18. In the embodiment of the present invention, the light-shielding pattern 18 further includes a third extending portion 185 and a fourth extending portion 186, so as to shield the drain electrode 115 and the protrusion 1180, and further improve the problem of low contrast of the transparent display device caused by the light reflection of the metal trace.

Specifically, the orthographic projection of the first extending portion 183, the second extending portion 184, the third extending portion 185, and the fourth extending portion 186 on the first transparent substrate 10 is rectangular, in the extending direction parallel to the first signal line 111, the extending length of the first extending portion 183 is greater than the extending length of the second extending portion 184, and the extending length of the second extending portion 184 is greater than the extending length of the third extending portion 185; in the extending direction perpendicular to the first signal line 111, the extending length of the first extending portion 183 is greater than the extending length of the third extending portion 185, and the extending length of the third extending portion 185 is greater than the extending length of the second extending portion 184.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the incident direction of the light source is perpendicular to the driving line (for example, the first signal line, specifically, the Gate line), and the Gate line reflects light significantly, so that the Gate line and the metal line and the structure parallel to the Gate line are preferably shielded, so that the influence of metal reflection can be reduced, and high transmittance can be maintained. If the incident direction of the light source is vertical to the data line (data line), the data line, the metal line parallel to the data line and the structure are shielded preferentially.

In practical implementation, the signal line 11 further includes a second signal line 118 and a third signal line 112, which extend in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the first signal line 111 extends and are located between two adjacent pixels; the light blocking pattern 18 includes a second light blocking pattern 182 extending in parallel with the extending direction of the third signal line 112, an orthogonal projection of the second light blocking pattern 182 on the first transparent substrate 10 covers an orthogonal projection of the third signal line 112 on the first transparent substrate 10, covers an orthogonal projection of the third signal line 118 on the first transparent substrate 10, and covers a gap between the second signal line 118 and the third signal line 112. In the embodiment of the present invention, the light-shielding pattern 18 further includes the second light-shielding pattern 182, so as to shield the third signal line 112, and further improve the problem of low contrast of the transparent display device caused by the light reflection of the metal trace.

In specific implementation, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the light shielding pattern 18 is located between the first transparent electrode layer 16 and the first alignment film layer 191. In a specific manufacturing process, after the first transparent electrode layer 16 is manufactured, the light shielding pattern 18 is formed, and then the first alignment film layer 191 is formed. Specifically, after the pixel electrode (first electrode layer 16) is manufactured, the black light-shielding pattern 18 is manufactured at a position corresponding to the metal wire, and the light transmittance of the light-shielding pattern 18 is generally required to be less than 10%, and preferably less than 1%; the width of the shading pattern 18 needs to consider the alignment precision of the photoetching machine station on the basis of the line width, and the linearity of the shading pattern 18 is more than or equal to the metal line width + the alignment precision of the photoetching machine station + 2+ the shading safety distance; the thickness of the light-shielding pattern 18 needs to be considered in consideration of the thickness of the liquid crystal cell, and the general relationship is: the thickness of the light-shielding pattern 18 is less than or equal to the thickness of the liquid crystal cell, the step between the metal line and the pixel, and the safety distance between the light-shielding pattern 18 and the upper substrate (specifically, the lower surface of the second alignment film layer 192).

In specific implementation, as shown in fig. 8, a planarization layer 17 is further disposed between the passivation protection layer 15 and the first transparent electrode layer 16; the light shielding pattern 18 is located between the passivation protection layer 15 and the planarization layer 17. In the embodiment of the present invention, when the liquid crystal cell thickness is small, for example, less than 3um, the thickness of the light-shielding pattern manufactured according to the process of the transparent display device shown in fig. 1 and 2 may not be enough to block the reflection of the metal lines (including the signal lines), and in this case, the light-shielding pattern 18 may be manufactured before the first transparent electrode layer 16 is manufactured, and then the planarization layer 17 is manufactured, so as to reduce the dependence of the height of the light-shielding pattern 18 on the liquid crystal cell thickness. The planarization layer 17 is preferably an optically transparent material, and may be an organic material or an inorganic material, and specifically, may be an organic material. As described above, the width of the light-shielding pattern 18 may be required to be equal to the light-shielding pattern 18 required for the transparent display device shown in fig. 1 and 2, but the thickness may be sufficient in consideration of the light-shielding effect, and specifically, the transmittance may be 1% or less.

In specific implementation, referring to fig. 9, the second transparent substrate 20 is further provided with an optically transparent layer 22 on a side facing the first transparent substrate 10, and the optically transparent layer 22 is provided with a groove 220 at a position corresponding to the light-shielding pattern 18, so that a surface of the second alignment film layer 192 facing the liquid crystal layer 30 is formed with a corresponding concave region. In the embodiment of the present invention, when the liquid crystal cell thickness is smaller, for example, below 3um, the thickness of the light-shielding pattern 18 manufactured according to the process of the transparent display device shown in fig. 1 and 2 may not be enough to block the reflection of the metal line, and in order to ensure that the light-shielding pattern 18 has a certain thickness, the optical transparent layer 22 having a certain thickness may be manufactured on the second transparent substrate 20, the thickness may be 1um to 5um, specifically, 2um, and then the corresponding light-shielding pattern 18 and the photo-etching spacer 4 are subjected to groove digging to increase the distance between the two substrates, thereby achieving the purpose of light-shielding effect and small cell thickness.

Specifically, in order to more clearly understand the structure of the transparent display device provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the following description will be made on the manufacturing process of the transparent display device provided in the embodiment of the present invention, taking the transparent display liquid crystal cell based on Polymer Stabilized Liquid Crystal (PSLC) shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2 as an example:

an alignment mark layer is formed on the upper substrate (i.e. the second transparent substrate 20), and the second transparent electrode layer 21 is deposited, preferably a highly transparent conductive material, such as ITO, with a thickness of 50nm to 200 nm. In order to reduce the load of the device, partial hollow processing can be carried out at the overlapping part of the upper substrate electrode and the lower substrate wire, so that the overlapping and parasitic capacitance generation are reduced;

making a photoetching spacer 4(PS) on the ITO electrode, then coating a liquid crystal alignment layer as a second alignment film layer 192, and finishing alignment by a rubbing or photo-alignment technology;

respectively and sequentially manufacturing a gate line layer (comprising a first signal line 111, a gate 113 and a first capacitor electrode 116), a gate insulating layer 12, an active layer 13, an etching barrier layer 14, a data line layer (comprising a third signal line 112, a source 114 and a drain 115), a passivation protective layer 15, a first electrode layer 16 and a shading pattern 18 on a lower substrate (namely a first transparent substrate 10), and patterning a part of functional layers through photoetching and developing, wherein the thickness of the shading pattern 18 at the position is not more than that of a liquid crystal box, a section difference between a metal line and a pixel position, and a safety distance between the shading pattern 18 and an upper substrate, and the safety distance between the general shading pattern 18 and the upper substrate is 0.3um-1.0um, specifically 0.5 um; the width of the shading pattern 18 is generally not less than the metal line width + the alignment precision of the photoetching machine 2+ the shading safe distance, the shading safe distance is designed for ensuring that the shading pattern 18 can completely cover the metal layer, the influence of the thickness of each film layer between the metal layer and the shading pattern 18 needs to be considered, the shading safe distance is generally set to be 0.3um-2.0um, specifically 1.0um, after the array substrate is manufactured, a liquid crystal alignment layer is coated on the upper side of the array substrate to be used as a first alignment film layer 191, and alignment is completed through a friction or optical alignment technology;

the liquid crystal layer 30 between the upper and lower substrates is composed of at least three components, one or more liquid crystal molecules, one or more photopolymerizable monomer molecules (e.g., vinyl-containing monomers), and a photoinitiator. The compatibility between the polymerizable monomer and the liquid crystal molecules is relatively good, and the proportion of the polymerizable monomer in the liquid crystal mixture is generally less than 10%, and preferably 3% -9%. The material having a large difference in dielectric constant among liquid crystal molecules is preferable. The direction of the incident light is vertical to the direction of the alignment of the liquid crystal layer;

after the upper and lower substrates are manufactured, the liquid crystal is dripped through an ODF (ODF) or VIF (video drop-injection) process and then the cells are aligned, so that the manufacturing of the liquid crystal cell is completed.

After the crystal filling is finished, selective Ultraviolet (UV) light irradiation is carried out by adding UV Mask, photosensitive liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal are polymerized to form a polymer network, and finally, Polymer Stabilized Liquid Crystal (PSLC) is formed, and high molecules can also be formed by thermal polymerization or infrared polymerization and the like. And after the liquid crystal molecules are polymerized, the liquid crystal box is manufactured. The thickness of the liquid crystal cell is in the range of 2 μm to 10 μm, wherein 3 μm to 6 μm is preferable for balancing the driving voltage requirements.

The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects: in the embodiment of the present invention, the signal line 11 is disposed on a side of the first transparent substrate 10 facing the liquid crystal layer 30, and the light-shielding pattern 18 is disposed on a side of the signal line 11 facing the liquid crystal layer 30, so as to shield the position of the signal line 11, thereby effectively reducing the dark state brightness and improving the contrast.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A transparent display device having a liquid crystal cell, the liquid crystal cell comprising: the liquid crystal display panel comprises a first transparent substrate, a second transparent substrate and a liquid crystal layer, wherein the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate are oppositely arranged, and the liquid crystal layer is positioned between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate;

the liquid crystal display panel comprises a first transparent substrate, a liquid crystal layer and a second transparent substrate, wherein a signal line is arranged on one side, facing the liquid crystal layer, of the first transparent substrate, and a shading pattern is arranged on one side, facing the liquid crystal layer, of the signal line, wherein the shading pattern covers the orthographic projection of the signal line on the first transparent substrate.

2. The transparent display device according to claim 1, wherein the transparent display device comprises: the side light source is positioned on the side face of the liquid crystal box, and the polymer is mixed in the liquid crystal layer, and the liquid crystal box is used as a first light guide plate;

3. The transparent display device according to claim 2, wherein the liquid crystal cell comprises: a first capacitance electrode which is the same layer as the first signal line and insulated from the first signal line;

the light shielding pattern further comprises a first extension part extending from the first light shielding pattern to a direction perpendicular to the extending direction of the first signal line, and the orthographic projection of the first extension part on the first transparent substrate covers the orthographic projection of the first capacitor electrode on the first transparent substrate.

4. The transparent display device according to claim 3, wherein the first signal line is a gate line; the liquid crystal cell includes: a gate electrode which is the same layer as the first signal line and is connected to the first signal line;

the light shielding pattern comprises a second extension part extending from the first light shielding pattern to a direction perpendicular to the extension direction of the first signal line, wherein the orthographic projection of the second extension part on the first transparent substrate covers the orthographic projection of the grid electrode on the first transparent substrate, and the second extension part and the first extension part are respectively positioned on different sides of the first light shielding pattern.

5. The transparent display device according to claim 4, wherein the liquid crystal cell comprises: the source electrode and the drain electrode are positioned on the first transparent substrate, and the source electrode, the drain electrode and the first signal line are positioned on different layers;

6. The transparent display device according to claim 3, wherein the signal lines further comprise a second signal line and a third signal line extending in a direction perpendicular to a direction in which the first signal line extends and located between two adjacent pixels; the second signal line is provided with a convex part extending along the extending direction parallel to the first signal line on one side departing from the third signal line;

7. The transparent display device according to claim 6, wherein the light shielding pattern includes a second light shielding pattern extending in parallel with an extending direction of the third signal line;

8. The transparent display device according to claim 6, wherein the first transparent substrate is provided with: the grid electrode insulating layer, the active layer, the etching barrier layer, the passivation protective layer, the first transparent electrode layer and the first alignment film layer are sequentially positioned on one side, away from the first transparent substrate, of the first signal line; the third signal line is located between the etching barrier layer and the passivation protection layer, and the second signal line and the third signal line are located in the same layer.

9. The transparent display device according to claim 8, wherein the light shielding pattern is located between the first transparent electrode layer and the first alignment film layer;

10. The transparent display device according to claim 8, wherein an optically transparent layer, a second electrode layer, a second alignment film layer are further provided in this order on a side of the second transparent substrate facing the first transparent substrate; and the optical transparent layer is provided with a groove at a position corresponding to the shading pattern, so that the surface of the second alignment film layer facing the liquid crystal layer is provided with a recess.