CN114488159A - 一种球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达 - Google Patents
一种球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114488159A CN114488159A CN202210092938.5A CN202210092938A CN114488159A CN 114488159 A CN114488159 A CN 114488159A CN 202210092938 A CN202210092938 A CN 202210092938A CN 114488159 A CN114488159 A CN 114488159A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- dual
- spherical
- phased array
- digital
- module
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/024—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using polarisation effects
- G01S7/025—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using polarisation effects involving the transmission of linearly polarised waves
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/95—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S13/08—Systems for measuring distance only
- G01S13/10—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse modulated waves
- G01S13/26—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse modulated waves wherein the transmitted pulses use a frequency- or phase-modulated carrier wave
- G01S13/28—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse modulated waves wherein the transmitted pulses use a frequency- or phase-modulated carrier wave with time compression of received pulses
- G01S13/282—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse modulated waves wherein the transmitted pulses use a frequency- or phase-modulated carrier wave with time compression of received pulses using a frequency modulated carrier wave
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S13/08—Systems for measuring distance only
- G01S13/10—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse modulated waves
- G01S13/26—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse modulated waves wherein the transmitted pulses use a frequency- or phase-modulated carrier wave
- G01S13/28—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse modulated waves wherein the transmitted pulses use a frequency- or phase-modulated carrier wave with time compression of received pulses
- G01S13/284—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse modulated waves wherein the transmitted pulses use a frequency- or phase-modulated carrier wave with time compression of received pulses using coded pulses
- G01S13/288—Systems for measuring distance only using transmission of interrupted, pulse modulated waves wherein the transmitted pulses use a frequency- or phase-modulated carrier wave with time compression of received pulses using coded pulses phase modulated
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S13/42—Simultaneous measurement of distance and other co-ordinates
- G01S13/426—Scanning radar, e.g. 3D radar
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S13/50—Systems of measurement based on relative movement of target
- G01S13/58—Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems
- G01S13/581—Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems using transmission of interrupted pulse modulated waves and based upon the Doppler effect resulting from movement of targets
- G01S13/582—Velocity or trajectory determination systems; Sense-of-movement determination systems using transmission of interrupted pulse modulated waves and based upon the Doppler effect resulting from movement of targets adapted for simultaneous range and velocity measurements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/28—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/282—Transmitters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/28—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/285—Receivers
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/41—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using analysis of echo signal for target characterisation; Target signature; Target cross-section
- G01S7/415—Identification of targets based on measurements of movement associated with the target
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/18—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/19—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface
- H01Q19/195—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface wherein a reflecting surface acts also as a polarisation filter or a polarising device
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
- H01Q21/20—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a curvilinear path
- H01Q21/205—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a curvilinear path providing an omnidirectional coverage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/24—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the orientation by switching energy from one active radiating element to another, e.g. for beam switching
- H01Q3/242—Circumferential scanning
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
- G01S2013/0236—Special technical features
- G01S2013/0245—Radar with phased array antenna
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达,包括:球冠相控阵天线模块、数字收发模块以及信号处理模块;球冠相控阵天线模块包括球形支撑架、多个双极化微带辐射单元和多个电子开关;各双极化微带辐射单元紧密布设在球形支撑架上,双极化微带辐射单元发射的波束方向与球形支撑架的有效口径的法向一致,电子开关用于控制对应的双极化微带辐射单元进行电子扫描;数字收发模块与球冠相控阵天线模块之间进行无线传输;数字收发模块用于产生探测气象目标所需的调频信号或相位编码信号,以及接收目标反射的回波信号;信号处理模块与数字收发模块连接。双极化微带辐射单元发出的波束宽度和天线增益不会发生任何改变,提高了雷达探测气象目标的准确度。
Description
本申请是名为《一种球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达》的专利申请的分案申请,原申请的申请日为2021年05月11日,申请号为202110509616.1。
技术领域
本发明涉及天气雷达领域,特别是涉及一种球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达。
背景技术
相控阵天气雷达,扫描速度快,可采用多种处理方法,是天气雷达的发展方向,将成为下一代天气雷达的主流设备。目前相控阵天气雷达的天线多为平面相控阵天线,在波束扫描中波束的增益、宽度均会变化,天线驻波也会出现一定的起伏,两个极化之间的正交度也会变化,这些都会造成天气雷达探测气象目标时准确度低的问题。
例如,专利(CN 105356050 B)提出一种可变定向波束双阵列合成微带阵列天线,这种方法使得天线在垂直方向可以产生若干固定波束,提高灵活度,但是不同指向的天线增益和波束宽度依然不同,需要在后端处理软件中进行订正。实用新型专利(ZL202021079262.9)提出一种双偏振相控阵天线及双偏振相控阵天气雷达,采用横滚筒形式的天线,俯仰相控阵扫描,方位机械扫描,这种方法克服了现有平面相控阵天气雷达的不足,能够保证天气雷达观测时天线增益和波束宽度不变,水平极化与垂直极化的正交度不变。但是该方法在方位上机械旋转扫描,限制了雷达探测气象目标时的灵活性,难以实现对不同区域气象目标的同时测量和跟踪,导致雷达探测气象目标准确度较低。美国专利(US2011/0285582A1)提出一种采用圆柱形天线的双偏振相控阵天气雷达,在方位和俯仰上均采用相控阵扫描,这种方法不需要机械旋转扫描,也保证了两个极化之间的正交度,但俯仰波束扫描时,由于波束的指向不同,依然存在天线增益和波束宽度变化的问题,导致雷达探测气象目标准确度低。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达,以解决现有技术中雷达探测气象目标准确度低的问题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了如下方案:
一种球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达,所述球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达包括:
球冠相控阵天线模块,用于探测天气;所述球冠相控阵天线模块包括球形支撑架、多个双极化微带辐射单元和多个电子开关,多个所述双极化微带辐射单元紧密布设在所述球形支撑架上;一个所述电子开关对应一个所述双极化微带辐射单元;所述电子开关用于控制所述双极化微带辐射单元进行电子扫描;
数字收发模块,与各双极化微带辐射单元连接,用于产生调频信号或相位编码信号,并发送至各双极化微带辐射单元,以及接收目标反射的回波信号;所述调频信号或相位编码信号用于探测气象目标;
所述双极化微带辐射单元用于根据所述调频信号或所述相位编码信号发出波束,探测气象目标;各所述双极化微带辐射单元发射的波束方向均与所述球形支撑架的有效口径的法向一致,实现方位-俯仰二维波束电扫;
信号处理模块,与所述数字收发模块连接,用于对所述回波信号进行频谱分析,得到目标回波信息,并产生控制指令控制各电子开关的开闭。
可选地,所述数字收发模块包括多个双通道数字T/R组件;
每一所述双通道数字T/R组件对应一个所述双极化微带辐射单元;所述双通道数字T/R组件用于产生调频信号或相位编码信号并发送至对应的双极化微带辐射单元,以及接收回波信号。
可选地,所述双通道数字T/R组件包括:
数字发射单元,与双极化微带辐射单元连接,用于产生调频信号或相位编码信号,并发送至所述双极化微带辐射单元;
数字接收单元,分别与双极化微带辐射单元及所述信号处理模块连接,用于接收气象目标反射的回波信号,并将所述回拨信号发送至所述处理模块。
可选地,所述数字发射单元为全固态发射机。
可选地,所述数字收发模块还包括:
第一数字传输网络,分别与各双通道数字T/R组件及所述信号处理模块连接,用于将回波信号传输至所述信号处理模块。
可选地,所述信号处理模块包括:
多通道数字波束形成单元,与所述数字收发模块连接,用于将所述回波信号转换为波束信号;
信号处理单元,与所述多通道数字波束形成单元连接,用于对所述波束信号进行频谱分析,得到目标回波信息;
系统控制单元,与所述数字收发模块连接,用于生成控制指令;所述控制指令用于控制电子开关的开闭;
通讯单元,与所述信号处理单元连接,用于将所述目标回波信息发送至控制终端。
可选地,所述球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达还包括:
电源模块,分别与所述球冠相控阵天线模块、所述数字收发模块以及所述信号处理模块连接,用于为所述球冠相控阵天线模块、所述数字收发模块以及所述信号处理模块提供电源。
可选地,所述波束为宽发窄收多波束。
可选地,所述波束为脉内异频窄发窄收多波束。
可选地,所述波束为宽带窄发窄收单波束。
根据本发明提供的具体实施例,本发明公开了以下技术效果:
本发明通过调整双极化微带辐射单元发射的波束方向与球形支撑架有效口径的法向一致,保持所有双极化微带辐射单元发射的波束永远指向球形支撑架的有效口径的法向,实现方位-俯仰二维波束电扫,因此双极化微带辐射单元发出的波束宽度和天线增益不会发生任何改变,双极化微带辐射单元再根据调频信号或相位编码信号发出波束,探测气象目标,进而提高了雷达探测气象目标的准确度。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达的系统原理图;
图2为本发明球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达的发射波形示意图;
图3为本发明球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达的波束示意图;
图4为本发明球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达的扫描有效口径示意图;
图5为本发明球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达的天线扫描波瓣图。
符号说明:1-双极化微带辐射单元;2-球形支撑架;3-天线座;4-数字收发模块;5-信号处理模块;6-电源模块;7-双通道数字T/R组件;8-第一数字传输网络;9-第二数字传输网络;10-多通道数字波束形成单元;11-信号处理单元;12-系统控制单元;13-通讯单元;14-有效口径;15-波束。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明的目的是提供一种球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达,以解决现有技术中雷达探测气象目标准确度低的问题。
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂,下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
本发明为了解决现有技术存在的问题,提出了一种球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达,实现波束在全空域内二维电扫而性能无变化扫描,即球形双偏振相控阵雷达波束扫描时波束宽度、天线增益、双偏振通道性能、雷达照射体积稳定不变,所有双极化微带辐射单元1之间及收发通道互耦关系稳定不变,有效提升天气探测和目标识别的准确度。
图1为本发明球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达的系统原理图,如图1所示,球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达主要包括天线座3、球冠相控阵天线模块、数字收发模块4、信号处理模块5以及电源模块6。
球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达的阵面采用圆球形共形相控阵设计,阵面上所有双极化微带辐射单元1按照与球心固定等夹角排布。
所述球冠相控阵天线模块包括:球形支撑架2和多个双极化微带辐射单元1;多个所述双极化微带辐射单元1布设在所述球形支撑架2上,且多个所述双极化微带辐射单元1沿所述球形支撑架2紧密排列;调整所述双极化微带辐射单元1的位置,使所述双极化微带辐射单元1发射的波束15方向与球形支撑架2的有效口径14的法向一致。所述球冠相控阵天线模块用于探测天气。
所述数字收发模块4与所述球冠相控阵天线模块之间进行信号传输。所述数字收发模块4用于产生探测气象目标所需的调频信号或相位编码信号,以及接收目标反射的回波信号。
所述数字收发模块4包括多个双通道数字T/R组件7,每一所述双极化微带辐射单元1对应一个所述双通道数字T/R组件7;所述双通道数字T/R组件7用于收发信号,所述信号包括所述调频信号、所述相位编码信号或回波信号。双通道数字T/R组件7包括数字接收单元和数字发射单元;所述数字发射单元用于产生探测气象目标所需的调频信号或相位编码信号;所述数字接收单元用于接收气象目标反射的回波信号。数字发射单元为全固态发射机,全固态发射机受令于信息处理模块中的系统控制单元12(即雷达控制模块),可处于发射或者停止发射状态。
所述球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达还包括:数字传输网络;所述数字传输网络包括第一数字传输网络8和第二数字传输网络9;所述数字传输网络用于所述数字收发模块4与所述信号处理模块5之间的信息交互。
所述第一数字传输网络8设于所述数字收发模块4的内部,所述第一数字传输网络8的一端与所述双通道数字T/R组件7连接;所述第二数字传输网络9设于所述信号处理模块5的内部,所述第二数字传输网络9的一端与所述第一数字传输网络8的另一端连接。
信息处理模块5通过数字传输网络与所述数字收发模块4相连接,接收双通道数字T/R组件7的下行数据,并进行后续处理;所述信息处理模块5用于根据所述回波信号进行频谱分析,得到目标回波信息;所述信息处理模块5中的系统控制单元12还用于生成控制指令,以驱动所述球冠相控阵天线模块进行水平方向上的信号采集和/或俯仰方向上的信号采集。
所述球冠相控阵天线模块还包括多个电子开关;一个所述电子开关对应一个所述双极化微带辐射单元1;所述信息处理模块5与所述球冠相控阵天线模块中的电子开关连接;所述信息处理模块5中的系统控制单元12用于根据所述控制指令控制所述电子开关的开闭,所述球冠相控阵天线模块依据所述电子开关的开启区域,以形成各方向上不同角度的电子扫描。具体地,所述系统控制单元通过控制全固态发射机处于发射状态或者停止发射状态,实现控制对应的电子开关的开闭。
所述信息处理模块5包括:多通道数字波束形成单元10、信号处理单元11、系统控制单元12及通讯单元13。所述多通道数字波束形成单元10、所述信号处理单元11、所述系统控制单元12以及所述通讯单元13均与所述第二数字传输网络9的另一端连接。
所述多通道数字波束形成单元10与所述信号处理单元11连接;所述信号处理单元11与所述通讯单元13连接;所述多通道数字波束形成单元10用于将所述球冠相控阵天线模块接收到的回波信号转换为波束信号;所述信号处理单元11用于对所述波束信号进行频谱分析后得到目标回波信息;所述通讯单元13用于发送所述目标回波信息。
另外,所述球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达还包括:电源模块6;所述电源模块6与所述球冠相控阵天线模块、所述数字收发模块4以及所述信号处理模块5连接;所述电源模块6用于为所述球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达提供电源。
图3为本发明球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达的波束示意图;图4为本发明球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达的扫描有效口径示意图,如图3和图4所示,球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达在电扫过程中,主波束永远指向有效口径14的弧面的法向,通过调整双极化微带辐射单元1发射的波束15方向与球形支撑架2的有效口径14的法向一致,保持所有双极化微带辐射单元1发射的波束15永远指向球形支撑架2的有效口径14的法向,实现方位-俯仰二维波束电扫,因此波束宽度和增益等不会发生改变。工作单元的选取通过控制终端来实现。控制终端通过发送雷控报文指令,由波束指向(方位,俯仰)角度计算垂直弦面和有效口径14,选中有效口径14内收发有源通道的正常工作,非有效口径内的通道全部关闭,形成相应指向的扫描波束。图4中,R1~R10表示双极化微带辐射单元1接收到的波束1-波束10,EZ表示俯仰角度。
球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达首先接收外部指令或者按照内置参数设置工作参数,信号处理模块5产生全机工作所需的定时信号,系统进入工作模式。在调制脉冲的作用下,信号产生形成探测气象目标所需的调频信号或相位编码信号,上行变频至系统工作波段后,送激励信号至数字收发模块4,放大功率再由双极化微带辐射单元1辐射出去。电磁波遇到气象目标后产生后向散射返回,双极化微带辐射单元1接收到回波信号,进入数字收发模块4的接收链路,经过低噪声放大、滤波器,下变频到数字中频,模数转换器采样后输送到多通道数字波束形成单元10中。在多通道数字波束形成单元10中形成接收波束信号,再通过信号处理单元11进行频谱分析得到目标回波信息。回波信息由通讯单元13传输到控制终端。
球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达探测距离≥400km,可探测获取雷达站周围400km范围内的强对流危险天气系统的生成、发展、消散、移动状态,对200km范围内的中尺度暴风、暴雨、风切变、冰雹以及龙卷风等灾害性天气进行有效的监测和预警,为用户气象保障提供及时精确的气象探测资料。
在一个具体实施方式中,图5为本发明球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达的天线扫描波瓣图,如图5所示,设计波束宽度为1°,选择雷达工作在C波段(5400MHz~5600MHz),则球直径D=4.5m,接收数字波束最大副瓣SLL≤-30dB加权。球形赤道上单元数Nmax=380时,5400MHz~5600MHz都不出现栅瓣。为了保证方位0~360°,俯仰-2°~+182°空域的覆盖,全阵共有n=41938个双极化微带辐射单元1。
球形相控阵双偏振天气雷达设计采用脉冲压缩体制兼顾距离分辨率和作用距离,信号波形为线性调频脉冲、非线性调频脉冲及相位编码脉冲方式,最大信号带宽为15MHz,距离分辨率优于10m。脉冲宽度在0.5μs~200μs中可调。脉冲压缩后,在信号处理中通过进行频域加权处理来减小距离副瓣。
双偏振工作时,水平极化与垂直极化的发射波形可以相同,也可以采用正交的编码形式,以提高双偏振工作时两个通道之间的隔离度。球形相控阵双偏振天气雷达工作方式分为多普勒工作方式及偏振工作方式。
在多普勒工作方式中,系统对回波进行速度、谱宽和强度的处理,并从中估计天气目标的相关信息。
偏振工作方式除处理常规多普勒Z/V/W外,主要对ZDR,ФDP,LDR和ρOHV等参数进行处理。
为了保证系统最大探测距离,根据天气雷达工作原理和系统探测的要求,采用线性调频脉冲波形,利用脉冲压缩技术满足系统探测威力的要求。
图2为本发明球形相控阵双偏振天气雷达的发射波形示意图,如图2所示,系统工作时的脉冲宽度为20μs~160μs,对应信号带宽为2.5MHz和5MHz,在信号处理中利用数字脉冲压缩技术压缩至0.3μs或0.6μs。对于因发射的宽脉冲造成的近距离盲区,利用发射补盲脉冲信号进行近距离补盲,补盲窄脉冲宽度为0.5μs~5μs软件可设。补盲调频脉冲宽度为10μs或20μs软件可设。
雷达波束设计宽发窄收多波束、脉内异频窄发窄收多波束、宽带窄发窄收单波束等形式。
宽发窄收多波束是指发射宽波束,然后通过数字波束形成技术接收多波束,实现空域的立体扫描。发射信号采用长/窄双脉冲或长/中/窄三脉冲工作波形,其中长/中脉冲采用线性调频或相位编码信号形式,窄脉冲采用单载频信号形式,中脉冲和窄脉冲用于近程补盲,最后通过多通道数字波束形成单元10形成接收波束信号送至信号处理单元11进行处理。
球冠相控阵天线模块发射采用脉内窄发窄收多波束,接收通过频率隔离分离出不同扫描角度的回波信号,最后通过多通道数字波束形成单元10接收多波束信号送至信号处理单元11进行处理。近程补盲采用单载频信号形式,通过五个窄脉冲分别对不同扫描角度的近程盲区进行补盲。
宽带窄发窄收采用单波束工作,设计该工作模式的目的是提供较高的距离分辨率,其信号带宽为15MHz,距离分辨率可达10m。发射信号采用长/窄双脉冲或长/中/窄三脉冲工作波形,其中长/中脉冲采用线性调频信号或相位编码信号形式,窄脉冲采用单载频信号形式,中脉冲和窄脉冲用于近程补盲,最后通过多通道数字波束形成单元10接收多波束信号送至信号处理单元11进行处理。
本说明书中各个实施例采用递进的方式描述,每个实施例重点说明的都是与其他实施例的不同之处,各个实施例之间相同相似部分互相参见即可。
本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述,以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想;同时,对于本领域的一般技术人员,依据本发明的思想,在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处。综上所述,本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。
Claims (10)
1.一种球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达,其特征在于,所述球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达包括:
球冠相控阵天线模块,用于探测天气;所述球冠相控阵天线模块包括球形支撑架、多个双极化微带辐射单元和多个电子开关,多个所述双极化微带辐射单元紧密布设在所述球形支撑架上;一个所述电子开关对应一个所述双极化微带辐射单元;所述电子开关用于控制所述双极化微带辐射单元进行电子扫描;
数字收发模块,与各双极化微带辐射单元连接,用于产生调频信号或相位编码信号,并发送至各双极化微带辐射单元,以及接收目标反射的回波信号;所述调频信号或相位编码信号用于探测气象目标;
所述双极化微带辐射单元用于根据所述调频信号或所述相位编码信号发出波束,探测气象目标;各所述双极化微带辐射单元发射的波束方向均与所述球形支撑架的有效口径的法向一致,实现方位-俯仰二维波束电扫;
信号处理模块,与所述数字收发模块连接,用于对所述回波信号进行频谱分析,得到目标回波信息,并产生控制指令控制各电子开关的开闭。
2.根据权利要求1所述的球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达,其特征在于,所述数字收发模块包括多个双通道数字T/R组件;
每一所述双通道数字T/R组件对应一个所述双极化微带辐射单元;所述双通道数字T/R组件用于产生调频信号或相位编码信号并发送至对应的双极化微带辐射单元,以及接收回波信号。
3.根据权利要求2所述的球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达,其特征在于,所述双通道数字T/R组件包括:
数字发射单元,与双极化微带辐射单元连接,用于产生调频信号或相位编码信号,并发送至所述双极化微带辐射单元;
数字接收单元,分别与双极化微带辐射单元及所述信号处理模块连接,用于接收气象目标反射的回波信号,并将所述回拨信号发送至所述处理模块。
4.根据权利要求3所述的球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达,其特征在于,所述数字发射单元为全固态发射机。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达,其特征在于,所述球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达还包括数字传输网络;
所述数字收发模块与所述信号处理模块之间通过所述数字传输网络进行信息交互。
6.根据权利要求1所述的球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达,其特征在于,所述信号处理模块包括:
多通道数字波束形成单元,与所述数字收发模块连接,用于将所述回波信号转换为波束信号;
信号处理单元,与所述多通道数字波束形成单元连接,用于对所述波束信号进行频谱分析,得到目标回波信息;
系统控制单元,与所述数字收发模块连接,用于生成控制指令;所述控制指令用于控制电子开关的开闭;
通讯单元,与所述信号处理单元连接,用于将所述目标回波信息发送至控制终端。
7.根据权利要求1所述的球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达,其特征在于,所述球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达还包括:
电源模块,分别与所述球冠相控阵天线模块、所述数字收发模块以及所述信号处理模块连接,用于为所述球冠相控阵天线模块、所述数字收发模块以及所述信号处理模块提供电源。
8.根据权利要求1所述的球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达,其特征在于,所述波束为宽发窄收多波束。
9.根据权利要求1所述的球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达,其特征在于,所述波束为脉内异频窄发窄收多波束。
10.根据权利要求1所述的球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达,其特征在于,所述波束为宽带窄发窄收单波束。
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210092938.5A CN114488159A (zh) | 2021-05-11 | 2021-05-11 | 一种球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN202210092938.5A CN114488159A (zh) | 2021-05-11 | 2021-05-11 | 一种球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达 |
CN202110509616.1A CN113064173A (zh) | 2021-05-11 | 2021-05-11 | 一种球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达 |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202110509616.1A Division CN113064173A (zh) | 2021-05-11 | 2021-05-11 | 一种球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN114488159A true CN114488159A (zh) | 2022-05-13 |
Family
ID=76568589
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202110509616.1A Pending CN113064173A (zh) | 2021-05-11 | 2021-05-11 | 一种球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达 |
CN202210092938.5A Pending CN114488159A (zh) | 2021-05-11 | 2021-05-11 | 一种球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达 |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN202110509616.1A Pending CN113064173A (zh) | 2021-05-11 | 2021-05-11 | 一种球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11860271B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP4089434A1 (zh) |
JP (2) | JP2022174706A (zh) |
CN (2) | CN113064173A (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN115275644A (zh) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-11-01 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种球面共形相控阵天线以及电子设备 |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111555015A (zh) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-08-18 | 中国气象局气象探测中心 | 一种双偏振相控阵天线及双偏振相控阵天气雷达 |
USD1002398S1 (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2023-10-24 | China Meteorological Administration Meteorological Observation Centre | Phased-array radar |
CN114252076A (zh) * | 2021-12-14 | 2022-03-29 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十四研究所 | 动平台相控阵雷达辐射特性测量航路规划方法 |
CN116068510B (zh) * | 2023-02-06 | 2024-02-02 | 广州辰创科技发展有限公司 | 一种相控阵雷达自动组装产品的产品测试系统 |
CN116706567B (zh) * | 2023-08-01 | 2023-10-31 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | 极化编码阵列天线 |
CN116930905B (zh) * | 2023-09-07 | 2023-12-19 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | 单通道变极化雷达的全极化测量方法及系统 |
Family Cites Families (24)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2822845C2 (de) * | 1978-05-24 | 1983-12-01 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Gruppenantenne mit elektronisch gesteuerter Strahlschwenkung |
JP3239016B2 (ja) * | 1994-05-26 | 2001-12-17 | 防衛庁技術研究本部長 | レーダ装置 |
US5872535A (en) * | 1997-09-30 | 1999-02-16 | National Oceanic & Atmos Admin | Removing buoy motion from wind profiler moment |
US6292134B1 (en) * | 1999-02-26 | 2001-09-18 | Probir K. Bondyopadhyay | Geodesic sphere phased array antenna system |
US6377204B1 (en) * | 1999-12-13 | 2002-04-23 | University Corporation For Atmospheric Research | Radar system having multiple simultaneously transmitted beams operating in a scanning mode to identify scatterers |
WO2007030086A1 (en) * | 2004-06-22 | 2007-03-15 | Vubiq, Incorporated | Rfid system utilizing parametric reflective technology |
US7307596B1 (en) * | 2004-07-15 | 2007-12-11 | Rockwell Collins, Inc. | Low-cost one-dimensional electromagnetic band gap waveguide phase shifter based ESA horn antenna |
US8380367B2 (en) * | 2009-03-26 | 2013-02-19 | The University Of North Dakota | Adaptive surveillance and guidance system for vehicle collision avoidance and interception |
US8988274B2 (en) * | 2009-11-16 | 2015-03-24 | The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Oklahoma | Cylindrical polarimetric phased array radar |
US9568602B1 (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2017-02-14 | Rockwell Collins, Inc. | Radar system and method of due regard/detect and avoid sensing and weather sensing |
CN105356050B (zh) | 2015-11-11 | 2019-06-07 | 珠海纳睿达科技有限公司 | 一种可变定向波束双阵列合成微带阵列天线 |
CN106959475B (zh) * | 2016-01-08 | 2019-06-14 | 株式会社东芝 | 估计装置、估计方法和计算机可读存储介质 |
US11228115B2 (en) * | 2016-01-11 | 2022-01-18 | Tethers Unlimited Inc. | Methods and apparatus for manufacture and in-space assembly of antennas |
US9705611B1 (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2017-07-11 | Rockwell Collins, Inc. | Systems and methods for array antenna calibration |
US10651533B2 (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2020-05-12 | General Electric Company | Sensed situation millimeter-wave communications beam control |
US10879608B2 (en) * | 2016-09-13 | 2020-12-29 | The Board Of Regents Of The University Of Oklahoma | Radio frequency scanner |
WO2018204993A1 (en) * | 2017-05-12 | 2018-11-15 | Locata Corporation Pty Ltd | Methods and apparatus for characterising the environment of a user platform |
CN108110400A (zh) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-06-01 | 北京无线电测量研究所 | 一种球面式相控阵天线框架 |
CN108649322A (zh) * | 2018-07-02 | 2018-10-12 | 四川莱源科技有限公司 | 一种球面数字阵列天线 |
US11630203B2 (en) * | 2019-06-25 | 2023-04-18 | Raytheon Company | Ground station sensing of weather around an aircraft |
CN110146864B (zh) * | 2019-07-04 | 2021-07-02 | 中国气象局气象探测中心 | 一种天气雷达综合标定方法及系统 |
CN111505615B (zh) * | 2020-04-27 | 2022-06-21 | 南京恩瑞特实业有限公司 | 一种横向圆柱面双偏振相控阵模块及雷达系统 |
CN111555015A (zh) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-08-18 | 中国气象局气象探测中心 | 一种双偏振相控阵天线及双偏振相控阵天气雷达 |
CN211957883U (zh) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-11-17 | 中国气象局气象探测中心 | 一种双偏振相控阵天线及双偏振相控阵天气雷达 |
-
2021
- 2021-05-11 CN CN202110509616.1A patent/CN113064173A/zh active Pending
- 2021-05-11 CN CN202210092938.5A patent/CN114488159A/zh active Pending
- 2021-08-16 US US17/403,873 patent/US11860271B2/en active Active
- 2021-08-19 EP EP21192164.8A patent/EP4089434A1/en active Pending
- 2021-08-20 JP JP2021135113A patent/JP2022174706A/ja active Pending
-
2023
- 2023-10-27 JP JP2023003913U patent/JP3245095U/ja active Active
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN115275644A (zh) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-11-01 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种球面共形相控阵天线以及电子设备 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP3245095U (ja) | 2023-12-22 |
US20220365208A1 (en) | 2022-11-17 |
CN113064173A (zh) | 2021-07-02 |
US11860271B2 (en) | 2024-01-02 |
JP2022174706A (ja) | 2022-11-24 |
EP4089434A1 (en) | 2022-11-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN114488159A (zh) | 一种球形双偏振相控阵天气雷达 | |
US12025697B2 (en) | Dual-polarized phased array antenna and dual-polarized phased array weather radar | |
CN111983617B (zh) | 双偏振相控阵天气雷达 | |
US7994969B2 (en) | OFDM frequency scanning radar | |
EP2556385B2 (en) | Electronic counter measure system | |
CN111505615B (zh) | 一种横向圆柱面双偏振相控阵模块及雷达系统 | |
Wang et al. | 64 GHz 5G-Based Phased-Arrays for UAV Detection and Automotive Traffic-Monitoring Radars | |
CN108196250B (zh) | 用于低空小目标探测的连续波雷达系统及其方法 | |
CN211957883U (zh) | 一种双偏振相控阵天线及双偏振相控阵天气雷达 | |
CN110676560A (zh) | 一种77GHz毫米波雷达天线 | |
CN103326133A (zh) | 基于网状网的一体化全覆盖相控阵天线 | |
CN114578337A (zh) | 发射相扫宽波束接收数字多波束“低小慢”探测雷达 | |
CN111541050A (zh) | 和差双通道旁瓣抑制天线 | |
CN113917456A (zh) | 一种可跨介质探测水下声源的多通道脉冲多普勒雷达 | |
CN210468092U (zh) | 一种77GHz毫米波雷达天线 | |
Grossi et al. | Spectrum-sharing between a surveillance radar and a mimo communication system in cluttered environments | |
Hussain | Beamforming with uniform-circular-array and ultrawideband-throb signal | |
US11575429B1 (en) | Multi-beam and multi-polarization electromagnetic wavefront shaping | |
CN117276899B (zh) | 相控阵天线和无线电通信装置 | |
JP7358939B2 (ja) | レーダ装置 | |
CN214336892U (zh) | 一种用于卫星通信的宽带圆极化相控阵天线 | |
Zhao et al. | Wide Range Swath SAR Imaging Method Based On Coherent Frequency Diverse Array Radar | |
Buckley | Ambiguity suppression in a multiple beam radar | |
Sahu et al. | System Design of a High Resolution Wide Swath SAR Based on MIMO SAR Concept | |
Palumbo et al. | Deployment considerations and hardware technologies for realizing X-band radar networks |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PB01 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |