CN114486945A - Device and method for detecting shielding performance of radiation protection material - Google Patents
Device and method for detecting shielding performance of radiation protection material Download PDFInfo
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- CN114486945A CN114486945A CN202210021561.4A CN202210021561A CN114486945A CN 114486945 A CN114486945 A CN 114486945A CN 202210021561 A CN202210021561 A CN 202210021561A CN 114486945 A CN114486945 A CN 114486945A
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for detecting shielding performance of a radiation protection material, and belongs to the technical field of shielding performance detection of shielding materials. The device for detecting the shielding performance of the radiation protection material can stabilize the position of the detector, so that the detector can be kept still after being fixed at the beginning, when a sample is replaced, only the radiation source needs to be drawn out, the sample above the radiation source is replaced, the device is also provided with a sample clamping groove, the sample to be detected is fixed relative to the radiation source through the clamping groove, the radiation source can be completely covered by the sample when the sample is placed every time, the radiation source, the sample and the detector are overlapped in the vertical direction, the stability and the testing stability of the testing device are greatly improved, a lead collimator of the traditional test is omitted, the testing condition is closer to the actual using condition of the material, the testing standard is unified, the testing accuracy is improved, and the testing error is effectively reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device and a method for detecting shielding performance of a radiation protection material, and belongs to the technical field of shielding performance detection of shielding materials.
Background
Nuclear energy is an important green energy source and is widely applied to various fields such as national defense, industry, medicine and the like. The nuclear radiation has great harm to human bodies, and with the increase of radiation dose, symptoms such as dizziness, insomnia, alopecia, ulcer, diarrhea, vomiting and the like can appear, and even chromosome aberration and death are caused seriously. In the aspect of aerospace, space radiation can cause irreversible damage to spacecraft electronic devices, circuits and the like to a certain extent, so that the research on the actual radiation protection capability of the radiation-proof material becomes extremely important.
The existing material radiation protection performance evaluation mode is mainly based on a narrow beam principle, and linear attenuation coefficient or quality attenuation coefficient of a measured material is obtained through calculation according to radiation intensity before and after attenuation by using a Lambert-Bell formula. However, in the existing method, a lead collimating device is required to be built when the radiation intensity of the material before and after shielding is measured, the dosage rate of the used radiation source is high, the operation of lifting the source is required during testing, meanwhile, personnel also need to evacuate to a safe area to wait for the completion of the testing, and the method is time-consuming and labor-consuming in one set of process, so that the evaluation of the material is not very flexible and convenient, and the radiation resistance evaluation of the material is limited by the device and the radiation source.
Therefore, a fixing device for assisting in measuring the radiation shielding capability of a material is provided, and a method for evaluating the radiation resistance of a material is provided which can simplify the evaluation method and improve the evaluation accuracy without being limited by a radiation source and an evaluation device by being matched with the device.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a device and a method for detecting the shielding performance of a radiation protection material.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a detection apparatus for radiation protection material shielding property, is including surveying platform and irradiation platform, the fixed top of installing at irradiation platform or removal of surveying platform, the survey platform including surveying fixed knot structure 1 and detector 2, survey fixed knot structure 1 and be used for fixed detector 2, irradiation platform include irradiation fixed knot structure 4, irradiation source 5 and sample draw-in groove 6, irradiation fixed knot constructs 4 and is used for fixed irradiation source 5, the sample 7 that awaits measuring fixes the top at irradiation source 5 through sample draw-in groove 6, the center of detector 2, irradiation source 5 and the center of the sample 7 that awaits measuring coincide for vertical axis.
Further inject, survey fixed knot structure 1 and open for inside has the cross-section to be the rectangular block structure of circular or secant circular shape through-hole, and the lower limb of through-hole is equipped with draw-in groove 8, and draw-in groove 8 forms a whole with surveying fixed knot structure 1 and being connected.
Further inject, the below one side border of surveying fixed knot structure 1 still is equipped with banding first connector 9, surveys fixed knot structure 1 and realizes fixed or removal with irradiation fixed knot constructs 4 through first connector 9 and be connected, first connector 9 and draw-in groove 8 and survey fixed knot structure 1 and be a whole.
Further limiting, the detector 2 is inserted into the through hole of the detection fixing structure 1 and clamped through the clamping groove 8.
Further limiting, the irradiation fixing structure 4 is a cuboid structure with a positioning layer 10 on the upper surface, an arc-shaped clamping groove is formed in the positioning layer 10, and the irradiation source 5 is clamped in the arc-shaped clamping groove.
Further, a strip-shaped second connector 11 is further arranged at the upper edge of the positioning layer 10, the irradiation fixing structure 4 is fixedly or movably connected with the detection fixing structure 1 through the second connector 11, the second connector 11 and the irradiation fixing structure 4 are connected into a whole, and when the first connector 9 and the second connector 11 are connected into a whole, the detection fixing structure 1 is fixedly arranged above the irradiation fixing structure 4.
Further inject, the both ends of second connector 11 are fixed with two stands 3 respectively, and the expansion end of stand 3 passes first connector 9 in proper order and surveys fixed knot structure 1 and will survey the platform and remove and install in the top of irradiation fixed knot structure 4, and the cover is equipped with location structure 12 on the stand 3 between surveying platform and irradiation platform, and location structure 12 is used for injecing the distance that irradiation platform is located and surveys the platform top.
More particularly, the distance between the radiation detector and the radiation source is 3mm to 30 mm.
Further limiting, the sample clamping groove 6 is a cover with a through hole in the center, and the shape of the through hole is consistent with the shape of the cross section of the sample 7 to be detected.
Further, the through hole of the sample card slot 6 is circular or square.
More specifically, the radiation source 5 comprises a radiation source and a shield, the radiation source is arranged in the shield and radiates to the outside through a radiation hole in the shield, the radiation source is Co-60, Ba-133, Cs-137 or Am-241, and the radiation dose of the radiation source is 10-8Gy/h。
More particularly, the diameter of the irradiated hole is 2.8 cm.
Further, the sample 7 to be measured is a sheet, film or block material, and the cross-sectional dimension of the sample 7 to be measured needs to completely shield the through hole of the sample slot 6.
The method for evaluating the shielding performance of the radiation protection material by using the detection device comprises the following steps:
Further defining the radiation intensity I when recording without material shielding0And when the radiation intensity I is shielded by the sample, in order to ensure the stability and accuracy of the data, 20-40 data can be selected and recorded, and the maximum value and the minimum value are removed, and then the average value is calculated to be used as the radiation intensity value under the condition.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the device for detecting the shielding performance of the radiation protection material can stabilize the position of the detector, so that the detector can be kept still after being fixed at the beginning, and when a sample is replaced, a radiation source is only required to be drawn out to replace the sample above.
(2) The device for detecting the shielding performance of the radiation protection material is also provided with a sample clamping groove, a sample to be detected is fixed at a position opposite to a radiation source through the clamping groove, and the radiation source is fixed at a position opposite to the radiation source through the clamping groove, so that the radiation source can be completely covered by the sample every time the sample is placed, and the radiation source, the sample and a detector are overlapped in the vertical direction, thereby greatly improving the stability and the test stability of the testing device, omitting a lead collimator of the traditional test, ensuring that the test condition is closer to the actual use condition of the material, unifying the test standard, improving the test accuracy and effectively reducing the test error.
(3) The method for shielding performance of the radiation protection material provided by the invention can be completed by using a gamma ray radioactive source with low dosage rate, and the dosage rate of the radioactive source is 10-8Gy/h, the radiation dose to the human body is smaller than that received by the human body in daily life during testing, the testing is not restricted by time and places, and the safety, the reliability and the accuracy are high, and certain flexibility and mobility are realized.
(4) The radiation protection material shielding performance detection device provided by the invention realizes the adjustment of the distance between the detector and the radiation source through the design of the upright column, thereby reducing the limitation on the thickness of a test sample, ensuring that the test sample can be a film, a sheet or a block, having low requirements on the form of the material to be detected, and realizing wide application.
(5) The device for detecting the shielding performance of the radiation protection material, provided by the invention, has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, safety, reliability and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a probe fixture;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an irradiation fixture;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the detection fixing structure and the irradiation fixing structure connected by the vertical column;
FIG. 5 is a pictorial view of a sample card slot;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of the relative positions of the detection fixing structure and the irradiation fixing structure;
in the figure, 1-a detection fixing structure, 2-a detector, 3-a stand column, 4-an irradiation fixing structure, 5-an irradiation source, 6-a sample clamping groove, 7-a sample to be detected, 8-a clamping groove, 9-a first connecting body, 10-a positioning layer, 11-a second connecting body and 12-a positioning structure.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The experimental procedures used in the following examples are conventional unless otherwise specified. The materials, reagents, methods and apparatus used, unless otherwise specified, are conventional in the art and are commercially available to those skilled in the art.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the utility model provides a radiation protection material shielding performance's detection device, as shown in figure 1, including surveying platform and irradiation platform, survey the fixed top of installing at irradiation platform or removal, survey the platform including surveying fixed knot structure 1 and detector 2, it is used for fixed knot to survey fixed knot to construct 1, irradiation platform includes irradiation fixed knot to construct 4, irradiation source 5 and sample draw-in groove 6, irradiation fixed knot constructs 4 and is used for fixed irradiation source 5, the sample 7 that awaits measuring passes through sample draw-in groove 6 to be fixed in the top of irradiation source 5, the center of fixed detector 2, the center of irradiation source 5 and the center of the sample 7 that awaits measuring are the coincidence of vertical axis. With the arrangement, the detection fixing structure 1 is mainly used for fixing the detector 2, the irradiation fixing structure 4 is used for fixing the irradiation source 5, and the sample 7 to be detected is fixed above the irradiation source 5 through the sample clamping groove 6, so that the center of the detector 2, the center of the irradiation source 5 and the center of the sample 7 to be detected are overlapped by a vertical axis.
As shown in fig. 2, the detection fixing structure 1 is a rectangular block structure with a circular or secant circular through hole in the inside, a clamping groove 8 is arranged at the lower edge of the through hole, the clamping groove 8 is connected with the detection fixing structure 1 to form a whole, a first strip-shaped connector 9 is further arranged at the edge of one side below the detection fixing structure 1, the detection fixing structure 1 is fixedly or movably connected with the irradiation fixing structure 4 through the first connector 9, the clamping groove 8 and the detection fixing structure 1 are integrated, and the detector 2 is inserted into the through hole of the detection fixing structure 1 and clamped through the clamping groove 8. With the arrangement, the detection fixing structure 1 mainly functions to fix the detector, and the detector 2 is fixed through the clamping groove 8, so that the detector 2 keeps a relatively fixed position in the measurement process.
As shown in fig. 3, the irradiation fixing structure 4 is a cuboid structure with a positioning layer 10 on the upper surface, the positioning layer 10 is provided with an arc-shaped clamping groove, the irradiation source 5 is clamped in the arc-shaped clamping groove, a strip-shaped second connector 11 is further arranged on the upper edge of the positioning layer 10, the irradiation fixing structure 4 is fixedly or movably connected with the detection fixing structure 1 through the second connector 11, and the second connector 11 is connected with the irradiation fixing structure 4 into a whole. So set up, 4 main effects of irradiation fixed knot construct are fixed radiation source, specifically push away the circular base of radiation source 5 to the arc draw-in groove in, make radiation source 5 and detector 2 be in same vertical axis.
As shown in fig. 6, when the first connecting body 9 and the second connecting body 11 are connected as a whole, the detection fixing structure 1 is fixedly installed above the irradiation fixing structure 4.
As shown in fig. 4, two ends of the second connecting body 11 are respectively fixed with two columns 3, and the movable ends of the columns 3 sequentially penetrate through the first connecting body 9 and the detection fixing structure 1 to movably mount the detection platform above the irradiation fixing structure 4. So set up, the regulation of distance between 2 and the radiation source 5 of detector is realized to stand 3, can be different according to the thickness of the sample that is surveyed in the test procedure, adjusts the distance between 2 and the radiation source 5 of detector.
The upright column 3 is sleeved with a positioning structure 12 between the detection platform and the irradiation platform, and the positioning structure 12 is used for limiting the distance of the irradiation platform above the detection platform.
As shown in fig. 5, the sample card slot 6 is a cover with a through hole at the center, and the shape of the through hole is consistent with the shape of the cross section of the sample 7 to be measured. So set up, sample draw-in groove 6 can the spiral-lock on radiation source 5, and the sample that awaits measuring clamps in the through-hole, and the relative position of fixed sample and radiation source makes the sample can cover the radiation source region completely, has avoided the error of artificial judgement, improves the test accuracy.
The through holes of the sample clamping groove 6 can be designed into different shapes according to the shape and the size of the sample 7 to be detected (the size of the cross section of the sample 7 to be detected is ensured to be required to completely shield the through holes of the sample clamping groove 6), and the sample 7 to be detected is fixed; the lower end of the sample clamping groove 6 is clamped with the shell of the irradiation source 5 through the edge, so that the relative position of the sample 7 to be detected and the irradiation source 5 is fixed.
The radiation source 5 comprises a radiation source and a shield, the radiation source is arranged in the shield and radiates outside through a radiation hole in the shield, the radiation source is Co-60, Ba-133, Cs-137 or Am-241, and the dosage rate of the radiation source is 10-8Gy/h. The device is free from time and place constraints in the test, and has high safety, reliable accuracy and certain flexibility.
Example 1:
the device shown in fig. 1 is used for detecting the shielding performance of the radiation protection material, and the specific method is as follows:
(1) connecting the detector and the counter, and fixing the tail end of the detector 2 on the detection fixing structure 1 to ensure that the position of the detector 2 is always kept still in the test process;
(2) placing a Co-60 radiation source 5 in a clamping groove of a positioning layer 10 of an irradiation fixing structure 4, and enabling the center of the radiation source 5 and the center of a detector 2 to be on the same vertical axis;
(3) opening the counter, and recording the irradiation intensity I when no sample 7 to be measured is shielded0；
(4) Placing a thin sample 7 to be measured with the size of phi 3cm and the thickness of 0.5cm right above a radiation source through a sample clamping groove 6, opening a counter, and recording the radiation intensity I after the sample is shielded;
(5) using the formula S ═ I0-I)/I0And calculating the shielding rate of the measured material.
Example 2:
(1) connecting the detector with the counter, and fixing the tail end of the detector 2 on the detection fixing structure 1 to ensure that the position of the detector 2 is always kept still in the test process;
(2) placing an Am-241 radiation source 5 in a clamping groove of a positioning layer 10 of an irradiation fixing structure 4 to enable the center of the radiation source 5 and the center of a detector 2 to be on the same vertical axis;
(3) opening the counter, and recording the irradiation intensity I when no sample 7 to be measured is shielded0；
(4) Placing a thin film sample 7 to be measured with the size of 5 x 5cm right above a radiation source through a sample clamping groove 6, opening a counter, and recording the radiation intensity I after the sample is shielded;
(5) using the formula S ═ I0-I)/I0And calculating the shielding rate of the measured material.
Example 3:
(1) connecting the detector and the counter, and fixing the tail end of the detector 2 on the detection fixing structure 1 to ensure that the position of the detector 2 is always kept still in the test process;
(2) placing the Cs-137 radiation source 5 in a clamping groove of a positioning layer 10 of the irradiation fixing structure 4, and enabling the center of the radiation source 5 and the center of the detector 2 to be on the same vertical axis;
(3) opening the counter, and recording the irradiation intensity I when no sample 7 to be measured is shielded0；
(4) Placing a blocky sample 7 to be detected with the size of 5 x 2cm right above a radiation source through a sample clamping groove 6, opening a counter, and recording the radiation intensity I after the sample is shielded;
(5) using the formula S ═ I0-I)/I0And calculating the shielding rate of the measured material.
Example 4:
(1) connecting a detector and a counter, fixing the tail end of the detector 2 on the detection fixing structure 1, ensuring that the position of the detector 2 is always kept still in the test process, and ensuring that the distance between the irradiation source 5 and the detector 2 is 2 cm;
(2) placing an Am-241 radiation source 5 in a clamping groove of a positioning layer 10 of an irradiation fixing structure 4 to enable the center of the radiation source 5 and the center of a detector 2 to be on the same vertical axis;
(3) opening the counter, and recording the irradiation intensity I when no sample 7 to be measured is shielded0；
(4) Placing a blocky sample 7 to be detected with the size of 5 x 1cm right above a radiation source through a sample clamping groove 6, opening a counter, and recording the radiation intensity I after the sample is shielded;
(5) using the formula S ═ I0-I)/I0And calculating the shielding rate of the measured material.
The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and modifications and changes thereof may be made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a detection apparatus for radiation protection material shielding property, a serial communication port, including surveying platform and irradiation platform, the fixed top of installing at irradiation platform or removal of surveying platform, the detection platform including surveying fixed knot structure (1) and detector (2), survey fixed knot structure (1) and be used for fixed detector (2), irradiation platform include irradiation fixed knot structure (4), irradiation source (5) and sample draw-in groove (6), irradiation fixed knot constructs (4) and is used for fixed irradiation source (5), the top at irradiation source (5) is fixed through sample draw-in groove (6) in sample (7) that awaits measuring, the center of center, irradiation source (5) of detector (2) and the center of the sample (7) that awaits measuring coincide for vertical axis.
2. The device for detecting the shielding performance of a radiation protection material according to claim 1, wherein the detection fixing structure (1) is a rectangular structure with a through hole with a circular or circular cut-off cross section formed therein, a clamping groove (8) is formed in the lower edge of the through hole, and the clamping groove (8) and the detection fixing structure (1) are connected to form a whole.
3. The radiation protection material shielding performance detection device according to claim 2, wherein a strip-shaped first connector (9) is further disposed at one side edge of the lower portion of the detection fixing structure (1), the detection fixing structure (1) is fixedly or movably connected with the irradiation fixing structure (4) through the first connector (9), and the first connector (9) is integrated with the slot (8) and the detection fixing structure (1).
4. The device for detecting the shielding property of the radiation protection material according to claim 2, wherein the detector (2) is inserted into the through hole of the detection fixing structure (1) and clamped through the clamping groove (8).
5. The device for detecting the shielding performance of the radiation protection material according to claim 3, wherein the radiation fixing structure (4) is a cuboid structure with a positioning layer (10) on the upper surface, an arc-shaped clamping groove is formed in the positioning layer (10), and the radiation source (5) is clamped in the arc-shaped clamping groove.
6. The radiation protection material shielding performance detection device according to claim 5, wherein a strip-shaped second connector (11) is further disposed at the upper edge of the positioning layer (10), the irradiation fixing structure (4) is fixedly or movably connected with the detection fixing structure (1) through the second connector (11), the second connector (11) and the irradiation fixing structure (4) are connected into a whole, and when the first connector (9) and the second connector (11) are connected into a whole, the detection fixing structure (1) is fixedly mounted above the irradiation fixing structure (4).
7. The radiation protection material shielding performance detection device according to claim 6, wherein two ends of the second connector (11) are respectively fixed with two columns (3), the movable ends of the columns (3) sequentially pass through the first connector (9) and the detection fixing structure (1) to movably mount the detection platform above the irradiation fixing structure (4), a positioning structure (12) is sleeved between the detection platform and the irradiation platform on the columns (3), and the positioning structure (12) is used for limiting the distance of the irradiation platform above the detection platform.
8. The device for detecting the shielding performance of a radiation protection material according to claim 1, wherein the sample slot (6) is a cover with a through hole at the center, and the shape of the through hole is consistent with the shape of the cross section of the sample (7) to be detected.
9. The apparatus for detecting shielding performance of a radiation protection material according to claim 8, wherein the radiation source (5) comprises a radiation source and a shield, the radiation source is disposed inside the shield and radiates to the outside through a radiation hole inside the shield, the radiation source is Co-60, Ba-133, Cs-137 or Am-241, and the dose rate of the radiation source is 10-8Gy/h；
The sample (7) to be detected is a sheet, film or block material, and the cross section size of the sample (7) to be detected needs to completely shield the through hole of the sample clamping groove (6).
10. A method for evaluating the shielding properties of a radiation-shielding material using the detecting device of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
step 1, after the device is built, determining that the centers of a detector (2) and an irradiation source (5) are positioned on the same axis;
step 2, opening a counter, and recording the irradiation intensity I when no sample is shielded0；
Step 3, inserting a sample (7) to be detected at a central through hole of the sample clamping groove (6), covering the sample clamping groove (6) on the radiation source 5, opening the counter, and recording the radiation intensity I after the sample is shielded;
step 4, using formula S ═ I (I)0-I)/I0And calculating the shielding rate of the measured material.
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