CN114486621B - Automatic measuring device and measuring method for bulk density of explosives and powders - Google Patents
Automatic measuring device and measuring method for bulk density of explosives and powders Download PDFInfo
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- CN114486621B CN114486621B CN202111534684.XA CN202111534684A CN114486621B CN 114486621 B CN114486621 B CN 114486621B CN 202111534684 A CN202111534684 A CN 202111534684A CN 114486621 B CN114486621 B CN 114486621B
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N9/00—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity
- G01N9/02—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity by measuring weight of a known volume
- G01N9/04—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity by measuring weight of a known volume of fluids
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic measurement device and a measurement method for the bulk density of explosives and powders, wherein the measurement device comprises a sample loading funnel, a shielding mechanism, a scraping plate mechanism, a standard cup for holding samples, an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the position of the standard cup, a dredging mechanism for dredging the samples in the sample loading funnel, an electronic balance with a communication interface, a sample recovery mechanism, a controller, a data acquisition module and a display; the sample loading funnel, the shielding mechanism, the scraping plate mechanism and the standard cup are sequentially arranged from top to bottom along the vertical direction; the shielding mechanism comprises two shielding blades and a blade rotating motor which are oppositely arranged, and the scraping plate mechanism comprises a scraping plate and a telescopic motor; the adjusting mechanism comprises a clamping hand, a clamping hand motor, a turnover motor, a first lifting motor, a first screw rod sliding block mechanism and a rotating motor; the invention can realize the functions of automatic sample leakage, automatic strickling, automatic weighing, sample recovery and the like, practically ensure the safety and the physical health of test personnel, and improve the accuracy and the detection efficiency of test data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of explosive analysis and detection, and particularly relates to an automatic measuring device and method for explosive bulk density.
Background
The bulk density of the explosives and powders affects the fluidity of the explosives and powders, and thus affects the charging process and the formability of the explosives and powders. The explosive charging process with high bulk density and good granularity grading is easy to control. The formed grain has high and even density, good performance and safe use, and otherwise, the power strength of the formed grain is affected. If the grain contains gaps or the quality is uneven, the shells can be pre-fried, rifled and the like, and the use safety is seriously affected. Therefore, the bulk density is an important physicochemical index of the explosives and powders, and has important guiding significance for the production, processing and filling of the explosives and powders.
The bulk density is formed into a national military standard method GJB772A-97 method 402.3, which is only applicable to the measurement of the bulk density of low sensitivity explosives. The test principle is that at a certain temperature, the sample falls into a container with a specified volume freely from a certain height, and the ratio of the mass of the sample in the container to the occupied volume is obtained to obtain the bulk density of the sample under the condition. The existing bulk density test has the following disadvantages:
(1) The GJB772A-97 method 402.3 is only suitable for measuring the bulk density of low-sensitivity explosives, and cannot measure the bulk density of sensitive explosives;
(2) When the explosive and the explosive sample freely fall into a container with a specified volume from a certain height, friction and impact of the explosive and the explosive are easy to cause combustion and explosion. There is a great potential safety hazard to personnel who are directly facing the manual operation of explosives and powders. In addition, small particle samples in the measuring process are easy to generate dust, and the short-distance operation leads to inhalation of operators and influences on the health of the operators;
(3) Because of the research and development of novel explosive products, the difference of the flowability of the explosives and powders with different types of powder sizes causes that part of explosive and powder samples cannot normally and freely fall from a hopper, operators are required to manually dredge the explosive and powder samples by using tools, and the dredging process is easy to cause friction of the explosives and powders to cause combustion explosion;
(4) After the sample falls into the standard cup, operators need to manually use a scraping plate to vertically contact with the upper edge of the standard cup and scrape the surface at a unidirectional uniform speed, the scraping speeds of different operators are inconsistent, the surface flatness is also inconsistent, and the accuracy of the stacking density test data cannot be ensured;
(5) The cleaning difficulty of the explosive and the powder sample scattered at the bottom of the standard cup is high, particularly, the cleaning is difficult due to electrostatic adsorption generated by friction between part of the sample and the test device, and the detection efficiency is low;
(6) The sample recovery needs manual operation, so that the explosive sample is easy to be polluted and has great potential safety hazard;
(7) The manual recording of test data has larger human error and is easy to cause poor accuracy of test results.
In summary, in the process of measuring the bulk density of the explosives and powders, an automatic measuring device for the bulk density of the explosives and powders is urgently needed, so that the authenticity, accuracy and safety of the bulk density test of the explosives and powders are ensured, and the detection efficiency is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention provides an automatic measuring device and method for the bulk density of explosives and powders, which are used for solving the problems that the existing measuring mode has more manual participation, the potential safety hazard is large and the measuring accuracy is easily affected.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses an automatic measuring device for the bulk density of explosives and powders, which comprises a sample loading funnel, a shielding mechanism, a scraping plate mechanism, a standard cup for containing samples, an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the position of the standard cup, a dredging mechanism for dredging the samples in the sample loading funnel, an electronic balance with a communication interface, a sample recycling mechanism, a controller, a data acquisition module and a display;
the sample loading funnel, the shielding mechanism, the scraping plate mechanism and the standard cup are sequentially arranged from top to bottom along the vertical direction;
the shielding mechanism comprises two shielding blades and a blade rotating motor which are oppositely arranged, and the blade rotating motor drives the shielding blades to rotate on a vertical surface;
the scraping plate mechanism comprises a scraping plate and a telescopic motor, and the telescopic motor drives the scraping plate to move back and forth in the horizontal direction;
the adjusting mechanism comprises a clamping hand, a clamping hand motor, a turnover motor, a first lifting motor, a first screw rod sliding block mechanism and a rotating motor; the clamping hand is used for clamping the standard cup, and the motor of the clamping hand controls the opening and closing of the clamping hand; the overturning motor is connected with the hand clamping motor and is used for driving the hand clamping and the hand clamping motor to integrally rotate around a certain horizontal shaft; the screw rod of the first screw rod sliding block mechanism is connected with a first lifting motor, the sliding block of the first screw rod sliding block mechanism is connected with a turnover motor, and the first lifting motor drives the clamping hand, the clamping hand motor and the turnover motor to move up and down integrally; the rotating motor is connected with a screw of the first screw slider mechanism to drive the first screw slider mechanism, the first lifting motor, the clamping hand motor and the overturning motor to integrally rotate around the axis direction of the screw;
the collecting ports of the standard cup, the balance and the sample recovery mechanism are positioned on a circumferential line formed by rotating the clamping ports of the clamping hands around the axis direction of the screw rod;
the controller is connected with the blade rotating motor, the telescopic motor, the hand clamping motor, the overturning motor, the first lifting motor and the rotating motor and used for controlling the movement of each motor; the data acquisition module is used for acquiring data weighed by the electronic balance, and the display is used for displaying the acquired data and a calculation result.
Specifically, the sample recovery mechanism comprises a second upright post, a quick-release clamp, a sleeve and a sample recovery bag, wherein the top of the sleeve is connected to the second upright post through the quick-release clamp, and the bottom of the sleeve is connected with the sample recovery bag; the sleeve is provided with an inclined section, and the inner diameter of the inclined section gradually reduces from top to bottom.
Specifically, a circle of grooves matched with the width of the clamping hand are formed in the cup body of the standard cup.
Specifically, the dredging mechanism comprises a dredging rod, a second lifting motor and a second screw rod sliding block mechanism, wherein the second lifting motor is connected with a screw rod of the second screw rod sliding block mechanism, and the dredging rod is connected with a sliding block part of the second screw rod sliding block mechanism; the second lifting motor is connected with the controller.
Specifically, measuring device still includes first stand, be provided with the cantilever on the not co-altitude of first stand respectively, dress appearance funnel, blade rotating motor, flexible motor are connected on the cantilever respectively.
Further, measuring device still includes the collecting tray, the collecting tray includes support, disk body and drawer, the disk body is unsettled to be supported through the support that sets up around it, the drawer sets up in the disk body bottom, be provided with the silo that falls around its circumferencial direction on the disk body.
The remote monitoring module is used for monitoring the running states of all the mechanisms of the recording and measuring device.
The invention also discloses an automatic measurement method of the explosive bulk density, which adopts the automatic measurement device of the explosive bulk density to measure, and comprises the following steps:
step 1, controlling all motors to return to an initial state, so that a shielding blade is closed, a scraping plate is positioned at the leftmost zero position, a standard cup is positioned under a sample loading funnel, and a clamping hand is in an open state and positioned at the standard cup; filling a sample into a sample filling funnel, and recording the self weight and the volume of a standard cup;
step 2, controlling the blade rotating motor to operate so as to open the shielding blade, and controlling the blade rotating motor to rotate so as to close the shielding blade after the sample hopper for the explosives and powders starts to fall into the standard cup and the set sample leakage time is reached;
if the sample in the standard cup is observed to be not full of the sample beyond the set time, a dredging mechanism is adopted to dredge the sample in the sample loading funnel until the sample is leaked normally, and when the sample in the standard cup is observed to be full of the sample, the blade rotating motor is controlled to rotate so as to enable the shielding blade to be closed;
step 3, controlling the telescopic motor to operate so that the scraping plate uniformly scrapes the surface of the upper edge opening of the standard cup (4) in a unidirectional manner, and scraping the sample;
step 4, controlling a hand clamping motor to operate so as to enable a hand to grasp the standard cup, controlling a first lifting motor to operate so as to enable the bottom of the standard cup to be higher than the surface of the electronic balance, controlling a rotating motor to operate so as to enable the standard cup to rotate to be right above the electronic balance, controlling the first lifting motor to operate so as to enable the standard cup to descend onto the electronic balance, controlling the hand clamping motor to loosen the hand clamping, and collecting the numerical value of the electronic balance at the moment; then integrating the weight and the volume of the standard cup to calculate the stacking density of the sample;
step 5, controlling a hand clamping motor to operate a hand clamping device to clamp the standard cup, controlling a first lifting motor to operate so that the standard cup ascends to the position above a collecting port of the sample recovery mechanism, controlling a rotating motor to operate so that the standard cup rotates to the position above the collecting port, controlling a turning motor to operate so that the hand clamping device slowly rotates 180 degrees, and pouring a sample in the standard cup into the sample recovery mechanism;
and 6, repeating the steps 1 to 5 to obtain measurement data of different sample bulk densities or multiple groups of measurement data of the same sample.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention changes the traditional manual measurement mode, the whole measurement process can be automatically controlled, the functions of automatic sample leakage, automatic scraping, automatic weighing, sample recovery and the like are realized, the potential safety hazard of the test can be eliminated, the safety and the physical health of the test personnel are practically ensured, and the accuracy and the detection efficiency of the test data are improved.
Other advantages of the present invention are described in detail in the detailed description.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a mechanical part of an automatic measuring apparatus according to example 1.
Fig. 2 is a spatial position diagram of a hand grip, a standard cup, an electronic balance, and a sample collection mechanism of the measuring apparatus described in example 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a sample loading funnel of the measuring apparatus described in example 1.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a standard cup of the measuring apparatus described in example 1.
Fig. 5 is a front view of a collection tray of the measuring apparatus according to example 1.
Fig. 6 is a top view of a collection tray of the measuring apparatus according to example 1.
The reference numerals in the drawings illustrate:
the device comprises a 1-sample loading funnel, a 2-shielding mechanism, a 3-scraping plate mechanism, a 4-standard cup, a 5-adjusting mechanism, a 6-dredging mechanism, a 7-electronic balance, an 8-sample recycling mechanism, a 9-cantilever, a 10-funnel clamp, an 11-collecting disc, a 12-bottom plate and a 13-camera;
201-shielding blades, 202-a blade rotating motor;
301-scraping plate, 302-telescopic motor;
401-grooves;
501-clamping hands, 502-clamping hand motors, 503-overturning motors, 504-first lifting motors, 505-first lead screw sliding block mechanisms and 506-rotating motors;
601-a dredging rod, 602-a second lifting motor, 603-a second lead screw sliding block mechanism, 604-a fixing clamp;
801-second upright post, 802-quick release clamp, 803-sleeve, 804-sample recovery bag, 805-lock catch;
8031-vertical section, 8032-inclined section;
1101-support, 1102-tray, 1103-drawer, 1104-chute.
Detailed Description
In the following description of the present invention, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "connected," and the like should be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected or detachably connected or integrated; either direct or indirect connection, etc. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present technical solution can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific circumstances.
In the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, terms such as "upper, lower, bottom, top" and "upper" are used to refer to the definition of the figure plane of the corresponding figure, the definition of "inner and outer" are used to refer to the definition of the figure plane of the corresponding figure, and the definition of "front and rear" are used to refer to the definition of the direction of gas flow.
The present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments, and the respective specific technical features described in the following specific embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction as long as they do not deviate from the idea of the present invention and should also be regarded as the disclosure of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment discloses explosive bulk density automatic measuring device, including dress appearance funnel 1, shelter from mechanism 2, scraper blade mechanism 3, standard cup 4, adjustment mechanism 5, mediation mechanism 6, have communication interface's electronic balance 7, sample recovery mechanism 8, controller, data acquisition module and display. Wherein, standard cup 4 is used for holding the sample, and adjustment mechanism 5 is used for adjusting the position of standard cup 4, and dredging mechanism 6 is used for dredging the sample in the dress appearance funnel 1, and the inside explosive sample bridging phenomenon that probably appears of dress appearance funnel 1 leads to blockking up the sample and can not normally leak down, consequently sets up dredging mechanism 6 and dredges.
The mechanical body part of the measuring device according to the invention is shown in fig. 1. The sample loading funnel 1, the shielding mechanism 2, the scraping plate mechanism 3 and the standard cup 4 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom along the vertical direction, so that samples in the sample loading funnel 1 fall into the standard cup 4 after passing through the shielding mechanism 2.
The sample loading funnel 1 is made of brass, and a concave step is arranged at a position with a certain distance downwards on the upper edge of the funnel and is used for fixing and positioning during quick disassembly, as shown in fig. 3. The distance between the lower mouth of the loading funnel 1 and the upper edge of the standard cup 4 is a fixed value (the distance is required to be 63.5mm by national military standards). The funnel is internally provided with the line of dividing, carries out full medicine judgement when being convenient for the tester to charge.
The shielding mechanism 2 comprises two shielding blades 201 and a blade rotating motor 202 which are oppositely arranged, the blade rotating motor 202 drives the shielding blades 201 to rotate on a vertical surface, when the two shielding blades 201 rotate to be horizontal, the two shielding blades 201 are in butt joint and are closed, a sample in the sample loading funnel 1 is prevented from falling into a standard cup, when the two shielding blades rotate clockwise, a gap between the two shielding blades 201 is gradually increased, the amount of sample leakage in the sample loading funnel 1 can be controlled, and when the shielding blades 201 rotate to be vertical, a sample leakage port is completely opened.
The scraper mechanism 3 comprises a scraper 301 and a telescopic motor 302, the telescopic motor 302 drives the scraper 301 to move back and forth in the horizontal direction, the sample on the surface of the standard cup 4 is scraped, and the consistency of measurement tests is ensured.
The standard cup 4 is made according to the national army standard in core size, and brass is selected as a material. In order to ensure that the grip 501 reliably grips the standard cup 4, a circle of grooves are formed in the waist line of the standard cup 4, as shown in fig. 4.
In order to fix the sample loading funnel 1, the vane rotating motor 202 and the telescopic motor 302, a first upright is provided, and three cantilevers 9 are respectively arranged at different heights of the first upright, wherein the uppermost cantilever 9 is provided with a funnel clamp 10 for fixing the sample loading funnel 1, and the funnel clamp 10 is a ring clamp. The other two cantilevers 9 are connected to the blade rotation motor 202 and the telescopic motor 302, respectively.
As a preferable scheme of the embodiment, the first upright post can be sleeved on the screw rod of the second screw rod sliding block mechanism 603, namely, the first upright post can be used as a protective shell of the screw rod and also can be used as a connecting post of the sample loading funnel 1, the blade rotating motor 202 and the telescopic motor 302.
The adjusting mechanism 5 includes a grip 501, a grip motor 502, a turnover motor 503, a first lift motor 504, a first screw slider mechanism 505, and a rotary motor 506. The clamping hand 501 is used for clamping a standard cup, the clamping hand motor 502 is connected with the clamping hand 501, the opening and the closing of the clamping hand 501 are controlled, and in the movement process, if the standard cup falls, an alarm prompt is given and measurement and detection are stopped, so that the standard cup 4 is grabbed, and the clamping hand motor 502 adopts servo motor and carries out moment detection; the overturning motor 503 is connected with the hand clamping motor 502 and is used for driving the hand clamping 501 and the hand clamping motor 502 to integrally rotate around a certain horizontal axis so as to realize sample pouring of the sample in the standard cup 4; the lead screw of first lead screw slider mechanism 505 is vertical to be set up, and first elevator motor 504 is connected at the top, and the slider of first lead screw slider mechanism 505 is connected with upset motor 503, rotates through first elevator motor 504 and drives the lead screw and rotate, and the lead screw rotates and drives the slider and reciprocate, and then drives tong 501, tong motor 502, upset motor 503 whole reciprocates. The grip 501, the grip motor 502, the turnover motor 503, and the slider of this embodiment are sequentially connected in the horizontal direction. The rotating motor 506 is disposed at the bottom of the screw of the first screw slider mechanism 505, and is connected to the screw base, so as to drive the first screw slider mechanism 505, the first lifting motor 504, the grip 501, the grip motor 502, and the turning motor 503 to rotate integrally around the screw axis direction.
It should be noted that the collection ports (i.e., the top opening of the sleeve 803) of the standard cup 4, the balance 7, and the sample collection mechanism 8 of the present embodiment are located on a circumferential line a formed by rotating the grip port of the grip 501 around the axis direction of the screw.
The dredging mechanism 6 of the present embodiment includes a dredging rod 601, a second lift motor 602 and a second screw slider mechanism 603, the second lift motor 602 is connected with a screw of the second screw slider mechanism 603, the screw is vertically fixed on a bottom support plate, and the dredging rod 601 is connected with a slider portion of the second screw slider mechanism 603. The dredging bar 601 is a wood bar, a fixing clamp 604 is arranged on the sliding block, and the dredging bar 601 is clamped by the fixing clamp 604. When the bridging phenomenon occurs in the sample loading funnel 1 and the sample cannot leak, the second lifting motor 602 is controlled to operate so that the dredging rod 601 moves up and down to dredge the sample in the sample loading funnel 1 until the sample leaks normally.
The sample collection mechanism 8 of the present embodiment includes a second upright 801, a quick release clip 802, a sleeve 803, and a sample collection bag 804. The sleeve 803 is composed of a vertical section 8031 and an inclined section 8032, wherein the vertical section 8031 is used for mounting a quick release clip 802, and the quick release clip 802 is connected to the second upright 801. The sleeve axis of the inclined section 8031 forms a certain included angle with the vertical line, and the inner diameter of the inclined section 8032 gradually reduces from the top to the bottom, so that the sample can conveniently slide down.
In order to facilitate replacement and fixing of the sample collection bag 804, a locking groove is provided on the outer wall of the bottom of the inclined section 8031, and the opening of the sample collection bag 804 is fastened in the locking groove by a lock 805.
The controller is connected with the blade rotating motor 202, the telescopic motor 302, the hand clamping motor 502, the overturning motor 503, the first lifting motor 504, the rotating motor 506 and the second lifting motor 602, and is used for controlling the movement of each motor. The controller of the embodiment takes a fixed high GTS motion controller as a core to control seven groups of motor systems.
The electronic balance 7 can be in data transmission with a computer, the data acquisition module is used for acquiring data weighed by the electronic balance 7, and the display is used for displaying acquired data, monitoring videos, calculation results and the like.
In order to collect the sample around the standard cup 4, the invention also provides a collecting tray 11, as shown in fig. 5, the collecting tray comprises a support 1101, a tray body 1102 and a drawer 1103, the tray body 1102 is suspended and supported by the support 1101 arranged around the collecting tray, the tray body 1102 and the support 1101 are integrally processed, and the standard cup 4 is placed on the tray body 1102. The drawer 1103 is arranged at the bottom of the tray 1102, a blanking groove 1104 is arranged on the tray 1102 around the circumferential direction of the tray 1102, the blanking groove 1104 is specifically a semicircular groove, as shown in fig. 6, the blanking groove 1104 is arranged around the standard cup 4, and the samples on the tray fall into the drawer 1103 at the bottom.
In order to achieve the integration of the whole device, the adjusting mechanism 5, the dredging mechanism 6, the first upright, the collecting tray 11, the balance 7 and the sample recovering mechanism 8 are all arranged on a bottom plate 12.
In order to monitor the operation state of each mechanism of the measuring device, a remote monitoring module is also arranged. The remote monitoring module comprises a camera 13, an exchanger and a communication network port, and the camera 13 timely transmits the measured image to the exchanger through the communication network port.
Example 2
The embodiment discloses an automatic measurement method for the bulk density of explosives and powders, which adopts the automatic measurement device for the bulk density of explosives and powders described in the embodiment 1 to carry out measurement, and comprises the following steps:
step 1, controlling all motors to return to an initial state, so that a shielding blade 201 is closed, a scraping plate 301 is positioned at the leftmost zero position, a standard cup 4 is positioned right below a sample loading funnel 1, a cup opening is upward, and a clamping hand 501 is in an open state and positioned at the standard cup 4;
placing the standard cup 4 used for the measurement on an electronic balance 7 to measure the self weight of the standard cup 4; the test staff leaves the measuring chamber after loading the sample into the sample loading funnel 1, closes the door of the measuring chamber, enters the control chamber, and inputs the weight and the volume of the standard cup into computer software;
step 2, beginning to leak samples into the standard cup 4, specifically: controlling the blade rotating motor 202 to operate so as to open the shielding blade 201, and controlling the blade rotating motor 202 to rotate so as to close the shielding blade 201 after the explosive sample begins to fall into the standard cup 4 along the sample loading funnel 1 and reaches the set sample leakage time;
if the sample in the standard cup 4 is observed to be not full beyond the set time, the situation that the explosive and the explosive sample are bridged in the sample filling funnel 1 possibly occurs, so that the blocked sample cannot be leaked normally is indicated, at the moment, the second lifting motor 602 is controlled to operate, the dredging rod 601 is driven to move up and down to dredge the sample filling funnel until the sample is leaked normally, and when the sample in the standard cup 4 is observed to be full, the blade rotating motor 202 is controlled to rotate so as to enable the shielding blade 201 to be closed. A manual opening and closing button is arranged on the computer control software to manually control the starting and closing of the second lifting motor 602 and the blade rotating motor 202.
Step 3, strickling the sample in the standard cup: controlling the telescopic motor 302 to run so that the scraping plate 301 uniformly scrapes the surface of the upper edge opening of the standard cup 4 in a unidirectional way, and scraping the sample;
step 4, weighing the sample and calculating the bulk density: controlling a hand clamping motor 502 to operate so that the hand clamping 501 grasps the standard cup 4, controlling a first lifting motor 504 to operate so that the standard cup 4 is lifted to the bottom of the standard cup and higher than the surface of the electronic balance 7 and also higher than the top of the collecting tray 11, controlling a rotating motor 506 to operate so that the standard cup 4 is rotated to be right above the electronic balance 7, controlling the first lifting motor 504 to operate so that the standard cup 4 is lowered onto the electronic balance 7, controlling the hand clamping motor 502 to loosen the hand clamping 501, and collecting the numerical value of the electronic balance 7 at the moment;
calculating the bulk density of the sample by combining the self weight and the volume of the standard cup 4 input into software;
step 5, sample recovery: the hand clamping motor 502 is controlled to operate the hand clamping 501 to clamp the standard cup 4, the first lifting motor 504 is controlled to operate so that the standard cup 4 is lifted to the position above the collecting opening of the sample recovery mechanism 8, the bottom of the standard cup 4 is ensured to be higher than the collecting opening, the rotating motor 506 is controlled to operate so that the standard cup 4 is rotated to the position above the collecting opening, the overturning motor 503 is controlled to operate so that the hand clamping 501 is slowly rotated by 180 degrees, and samples in the standard cup 4 are poured into the sample recovery mechanism 8. At this time, in order to pour out all the samples in the standard cup 4, the overturning motor 503 overturns back and forth to simulate the knocking action.
And 6, repeating the steps 1 to 5 to obtain measurement data of different sample bulk densities or multiple groups of measurement data of the same sample.
When the sample in the drawer 1103 of the collection tray 11 needs to be cleaned, the drawer 1103 is pulled out and poured into the sample collection bag 804.
The following verifies the precision and accuracy of the explosive bulk density data measured by the measuring device:
selecting a certain low-sensitivity explosive as a 1# sample, a certain sensitive explosive as a 2# sample and a certain gunpowder as a 3# sample, and measuring the bulk density of the three gunpowder and explosive medicines, wherein the data are shown in the following table:
as can be seen from the above bulk density measurement data, the difference between 3 samples was 0.01 g.cm -3 、 0.00g·cm -3 、0.01g·cm -3 The parallel difference is not more than 0.03 g.cm lower than the national military standard -3 Is not limited. The method is used for measuring the bulk density of the low-sensitivity explosive or the sensitive explosive, and the measured data has good precision and high accuracy.
Claims (8)
1. The automatic measuring device for the bulk density of the explosives and powders is characterized by comprising a sample loading funnel (1), a shielding mechanism (2), a scraping plate mechanism (3), a standard cup (4) for containing samples, an adjusting mechanism (5) for adjusting the position of the standard cup (4), a dredging mechanism (6) for dredging the samples in the sample loading funnel (1), an electronic balance (7) with a communication interface, a sample recovery mechanism (8), a controller, a data acquisition module and a display;
the sample loading funnel (1), the shielding mechanism (2), the scraping plate mechanism (3) and the standard cup (4) are sequentially arranged from top to bottom along the vertical direction;
the shielding mechanism (2) comprises two shielding blades (201) and a blade rotating motor (202) which are oppositely arranged, and the blade rotating motor (202) drives the shielding blades (201) to rotate on a vertical surface;
the scraping plate mechanism (3) comprises a scraping plate (301) and a telescopic motor (302), and the telescopic motor (302) drives the scraping plate (301) to move back and forth in the horizontal direction;
the adjusting mechanism (5) comprises a clamping hand (501), a clamping hand motor (502), a turnover motor (503), a first lifting motor (504), a first screw rod sliding block mechanism (505) and a rotating motor (506); the clamping hand (501) is used for clamping the standard cup, and the clamping hand motor (502) controls the opening and closing of the clamping hand (501); the overturning motor (503) is connected with the hand clamping motor (502) and is used for driving the hand clamping motor (502) and the hand clamping motor (501) to integrally rotate around a certain horizontal shaft; the screw rod of the first screw rod sliding block mechanism (505) is connected with a first lifting motor (504), the sliding block of the first screw rod sliding block mechanism (505) is connected with a turnover motor (503), and the first lifting motor (504) drives a clamping hand (501), the clamping hand motor (502) and the turnover motor (503) to move up and down integrally; the rotating motor (506) is connected with a screw of the first screw slider mechanism (505) to drive the first screw slider mechanism (505), the first lifting motor (504), the clamping hand (501), the clamping hand motor (502) and the overturning motor (503) to integrally rotate around the axis direction of the screw;
the collecting ports of the standard cup (4), the balance (7) and the sample recovery mechanism (8) are positioned on a circumferential line formed by rotating the clamping ports of the clamping hands (501) around the axis direction of the screw rod;
the controller is connected with the blade rotating motor (202), the telescopic motor (302), the hand clamping motor (502), the overturning motor (503), the first lifting motor (504) and the rotating motor (506) and is used for controlling the movement of each motor; the data acquisition module is used for acquiring data weighed by the electronic balance (7), and the display is used for displaying the acquired data and a calculation result.
2. The automatic measurement device for the bulk density of explosives and powders according to claim 1, characterized in that the sample recovery mechanism (8) comprises a second upright (801), a quick release clamp (802), a sleeve (803) and a sample recovery bag (804), the top of the sleeve (803) is connected to the second upright (801) through the quick release clamp (802), and the bottom of the sleeve (803) is connected with the sample recovery bag (804); the sleeve (803) is provided with an inclined section (8032), and the inner diameter of the inclined section (8032) gradually decreases from top to bottom.
3. An automatic measuring device for the bulk density of explosives and powders according to claim 1, characterized in that a circle of grooves (401) matched with the width of the clamping hand (501) is arranged on the cup body of the standard cup (4).
4. The explosive bulk density automatic measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the dredging mechanism (6) comprises a dredging rod (601), a second lifting motor (602) and a second screw slider mechanism (603), the second lifting motor (602) is connected with a screw of the second screw slider mechanism (603), and the dredging rod (601) is connected with a slider part of the second screw slider mechanism (603); the second lifting motor (602) is connected with the controller.
5. The automatic measuring device for the bulk density of the explosives and powders according to claim 1, further comprising a first upright post, wherein cantilever arms (9) are respectively arranged at different heights of the first upright post, and the sample loading funnel (1), the blade rotating motor (202) and the telescopic motor (302) are respectively connected to the cantilever arms (9).
6. The automatic measuring device for the bulk density of explosives and powders according to claim 1, further comprising a collecting tray (11), wherein the collecting tray comprises a support (1101), a tray body (1102) and a drawer (1103), the tray body (1102) is suspended and supported by the support (1101) arranged around the tray body, the drawer (1103) is arranged at the bottom of the tray body (1102), and a blanking groove (1104) is arranged on the tray body (1102) around the circumferential direction of the tray body.
7. The automated measurement device of explosive bulk density of claim 1, further comprising a remote monitoring module for monitoring the operational status of each mechanism of the recorded measurement device.
8. An automatic measurement method of the bulk density of explosives and powders, characterized in that the automatic measurement device of the bulk density of the explosives and powders according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is used for measurement, and the measurement method comprises the following steps:
step 1, controlling all motors to return to an initial state, so that a shielding blade (201) is closed, a scraping plate (301) is positioned at the leftmost zero position, a standard cup (4) is positioned under a sample loading funnel (1), and a clamping hand (501) is positioned at an opening state and positioned at the standard cup (4); filling a sample into the sample filling funnel (1), and recording the self weight and volume of the standard cup (4);
step 2, controlling a blade rotating motor (202) to operate so as to open a shielding blade (201), enabling the explosive samples to fall into a standard cup (4) along a sample loading funnel (1), and controlling the blade rotating motor (202) to rotate so as to close the shielding blade (201) after the set sample leaking time is reached;
if the sample in the standard cup (4) is observed to be not full of the sample beyond the set time, a dredging mechanism (6) is adopted to dredge the sample in the sample loading funnel (1) until the sample is leaked normally, and when the sample in the standard cup (4) is observed to be full of the sample, a blade rotating motor (202) is controlled to rotate so as to enable a shielding blade (201) to be closed;
step 3, controlling the telescopic motor (302) to operate so that the scraping plate (301) uniformly scrapes the surface of the upper edge opening of the standard cup (4) in a unidirectional manner, and scraping the sample;
step 4, controlling a hand clamping motor (502) to operate so that a hand (501) grasps a standard cup (4), controlling a first lifting motor (504) to operate so that the standard cup (4) is lifted to the bottom of the standard cup and higher than the surface of an electronic balance (7), controlling a rotating motor (506) to operate so that the standard cup (4) is rotated to the position right above the electronic balance (7), controlling the first lifting motor (504) to operate so that the standard cup (4) is lowered onto the electronic balance (7), and controlling the hand clamping motor (502) to loosen the hand clamping motor (501) to collect the numerical value of the electronic balance (7) at the moment; then integrating the self weight and the volume of the standard cup (4) to calculate the stacking density of the sample;
step 5, controlling a hand clamping motor (502) to operate a hand clamping motor (501) to clamp a standard cup (4), controlling a first lifting motor (504) to operate so that the standard cup (4) rises above a collecting port of a sample recovery mechanism (8), controlling a rotating motor (506) to operate so that the standard cup (4) rotates above the collecting port, controlling a turning motor (503) to operate so that the hand clamping motor (501) rotates 180 degrees slowly, and pouring a sample in the standard cup (4) into the sample recovery mechanism (8);
and 6, repeating the steps 1 to 5 to obtain measurement data of different sample bulk densities or multiple groups of measurement data of the same sample.
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