CN114486128B - Gas leakage detection device and method integrating ultrasonic wave and passive infrared imaging - Google Patents
Gas leakage detection device and method integrating ultrasonic wave and passive infrared imaging Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a gas leakage detection device and method integrating ultrasonic waves and passive infrared imaging, which are used for solving the defects that the detected gas type is limited, the flow value of leaked gas cannot be detected and the like when the gas leakage is detected by adopting a passive gas infrared imaging method at present. The detection device comprises a shell, wherein an optical detection assembly and an ultrasonic detection assembly are arranged at the front part of the shell, a central control module and a data comparison module are arranged in the shell, and the optical detection assembly, the ultrasonic detection assembly and the data comparison module are all connected with the central control module. The passive infrared imaging system is adopted, so that gas leakage points can be qualitatively obtained, various gases can be detected through acoustic measurement, and the gas leakage flow value can be calculated; the invention combines ultrasonic wave and passive infrared imaging to obtain the gas leakage point position image containing leakage amount information, and can also complement the defect of limited gas measurement of the passive infrared imaging system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gas detection, in particular to a gas leakage detection device and method integrating ultrasonic waves and passive infrared imaging.
Background
In petrochemical production and transportation, very complex equipment is used, and long-term use or defects in design of the equipment can lead to gas leakage, such as natural gas leakage, and the gas leakage can lead to environmental pollution or even explosion. The rapid, effective and quantitative detection of the gas leakage point position and the leakage concentration are important guarantees for safe production. At present, most detection means in petrochemical industry are handheld fixed point detection and laser telemetry devices; fixed point detection requires that the operator hold the device at every possible leak point, which is inefficient, unsafe, and even difficult to reach when encountering complex devices. The laser telemetry can realize the remote detection of the points, and contact detection is not needed any more; however, laser telemetry cannot achieve rapid large-range screening detection, and if scanning laser telemetry is required for large-range screening, scanning time of scanning laser telemetry equipment is long, so that the method is not helpful for improving detection efficiency.
The passive infrared imaging system can well overcome the defects, and can realize large-scale, non-contact and rapid qualitative detection of leakage points and output of image information by using a layer radiation principle. When a complex point cannot be reached, whether leakage exists or not can be detected only by using a passive infrared imaging system to aim at the point, and the detection method can be used for rapidly judging and visualizing colorless gas.
However, the passive infrared imaging system generally can only aim at specific gas, and cannot comprehensively screen leakage points, for example, the conventional passive gas infrared imaging system is used for detecting hydrocarbon gas by using a 3.3um wave band, and other gas leakage cannot be detected effectively. In addition, passive gas infrared imaging cannot achieve quantitative detection. In practical use, workers need to take urgent safety measures according to the amount of leaked gas. Therefore, in practical use, a method which can be used for quick, accurate, large-scale and visual qualitative detection and contactless quantitative detection is needed.
The ultrasonic wave is a sound wave with the frequency higher than 20KHz, and the strong sound field is easy to converge and is mostly used for acoustic sensing detection. In petrochemical industry, gas storage or transportation has a certain pressure difference with the outside, and turbulence is formed once gas leaks, and the turbulence generates ultrasonic waves at the positions of the leakage holes. The gas leakage amount can be estimated according to the information such as the internal pressure and the external pressure of the leakage point.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a gas leakage detection device and method integrating ultrasonic waves and passive infrared imaging, which are used for solving the defects that the detected gas type is limited, the concentration, the flow value and the like of the leaked gas cannot be detected when the gas leakage is detected by adopting a passive gas infrared imaging method at present.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the utility model provides a fuse ultrasonic wave and passive infrared imaging's gas leakage detection device, includes the casing, optical detection subassembly and ultrasonic detection subassembly are installed at the front portion of casing, and the inside of casing is provided with well accuse module and data contrast module, and optical detection subassembly, ultrasonic detection subassembly and data contrast module are all connected with well accuse module.
The optical detection assembly comprises an infrared detector and a visible light imaging CCD, and the infrared detector and the visible light imaging CCD are both connected with the central control module.
The ultrasonic detection assembly adopts an ultrasonic detector, the ultrasonic detector is connected with an ultrasonic signal processing module, and the ultrasonic signal processing module is connected with the central control module.
The shell is provided with a display screen, a power supply is arranged in the shell, and the display screen and the power supply are connected with the central control module.
And the shell is also provided with a heat dissipation module which is connected with the central control module.
The detection method of the gas leakage detection device integrating ultrasonic waves and passive infrared imaging comprises the following steps of:
Step one: detecting gas leakage points in a monitored area by utilizing an optical detection assembly, acquiring point position imaging signals of the gas leakage points, transmitting the acquired point position imaging signals to a central control module, and outputting point position images by the central control module;
Step two: the central control module obtains an aperture estimated value a of the gas leakage point according to the point position image of the gas leakage point;
Step three: acquiring the internal and external pressure values of the gas leakage points and inputting the internal and external pressure values to the central control module;
Step four: the central control module calculates a gas leakage flow value A according to the aperture predicted value a of the gas leakage point and the internal and external pressure values;
Step five: inputting the gas leakage flow value A to a data comparison module, screening out a gas leakage flow comparison value B which is close to the gas leakage flow value A by the data comparison module, and feeding back an aperture comparison value B corresponding to the gas leakage flow comparison value B to a central control module by the data comparison module, wherein the central control module judges whether the phase difference between the aperture predicted value a and the aperture comparison value B exceeds a threshold range;
Step six: if the central control module judges that the phase difference between the obtained aperture predicted value a and the aperture contrast value b exceeds a threshold range, repeating the steps one to five until the aperture predicted value a with the smallest phase difference with the aperture contrast value b is obtained;
step seven: and D, the central control module blends the gas leakage flow value A corresponding to the aperture predicted value a obtained in the step six into the corresponding point position image to realize the gas leakage detection process.
The detection path of the optical detection assembly in the first step comprises a leakage gas detection path and a non-leakage gas detection path, wherein the infrared detector receives infrared light radiation of the leakage gas detection path and infrared light radiation of the non-leakage gas detection path in a detection wave band, and point position imaging signals are obtained through photoelectric conversion and transmitted to the central control module.
And acquiring gas leakage points outside the detection wave band of the infrared detector by utilizing the ultrasonic detection assembly, and then acquiring point location images of the gas leakage points through a visible light imaging CCD and transmitting the point location images to the central control module.
The method for calculating the gas leakage flow value A comprises the following steps:
Wherein: a is the gas leakage flow, S is the leakage aperture area, R g is the gas constant, T 1 is the temperature in the leakage container, P 2 is the ambient pressure, i.e. the pressure upstream of the leakage orifice, P 1 is the pressure downstream of the leakage orifice, P 0 is the atmospheric pressure, K is the isentropic number of the gas.
And the threshold range of the difference value between the aperture predicted value a and the aperture contrast value b is set to be 0-10%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
The passive infrared imaging system formed by the optical detection assembly can qualitatively obtain the gas leakage point in the monitored area so as to obtain the image information of the gas leakage point, and the aperture estimated value of the gas leakage point is obtained according to the image information; the ultrasonic detection assembly is used for acquiring the internal and external pressure values of the gas leakage points, and has the advantage of being capable of detecting a plurality of gas types; finally, calculating a gas leakage flow value according to the aperture predicted value and the internal and external pressure values of the gas leakage point; the invention combines ultrasonic wave and passive infrared imaging to obtain the gas leakage point position image containing leakage amount information, and can also complement the defect of limited gas measurement of the passive infrared imaging system.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an aperture predicted value a of a simulated calculated gas leakage point according to the present invention, wherein fig. 3 (x) is a reference image of the simulated calculated aperture predicted value a, and fig. 3 (y) is an enlarged image of the simulated calculated aperture predicted value a.
In the figure: 1 is an optical detection assembly, 2 is an ultrasonic detection assembly, 3 is a data comparison module, 4 is a central control module, 5 is an ultrasonic signal processing module, 6 is a power supply, 7 is a display screen, and 8 is a heat dissipation module.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 2, the invention provides a gas leakage detection device integrating ultrasonic and passive infrared imaging, which comprises a shell, wherein an optical detection assembly 1 and an ultrasonic detection assembly 2 are arranged at the front part of the shell, a central control module 4 and a data comparison module 3 are arranged in the shell, and the optical detection assembly 1, the ultrasonic detection assembly 2 and the data comparison module 3 are all connected with the central control module 4. Further, the optical detection assembly 1 is used as a gas detector, and comprises an infrared detector and a visible light imaging CCD, wherein the infrared detector is GCM04A, is a high-core technology product, has a wave band of 3.2-3.5um, and is a special gas detection focal plane array detector, and the material of the optical detection assembly is tellurium cadmium mercury. The infrared detector and the visible light imaging CCD are both connected with the central control module 4, the infrared detector is used for detecting whether gas leaks in a detection wave band and acquiring corresponding infrared images, and the visible light imaging CCD is used for acquiring gas images outside the detection wave band of the infrared detector. The ultrasonic detection assembly 2 adopts an ultrasonic detector with the model RU100, the ultrasonic detector is connected with an ultrasonic signal processing module 5, the ultrasonic signal processing module 5 is connected with a central control module 4, and the ultrasonic detector can be used for detecting gas leakage points outside the detection wave band of the infrared detector and can also be used for detecting internal and external pressure values of the gas leakage points.
The infrared detector, the visible light imaging CCD and the ultrasonic detector are used as signal acquisition units to acquire point location information of gas leakage, the acquired information is transmitted to the central control module 4 for processing, meanwhile, the central control module 4 sends processed signals to the data comparison module 3, and the data comparison module 3 stores the data such as aperture sizes, internal and external pressure sizes corresponding to the gas leakage points with different sizes, gas leakage flow obtained through calculation according to the aperture sizes and the internal and external pressures, and the like. The data comparison module 3 stores historical gas leakage flow values based on the aperture size of the leakage point and the internal and external pressure values, and is established by numerical values such as the aperture, the internal and external pressure, the leakage flow and the like, namely, is supported by historical actual data, and information such as the aperture, the leakage quantity and the like of the gas leakage in the past year is input before the detection device is used; meanwhile, the gas leakage flow in the data comparison module 3 can also be calculated by a model, namely according to a calculation formulaObtained by a method wherein: a is the gas leakage flow, S is the leakage aperture area, R g is the gas constant, T 1 is the temperature in the leakage container, P 2 is the ambient pressure, i.e. the pressure upstream of the leakage orifice, P 1 is the pressure downstream of the leakage orifice, P 0 is the atmospheric pressure, K is the isentropic number of the gas. The data stored in the data comparison module 3 is used as a comparison value for comparing with the data acquired during actual detection so as to improve the accuracy of the acquired data.
Further, a power supply 6 is further arranged in the shell, a display screen 7 is arranged at the front part or the upper part of the shell, the power supply 6 and the display screen 7 are both connected with the central control module 4, and the central control module 4 fuses the gas leakage amount information and the image information and uploads the gas leakage amount information and the image information to the display screen 7. The power supply 6 is used to power the whole detection device. The side or lower part of the shell is provided with a heat radiation module 8 which is connected with the central control module 4, and the heat generated in the shell can be discharged through the heat radiation module.
Embodiment 2 of the present invention further provides a detection method of the gas leakage detection device integrating ultrasonic and passive infrared imaging, which comprises the following steps:
Step one: the optical detection component 1 is used for detecting the gas leakage points in the monitored area and acquiring point location imaging signals of the gas leakage points. In this embodiment, a passive infrared imaging mode is used to detect whether a gas leakage point exists in the monitored area. The passive infrared gas imaging is to take natural environment as background, radiate infrared light in the natural environment, the detection path comprises a leakage gas detection path and a non-leakage gas detection path, the infrared detector of the optical detection assembly 1 receives infrared light radiation passing through leakage gas and infrared light radiation not passing through leakage gas in the detection wave band, and then transmits the obtained point position imaging signals to the central control module 4, and the point position imaging signals are processed by the central control module 4 and then output point position images. The imaging theory is based on layer radiation theory. As shown in fig. 1, the simplified layer radiation theory is that the area between the infrared detector and the background is divided into A, B, C layers from front to back, and the layer B takes the edge of the leaked gas as a boundary line; according to the radiation transmission equation, the radiation sizes of two paths, namely a leakage gas path and a gas leakage free path, can be calculated, and infrared light passing through the leakage gas in the path can be absorbed by part of the leakage gas, so that the infrared light radiation received by the infrared detector is reduced, the infrared light radiation size of the path which does not pass through the leakage gas is unchanged, the infrared detector receives the radiation with different sizes and transmits the radiation to the central control module 4, and finally, the point position image is output.
The method comprises the steps that the ultrasonic detection assembly 2 is utilized to detect the gas leakage points outside the detection wave band of the infrared detector, then the visible light imaging CCD is utilized to acquire the images of the vicinity of the gas leakage points and transmit the images to the central control module 4, and finally the fused visible light images containing the point position marks are output.
The central control module 4 judges whether gas leakage points exist in the monitored area according to the imaging result, and if no gas leakage occurs in the monitored area, the finally obtained gas images are the same, so that the fact that the gas leakage points do not exist in the monitored area is indicated; if it is determined that there is a gas leakage point in the monitoring area, the central control module 4 feeds back a signal to the ultrasonic detection assembly 2 and the display module 7.
Step two: the central control module 4 obtains an aperture estimated value a of the gas leakage point according to the point position image of the gas leakage point.
The specific method is shown in fig. 3, wherein fig. 3 (x) is a reference image of the analog calculated aperture predicted value a, and fig. 3 (y) is an enlarged image of the analog calculated aperture predicted value a. In fig. 3 (x), two oil tanks are included, wherein the left oil tank has a leakage point, and in actual measurement, the length, width and height or diameter of the oil tank can be obtained from manufacturers. The actual size of the tank can be taken from fig. 3 (x) and taken as a reference. The size of the leakage point can be estimated for the first time from the reference object size in FIG. 3 (x) by the existing monocular vision-based metrology method (reference website:// zhuanlan. Zhihu. Com/p/334363006). Because the volume of the oil storage tank is large, the leakage point is small, and the aperture size of the leakage point cannot be estimated accurately, the amplification function of the detection device can be used at this time, as shown in fig. 3 (y), the bottom of the oil storage tank is firstly marked in an image, the image is amplified by taking the bottom as a reference, if the oil storage tank is 10m in height and 5 times in amplification, the exposed oil storage tank in the amplified image is 2m, and the aperture size of the leakage point is estimated again by taking the bottom as a reference. And finally obtaining an aperture estimated value a of the gas leakage point by adopting the method.
Step three: the internal pressure of the gas leakage point (i.e. the internal pressure of the storage tank) can be directly obtained from manufacturers, and the external pressure is the atmospheric pressure and can be measured by a pressure gauge.
Step four: the central control module 4 calculates a gas leakage flow value A according to the aperture predicted value a of the gas leakage point and the internal and external pressure values.
Step five: the gas leakage flow value A is input to the data comparison module 3, the data comparison module 3 screens out a gas leakage flow contrast value B which is close to the gas leakage flow value A from the stored data, then the data comparison module 3 feeds back an aperture contrast value B corresponding to the gas leakage flow contrast value B to the central control module 4, the central control module 4 judges whether the phase difference between the aperture predicted value a and the aperture contrast value B exceeds a threshold range, in the embodiment, the condition that the phase difference between the aperture predicted value a and the aperture contrast value B does not exceed the threshold is met is set, and a user can adjust the threshold according to requirements, for example, the threshold range can be set to 0-10%.
Step six: if the central control module 4 judges that the phase difference between the obtained aperture predicted value a and the aperture contrast value b exceeds the threshold range, repeating the steps one to five, namely re-obtaining the point location image, and predicting the aperture value by using the new point location image. For example, in the first estimation, the reference object is a gas storage tank, which is 15 meters high, but the leakage point is only about 10 cm, and the estimation is very inaccurate. The central control module 4 can achieve the multiple amplification function, namely, one point is calibrated to be motionless, three times of amplification is carried out, the image is acquired again, a reference object gas storage tank in the image is displayed at 5 meters, but no side is arranged at 10 cm of a leakage point, and the estimation is more accurate. And repeating the first to fifth steps until the aperture predicted value a with the smallest difference from the aperture contrast value b is obtained.
Step seven: the central control module 4 blends the gas leakage flow value A corresponding to the aperture predicted value a obtained in the step six into the corresponding point position image, so that the infrared imaging contains the gas contour, the gas leakage aperture, the pressure information, the gas leakage quantity and the like, and the gas leakage detection process is realized.
The invention adopts a passive infrared imaging system to qualitatively obtain gas leakage points, the purpose of detecting a plurality of gas types can be realized by acoustic measurement, and finally, the gas leakage flow value is calculated according to the aperture estimated value and the internal and external pressure value of the gas leakage points; the invention combines ultrasonic wave and passive infrared imaging to obtain the gas leakage point position image containing leakage amount information, and can also complement the defect of limited gas measurement of the passive infrared imaging system.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A gas leakage detection device integrating ultrasonic waves and passive infrared imaging is characterized in that: the ultrasonic detection device comprises a shell, wherein an optical detection assembly (1) and an ultrasonic detection assembly (2) are arranged at the front part of the shell, a central control module (4) and a data comparison module (3) are arranged in the shell, and the optical detection assembly (1), the ultrasonic detection assembly (2) and the data comparison module (3) are all connected with the central control module (4);
The optical detection assembly (1) comprises an infrared detector and a visible light imaging CCD, and the infrared detector and the visible light imaging CCD are connected with the central control module (4);
Acquiring gas leakage points outside a detection wave band of an infrared detector by utilizing an ultrasonic detection assembly (2), and then acquiring point position images of the gas leakage points through a visible light imaging CCD (charge coupled device) and transmitting the point position images to a central control module (4);
The detection method comprises the following steps:
Step one: detecting gas leakage points in a monitored area by utilizing an optical detection assembly (1), acquiring point location imaging signals of the gas leakage points, transmitting the acquired point location imaging signals to a central control module (4), and outputting point location images by the central control module (4);
step two: the central control module (4) obtains an aperture estimated value a of the gas leakage point according to the point position image of the gas leakage point;
step three: acquiring the internal and external pressure values of the gas leakage points and inputting the internal and external pressure values to the central control module (4);
Step four: the central control module (4) calculates a gas leakage flow value A according to the aperture predicted value a of the gas leakage point and the internal and external pressure values;
step five: inputting the gas leakage flow value A into a data comparison module (3), screening out a gas leakage flow comparison value B which is close to the gas leakage flow value A by the data comparison module (3), and then feeding back an aperture comparison value B corresponding to the gas leakage flow comparison value B to a central control module (4), wherein the central control module (4) judges whether the phase difference between the aperture predicted value a and the aperture comparison value B exceeds a threshold range;
Step six: if the central control module (4) judges that the phase difference between the obtained aperture predicted value a and the aperture contrast value b exceeds a threshold range, repeating the steps one to five until the aperture predicted value a with the smallest phase difference with the aperture contrast value b is obtained;
Step seven: and D, the central control module (4) fuses the gas leakage flow value A corresponding to the aperture predicted value a obtained in the step six into the corresponding point position image to realize the gas leakage detection process.
2. The ultrasonic and passive infrared imaging fused gas leak detection apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the ultrasonic detection assembly (2) adopts an ultrasonic detector, the ultrasonic detector is connected with an ultrasonic signal processing module (5), and the ultrasonic signal processing module (5) is connected with the central control module (4).
3. The ultrasonic and passive infrared imaging fused gas leak detection apparatus of claim 2, wherein: the display screen (7) is arranged on the shell, the power supply (6) is arranged in the shell, and the display screen (7) and the power supply (6) are connected with the central control module (4).
4. A gas leak detection apparatus for fusion of ultrasound and passive infrared imaging according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein: and a heat dissipation module (8) is further arranged on the shell and is connected with the central control module (4).
5. The gas leakage detection device integrating ultrasonic waves and passive infrared imaging according to claim 1, wherein the detection path of the optical detection assembly (1) in the first step comprises a leakage gas detection path and a no-leakage gas detection path, wherein the infrared detector receives infrared light radiation of the leakage gas detection path and infrared light radiation of the no-leakage gas detection path in a detection wave band, and point position imaging signals are obtained through photoelectric conversion and transmitted to the central control module (4).
6. The gas leakage detection device integrating ultrasonic waves and passive infrared imaging according to claim 1, wherein the gas leakage flow value a is calculated by the following method:
；
Wherein: a is the gas leakage flow, S is the leakage aperture area, R g is the gas constant, T 1 is the temperature in the leakage container, P 2 is the ambient pressure, i.e. the pressure upstream of the leakage orifice, P 1 is the pressure downstream of the leakage orifice, P 0 is the atmospheric pressure, K is the isentropic number of the gas.
7. The gas leakage detection device for fusing ultrasonic and passive infrared imaging according to claim 1, wherein a threshold range of a difference between the aperture predicted value a and the aperture contrast value b is set to 0-10%.
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