CN114485959B - Human body temperature measuring method free from influence of ambient temperature - Google Patents
Human body temperature measuring method free from influence of ambient temperature Download PDFInfo
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- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J5/0022—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry for sensing the radiation of moving bodies
- G01J5/0025—Living bodies
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
- G01J2005/0092—Temperature by averaging, e.g. by scan
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Abstract
The application discloses a human body temperature measurement method which is not influenced by the ambient temperature, comprising the following steps: calculating expressions of blackbody temperatures at different ambient temperatures; selecting a plurality of measurement points for a human body measurement part, and respectively calculating expressions of the temperature of the measurement points under different environmental temperatures for each measurement point; according to the expression of the blackbody temperature and the expression of the temperature of the measuring points under different environmental temperatures, respectively calculating the emissivity corresponding to each measuring point; carrying out arithmetic average according to the emissivity corresponding to each measuring point to obtain the final emissivity; and calculating the temperature of the human body measurement part according to the final emissivity. The application effectively avoids the influence of the environmental temperature change on the emissivity of the human body, can obtain the accurate emissivity and temperature, greatly improves the accuracy of human body temperature measurement, and has simple method and convenient use.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of infrared temperature measurement, in particular to a human body temperature measurement method which is not influenced by ambient temperature.
Background
Fever is an important clinical manifestation of new coronavirus pneumonia, and rapid discovery of patients in mobile personnel is one of the important measures to prevent the spread of influenza epidemic. In the event of sudden public health events, the start of a heating screen is necessary to control the rapid spread of epidemic situations.
However, the accuracy of outdoor human infrared temperature measurement is difficult to achieve to a satisfactory extent, and the main reason is that the emissivity of the human body cannot be accurately measured in an outdoor environment. Because the human body is a complex organism, the emissivity of each part is different, the emissivity of the skin of the human body in the external environment is changed along with the continuous change of the ambient temperature, and the emissivity of each part of the human body has tiny differences, so that the temperature of the human body is required to be accurately obtained, the accurate measurement of the emissivity of the human body is very important, but at present, the emissivity of a certain part of the human body and a stable temperature value cannot be accurately measured in an external complex environment temperature field.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a human body temperature measuring method which is not affected by the environmental temperature, and can accurately measure the human body temperature under the condition of outdoor environmental temperature change, thereby effectively improving the outdoor human body temperature measuring precision.
The information disclosed in the background section of the application is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the application and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a human body temperature measuring method which is not influenced by the ambient temperature, based on the infrared radiation principle, the temperature of different positions on a human body measuring part and the temperature of a blackbody are measured under the changed ambient temperature by taking the blackbody as a reference, an emissivity calculation formula and a measuring method of the human body temperature surface are established, the influence of the ambient temperature change on the human body emissivity is effectively avoided, the accurate emissivity and temperature of the human body measuring part can be obtained, the accuracy of human body temperature measurement is greatly improved, and the method is simple and convenient to use.
The embodiment of the disclosure provides a human body temperature measurement method not influenced by environmental temperature, comprising the following steps:
calculating expressions of blackbody temperatures at different ambient temperatures;
selecting a plurality of measurement points for a human body measurement part, and respectively calculating expressions of the temperature of the measurement points under different environmental temperatures for each measurement point;
calculating the emissivity corresponding to each measuring point according to the expression of the blackbody temperature and the expression of the measuring point temperature under different environment temperatures;
carrying out arithmetic average according to the emissivity corresponding to each measuring point to obtain final emissivity;
and calculating the temperature of the human body measurement part according to the final emissivity.
Preferably, calculating the expression of the blackbody temperature at different ambient temperatures includes:
determining expressions of blackbody radiation energy at different ambient temperatures;
according to the Bowman's formula, the expression of the blackbody temperature at different ambient temperatures is calculated.
Preferably, the expression of blackbody radiation energy at different ambient temperatures is:
wherein W is b Epsilon, the blackbody radiation energy b Emissivity of black body, W t1 At ambient temperature U for infrared detector 1 All radiant energy W received t2 At ambient temperature U for infrared detector 2 All radiant energy W received U1 Is the ambient temperature U 1 Energy of environmental radiation, W U2 Is the ambient temperature U 2 The environment below radiates energy.
Preferably, the expression of blackbody temperature at different ambient temperatures is:
wherein T is b At black body temperature, T t1 At ambient temperature U 1 Measuring temperature T t2 Is in the ringAmbient temperature U 2 Measuring temperature T U1 Is the ambient temperature U 1 Ambient temperature at T U2 Is the ambient temperature U 2 Ambient temperature at ambient temperature, n is the wavelength dependent infrared coefficient.
Preferably, calculating the expression of the temperature of the measuring point at different ambient temperatures comprises:
determining an expression of radiant energy of the measuring point at different ambient temperatures;
according to the Bowman's formula, an expression of the temperature of the measuring point at different ambient temperatures is calculated.
Preferably, the expression of the radiant energy of the measuring point at different ambient temperatures is:
wherein W is o For measuring radiant energy, epsilon, of a site of the human body o(i) Emissivity of the ith measurement point, W t(i)3 At ambient temperature U for infrared detector 1 All radiation energy received at the ith measurement point, W t(i)4 At ambient temperature U for infrared detector 2 All radiation energy received at the ith measurement point, W U1 Is the ambient temperature U 1 Energy of environmental radiation, W U2 Is the ambient temperature U 2 The environment below radiates energy.
Preferably, the expression for measuring the temperature of the spot at different ambient temperatures is:
wherein T is o For measuring the temperature of the part epsilon of the human body o(i) For the emissivity of the ith measurement point, T t(i)3 At ambient temperature U 1 The measured temperature at the ith measurement point, T t(i)4 At ambient temperature U 2 The measured temperature at the ith measurement point, T U1 Is the ambient temperature U 1 Ambient temperature at T U2 Is environmentTemperature U 2 Ambient temperature at ambient temperature, n is the wavelength dependent infrared coefficient.
Preferably, the emissivity corresponding to the i-th measurement point is calculated by equation (5):
preferably, calculating the temperature of the anthropometric region from the final emissivity comprises:
for the changed environment temperature U 2 Carrying out arithmetic average on the temperature of each measuring point to obtain a temperature average value;
and calculating the temperature of the human body measurement part according to the temperature average value and the final emissivity.
Preferably, the temperature of the anthropometric site is calculated by equation (6):
wherein T is o For measuring the temperature of the part of the human body, epsilon is the final emissivity, T t(i)4 At ambient temperature U 2 The measured temperature at the ith measurement point, T U2 Is the ambient temperature U 2 Ambient temperature below, N is the total number of measurement points.
The beneficial effects are that: the application takes the infrared radiation principle as the basis, measures the temperature of different positions on the measured part of the human body and the temperature of the black body under the changing ambient temperature by taking the black body as a reference, establishes an emissivity calculation formula and a measuring method of the surface of the human body, can effectively avoid the influence of the ambient temperature change on the measurement of the emissivity of the surface of the human body, can effectively improve the measurement accuracy of the temperature of the surface of the skin by adopting the measurement of the temperature of multiple points compared with the traditional measurement (single-point measurement mode), has simple and convenient implementation, can effectively, accurately and quantitatively avoid the measurement error of the contrast of the ambient temperature caused by the ambient temperature and the measurement distance, and finally obtains the real temperature of the measured object.
The method of the present application has other features and advantages which will be apparent from or are set forth in detail in the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description, which are incorporated herein, and which together serve to explain certain principles of the application.
Drawings
The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of the application will be apparent from the following more particular descriptions of exemplary embodiments of the application as illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein like reference numbers generally represent like parts throughout the exemplary embodiments of the application.
FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of selecting a plurality of measurement points according to one embodiment of the application.
Fig. 2 shows a flow chart of the steps of a method for measuring a temperature of a human body independent of an ambient temperature according to an embodiment of the application.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of selecting 5 measurement points on the forehead according to one embodiment of the application.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below. While the preferred embodiments of the present application are described below, it should be understood that the present application may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein.
The application provides a human body temperature measuring method which is not influenced by the ambient temperature, comprising the following steps:
calculating expressions of blackbody temperatures at different ambient temperatures;
selecting a plurality of measurement points for a human body measurement part, and respectively calculating expressions of the temperature of the measurement points under different environmental temperatures for each measurement point;
according to the expression of the blackbody temperature and the expression of the temperature of the measuring points under different environmental temperatures, respectively calculating the emissivity corresponding to each measuring point;
carrying out arithmetic average according to the emissivity corresponding to each measuring point to obtain the final emissivity;
and calculating the temperature of the human body measurement part according to the final emissivity.
In one example, calculating the expression for blackbody temperatures at different ambient temperatures includes:
determining expressions of blackbody radiation energy at different ambient temperatures;
according to the Bowman's formula, the expression of the blackbody temperature at different ambient temperatures is calculated.
In one example, the blackbody radiation energy at different ambient temperatures is expressed as:
wherein W is b Epsilon, the blackbody radiation energy b Emissivity of black body, W t1 At ambient temperature U for infrared detector 1 All radiant energy W received t2 At ambient temperature U for infrared detector 2 All radiant energy W received U1 Is the ambient temperature U 1 Energy of environmental radiation, W U2 Is the ambient temperature U 2 The environment below radiates energy.
In one example, the expression for blackbody temperature at different ambient temperatures is:
wherein T is b At black body temperature, T t1 At ambient temperature U 1 Measuring temperature T t2 At ambient temperature U 2 Measuring temperature T U1 Is the ambient temperature U 1 Ambient temperature at T U2 Is the ambient temperature U 2 Ambient temperature at ambient temperature, n is the wavelength dependent infrared coefficient.
In one example, calculating an expression for measuring point temperatures at different ambient temperatures includes:
determining an expression of radiant energy of the measuring point at different ambient temperatures;
according to the Bowman's formula, an expression of the temperature of the measuring point at different ambient temperatures is calculated.
In one example, the expression for measuring the point radiant energy at different ambient temperatures is:
wherein W is o For measuring radiant energy, epsilon, of a site of the human body o(i) Emissivity of the ith measurement point, W t(i)3 At ambient temperature U for infrared detector 1 All radiation energy received at the ith measurement point, W t(i)4 At ambient temperature U for infrared detector 2 All radiation energy received at the ith measurement point, W U1 Is the ambient temperature U 1 Energy of environmental radiation, W U2 Is the ambient temperature U 2 The environment below radiates energy.
In one example, the expression for measuring the point temperature at different ambient temperatures is:
wherein T is o For measuring the temperature of the part epsilon of the human body o(i) For the emissivity of the ith measurement point, T t(i)3 At ambient temperature U 1 The measured temperature at the ith measurement point, T t(i)4 At ambient temperature U 2 The measured temperature at the ith measurement point, T U1 Is the ambient temperature U 1 Ambient temperature at T U2 Is the ambient temperature U 2 Ambient temperature at ambient temperature, n is the wavelength dependent infrared coefficient.
In one example, the emissivity corresponding to the i-th measurement point is calculated by equation (5):
in one example, calculating the temperature of the anthropometric site from the final emissivity includes:
for the changed environment temperature U 2 Carrying out arithmetic average on the temperature of each measuring point to obtain a temperature average value;
and calculating the temperature of the human body measurement part according to the temperature average value and the final emissivity.
In one example, the temperature of the anthropometric site is calculated by equation (6):
wherein T is o For measuring the temperature of the part of the human body, epsilon is the final emissivity, T t(i)4 At ambient temperature U 2 The measured temperature at the ith measurement point, T U2 Is the ambient temperature U 2 Ambient temperature below, N is the total number of measurement points.
Specifically, according to the infrared radiation principle, the radiation energy received by the infrared detector includes target radiation energy, environment reflection energy and atmospheric radiation energy, and the radiation energy received by the infrared detector can be expressed as follows:
W t ＝ετW o +(1-ε)τW U +(1-τ)W a (7)
wherein W is t To the total radiant energy of the detector, W o For self-irradiation of target, W U Representing ambient reflection, W a Represents the energy of atmospheric radiation, epsilon is the emissivity of the measured object, and tau is the atmospheric transmissivity. When the measurement distance is not large, the atmospheric transmittance is approximately 1, and the formula (7) can be expressed as follows:
W t ＝ε(W o -W U )+W U (8)。
as can be seen from the formula (8), the emissivity of the measured object is affected by the ambient temperature, that is, when the ambient temperature changes, the emissivity of the measured object is severely affected, thereby affecting the accuracy of measurement.
According to the application, a human body temperature measuring method which is not influenced by the ambient temperature comprises the following steps:
using a blackbody as a reference, the anthropometric site and the reference object are placed in the same environment. Regulating ambient temperature from U 1 Becomes U-shaped 2 When the measurement target is a reference blackbody, the expression of blackbody radiation energy at different ambient temperatures is determined as formula (1) according to formula (8) in two different environments, according to the bolman formula w=σt n The expression for calculating the blackbody temperature at different ambient temperatures is equation (2).
FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of selecting a plurality of measurement points according to one embodiment of the application.
In order to make the measurement accurate, a plurality of measurement points are selected for one part of the human body measurement site, as shown in fig. 1. For each measurement point, at ambient temperature from U 1 Change to U 2 In the process, determining an expression of radiant energy of a measuring point at different environmental temperatures as a formula (3); and then, according to the Bowman's formula, the expression of each measured point temperature at different ambient temperatures is calculated as formula (4) respectively.
Calculating the emissivity corresponding to each measuring point through a formula (5) according to the expression of the blackbody temperature and the expression of the measuring point temperature under different environment temperatures; the method comprises the following steps: subtracting the two formulas in the formula (2) to obtain:
subtracting the two formulas in the formula (4) to obtain:
dividing equation (9) by equation (10) yields:
and (5) finishing two sides of the formula (11) to obtain the formula (5).
In order to ensure the accuracy of the emissivity of the human body measurement part, the emissivity of different position points is fully considered, and arithmetic average is carried out according to the emissivity corresponding to each measurement point to obtain the final emissivity
In order to further reduce the influence of the ambient temperature on the infrared temperature measurement accuracy, the temperature of the changed ambient temperature U is adjusted 2 Carrying out arithmetic average on the temperature of each measuring point to obtain a temperature average value; and (3) calculating the temperature of the human body measurement part according to the temperature average value and the final emissivity through a formula (6).
Example 1
In order to facilitate understanding of the solution and the effects of the embodiments of the present application, a specific application example is given below. It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the examples are for ease of understanding only and that any particular details thereof are not intended to limit the present application in any way.
Fig. 2 shows a flow chart of the steps of a method for measuring a temperature of a human body independent of an ambient temperature according to an embodiment of the application.
As shown in fig. 2, the human body temperature measuring method not affected by the ambient temperature includes: step 101, calculating expressions of blackbody temperatures at different environmental temperatures; 102, selecting a plurality of measurement points for a human body measurement part, and respectively calculating expressions of the temperature of the measurement points under different environmental temperatures for each measurement point; step 103, respectively calculating the emissivity corresponding to each measuring point according to the blackbody temperature expression and the measuring point temperature expression under different environmental temperatures; 104, carrying out arithmetic average according to the emissivity corresponding to each measuring point to obtain the final emissivity; step 105, calculating the temperature of the human body measurement part according to the final emissivity.
A black body is used as a reference, and the skin surface of the forehead of the human body is used as a human body measurement part. Ambient temperature from U 1 Is changed to 15 DEG CTo U 2 When the ambient temperature is 15 ℃, the blackbody temperature is set to 30 ℃, the emissivity is 0.998, the temperature of the blackbody is measured at 15 ℃ by using an infrared measuring instrument at 29.9 ℃, and the temperature is measured at 30.1 ℃ by using a thermal infrared imager at 30 ℃. The wavelength range of the thermal infrared imager is 8-12 mu m, and n is 3.9889. From equation (2), equation (12) can be derived:
fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of selecting 5 measurement points on the forehead according to one embodiment of the application.
For simplicity of calculation, when the human body measurement part is the forehead of the human body, n=5 measurement points are selected, as shown in fig. 3. In the process of changing the ambient temperature from 15 ℃ to 30 ℃, when the ambient temperature is 15 ℃, using a thermal infrared imager to measure the temperature of 5 measuring points of the forehead of the human body, which are respectively T t13 ：36.2℃， T t23 ：36.1℃，T t33 ：36.4℃，T t43 ：36.3℃，T t53 :36.2 ℃. When the ambient temperature changes to 30 ℃, using a thermal infrared imager to measure the temperature of 5 measuring points of the forehead of the human body, which are respectively T t14 ： 36.3℃，T t24 ：36.2℃，T t34 ：36.5℃，T t44 ：36.3℃，T t54 :36.3℃and the above values are brought into equation (5) according to equation (12), equation (13) can be obtained:
at this time, the final emissivity of the forehead of the human body is:
ε＝(ε 01 +ε 02 +ε 03 +ε 04 +ε 05 )/5 (14)
the measurement temperature of the forehead of the human body is:
it will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the above description of embodiments of the application has been given for the purpose of illustrating the benefits of embodiments of the application only and is not intended to limit embodiments of the application to any examples given.
The foregoing description of embodiments of the application has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and is not intended to be exhaustive or limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the various embodiments described.
Claims (3)
1. A human body temperature measurement method independent of ambient temperature, comprising:
calculating expressions of blackbody temperatures at different ambient temperatures;
selecting a plurality of measurement points for a human body measurement part, and respectively calculating expressions of the temperature of the measurement points under different environmental temperatures for each measurement point;
calculating the emissivity corresponding to each measuring point according to the expression of the blackbody temperature and the expression of the measuring point temperature under different environment temperatures;
carrying out arithmetic average according to the emissivity corresponding to each measuring point to obtain final emissivity;
calculating the temperature of the human body measurement part according to the final emissivity;
the expression of the blackbody temperature at different environment temperatures is as follows:
wherein T is b At black body temperature, T t1 At ambient temperature U 1 Measuring temperature T t2 At ambient temperature U 2 Measuring temperature T U1 Is the ambient temperature U 1 Ambient temperature at T U2 Is the ambient temperature U 2 At ambient temperature, n is the wavelength dependent infrared coefficient, ε b Emissivity of a black body;
wherein, the expression of measuring the point temperature under different ambient temperatures is:
wherein T is o For measuring the temperature of the part epsilon of the human body o(i) For the emissivity of the ith measurement point, T t(i)3 At ambient temperature U 1 The measured temperature at the ith measurement point, T t(i)4 At ambient temperature U 2 The measured temperature at the ith measurement point, T U1 Is the ambient temperature U 1 Ambient temperature at T U2 Is the ambient temperature U 2 The ambient temperature at the temperature, n, is the wavelength dependent infrared coefficient;
the emissivity corresponding to the ith measurement point is calculated through a formula (5):
2. the ambient temperature independent anthropometric temperature measurement method of claim 1, wherein calculating the temperature of the anthropometric site from the final emissivity comprises:
for the changed environment temperature U 2 Carrying out arithmetic average on the temperature of each measuring point to obtain a temperature average value;
and calculating the temperature of the human body measurement part according to the temperature average value and the final emissivity.
3. The ambient temperature-independent human body temperature measurement method according to claim 2, wherein the temperature of the human body measurement site is calculated by formula (6):
wherein T is o For measuring the temperature of the part of the human body, epsilon is the final emissivity, T t(i)4 At ambient temperature U 2 The measured temperature at the ith measurement point, T U2 Is the ambient temperature U 2 Ambient temperature below, N is the total number of measurement points.
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