CN114485959A - Human body temperature measuring method free from influence of environmental temperature - Google Patents
Human body temperature measuring method free from influence of environmental temperature Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses a human body temperature measuring method free from influence of environmental temperature, which comprises the following steps: calculating expressions of black body temperatures under different environmental temperatures; selecting a plurality of measuring points aiming at the measuring part of the human body, and respectively calculating the temperature expressions of the measuring points under different environmental temperatures aiming at each measuring point; respectively calculating the emissivity corresponding to each measuring point according to the expression of the black body temperature under different environmental temperatures and the expression of the temperature of the measuring point; carrying out arithmetic mean according to the emissivity corresponding to each measuring point to obtain the final emissivity; and calculating the temperature of the human body measuring part according to the final emissivity. The invention effectively avoids the influence of the environmental temperature change on the human body emissivity, can obtain accurate emissivity and temperature, greatly improves the accuracy of human body temperature measurement, and has simple method and convenient use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of infrared temperature measurement, in particular to a human body temperature measurement method which is not influenced by environment temperature.
Background
Fever is an important clinical manifestation of novel coronavirus pneumonia, and rapid discovery of patients in mobile personnel is one of important measures for preventing spread of influenza epidemic. When a public health incident happens suddenly, the heating screen is started to be necessary for controlling the rapid spread of epidemic situations.
However, the accuracy of the outdoor human body infrared temperature measurement is difficult to achieve a satisfactory degree, and the main reason is that the emissivity of the human body cannot be accurately measured in an outdoor environment. The human body is a complex organism, the emissivity of each part is different, the emissivity of the skin of the human body in an external environment changes along with the change of the environmental temperature, and the emissivity of each part of the human body has a slight difference, so that the accurate measurement of the emissivity of the human body is very important to obtain the temperature of the human body accurately, but at present, the emissivity of a certain part of the human body and a stable temperature value cannot be measured accurately in an external complex environmental temperature field.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a human body temperature measuring method which is not affected by the ambient temperature, can accurately measure the human body temperature under the condition of outdoor ambient temperature change, and effectively improves the outdoor human body temperature measuring precision.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a human body temperature measuring method free from influence of environmental temperature, which is based on an infrared radiation principle, measures the temperature of different positions on a human body measuring part and the temperature of a black body under the changing environmental temperature by taking the black body as a reference, establishes an emissivity calculation formula and a human body temperature surface measuring method, effectively avoids the influence of the environmental temperature change on the human body emissivity, can obtain the accurate emissivity and temperature of the human body measuring part, greatly improves the accuracy of human body temperature measurement, and is simple and convenient to use.
The embodiment of the disclosure provides a human body temperature measuring method free from the influence of environmental temperature, which comprises the following steps:
calculating expressions of black body temperatures under different environmental temperatures;
selecting a plurality of measuring points aiming at the measuring part of the human body, and respectively calculating the temperature expressions of the measuring points under different environmental temperatures aiming at each measuring point;
respectively calculating the emissivity corresponding to each measuring point according to the expression of the black body temperature under different environmental temperatures and the expression of the temperature of the measuring point;
carrying out arithmetic mean according to the emissivity corresponding to each measuring point to obtain the final emissivity;
and calculating the temperature of the human body measuring part according to the final emissivity.
Preferably, the expression for calculating the black body temperature at different ambient temperatures includes:
determining an expression of blackbody radiation energy at different ambient temperatures;
and calculating the expression of the black body temperature under different environmental temperatures according to the Bolmatz formula.
Preferably, the expression of the blackbody radiation energy at different ambient temperatures is:
wherein, WbIs black body radiation energy, epsilonbEmissivity of black body, Wt1For infrared detectors at ambient temperature U1Total radiant energy received, Wt2For infrared detectors at ambient temperature U2Total radiant energy received, WU1Is ambient temperature U1Ambient radiation energy of WU2Is ambient temperature U2The environment below radiates energy.
Preferably, the expression for the black body temperature at different ambient temperatures is:
wherein, TbIs black body temperature, Tt1To be at ambient temperature U1Measured temperature oft2To be at ambient temperature U2Measured temperature ofU1Is ambient temperature U1Ambient temperature of (D) TU2Is ambient temperature U2And n is the infrared coefficient related to the wavelength.
Preferably, the expression for calculating the temperatures of the measurement points at different ambient temperatures comprises:
determining an expression of the radiation energy of the measuring point at different environmental temperatures;
and calculating the expression of the temperature of the measuring point under different environmental temperatures according to the Bolmatz formula.
Preferably, the expression of the radiant energy at the measuring points at different ambient temperatures is as follows:
wherein, WoFor measuring the radiation energy of the body part, epsilono(i)Emissivity of the ith measurement point, Wt(i)3For infrared detectors at ambient temperature U1Total radiation energy, W, received at the ith measurement pointt(i)4For infrared detectors at ambient temperature U2Total radiation energy, W, received at the ith measurement pointU1Is ambient temperature U1Ambient radiation energy of WU2Is ambient temperature U2The environment below radiates energy.
Preferably, the expression for the temperature at the measurement point at different ambient temperatures is:
wherein, ToMeasuring the temperature, epsilon, of a body parto(i)Emissivity of the ith measurement point, Tt(i)3To be at ambient temperature U1Measured temperature at the i-th measuring point, Tt(i)4To be at ambient temperatureU2Measured temperature at the i-th measuring point, TU1Is ambient temperature U1Ambient temperature of (D) TU2Is ambient temperature U2And n is the infrared coefficient related to the wavelength.
Preferably, the emissivity corresponding to the ith measuring point is calculated by formula (5):
preferably, calculating the temperature of the anthropometric site according to the final emissivity comprises:
for changed ambient temperature U2Carrying out arithmetic averaging on the temperature of each measuring point to obtain a temperature mean value;
and calculating the temperature of the human body measuring part according to the temperature mean value and the final emissivity.
Preferably, the temperature of the human body measurement site is calculated by equation (6):
wherein, ToMeasuring the temperature of the body part, epsilon being the final emissivity, Tt(i)4To be at ambient temperature U2Measured temperature at the i-th measuring point, TU2Is ambient temperature U2And N is the total number of measurement points.
The beneficial effects are that: the invention takes the infrared radiation principle as the basis, measures the temperature of different positions on the human body measuring part and the temperature of the black body under the changing environment temperature by taking the black body as the reference, establishes an emissivity calculation formula and a measuring method of the human body temperature surface, can effectively avoid the influence of the environment temperature change on the measurement of the surface emissivity of the human body, can effectively improve the measurement accuracy of the skin surface temperature by adopting the measurement of the temperature of the multiple positions compared with the traditional measurement (single-point measurement mode), has simple and convenient implementation of the measuring method, can effectively, accurately and quantitatively avoid the measurement error of the environment temperature contrast caused by the environment temperature and the measuring distance, and finally obtains the real temperature of the measured object.
The method of the present invention has other features and advantages which will be apparent from or are set forth in detail in the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description, which are incorporated herein, and which together serve to explain certain principles of the invention.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in more detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings, in which like reference numerals generally represent like parts.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of selecting a plurality of measurement points according to one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 shows a flow chart of the steps of a method of human body temperature measurement unaffected by ambient temperature, according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the selection of 5 measurement points on the forehead according to one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. While the following describes preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein.
The invention provides a human body temperature measuring method without being influenced by environmental temperature, which comprises the following steps:
calculating expressions of black body temperatures under different environmental temperatures;
selecting a plurality of measuring points aiming at the measuring part of the human body, and respectively calculating the temperature expressions of the measuring points under different environmental temperatures aiming at each measuring point;
respectively calculating the emissivity corresponding to each measuring point according to the expression of the black body temperature under different environmental temperatures and the expression of the temperature of the measuring point;
carrying out arithmetic mean according to the emissivity corresponding to each measuring point to obtain the final emissivity;
and calculating the temperature of the human body measuring part according to the final emissivity.
In one example, the expression for calculating blackbody temperatures at different ambient temperatures includes:
determining an expression of blackbody radiation energy at different ambient temperatures;
and calculating the expression of the black body temperature under different environmental temperatures according to the Bolmatz formula.
In one example, the expression for blackbody radiation energy at different ambient temperatures is:
wherein, WbIs black body radiation energy, epsilonbEmissivity of black body, Wt1For infrared detectors at ambient temperature U1Total radiant energy received, Wt2For infrared detectors at ambient temperature U2Total radiant energy received, WU1Is ambient temperature U1Ambient radiation energy of WU2Is ambient temperature U2The environment below radiates energy.
In one example, the expression for black body temperature at different ambient temperatures is:
wherein, TbIs black body temperature, Tt1To be at ambient temperature U1Measured temperature oft2To be at ambient temperature U2Measured temperature ofU1Is ambient temperature U1Ambient temperature of (D) TU2Is ambient temperature U2The temperature of the environment under the ambient temperature,n is the wavelength dependent infrared coefficient.
In one example, calculating the expression for the measurement point temperature at different ambient temperatures includes:
determining an expression of the radiation energy of the measuring point at different environmental temperatures;
and calculating the expression of the temperature of the measuring point under different environmental temperatures according to the Bolmatz formula.
In one example, the expression for the radiant energy at the measurement points at different ambient temperatures is:
wherein, WoFor measuring the radiation energy of the body part, epsilono(i)Emissivity of the ith measurement point, Wt(i)3For infrared detectors at ambient temperature U1Total radiation energy, W, received at the ith measurement pointt(i)4For infrared detectors at ambient temperature U2Total radiation energy, W, received at the ith measurement pointU1Is ambient temperature U1Ambient radiation energy of WU2Is ambient temperature U2The environment below radiates energy.
In one example, the expression for the measurement point temperature at different ambient temperatures is:
wherein, ToMeasuring the temperature, epsilon, of a body parto(i)Emissivity of the ith measurement point, Tt(i)3To be at ambient temperature U1Measured temperature at the i-th measuring point, Tt(i)4To be at ambient temperature U2Measured temperature at the i-th measuring point, TU1Is ambient temperature U1Ambient temperature of (D) TU2Is ambient temperature U2And n is the infrared coefficient related to the wavelength.
In one example, the emissivity corresponding to the ith measurement point is calculated by equation (5):
in one example, calculating the temperature of the body measurement site from the final emissivity comprises:
for changed ambient temperature U2Carrying out arithmetic averaging on the temperature of each measuring point to obtain a temperature mean value;
and calculating the temperature of the human body measurement part according to the temperature mean value and the final emissivity.
In one example, the temperature of the body measurement site is calculated by equation (6):
wherein, ToMeasuring the temperature of the body part, epsilon being the final emissivity, Tt(i)4To be at ambient temperature U2Measured temperature at the i-th measuring point, TU2Is ambient temperature U2And N is the total number of measurement points.
Specifically, according to the infrared radiation principle, the radiation energy received by the infrared detector includes target radiation energy, environment reflection energy and atmospheric radiation energy, and the radiation energy received by the infrared detector can be expressed as follows:
Wt＝ετWo+(1-ε)τWU+(1-τ)Wa (7)
wherein, WtIs the total radiation energy of the detector, WoFor self-irradiation of the target, WURepresenting the ambient reflection, WaRepresenting atmospheric radiation energy, epsilon is the emissivity of the object being measured and tau is the atmospheric transmittance. When the measurement distance is not so large, the atmospheric transmittance is approximately 1, and formula (7) can be expressed as follows:
Wt＝ε(Wo-WU)+WU (8)。
it can be seen from formula (8) that the emissivity of the measured object can be affected by the ambient temperature, that is, when the ambient temperature changes, the emissivity of the measured object can be seriously affected, thereby affecting the accuracy of measurement.
According to the invention, the human body temperature measuring method which is not influenced by the environmental temperature comprises the following steps:
the body measurement site and the reference object are placed in the same environment using a black body as a reference. Regulating ambient temperature from U1Is changed into U2When the measurement target is the reference black body, according to the formula (8), in two different environments, the expression of the black body radiation energy at different environmental temperatures is determined as the formula (1), and according to the Bolmatz formula W ═ σ TnAnd calculating the black body temperature under different environmental temperatures as formula (2).
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of selecting a plurality of measurement points according to one embodiment of the invention.
In order to make the measurement accurate, a plurality of measurement points are selected for one of the measurement portions of the human body, as shown in fig. 1. For each measurement point, from U at ambient temperature1Change to U2In the process, determining an expression of the radiant energy of the measuring point at different environmental temperatures as a formula (3); and respectively calculating the temperature expression of each measuring point under different environmental temperatures according to the Bolmatz formula to be formula (4).
Calculating the emissivity corresponding to each measuring point respectively through a formula (5) according to the expressions of the blackbody temperatures and the measuring point temperatures under different environmental temperatures; the method specifically comprises the following steps: subtracting two formulas in formula (2) to obtain:
subtracting two formulas in formula (4) to obtain:
dividing equation (9) by equation (10) yields:
and (5) obtaining the formula (5) by arranging two sides of the formula (11).
In order to ensure the accuracy of the emissivity of the measured part of the human body, the emissivity of different position points is fully considered, arithmetic average is carried out according to the emissivity corresponding to each measuring point, and the final emissivity is obtained
Aiming at the changed ambient temperature U, in order to further reduce the influence of the ambient temperature on the infrared temperature measurement accuracy2Carrying out arithmetic averaging on the temperature of each measuring point to obtain a temperature mean value; and (4) calculating the temperature of the human body measuring part according to the temperature mean value and the final emissivity by using a formula (6).
Example 1
To facilitate understanding of the solution of the embodiments of the present invention and the effects thereof, a specific application example is given below. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that this example is merely for the purpose of facilitating an understanding of the present invention and that any specific details thereof are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
Fig. 2 shows a flow chart of the steps of a method of human body temperature measurement unaffected by ambient temperature, according to an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 2, the method for measuring the body temperature of a person without being affected by the ambient temperature includes: step 101, calculating an expression of blackbody temperature under different environmental temperatures; 102, selecting a plurality of measuring points aiming at a human body measuring part, and respectively calculating an expression of the temperature of the measuring points under different environmental temperatures aiming at each measuring point; 103, respectively calculating emissivity corresponding to each measuring point according to the expressions of the blackbody temperatures and the expressions of the temperatures of the measuring points under different environmental temperatures; 104, performing arithmetic mean according to the emissivity corresponding to each measuring point to obtain a final emissivity; and 105, calculating the temperature of the human body measuring part according to the final emissivity.
A black body was used as a reference and the skin surface of the forehead of the human body was used as a measurement site of the human body. Ambient temperature from U1At 15 ℃ to U230 ℃, when the ambient temperature is 15 ℃, the temperature of the black body is set to be 30 ℃, the emissivity is 0.998, the temperature of the black body is measured to be 29.9 ℃ when the ambient temperature is 15 ℃ by using an infrared measuring instrument, and the temperature is measured to be 30.1 ℃ when the ambient temperature is 30 ℃ by using a thermal infrared imager. The wavelength range of the thermal infrared imager is 8-12 mu m, and n is 3.9889. From equation (2), equation (12) can be derived:
fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the selection of 5 measurement points on the forehead according to one embodiment of the present invention.
For simple calculation, when the human body measurement part is the forehead of the human body, N is 5 measurement points, as shown in fig. 3. In the process of changing the environmental temperature from 15 ℃ to 30 ℃, when the environmental temperature is 15 ℃, measuring the temperatures of 5 measuring points of the forehead of the human body by using a thermal infrared imager, wherein the temperatures are respectively Tt13：36.2℃， Tt23：36.1℃，Tt33：36.4℃，Tt43：36.3℃，Tt53: 36.2 ℃. When the environmental temperature changes to 30 ℃, the thermal infrared imager is used for measuring the temperatures of 5 measuring points of the forehead of the human body, wherein the temperatures are respectively Tt14： 36.3℃，Tt24：36.2℃，Tt34：36.5℃，Tt44：36.3℃，Tt54: at 36.3 ℃, formula (13) can be obtained by substituting formula (12) and the above values into formula (5):
at this time, the final emissivity of the forehead of the human body is as follows:
ε＝(ε01+ε02+ε03+ε04+ε05)/5 (14)
the measured temperature of the forehead of the human body is as follows:
it will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the above description of embodiments of the invention is intended only to illustrate the benefits of embodiments of the invention and is not intended to limit embodiments of the invention to any examples given.
Having described embodiments of the present invention, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.
Claims (10)
1. A human body temperature measuring method not affected by an environmental temperature, comprising:
calculating expressions of black body temperatures under different environmental temperatures;
selecting a plurality of measuring points aiming at the measuring part of the human body, and respectively calculating the temperature expressions of the measuring points under different environmental temperatures aiming at each measuring point;
respectively calculating the emissivity corresponding to each measuring point according to the expression of the black body temperature under different environmental temperatures and the expression of the temperature of the measuring point;
carrying out arithmetic mean according to the emissivity corresponding to each measuring point to obtain the final emissivity;
and calculating the temperature of the human body measuring part according to the final emissivity.
2. The method for measuring human body temperature unaffected by ambient temperature according to claim 1, wherein the expression for calculating blackbody temperature at different ambient temperatures includes:
determining an expression of blackbody radiation energy at different ambient temperatures;
and calculating the expression of the black body temperature under different environmental temperatures according to the Bolmatz formula.
3. A method of measuring human body temperature independent of ambient temperature as claimed in claim 2 wherein the expression of blackbody radiation energy at different ambient temperatures is:
wherein, WbIs black body radiation energy, epsilonbEmissivity of black body, Wt1For infrared detectors at ambient temperature U1Total radiant energy received, Wt2For infrared detectors at ambient temperature U2Total radiant energy received, WU1Is ambient temperature U1Ambient radiation energy of WU2Is ambient temperature U2The environment below radiates energy.
4. A human body temperature measurement method unaffected by ambient temperature, according to claim 1, wherein the expression of blackbody temperature at different ambient temperatures is:
wherein, TbIs black body temperature, Tt1To be at ambient temperature U1Measured temperature of lower, Tt2To be at ambient temperature U2Measured temperature ofU1Is ambient temperature U1Ambient temperature of (D) TU2Is ambient temperature U2And n is the infrared coefficient related to the wavelength.
5. The human body temperature measurement method not affected by the environmental temperature according to claim 1, wherein the expression for calculating the temperatures of the measurement points at different environmental temperatures includes:
determining an expression of the radiation energy of the measuring point at different environmental temperatures;
and calculating the expression of the temperature of the measuring point under different environmental temperatures according to the Bolmatz formula.
6. The method for measuring human body temperature independent of ambient temperature according to claim 5, wherein the expression of the radiant energy of the measuring points at different ambient temperatures is:
wherein, WoFor measuring the radiation energy of the body part, epsilono(i)Emissivity of the ith measurement point, Wt(i)3For infrared detectors at ambient temperature U1Total radiation energy, W, received at the ith measurement pointt(i)4For infrared detectors at ambient temperature U2Total radiation energy, W, received at the ith measurement pointU1Is ambient temperature U1Ambient radiation energy of WU2Is ambient temperature U2The environment below radiates energy.
7. The method for measuring human body temperature without being affected by environmental temperature according to claim 4, wherein the expression of the temperature of the measuring point at different environmental temperatures is:
wherein, ToMeasuring the temperature, epsilon, of a body parto(i)Emissivity of the ith measurement point, Tt(i)3To be at ambient temperature U1Measured temperature at the i-th measuring pointDegree, Tt(i)4To be at ambient temperature U2Measured temperature at the i-th measuring point, TU1Is ambient temperature U1Ambient temperature of (D) TU2Is ambient temperature U2And n is the infrared coefficient related to the wavelength.
8. The method for measuring human body temperature not affected by ambient temperature according to claim 7, wherein the emissivity corresponding to the i-th measuring point is calculated by formula (5):
9. the method for measuring human body temperature unaffected by ambient temperature according to claim 1, wherein calculating the temperature of the human body measurement site according to the final emissivity includes:
for changed ambient temperature U2Carrying out arithmetic averaging on the temperature of each measuring point to obtain a temperature mean value;
and calculating the temperature of the human body measuring part according to the temperature mean value and the final emissivity.
10. The human body temperature measurement method not affected by the environmental temperature according to claim 9, wherein the temperature of the human body measurement site is calculated by formula (6):
wherein, ToMeasuring the temperature of the body part, epsilon being the final emissivity, Tt(i)4To be at ambient temperature U2Measured temperature at the i-th measuring point, TU2Is ambient temperature U2And N is the total number of measurement points.
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